Introduction to Communication

Which of the following is NOT an effective means of using verbal communication when listening? a. Use evaluative, nondescriptive comments. b. Ask questions. c. Provide affirmative and affirming statements. d. Vary verbal responses.

a. Use evaluative, nondescriptive comments.

Which of the following does NOT mean that "words are arbitrary"? a. Words have inherent meaning. b. Words are created by people. c. The meaning of words is decided by listeners. d. Things are named by people.

a. Words have inherent meaning.

Which of the following is a reason people terminate relationships? Select one: a. aggressiveness b. compliance-gaining c. personal idioms d. behavioral flexibility

a. aggressiveness

According to the textbook, first impressions Select one: a. are based on comparisons to ourselves. b. provide accuracy in our perceptions of others. c. involve group communication among different groups. d. occur independent of the communication context.

a. are based on comparisons to ourselves.

According to the textbook, first impressions a. are based on comparisons to ourselves. b. provide accuracy in our perceptions of others. c. involve group communication among different groups. d. occur independent of the communication context.

a. are based on comparisons to ourselves.

The tendency to fill in missing information to complete an otherwise incomplete figure or statement is called: a. closure b. proximity c. similarity d. verbal communication e. perception checking

a. closure

If I notice that Heng and Yolanda are often together and I "fill in" my inference that they are now lovers, then I am illustrating the concept of perception called Select one: a. closure. b. figure and ground. c. proximity. d. filtering.

a. closure.

Which term refers to communication between two people? Select one: a. dyadic communication b. intrapersonal communication c. small-group communication d. synthetic communication

a. dyadic communication

Which of the following activities does NOT occur in perception? a. exploration b. interpretation c. organization d. selection

a. exploration

Children with higher levels of language development are more likely to a. have more efficient working memory. b. have less efficient working memory. c. develop better hearing skills. d. develop less effective hearing skills.

a. have more efficient working memory.

According to William Schultz, three interpersonal needs that are satisfied through interaction with others are Select one: a. inclusion, affection, and control. b. physical well-being, safety, and security. c. inclusion, self-actualization, and socialization. d. esteem, affection, and control.

a. inclusion, affection, and control.

Upon walking into a crowded bar on a Friday night, Daniel begins to get uncomfortable because it is so crowded. There are many people very close to him and some even bumping into him as they pass. These people are in Daniel's Select one: a. intimate space. b. personal space. c. social space. d. public space.

a. intimate space.

Which of the following is the least public form of communication? Select one: a. intrapersonal b. interpersonal c. group d. organizational

a. intrapersonal

The phrases "This will be on your quiz Friday" and "The second type of listening is..." are examples of a. lecture cues. b. nonverbal cues. c. schema. d. ethical listening behaviors.

a. lecture cues.

Which of the following would NOT be an example of an identity factor that affects perception? Select one: a. mental distractions such as daydreaming b. a transgender identity c. a background in Roman Catholicism d. a woman who weighs ninety-seven pounds

a. mental distractions such as daydreaming

The idea that our past experiences lead us to see the world in a particular way that is difficult to change is called Select one: a. perceptual constancy. b. selective retention. c. cultural selection. d. stubbornness.

a. perceptual constancy.

The concept that suggests that your roommate is more likely to become your friend than a person ten blocks away is known as Select one: a. proximity. b. similarity. c. collaboration. d. familiarity.

a. proximity.

Which type of nonverbal communication occurs when you send the same message both verbally and nonverbally? Select one: a. repeating b. emphasizing c. complimenting d. substituting

a. repeating

Which type of nonverbal communication occurs when you send the same message both verbally and nonverbally? a. repeating b. emphasizing c. complimenting d. substituting

a. repeating

What type of culture is most likely to tolerate ambiguity, uncertainty, and diversity? Select one: a. uncertainty-accepting b. individualistic c. On-time d. Sometime

a. uncertainty-accepting

Which of the following is NOT an example of a cliché? Select one: a. "You only get out of it what you put in it." b. "Our country is more of a banquet than a melting pot." c. "The rich get richer and the poor get poorer." d. "No pain, no gain."

b. "Our country is more of a banquet than a melting pot."

