Intro to UNIX study guide

A friend sent you a shell script file that is 117 lines long. He says that he wants you to examine code on lines 82 through 87. What command in command line mode takes you directly to line 82?

#82

A user requesting that each time she logs in, a particular entry will be written to a log file. This will only apply to her and she is using the Bash shell. In which configuration file would you make an entry for this action to take place?

.profile

Which path represents the root directory?

/

While in command mode, you need to find the term Sam. Which command should you use?

/Sam or ?Sam

Under the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), which directory contains the device files for a Linux system?

/dev

All users at your site are using the Bash shell. You want to set a variable that will apply to every user and always have the same value. Which file would you place this variable in?

/etc/profile

Under the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), which directory contains information about the system state and processes?

/proc

Which directory is the home directory for the root user account?

/root

You have an executable file named ni that allows you to save a snapshot of your network information with the date and time into a log file. The file is in the /root directory, and /root is the current working directory. How would you run the executable file? (Select two.)

/root/ni ./ni

What is the full path to the directory that holds the man files on the system?

/usr/share/man

What is the full path to the directory that contains data files that change constantly, including email, print jobs, and proxy cache files?

/var

After opening a file in vi, you want to switch from command mode to command line mode. What key should you enter?

:

You have opened the /root/myscript file in vi. While looking at the file, your soda spilled, and you hit several keys on the keyboard trying to pick it back up. There are extra characters everywhere in the file, and you know you can't fix it. How do you exit vi without saving the changes?

:q!

Which key combination should you press in vi to save the file you are working on and quit?

:wq

Which of the following would be the result of the command ln -b~/file1 /data/file1?

A copy of the file ~/file1 would be placed in /data

You must do which of the following to define a persistent alias?

Add the command defining the alias to the appropriate shell configuration file

What is the result of the "uname -a" command?

All system information is displayed on the screen

Which of the following options is the standard shell for most Linux users?

Bourne-Again Shell (bash)

Following is a list of the four sections typically found in a man page. Which of theses shows a list of options available for a Linux command and explain what the options do?

DESCRIPTION

Which of the following statements best describe the purpose of the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)?

During installation, software can predict where to place configuration files. Individual users can predict where to find system configuration files.

Which of the following commands will configure the shell to retain 300 recently-used commands in the ~/.bash_history file for multiple shell sessions?

HISTFILESIZE=300

Which environment variable affects the number of past commands used in the current shell?

HISTSIZE

If you are viewing the contents of a man page, which key can you use press to get back to the beginning of the page?

Home

You want to view the contents of a directory, but the output of the Is -l command scrolls beyond the limit of one console window. Which of the following commands would allow you to see the full listing of the directory?

Is -l | less

Which command prints the attributes of a /boot/grub/grub.conf file?

Isattr /boot/grub/grub.conf

Which of the following commands best describes the PATH environment variable?

It contains the directory prefixes used to search for program files

j

Move the cursor down a line

h

Move the cursor one space to the left

l

Move the cursor one space to the right

k

Move the cursor up a line

You are editing a text file with vi and need to open a new line above the one you are currently working on. What key should you press to accomplish this?

O

What line must you add to /etc/profile to make sure /sbin/custom is always part of the PATH, but also keep the current entries in the PATH statement?

PATH=$PATH:/sbin/custom; export PATH

You want the directory /sbin/special to always be a part of the PATH. You also want to keep all the current entries in your PATH statement. Which command would you use?

PATH=$PATH:/sbin/special

You made a few changes to the /boot/grub/grub.conf file and now you need to exit out of insert mode, save the changes, and quit. What should you do? (Select two)

Press esc Type :wq

Drag the permission sting on the left to the category on the right. (Tip: Some permission strings will not be used.)

Symbolic link: Irwxrwxrwx Hard link: -rwxr-xr-x

Which of the following presents the greatest security risk?

The PATH statement includes . (period).

What will be the effect of the following command: ls -l /usr/bin >> /tmp/list.txt

The contents of the /usr/bin directory will be redirected into a file called /tmp/list.txt, inserted after previous contents of the file.

Command Mode

The initial vim mode used when vim is started. It has commands that cut and replace text, and it is the mode vi uses to enter the other modes.

Edit Mode

The mode that vim uses to write and edit text in the file.

Command Line Mode

The mode that works with the file system. Use it to save files after editing them.

What are two methods to exit vi from command mode? (Select two)

Type ZZ Type :wq

Which statement describes file globbing?

Using wildcards to match specific files.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of symbolic links?

Valid inode for the file data even if the original file is deleted

Which command will display a list of the currently defined aliases on the system?

alias

The user mbrown has a directory named logs in her home directory that is regularly updated with new log files when certain systems events occur. She runs the following commands several times a week to check this directory: - cd /home/mbrown/logs - ls -al She wants a persistent alias named logcheck to be created to run these two commands. What command would you enter into her shell configuration file to create this persistent Alias?

alias logcheck="cd /home/mbrown/logs;ls -al"

Which of the following commands will create a shortcut to the tail -f /var/log/messages command?

alias sysmesg="tail -f /var/log/messages"

What would you enter at the command prompt to start a new Bourne-Again Shell (bash) session?

bash

Which of the following commands combines three files into a single text stream?

cat

Which of the following commands sorts the contents of wordlist1 and wordlist2 and sends the result to standard output?

cat /usr/wordlist1 /usr/wordlist2 | sort

Which of the following commands displays the contents of wordlist1 and wordlist2 then sorts the combined contents, then sends the results to the monitor and a file named sortedwordlist?

cat /usr/wordlist1 /usr/wordlist2 | sort | tee sortedwordlist

Which of the following commands will give the same results as cat < turbo?

cat turbo

Which of the following commands redirects output to standard error?

