Interpersonal Communication 2-7

In which of the following do words help humans create reality? A. All answers are correct B. Specific words impact how an individual receives the message communicated C. Individuals use words to label their experiences D. Words have the power to impact what an individual believes and feels

A. All answers are correct

The volunteer coordinator met with her staff, stating that they had a lot of work to do to "determine the most effective way to distribute their resources and manpower." What kind of language did the volunteer coordinator use? A. Biased language B. Vulgarity C. Ambiguous language D. Idiom

A. Biased language

What is it called when a word's definition is subjective, incorporating a word's emotional impact? A. Connotative meaning B. Denotative meaning C. Metameaning D. Empathetic meaning

A. Connotative meaning

What is it called when an individual adapts their communication style to be more like the speaker? A. Converge affiliation B. Diverge affiliation C. Linguistic relativity D. Uncertainty reduction

A. Converge affiliation

Which of the following is a required behavior when checking for understanding? A. Listening B. Speaking C. Learning D. Looking

A. Listening

Which rules govern how individuals use language to interact with other people? A. Pragmatic rules B. Syntactic rules C. Semantic rules D. Spelling rules

A. Pragmatic rules

Which of the following is not true about the ideal-self? A. The ideal-self is the same thing as the real-self B. The ideal-self is perfect, flawless, unrealistic, and evolving C. The ideal-self is the version of yourself that you would like to be D. The ideal-self is created through one's life experiences, cultural demands, and other's expectations

A. The ideal-self is the same thing as the real-self

Which of the following skills diminishes in middle adulthood? A. Vocabulary development B. Reading C. Speaking D. Listening

A. Vocabulary development

Jessica found out that her friend Kate had violated her trust by sharing information that Jessica wanted to be kept confidential. The news left Jessica feeling sick to her stomach. She decided to talk to Kate to share how she felt and find out what happened before deciding her next move. Which communication need was Jessica satisfying? 1. All of the above 2. Social needs 3. Physical needs 4. Practical needs

All of the above Feedback: Jessica's conversation with Kate was used to maintain and/or terminate the relationship (i.e., social needs), give her the information needed to improve mental and physical health (i.e., physical needs), and exchange information or solve problems (i.e., practical needs). (Textbook reference: Section 7.1)

Gary loves watching late-night comedy as a way to relax, unwind, and have a good laugh. What aspect of listening is Gary demonstrating? 1. Appreciative listening 2. Therapeutic listening 3. Comprehensive listening 4. Discriminative listening

Appreciative listening Feedback: This type of listening is the act of listening for pleasure or enjoyment. (Textbook reference: Section 7.3)

Last summer Erin got a small tattoo of a butterfly on her forearm. When she is at work at the local hospital, she doesn't want to give patients the wrong idea. So she makes sure her coat sleeve covers up the tattoo. What kind of nonverbal communication is Erin concerned about?

Artifacts

Brian is concerned about his brother's abuse of controlled substances. He and his family organize an intervention to help his brother understand the dangers associated with this behavior, telling him how much they love and support them, and persuade him to enroll in a treatment program. What function of language did Brian and his family use? A. Imaginative functions B. Regulatory functions C. Instrumental functions D. Ritual functions

B. Regulatory functions

The city of Smithsville sent information to residents about their new recycling program. The message included the following information: "To avoid the contamination of other materials, residents must ensure that all cans and bottles are empty before placing them in the recycling receptacle. Plastic bottles and aluminum cans should be crushed and boxes should be cut down to maximize space in your cart. Ensure that you flatten and cut cardboard to no larger than 2 feet by 2 feet." What kind of language did the city use? A. Colloquialisms B. Informal language C. Formal language D. Jargon

C. Formal language

Which function of language is used to explore and investigate the world, solving problems, and learn from your discoveries and experiences? A. Representational functions B. Interactional functions C. Heuristic functions D. Ritual functions

C. Heuristic functions

Which of the following outcomes is not associated with the use of nonverbal immediacy behaviors in health care settings? A. Patient understanding of medical information B. Patient satisfaction C. Hospital performance reviews D. Patient perceptions of provider credibility

C. Hospital performance reviews

Which theory suggests that language impacts perceptions by showing a culture's worldview? A. Uncertainty reduction theory B. Theory of rejection sensitivity C. Sapir-Worf hypothesis D. Osgood and Schramm Model

C. Sapir-Worf hypothesis

Which of the following occurs when a congruent self-concept is present? A. The individual is more likely to exhibit other psychological difficulties B. Self-image, self-worth, and the ideal-self are independent and incompatible C. Self-image, self-worth, and the ideal-self overlap reflecting compatibility D. The individual is out of balance with how they interact with others

C. Self-image, self-worth, and the ideal-self overlap reflecting compatibility

Aaron can't believe how many things he needs to get done at work before the end of the day. When possible, he works on multiple tasks at the same time. What type of nonverbal communication is he displaying?

