Intro to Sociology Unit 1

A hypothesis can be defined as: a) A testable proposition b) Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them c)An attempt to explain large-scale relationships d) A way to explain different aspects of social interactions

a) A testable proposition

Max Weber, Georg Simmel, and Karl Marx were all advocates of: a) Conflict theory b) Capitalism c) Symbolic interactionism d) Structural functionalism

a) Conflict theory

Tyson is researching whether actors on prime-time television and hit movies negatively impact teenagers' body images. He is going undercover at a local high school to observe and participate with the students to better understand the world they live in. Tyson is conducting which research method? a) Field research b) Experiments c) Secondary data analysis d)Surveys

a) Field research

Who coined the phrase symbolic interactionism? a) Herbert Blumer b) Max Weber c) Lester F. Ward d) W.I. Thomas

a) Herbert Blumer

Which research approach is best suited to the scientific method? a) Questionnaire b) Case study c) Ethnography d) Secondary data analysis

a) Questionnaire

The main difference between ethnography and other types of participant observation is: a) ethnography isn't based on hypothesis testing b)ethnography subjects are unaware they're being studied c)ethnographic studies always involve minority ethnic groups d) there is no difference

a) ethnography isn't based on hypothesis testing

A sociologist defines society as a group of people who reside in a defined area, share a culture, and who: a) interact b) work in the same industry c) speak different languages d) practice a recognized religion

a) interact

Reliability is defined by the text as: a) How close the study's results come to the experimenter's hypothesis. b) A measure of a study's consistency that considers how likely results are to be replicated if a study is reproduced. c) How long a study is expected to remain relevant and influential. d) How well the study measures what it was designed to measure.

b) A measure of a study's consistency that considers how likely results are to be replicated if a study is reproduced.

Which materials are considered secondary data? a) Photos and letters given to you by another person b) Books and articles written by other authors about their studies c) Information that you have gathered and now have included in your results d) Responses from participants whom you both surveyed and interviewed

b) Books and articles written by other authors about their studies

Which materials are considered secondary data? a) Photos and letters given to you by another person b) Books and articles written by other authors about their studies c) information that you have gathered and now have included in your results. d) Responses from participants whom you both surveyed and interviewed

b) Books and articles written by other authors about their studies

Which of the following was a topic of study in early sociology? a) Astrology b) Economics c) Physics d) History

b) Economics

Weber's proposal of antipositivism influenced sociological researchers to ______ while examining different social worlds. a) Reject antiquated notions of privacy and consent b) Gain a subjective understanding of human cultural norms c) Manipulate test subjects into answering difficult questions d) Methodically predict situational outcomes

b) Gain a subjective understanding of human cultural norms

Who believed that the history of society was one of class struggle? a) Emile Durkheim b) Karl Marx c) Erving Goffmann d) George Herbert Mead

b) Karl Marx

Which research technique would most likely be used by a symbolic interactionist? a) Surveys b) Participant observation c) Quantitative data analysis d) none of the above

b) Participant Observation

C. Wright Mills once said that sociologists need to develop a sociological __________ to study how society affects individuals. a) culture b) imagination c) method d) tool

b) imagination

Which statement provides the best operational definition of "childhood obesity"? a) Children who eat unhealthy foods and spend too much time watching television and playing video games b) A distressing trend that can lead to health issues including type 2 diabetes and heart disease c) Body weight at least 20% higher than a healthy weight for a child of that height d) The tendency of children today to weigh more than children of earlier generations

c) Body weight at least 20% higher than a healthy weight for a child of that height

What method did researchers John Mihelich and John Papineau use to study Parrotheads? a) Survey b) Experiment c) Ethnography d) Case Study

c) Ethnography

The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of individuals and the society that shapes that behavior (or, the concept that the individual and society are inseparable) is referred to as: a) Dramaturgical analysis b) Dynamic equilibrium c) Figuration d) Latent functions

c) Figuration

Which of the following is an example of nonreactive research? a) Interviewing heroin addicts and providing them with clean needles b) Volunteering at a local food bank and interacting with homeless persons c) Gathering data from government studies d) Educating classrooms on the necessities of safe sex

c) Gathering data from government studies

What research method did John S. Lynd and Helen Merrell Lynd mainly use in their Middletown study? a) Secondary data b) survey c) Participant observation d) Experiment