At what age do people, on average, begin receiving specialized attention based on physical attractiveness? Select one: a. 1 year old b. 4 years old c. 7 years old d. 10 years old

b. 4 years old

At what age do people, on average, begin receiving specialized attention based on physical attractiveness? a. 1 year old b. 4 years old c. 7 years old d. 10 years old

b. 4 years old

Which of the following examples best depicts the denotative meaning of a word? Select one: a. Abortion is the murder of a fetus. b. Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy in the first trimester. c. Abortion is the last-ditch birth control. d. Abortion is the death of a human soul.

b. Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy in the first trimester.

Which of the following statements about active listening is FALSE? Select one: a. Active listening is "involved listening with a purpose." b. Active listening and empathic listening are exactly the same thing. c. Active listening is characterized by movement, change, and responsiveness on the part of the listener. d. Active listening implies feedback to the speaker.

b. Active listening and empathic listening are exactly the same thing.

Which of the following statements about active listening is FALSE? a. Active listening is "involved listening with a purpose." b. Active listening and empathic listening are exactly the same thing. c. Active listening is characterized by movement, change, and responsiveness on the part of the listener. d. Active listening implies feedback to the speaker.

b. Active listening and empathic listening are exactly the same thing.

Rosa and Mike are out on a date. During the course of conversation, Mike tells Rosa that his parents recently got divorced. After hearing this, Rosa feels compelled to tell Mike that her parents were divorced when she was very young. What factor affecting self-disclosure can be identified here? a. Disclosure might be avoided for a variety of reasons. b. Disclosure tends to be reciprocal. c. Disclosure helps build relationships. d. Relational satisfaction and disclosure are curvilinearly related.

b. Disclosure tends to be reciprocal.

Which culture fears silence rather than embracing it? Select one: a. Japanese b. European American c. Amish d. Native American

b. European American

Which of the following is an example of indexing? Select one: a. Fords get great gas mileage. b. My Shih Tzu chews on everything. Does yours do that as well? c. Everyone in the Midwest farms. d. All landlords are unhelpful.

b. My Shih Tzu chews on everything. Does yours do that as well?

Which of the following is an example of indexing? a. Fords get great gas mileage. b. My Shih Tzu chews on everything. Does yours do that as well? c. Everyone in the Midwest farms. d. All landlords are unhelpful.

b. My Shih Tzu chews on everything. Does yours do that as well?

Which of the following is a good example of a complementary relationship? Select one: a. She likes him a lot, but he doesn't think much of her. b. She is shy, and he likes to speak for both of them. c. She and he are both good at math, so together they do the family budget. d. She and he like food, so they both enjoy every meal.

b. She is shy, and he likes to speak for both of them.

Which statement about stereotyping is true? Select one: a. Stereotyping occurs when we have had a long time to form an informed opinion about someone. b. Some stereotypes are positive. c. Our stereotypes of people from different groups are often positive. d. We try to find similarities between ourselves and the people we stereotype.

b. Some stereotypes are positive.

Which statement about stereotyping is true? a. Stereotyping occurs when we have had a long time to form an informed opinion about someone. b. Some stereotypes are positive. c. Our stereotypes of people from different groups are often positive. d. We try to find similarities between ourselves and the people we stereotype.

b. Some stereotypes are positive.

Which of the following is an example of hearing rather than listening? a. He heard what she said and responded with an appropriate answer. b. The sound of firecrackers filled the nighttime air. c. He heard the sound outside and decided that the noise must have been a car accident. d. She heard his cry for help and reacted by immediately calling the rescue squad.

b. The sound of firecrackers filled the nighttime air.

Which of the following would be the reason an individual looking at a class picture might see his or her own face first? Select one: a. because of its proximity to the other faces b. because it is figure and the rest of the class is ground c. because it is the image that allows closure d. because it is ground and the rest of the class is figure

b. because it is figure and the rest of the class is ground

"The ability to alter behavior in order to adapt to new situations and to relate in new ways when necessary" is a definition of Select one: a. androgyny. b. behavioral flexibility. c. passages. d. complementary relationships.

b. behavioral flexibility.

The "systematic arrangement of symbols to create meaning in the mind of another" is known as a. feedback. b. code. c. meaning. d. context.

b. code.

Iakopa is good at writing and understanding literature; Marian is a whiz at math and statistics; together they make a great pair. The concept of friendship illustrated here is Select one: a. symmetry. b. complementarity. c. responsiveness. d. proximity.

b. complementarity.