Chronemics

As Roger listened to the waiter repeat his order, he nodded his head in agreement. Which function of nonverbal communication did Roger demonstrate?

Complementing

What kind of conversation is characterized when conversational partners are mutually interested in the contributions of all conversational participants? 1. Cooperative conversations 2. One-way conversations 3. Two-way conversations 4. Competitive conversations

Cooperative conversations Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.1

Which of the following statements about the relationship between names and perceptions is not true? A. All names have the potential to elicit different emotions among different people B. People's perceptions of names change over time C. All names encompass some cultural or ethnic associations D. Gender-neutral names (e.g., Sam, Alex, Corey) are free of cultural or ethnic associations

D. Gender-neutral names (e.g., Sam, Alex, Corey) are free of cultural or ethnic associations

An individual's ability to be mindful and sensitive to all functions and forms of language is called what? A. Relative language B. Linguistic empathy C. Language adaption D. Language awareness

D. Language awareness

Which of the following is a step in the cycle of rejection sensitivity? A. Providing others affection B. Decreased fear of rejection C. Expressing rage D. Repressed hostility for fear of losing affection

D. Repressed hostility for fear of losing affection

During a recent job interview, the interviewer asked Madeline if she was planning on becoming pregnant in the next few years while working for the company. Which type of language did the interviewer utilize? A. Ageist B. Affiliation C. Racist D. Sexist

D. Sexist

What is an individual's ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions called?

Emotional intelligence

Unlike verbal communication, nonverbal communication is free from ambiguity.

False

True/False Feminine individuals are more emotionally aware, topically involved, and invested in their interactions.

False Feedback: Using psychological gender, androgynous individuals are more emotionally aware, topically involved, and invested in their interactions. (Textbook reference: Section 7.2)

Senses, age, health, hunger, and biological cycles are examples of what kind of perceptual influence? 1. Physiological 2. Social 3. Psychological 4. Cultural

Physiological Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.4

What is the degree to which an individual communicates using responsive or assertive communication techniques called?

Sociocommunicative orientation

Eye contact is generally the first form of communication between two individuals.

True

Nonverbal communication is a skill that requires practice.

True

The same scent can affect different people in different ways.

True

What role does touch play in interpersonal relationships? A. All three responses are true. B. Maintaining C. Initiating D. Regulating

A. All three responses are true.

Which of the following occurs when an individual evaluates another's behavior using their internal tendencies rather than external factors?

Attribution error

Nina struggles with emotional and social loneliness. What outcomes is she more likely to report as a result? A. Lower self-esteem B. Greater sensitivity to social rejection C. All three of the answers are true D. Greater social passivity

C. All three of the answers are true

Liz's doctor called to share the results of her blood work. Her doctor informed her that her hemoglobin and hematocrit counts were low, perhaps the result of a vitamin B12 deficiency, thalassemia, or a number of neoplasms of the bone marrow. However, they would need to run another test because the hematocrit count is concentration-dependent and, as a result, isn't completely accurate. What kind of language was her doctor using? A. Static evaluations B. Cliches C. Jargon D. Euphemisms

C. Jargon

Which of the following is not a type of communication disposition? A. Affective/appetitive orientation B. Introversion/extraversion C. Argumentative/verbal aggressiveness D. Approach and avoidance traits

A. Affective/appetitive orientation

Mo'Nique was having a horrible day in which everything that could go wrong, went wrong. That night she called her best friend who did what all good best friends do - she let her friend tell her about everything that went wrong, even if it took awhile. Mo'Nique had the opportunity to express her emotions concerning everything that went wrong. What type of conversation did the two friends utilize? 1. Diatribe 2. Dialogue 3. Discourse 4. Debate

Diatribe Feedback: Diatribes are one-way, competitive conversations used for the purpose of expressing emotions, browbeating those that disagree, and/or inspiring others with the same perspective. Competitive conversations are those in which partners are more concerned with their points of view than others. (Textbook reference: Section 7.1)

What type of conversation is characterized as a one-way, cooperative conversation used to transmit information from the sender to the receiver? 1. Discourse 2. Debate 3. Diatribe 4. Dialogue

Discourse Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.1

Which attachment style do individuals exhibit when they view themselves as worthy of love, but generally believe that others will be deceptive and reject them in interpersonal relationships?