c) Participant observation

Kyle is collecting newspaper clippings from his grandfather about the American public's perception of World War II. This is an example of ______. a) Tertiary data b) Primary data c) Secondary data d) Interactive data

c) Secondary data

_____ view society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of individuals who make up that society. a) Social Individualists b) Conflict Theorists c) Structural Functionalists d)Symbolic Interactionists

c) Structural Functionalists

After weeks of protest in Zuccotti Park, NYC's "Occupy Wall Street" divided into two camps: one composed of higher income protestors, and one composed of lower-income protesters. A ______ would be most interested in the relationship and nature of day-to- day exchanges between the two groups. a) Feminist conflict theorist b) Structural functionalist c) Symbolic interactionist d) Conflict theorist

c) Symbolic interactionist

Which of the following is NOT an example of a sociological hypothesis? a) The more positive reinforcement a parent gives a child, the better they do in school. b) The longer an inmate spends in prison, the more difficult it is for him to adapt to the outside world. c) The more CDs Jamilla buys, the less money she has in her bank account d) The more study halls students are given during the school day, the worse they perform on their tests.

c) The more CDs Jamilla buys, the less money she has in her bank account

Sociological studies test relationships in which one ________ causes change in another. a) test subject b) behavior c) variable d) Operational definition

c) Variable

The difference between positivism and anti-positivism relates to: a) Whether individuals like or dislike their society b) Whether research methods use statistical data or person-to-person research c) Whether sociological studies can predict or improve society d) All of the above

c) Whether sociological studies can predict or improve society

Berger described sociologists as concerned with: a) monumental moments in people's lives b) common everyday life events c) both a and b d) none of the above

c) both a and b

Using secondary data is considered an unobtrusive or ________ research method. a) non-reactive b) non-participatory c) non-restrictive d) non-confrontive

c) non-reactive

A measurement is considered ______ if it actually measures what it is intended to measure, according to the topic of the study. a) reliable b) sociological c) valid d) quantitative

c) valid

The term value neutrality is defined by the text as: a) A systematic approach to record and value information gleaned from secondary data as it relates to the study at hand. b) The study of evolving ethics and morals in relation to sociological research. c) A study's participants being randomly selected to serve as a representation of a larger population d) A practice of remaining impartial, without bias or judgment during the course of a study and in publishing results.

d) A practice of remaining impartial, without bias or judgment during the course of a study and in publishing results.

According to Durkheim, which of the following is NOT a social fact? a) A religious belief b) A law c) A custom d) All of the above are social facts

d) All of the above are social facts

What approach is often used to understand what's defined as deviant within a society? a) Symbolic interactionism b) Antipositivism c) Criticism d) Constructivism

d) Constructivism

Why is choosing a random sample an effective way to select participants? a) Participants do not know they are part of a study b) the researcher has no control over who is in the study c) It is larger than an ordinary sample d) Everyone has the same chance of being part of the study

d) Everyone has the same chance of being part of the study

Eleanor is researching the effect social media has on worldwide political awareness and revolution. Felix is examining the effect World of Warcraft has on the romantic relationships of middle-aged men in his metro area. Eleanor's analysis is _____, while Felix's analysis is _____. a) Micro-level; macro-level b) They are both macro-level. c) They are both micro-level. d) Macro-level; micro-level

d) Macro-level; micro-level

Which person or organization defined the concept of value neutrality? a) Institutional Review Board (IRB) b) Peter Rossi c) American Sociological Association (ASA) d) Max Weber

d) Max Weber

Which person or organization defined the concept of value neutrality? a) Institutional Review Board (IRB) b) Peter Rossi c) American Sociological Association (ASA) d) Max Weber

d) Max Weber

A paradigm can be defined as: a) Social patterns that have undesirable consequences for the operation of society b) The social ties that bind a group of people together such as kinship, shared location, and religion c) The consequences of a social process that are sought or anticipated d) Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them.

d) Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them.

Studying Sociology helps people analyze data because they learn: a) interview techniques b) to apply statistics c) to generate theories d) all of the above

d) all of the above

In a study, a group of 10-year-old boys are fed doughnuts every morning for a week and then weighed to see how much weight they gained. Which factor is the dependent variable? a) the doughnuts b) the Boys c) the Duration of a week d) the weight gained

d) the weight gained

A symbolic interactionist may compare social interactions to: a) behaviors b) conflicts c) humans organs d) theatrical roles

d) theatrical roles