College students spend approximately what proportion of their time listening to others and the mass media? a. 50 percent b. 25 percent c. 75 percent d. 65 percent

a. 50 percent

Which of the following statements about touch is FALSE? Select one: a. Men value touch more than women do. b. Fathers touch sons less than mothers do. c. Female students are touched more than male students. d. Female children are touched more than male children.

a. Men value touch more than women do.

Dialogic communication is best described as Select one: a. persuasion. b. discussion. c. transmission. d. failure.

b. discussion.

A person who gets so involved in the particulars that she misses the main point is demonstrating an example of a a. semantic distraction. b. factual distraction. c. mental distraction. d. physical distraction.

b. factual distraction.

In which stage of how friends develop do people determine that they have mutual interests or other common ground? Select one: a. role-limited interaction b. friendly relations c. nascent friendship d. stabilized friendship

b. friendly relations

"You need to remember this because it will be on the quiz." What type of lecture cue is this statement? Select one: a. semantic b. importance c. nonverbal d. organizational

b. importance

If Anu was unable to control his communication in a way that presented an "idealized" version of himself, he would be lacking in a. self-accrual. b. impression management. c. interaction control. d. symbolic portrayal.

b. impression management.

Saying "uh huh" to indicate you understand is using what is classified as a Select one: a. verbal code. b. nonverbal code. c. language code. d. linguistic code.

b. nonverbal code.

The same bottom-feeding fish known as bullheads in Minnesota are called catfish in Ohio. This language phenomenon is classified as Select one: a. slang. b. regionalism. c. euphemism. d. colloquialism.

b. regionalism.

Paraphrasing is the act of Select one: a. repeating what you think you heard. b. repeating what you think you heard in your own words. c. reporting what you think you heard in the same words you think you heard. d. responding to what you think you heard with a creative interpretation of what you think you heard.

b. repeating what you think you heard in your own words.

Dante was walking across campus in a hurry. On the way he saw his friend Aarav, who he hadn't seen in quite some time. Dante stopped and told Aarav his cell phone number and told him to call him later. Just a few seconds after Dante left, Aarav already had forgotten the number. This would be because the information only went as far as Aarav's Select one: a. schema. b. short-term memory. c. long-term memory. d. automatic attention.

b. short-term memory.

Dante was walking across campus in a hurry. On the way he saw his friend Aarav, who he hadn't seen in quite some time. Dante stopped and told Aarav his cell phone number and told him to call him later. Just a few seconds after Dante left, Aarav already had forgotten the number. This would be because the information only went as far as Aarav's a. schema. b. short-term memory. c. long-term memory. d. automatic attention.

b. short-term memory.

The opposite of defensive communication is Select one: a. descriptive communication. b. supportive communication. c. provisional communication. d. neutral communication.

b. supportive communication.

Rashi and Anita marry because they are of the same cultural background. This is most likely what type of relationship? Select one: a. asymmetrical b. symmetrical c. co-cultural d. ethnocentric

b. symmetrical

As he drove out of the driveway, he saw his wife waving but did not realize that she wanted him to stop to avoid running over the tricycle. He thought she was just waving good-bye. The problem in this nonverbal episode is that we a. use a variety of cues to communicate the same meaning. b. use the same cue to communicate a variety of meanings. c. have a one-to-one relationship between signal and meaning, so that one cue has one meaning. d. have many ways to say good-bye, including handshakes, hugging, and waving.

b. use the same cue to communicate a variety of meanings.

Which of the following terms is NOT part of the definition of communication? a. process b. signs c. meaning d. messages

b.Signs

Which of the following is an example of a physical distraction to listening? a. "I didn't know what he said because I was so worried about what the kids were doing in my absence." b. "Are you kidding? All I could think about was my vacation that starts tomorrow." c. "The two people talking in the row ahead of me kept me from catching very much of his lecture." d. "I could not pay attention to anything she said after she mentioned feminist theory."

c. "The two people talking in the row ahead of me kept me from catching very much of his lecture."

Which of the following is NOT a strategy for improving intercultural communication? Select one: a. Practice supportive communication and avoid defensive communication. b. Avoid stereotyping and hasty generalizations. c. Adopt an ethnocentric perspective. d. Practice personal self-assessment.

c. Adopt an ethnocentric perspective.

Which statement below is NOT an example of ethnocentrism? Select one: a. If the Japanese would just shake hands like we do—instead of bowing—we would get along better. b. Don't you wish everyone in the world would use deodorant and perfume as Americans do? c. American workers get higher pay for less work than most people in the world. d. Americans have developed the best civilized society in history.

c. American workers get higher pay for less work than most people in the world.