Dismissing attachment

The mayor held a press conference at a local library designed to highlight the city's improved literacy program. Local educators and the public praised the changes to the program, changes that the mayor took responsibility for despite little interest or involvement in the program. Which impression management technique did the mayor utilize? 1. Entitlements 2. Enhancements 3. Accounts 4. Entitlements

Entitlements Feedback: This impression management technique is designed to maximize an individual's apparent responsibility for an event. (Textbook reference: Section 7.2)

Colloquial language is comprised of formal language, advanced vocabulary words, and specialized language, all of which suggest that the speaker is a college graduate. T/F

False

External locus of control is a type of social-personal disposition in which an individual believes that forces influence one's behavior and circumstances outside of one's control.

False

Individuals highly sensitive to rejection are less adept at noting when they are being rejected.

False

Intrapersonal communication exists within an individual's self or mind and is an entirely internal phenomenon.

False

Metamessages are verbal conversations people have with others to evaluate effectiveness of the communication style being used within the interpersonal relationship. T/F

False

Nonverbal communication plays a secondary role in creating meaning.

False

Rachel is a preschool teacher. In the corner of her classroom is a playhouse filled with all sorts of fun toys, props, and creative outfits. Rachel regularly overhears children saying things like, "I'm putting frogs and purple bubbles in my portion," "we don't need a car, we can fly," and "don't touch that, it will turn you into a crocodile." This is an example of the interactional functions of language. T/F

False

Relationships begin with verbal communication exchanges.

False

Self-compassion involves mindfulness, common humanity, and empathy.

False

Temperament is a product of the social environment, while personality is biologically determined.

False

Tempo is the primary vocal quality making an individual's voice sound either pleasant or disturbing to listen to.

False

The use of racist language is limited to the intentional use of words that express an attitude that is not objective or balance, prejudiced, or demeans someone based on the person's race or ethnicity. T/F

False

Vocabulary is not a reliable predictor of one's social status, education, and profession. T/F

False

True/False Within a relationship, conversation is one of the least common forms of interpersonal communication.

False Feedback: Conversation is one of the most common forms of interpersonal communication. (Textbook reference: Section 7.1)

True/False Responding is one of the most difficult steps in the process of mindful listening and communication.

False Feedback: Judging a message is one of the most difficult steps in the process of mindful listening and communication. Mindful communication requires that one listens in a way that is non-judgmental. (Textbook 232 reference: Section 7.3)

True/False Listeners who choose to remain neutral remain silent, sending no message to the speaker.

False Feedback: When the listener says nothing, it sends a powerful positive or negative message to the speaker, depending on the situation. (Textbook reference: Section 7.4)

Which term accurately defines the passive and physiological process in which an individual continuously perceives sound by detecting vibrations through the ear? 1. Hearing 2. Listening 3. Critical listening 4. All of the above

Hearing Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.3

Leticia hated public speaking. She often became nervous and had butterflies in her stomach. However, when it was her turn, she projected confidence, and no one would have guessed how anxious she was beforehand. What type of self is this an example of? 1. Hidden self 2. Open self 3. Unknown self 4. Blind self

Hidden self Feedback: The hidden self is when information about oneself is known by the individual but unknown to others. (Textbook reference: Section 7.2)

While listening to his friend Fred, Nick noticed the way Fred emphasized certain words and the body language he used. In doing so, what step of the HERIER Model of Listening was Nick practicing? 1. Interpreting 2. Remembering 3. Evaluating 4. Hearing

Interpreting Feedback: This type of listening involves awareness of individual and contextual factors influencing a message's meaning. (Textbook reference: Section 7.3)

Which personality trait is characterized by the use of cunningness and deceit to maintain the power necessary to accomplish specific, self-centered goals?

Machiavellianism

Janice and John, who both grew up in large families and attended the same college, have been happily dating for the past three years. Their story illustrates what hypothesis?

Matching hypothesis

Sheldon theorized that people who tend to be average (e.g., fairly active, eat a normal amount, look like other people at the gym, etc.) also demonstrate personality traits in which others describe them as being kind, happy, brave, helping others, extraverted, and energetic. Which somatotype does this represent?

Mesomorphy

Individuals excessively preoccupied with one's self suffer from what psychological condition?

Narcissism

Which of the following defines the use of behaviors that increase sensory stimulation between individuals, creating both physical and psychological closeness?

Nonverbal immediacy

Understanding the role nonverbal communication plays in interpersonal relationships helps individuals develop which of the following skills

Nonverbal mindset

Ron had a horrible day at work after learning that his sales figures were the lowest of everyone in the office. Ron's self-esteem was influenced by which kind of evaluation?

