International Politics Chapter 6 HR
The UN Development Program (UNDP)
A program that coordinates the flow of multilateral development assistance and manages 6,000 projects at once around the world (focusing especially on technical development assistance).
UN Environment Program (UNEP)
A program that monitors environmental conditions and, among other activities, works with the World Meteorological Organization to measure changes in global climate.
World Court
a court established to settle disputes between members of the United Nations
Common Market
a group of countries that acts as a single market, without trade barriers between member countries
Monetary union
a group of countries that use a common currency
Marshall Plan
a plan for aiding the European nations in economic recovery after World War II in order to stabilize and rebuild their countries and prevent the spread of communism.
Maastricht Treaty
a treaty created in 1991 that set strict financial criteria for joining the proposed monetary union, with it single currency and set 1999 as the start date for its establishment.
1985, Single European Act (SEA)
aimed at eliminating non tariff barriers to free trade in goods, services, labor, and capital within the EC.
Integration Theory
an approach to the formation of international organizations that advocates international cooperation on scientific, humanitarian, social, and economic issues.
Convention Against Torture (CAT)
an international human rights treaty, under the review of the United Nations, that aims to prevent torture and other acts of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment around the world.
League of Nations
an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations
diplomatic norms
call for politeness when expelling spies; the standard reason given is "for activities not consistent with his or her diplomatic status." If a spy operates under cover of being a businessperson or tourist, then no immunity applies; the person can be arrested and prosecuted under the host country's laws.
Rights are often divided into two broad types
civil-political and economic-social
UNHCR
coordinates efforts to protect, assist, and eventually repatriate the many refugees who flee across international borders each year to escape war and political violence.
European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)
group of six European countries formed in 1951 to coordinate iron and steel production to ensure peace among member countries; eventually evolved into the EU
supranational
having power or influence that transcends national boundaries or governments
IOs include
intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), such as the UN, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), such as the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).
Peacekeepers
members of the military whose job is usually to help settle conflicts and maintain order in a region
European Parliament
operates partly as a watchdog over the Commission, but with some power to legislate
The largest NGOs are?
religious groups Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Judaism, Hinduism, and other world religions have organized themselves across state borders, often in the face of hostility from one or more national governments.
international stability
stableness, stability in the global system. equilibrium of power
human rights
the basic rights to which all people are entitled as human beings
Relativism
the doctrine that knowledge, truth, and morality exist in relation to culture, society, or historical context, and are not absolute.
Naturalization
the legal process by which citizens of one country become citizens of another
Just War Doctrine
the moral criteria identifying when a just war may be undertaken and how it should be fought once it begins
General Assembly
the supreme deliberative assembly of the United Nations
The four sources of international law
treaties, custom, general principles of law, legal scholarship
diplomatic immunity
when an ambassador is not subject to the laws of the state to which they are accredited
Legal Scholarship
written arguments of judges and lawyers around the world on the issues in question
International Law
A body of rules that binds states and other agents in world politics and is considered to have the status of law
Lisbon Treaty
A European Union agreement that replaces a failed attempt at an EU constitution with a similar set of reforms strengthening central EU authority and modifying voting procedures among the EU's expanded membership.
UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
A structure established in 1964 to promote third world development through various trade proposals.
collective security
A system in which a group of nations acts as one to preserve the peace of all
Neofunctionalism
A theory that holds that economic integration (functionalism) generates a "spillover" effect, resulting in increased political integration
Sovereignty
Ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states.
legitimacy of reprisals
Actions that would have been illegal under international law may sometimes be legal if taken in response to the illegal actions of another state.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
Adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948, this declaration defines a "common standard of achievement for all peoples" and forms the foundation of modern human rights law.
UNICEF
An agency of the United Nations responsible for programs to aid education and the health of children and mothers in developing countries
Amnesty International,
An influential non-governmental organization that operates globally to monitor and try to rectify glaring abuses of political (not economic or social) human rights.
IGOs
An intergovernmental organization (or international governmental organization; IGO) is an organization composed primarily of sovereign states (referred to as member states), or of other intergovernmental organizations. (World trade organization)
United Nations
An international organization formed after WWII to promote international peace, security, and cooperation.
The European Union
An international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members.
Security Council
Five permanent members( US, UK, France, China, USSR) with veto power in the UN. Promised to carry out UN decisions with their own forces.
Treaty of Nice
EU's December 2000 treaty that opened the door to the broadening of the EU in 2004 and 2007 and outlined provisional plans for reforming the EU's institutions so they could function effectively with as many as thirty members, including the possibility of enacting a constitution.
Transnational Actors
Global actors, such as nongovernmental organizations, multi- national corporations, intergovernmental organizations, and private organizations, that operate across borders and share the world stage with states.
The Hague
Location of the International Court of Justice, which rules on disputes between states.
Treaty of Rome
Pact, created in 1957, that set up the European Economic Community (also known as the Common Market).
UN Secretariat
The UN's executive branch, led by the secretary-general
Who is the favored jurisdiction of the court
The US
Brexit
The British Exit from the European Union
diplomatic recognition
The formal acknowledgment of a foreign government as legitimate.
UN Charter
The founding document of the United Nations; it is based on the principles that states are equal, have sovereignty over their own affairs, enjoy independence and territorial integrity, and must fulfill international obligations. The Charter also lays out the structure and methods of the UN.
five permanent members of security council
US, UK, France, Russia, China