Which of the following statements is descriptive as opposed to evaluative? Select one: a. That test was the toughest torture I've experienced. b. The test made my hair stand on end. c. I counted twenty questions of which I was uncertain. d. I think I flunked the test because it was unfair.

c. I counted twenty questions of which I was uncertain.

What is one strategy for appropriate self-disclosure in interpersonal relationships? Select one: a. Gradually decrease disclosure as your relationship develops. b. Disclose all information, even if it might cause you personal harm. c. Reveal information to others as they reveal information to you. d. Remember that disclosure is the same across all cultures.

c. Reveal information to others as they reveal information to you.

Which of the following is an inference? a. I see that road is narrow and curvy. b. There is no shoulder, and there is no centerline. c. The road appears dangerous for ordinary travel. d. The trees grow close to the road, thus reducing light.

c. The road appears dangerous for ordinary travel.

Which of the following best typifies the meaning of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? a. The thought is the father to the deed. b. If you can't say it, you can't think it. c. Your language shapes your perception. d. Your perceptions shape your language

c. Your language shapes your perception.

Personal identity is: a. a message designed to strategically induce change in an audience b. the advertiser's message of persuading an audience with fast-paced and dazzling visualization of product c. a perception of what makes an individual unique with regard to various personality characteristics, interests and values. d. a web of contacts and relationships that can help you gain job leads and can provide job referrals e. a group of people excluded from another group with a higher status

c. a perception of what makes an individual unique with regard to various personality characteristics, interests and values.

Tinnitus is something that would be most likely to affect your a. nonverbal gestures. b. listening. c. hearing. d. speaking.

c. hearing.

Three basic interpersonal needs that are satisfied through interaction with others, according to psychologist William Schutz, are: Select one: a. wants, needs and perceptions b. analysis, reasoning and assessment c. need for inclusion, affection and control d. assessment, control and analysis e. control, evaluation and assessment

c. need for inclusion, affection and control

Three basic interpersonal needs that are satisfied through interaction with others, according to psychologist William Schutz, are: a. wants, needs and perceptions b. analysis, reasoning and assessment c. need for inclusion, affection and control d. assessment, control and analysis e. control, evaluation and assessment

c. need for inclusion, affection and control

When you do not listen well because you are daydreaming, it is because of Select one: a. encoding. b. semantic distractions. c. noise. d. channeling.

c. noise.

Which of the following findings is true of the relationship between dress and personality? Select one: a. People who dress with comfort in mind tend to be low in self-control and introverted. b. People who dress in a decorative style tend to be unsociable and intellectual. c. People who are conformist in dress are expressive, dominant, and unrestrained in social situations. d. People who conform to current styles seek to be accepted and liked.

d. People who conform to current styles seek to be accepted and liked.

Which of the following findings is true of the relationship between dress and personality? a. People who dress with comfort in mind tend to be low in self-control and introverted. b. People who dress in a decorative style tend to be unsociable and intellectual. c. People who are conformist in dress are expressive, dominant, and unrestrained in social situations. d. People who conform to current styles seek to be accepted and liked.

d. People who conform to current styles seek to be accepted and liked.

A distance of 10 feet between two people talking is what Edward T. Hall referred to as Select one: a. intimate distance. b. personal distance. c. social distance. d. public distance.

c. social distance.

A distance of 10 feet between two people talking is what Edward T. Hall referred to as a. intimate distance. b. personal distance. c. social distance. d. public distance.

c. social distance.

The process of development of the self through the messages and feedback received from others is called: Select one: a. perception b. perception checking c. symbolic interactionism d. personal identity e. first impression

c. symbolic interactionism

Which statement about nonverbal use of space is FALSE? Select one: a. Strangely enough, people tend to stand close together in a large space like an auditorium. b. Strangely enough, people tend to stay farther apart in small places like elevators. c. Middle-class suburbanites in the United States tend to have open backyards, but people in Latin America tend to have walls. d. Americans tend to stand much closer to each other than do people from most other countries.

d. Americans tend to stand much closer to each other than do people from most other countries.

All of the following are examples of individualistic cultures EXCEPT Select one: a. the United States. b. Australia. c. Canada. d. China.

d. China.