Objective evaluation

To be a more mindful listener, Zaira provided an example of what she thought her friend was talking about. What type of listening response did Zaira use? 1. Paraphrasing 2. Analyzing 3. Empathizing 4. Supporting

Paraphrasing Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.4

When it comes to eating and exercise, learning to mindfully listen and trust one's body to assess the body's needs involves which competency of the Be Body Positivity Model?

Practice intuitive self-care

What is the study of communication pertaining to physical space called?

Proxemics

Juli's company held a small cocktail hour for new employees. As Juli mingled about, visiting with her coworkers, she found herself nodding her head while listening to different conversations. While she didn't have much to say, she felt that by nodding her head, it showed others that she was interested in hearing what they had to say. Which function of nonverbal communication did Juli demonstrate?

Regulating

What is the last stage of the HERIER Model of Listening? 1. Responding 2. Evaluating 3. Interpreting 4. Remembering

Responding Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.3

Which need on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs occurs when the three selves work together to create an individual's self-concept?

Self-actualization

What is the degree to which an individual views themselves as a good person, who deserves to be valued and respected called?

Self-worth

Michael feels conspicuous or socially exposed when dealing with others in face-to-face interactions. He says that the root of these feelings stems from a prior experience in which his privacy was breached due in part to his foolish actions. What type of shyness does Michael experience?

Short-term self-conscious shyness

According to Hall's Four Spaces, which of the following is used by acquaintances during interpersonal interactions?

Social distance

Nathan and Steve started hanging out after class, grabbing lunch at a nearby eatery. At first, they chatted about different things each likes to do, finding some common interests that they both enjoy. As they have gotten to know each other better, they discuss other topics in which they share their opinions and beliefs more freely. As a result, what started out as grabbing lunch has become a friendship. 1. Social integration 2. Collectivism 3. Impression management 4. Discourse management

Social integration Feedback: During the process of social integration, people share personal information to develop relationships with those with similar interests, beliefs, values, attitudes, etc. (Textbook reference: Section 7.2)

Which of the following motivates self-disclosure? 1. Social integration and impression management 2. Impression management and emotional blackmail 3. Social integration and status differential 4. Status differential and emotional blackmail

Social integration and impression management Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.2

Just as Mark took a bite of his sandwich, his wife asked him what time they had to leave for the airport. Mark held up all five fingers on his hand, and his wife replied, "great, that gives me time to run back to that bookstore we saw on the corner." Which function of nonverbal communication did Mark demonstrate?

Substituting

Which listening response enhances psychological, physical, and relational health? 1. Supporting 2. Silent listening 3. Paraphrasing 4. Advising

Supporting Feedback: This type of listening shows the speaker that they endorse or support them. (Textbook reference: Section 7.4)

What personality model features the following personalities: Surgency, agreeableness, dependability, emotional stability, and culture

The Big Five

A reciprocal relationship exists between self-esteem and communication, each influencing the other.

True

An individual's self-concept consists of self-image, self-worth, and the ideal-self.

True

Communication apprehension is the fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication exchanges with another person or persons.

True

Dogmatism is the inclination to believe one's point-of-view as undeniably true based on faulty premises and without consideration of evidence and the opinions of others.

True

Eric kept telling the cashier "um...." while he thought about what he wanted to order next. This is an example of a dysfluency.

True

For an individual to be an effective communicator, they must be able to make linguistic choices specific to the needs of different people. T/F

True

Introversion and extraversion exist on a continuum.

True

Language exists on a continuum ranging from concrete representations of a tangible object to abstract representations of ideas or concepts existing only in an individual's mind. T/F

True

Martha started a new medication and was not feeling quite right. So she called a pharmacist to express her concerns and ask a few questions about the medication's side effects. This is an example of instrumental functions of language. T/F

True

Nonverbal communication is the primary way people communicate with each other.

True

Popular names tend to originate with high socioeconomic families before becoming popular among lower socioeconomic families. T/F

True

Spin is the manipulation of language to achieve the most positive interpretation of words, gain political advantage, or deceive others. T/F

True

While shopping at the mall, a woman approached Christina asking her if she knew where the closest restroom was. As Christina replied that the restrooms were located back in the other direction by the food court, she pointed to the walkway behind the woman. Christina's gestured served a repeating function.

True

True/False The art of conversation is a skill that must be learned within a mediated society.

True Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.1

True/False An individual considers the nature of the relationship when determining when to overlook another individual's violation of the norms within an interpersonal interaction.

True Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.2

True/False Consequences of self-disclosure can strengthen how you feel or create distance between you and someone else.

True Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.2

True/False Many people do not use just one listening style, rather, they use a combination of different listening styles.

True Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.3

True/False One's perceptions influence how one decides to listen.

True Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.4

True/False The greater one is involved in the situation, the more an individual attempts to make sense of what is happening.

True Feedback: Textbook reference: Section 7.4