Intro to Business ch10

Vroom's expectancy theory states that:

motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something, but also on the person's perception of how likely he or she is to get it.

According to equity theory, if workers perceive an inequity in the workplace they may ______ in order to reset the balance.

reduce effort on a task

Employees who work together in different locations who rely on email, audio conferencing, fax, Internet, video conferencing, or other technological tools to accomplish their goals are known as:

a virtual team.

How can conflict be beneficial to a team's development?

Conflict allows members to spend more time analyzing the situation to determine the best decision.

What is a team called that consists of individuals with varying specialties, expertise, and skills that are brought together to achieve a common task?

Cross-functional team

What are the five stages of team development, in order as a team matures?

Forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning

Which researcher studied motivation specifically related to the workplace and determined that a variety of hygiene and motivational factors impact worker motivation?

Herzberg

Which of the following is an organizational outcome of high morale?

High employee loyalty

Which statement best describes Elton Mayo's conclusions from the Hawthorne Studies?

Human factors such as sense of involvement and social acceptance are at least as important to motivation as pay rates for employees.

Which job design specifically incorporates motivational factors such as opportunity for achievement, recognition, responsibility, and advancement into a job?

Job enrichment

Jack has elderly parents he needs to care for and he would like to cut his hours down to half-time. Which flexible scheduling strategy might work for Jack?

Job sharing

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a team?

Little to no chance of conflict

What motivational technique is a multistep process with the primary purpose of clarifying the roles employees are expected to play in reaching the organization's goals?

Management by objectives

____ is the individual internal process that energizes, directs, and sustains behavior; the personal "force" that causes you or me to behave in a particular way.

Motivation

Which element(s) in the work environment was(were) found to dissatisfy workers when not present, but when present did not serve as a motivator for workers?

Pay and job security

What are the various needs from Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs listed in the order from most basic to most complex?

Physiological, safety, social, esteem, self-actualization

_______ assumes that people dislike work and need to be led since they lack ambition; while, _______ assumes that people work towards goals and seek out responsibility.

Theory X; Theory Y

Which of the following is not an advantage of self-managed teams?

Unclear leadership role

Equity theory is:

a theory of motivation based on the premise that people are motivated to obtain and preserve equitable treatment for themselves.

The idea that managers can change employee behavior by administering consequences related to the employee's actions is called:

behavior modification.

Making employees more involved in their jobs by increasing their participation in decision making is known as:

employee empowerment.

A compensation system under which employees are paid a certain amount for each unit of output they produce is known as:

piece-rate system.