cat txtfile 1>&2

Which of the following command copies the entire /temp directory with all of it's files, sub-directories, and files in the sub-directories to the /home/gshant directory.

cp -r /temp /home/gshant cp -R /temp /home/gshant

You are logged in as root. You have the file, letter.doc, on a CD in the first compact disk drive. Which commands will copy the file from the CD to your home directory?

cp /mnt/scd0/letter.doc /root

Which of the following commands will cut an entire line from a file while in the vi command line mode?

dd

Which of the following is not a characteristic of hard links?

distinct inode

You want to view the number of commands your HISTSIZE environment variable is set to save. You don't want to have to scroll through all the environmant variables. Which command shows you the value for the HISTSIZE variable?

echo $HISTSIZE

Which command shows the value of the LANG environment variable currently set for the language the operating system uses?

echo $LANG

What command can be used on most Linux distributions to find the directories where the man pages are kept?

echo $MANPATH

Two users should have identical settings, yet one is having problems with the display on his screen and you suspect there is a difference in their environment variables. Which command will display all the environment variables?

env

Which command will display only the environmant variables applied to child sessions?

env

You have the myapp executable file. It is found in the current working directory, but not in the command path. What should you type at the command prompt to start the myapp file and replace the shell with the myapp process?

exec ./myapp

Which of the following files will be displayed when using the egrep exhibit[0-9]+ ~/samps command? (Select two.)

exhibit125 exhibit1

You need to set the COMP variable to the value of 1745. Which command will set the variable so it is available to other programs?

export COMP=1745

You recently used the HOST=FS4 command. What command should you use to make the environment variable apply to all sessions?

export HOST

Which of the following commands is the fastest method to search a file for fixed strings, rather than regular expressions?

fgrep

What would you enter at the command prompt to display a file's type?

file

Which of the following commands finds files with the .txt extension in the /home/gshant directory?

find /home/gshant -name`*.txt`

You need to find all files in the /home/gshant directory that are larger than 300K. You change directories to /home/gshant. What would you enter at the command prompt to find these files?

find /home/gshant -size +300k

You want to perform an audit and make sure that group membership for user dblair is correct. Which command would you use to view the groups that dblair is a member of?

grep -e dblair /etc/group

You need to quickly see all of the lines in the blue_and_gold text file that do not reference Karen. Which command would you use to accomplish this?

grep -v Karen blue_and_gold

Which command would you use in a script to parse out entries that contain the word those from a file named config in a folder named diet beneath the /etc directory?

grep those /etc/diet/config

What command should you use to see a list of all the commands you recently used at the command prompt?

history

What commonly predefined alias is configured to run the ls -l command?

ll

You need to view the contents of the /home/jerrys directory. Which command will show all the contents, including hidden files and directories?

ls -a /home/jerrys

You need to make an expanded listing of all the files in /etc. Which command will produce the listing?

ls -al /etc

You are trying to debug a shell script that has the command ls -s in it. You suspect an error is occurring here and want to sent the results of the operations (successful or error) to a file name -Friday- in order to examine it later. Which commands should you use?

ls -s> Friday 2>&1

Which of the following commands could you use to search man pages for a specific keyword? (select three)

man -k apropos whatis

You are working on a Linux system and need more information about the uname command. What command should you use to learn about the uname command syntax and options?

man unname

You need to create the directory /var/oracle/database/9i. Only the directory /var currently exists. From the root of the filesystem, which command will create the directory path?

mkdir -p /var/oracle/database/9i

Which command would you use to move a file from one location to another?

mv

Which command would you use to rename the /home/pmallory/reports file to report.bak?

mv /home/pmallory/reports /home/pmallory/reports.bak

After using the ls command in the current working directory, you notice the following files; lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 2010-11-05 myfile -> shantsgems -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 382 2010-10-05 shantsgems What is true about about the files?

myfile is a symbolic link to shantsgems.

You are trying to debug a shell script called myscript and to aid you in this task you would like to have the output of the script be recorded in a text file. Which of these commands would satisfy you're requirements?

myscript >> testfile.txt

While in command mode, you copied a whole line of text to memory. You navigated to a different location in the file, and now you need to place the line of text. what command should you use?

p

What would you enter at the command prompt to display the present working directory?

pwd

The /home/gshant/smp directory contains several files.The directory and files need to be removed. You change directories to /home/gshant. Which command should you use?

rm -r smp

In the /var directory is a sub-directory called backup. You need to delete the directory backup and any files. You change directory focus to /var. Which command will delete the directory backup and its files?

rm -rf backup

The /home/gshant/smp directory is empty and needs to be removed. you change directories to /home/gshant. Which command should you use?

rmdir smp

Which command will display all the environment variables in the system?

set

Which command reads from standard input and writes to standard output and files?

tee

You previously created symbolic links in your home directory to set of files in the /data directory using the In -s command. The system administrator has just deleted those files. What happens to the links that you created?

the symbolic links would still exist in your home directory but they would now be broken

Which of the following commands will change the /home/gshants/smile file's modification and last accessed times to the current time?

touch /home/gshants/smile

You need to create a new text file with the name network.txt in the current directory. Which command starts vi and creates the file?

vi network.txt

Which command overcomes the 128 KB shell command size restriction by breaking up long lists of arguments?

xargs

What command would you enter while in vi command mode to copy an entire line of text?

yy

Which symbol uses the output of one command as the input of another command?

| (pipe character)

Your default target on your Linux system is set to multi-user mode; however, you want the X Windows System to launch when you log into the system. Which file should you edit?

~/.bash_login

After a user starts a BASH session and the scripts in /etc/profile are applied, what is the next file that could affect the session?

~/.bash_profile

Which of the following files would you use to create aliases that are applied when a specific user starts a BASH session? (Select two.)

~/.bashrc ~/.profile