Intro to Psych

Psychology is a social science discipline. Psychologists scientifically study ________.

the mind and behavior

Why is psychology considered a social science?

Behavior is biological, and our behavior is influenced by our interactions with others.

Which theorist published research related to the psychology of personality?

Sigmund Freud

Who was the first person referred to as a psychologist?

Wilhelm Wundt

Psychoanalytic theory focuses on ________ and early childhood experiences.

a person's unconscious

William James was the ________.

first American psychologist

Research on ________ subjects must always involve ________.

human; obtaining informed consent

________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.

humanism

Which aspect of the scientific method occurs first?

hypothesis

Behaviorists study ________.

learned behavior

Which of the following refers to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is consistently supported by evidence over time?

scientific theory

Which of the following psychologists was a behaviorist?

John Watson

Critical thinking is ________.

applying a set of skills to understand and evaluate information

Many studies that cannot ethically be conducted as experiments with typical human participants ________.

are possible to test with animal studies

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the ________ include food, water, and shelter.

basic survival needs

Penelope studies how the structure and function of the nervous system is related to behavior. She is a ________.

biopsychologist

Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in?

clinical psychology

Naghemeh wants to focus on the emotional, social, vocational, and health-related outcomes of individuals who are considered psychologically healthy. Which area of psychology should she work in?

counseling psychology

I provide Ralph with the positive reinforcement of a candy bar when he does something I like. I punish him by squirting him with a squirt gun when he does something I don't like. I am applying the principles of ________ in an attempt to modify Ralph's behavior.

operant conditioning

For a scientific explanation to be testable, it must also be ________.

perceivable and measurable

Behaviorists all focus on ________.

physiological responses that result in action

Psychology refers to the ________.

scientific study of the mind

Select the correctly ordered list of psychological perspectives, with the earliest perspective listed first.

structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, humanism

According to William James, the purpose of psychology was to ________.

study the function of behavior

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________.

studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes

________ is/are often conducted with large numbers of participants and can even be conducted by phone, email, or mail.

surveys

Which of the following defines hypothesis?

tentative explanation

Which of the following is an example of research someone might conduct in the area of health psychology?

whether people working at a desk are more likely to be obese