Which of the following is true about men's listening behaviors as compared to women's listening behaviors? Select one: a. Women interrupt more often. b. Men like more complex information that requires careful evaluation. c. Women like short, concise communication. d. Men listen in order to take action and solve problems.

d. Men listen in order to take action and solve problems.

Which of the following is true about men's listening behaviors as compared to women's listening behaviors? a. Women interrupt more often. b. Men like more complex information that requires careful evaluation. c. Women like short, concise communication. d. Men listen in order to take action and solve problems.

d. Men listen in order to take action and solve problems.

Which of the following is essential to demonstrating active listening? Select one: a. Lean back in your chair. b. Keep a tense body posture. c. Sit without crossing your arms or legs. d. Sit or stand so you are directly facing the speaker.

d. Sit or stand so you are directly facing the speaker.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about slang and jargon? a. Jargon is likely to be used by technical/professional people. b. Slang is likely to be used in the neighborhood and on the streets. c. Jargon is most likely to be used in the workplace. d. Slang is not understood or used by most people.

d. Slang is not understood or used by most people.

Which of the following statements about language is FALSE? a. Words only have meanings that people give them. b. Words also have connotative meanings. c. The context in which a word occurs helps us determine which of the possible meanings is intended. d. The meaning of a word does not change once it is included in the dictionary.

d. The meaning of a word does not change once it is included in the dictionary.

Nonverbal codes: a. consist of symbols and their grammatical arrangement. b. are a systematic arrangement of symbols used to create meanings in the mind of another person or persons. c. are all symbols that are not words, including bodily movements, the use of space and time, and sounds other than words. d. are any interference in the encoding and decoding processes that reduces the clarity of a message. e. are the location where communication takes place.

c. are all symbols that are not words, including bodily movements, the use of space and time, and sounds other than words.

Carmella and Jésus are sitting in a coffee shop having a friendly conversation. What descriptor of their communication interaction is most accurate? Select one: a. group communication b. intrapersonal communication c. dyadic communication d. linguistic communication

c. dyadic communication

Carmella and Jésus are sitting in a coffee shop having a friendly conversation. What descriptor of their communication interaction is most accurate? a. group communication b. intrapersonal communication c. dyadic communication d. linguistic communication

c. dyadic communication

Empathic listening differs from active listening in that Select one: a. active listening is one kind of empathic listening. b. active and empathic listening are both purposeful. c. empathic listening adds the goal of understanding. d. empathic listening invites more feedback.

c. empathic listening adds the goal of understanding.

Relationships in which the two people are not romantically involved but have a sexual relationship are called Select one: a. nascent friends. b. stabilized friendships. c. friends with benefits. d. diminished friendships.

c. friends with benefits.

When engaging in critical listening, one challenges the speaker's message by evaluating its: a. nonverbal appeal, verbal appeal, engagement b. clarity, nonverbal appeal, verbal appeal c. trustworthiness, credibility, message appeal d. accuracy, meaningfulness, and utility e. verbal appeal, insight, credibility

d. accuracy, meaningfulness, and utility

If someone in a marginalized group tries to fit in with the dominant group, he or she is striving for what goal of intercultural communication? Select one: a. accommodation b. separation c. reflexivity d. assimilation

d. assimilation

Which of the following is a limitation of short-term memory? Select one: a. automatic attention b. inability to access schema c. lack of stimulus cues from working memory d. can only hold five to nine "bits" of information on average

d. can only hold five to nine "bits" of information on average

Which of the following is a limitation of short-term memory? a. automatic attention b. inability to access schema c. lack of stimulus cues from working memory d. can only hold five to nine "bits" of information on average

d. can only hold five to nine "bits" of information on average

Which of the following body movements would most likely be used to indicate liking? Select one: a. spontaneous gestures b. less eye contact c. rigid posture d. close proximity

d. close proximity

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a collectivist culture? Select one: a. high value placed on commitment to family b. tendency of individuals to be loyal to their community c. higher value placed on cooperation d. high levels of divorce

d. high levels of divorce

Technical language that has been developed by a professional group is known as Select one: a. irony. b. paraphrase. c. colloquialisms. d. jargon.

d. jargon.

The accumulation of various types of mass communication (radio, television, newspapers, Internet, etc.) into one medium is called a. technological convergence. b. organizational convergence. c. inherent convergence. d. media convergence.

d. media convergence

Which association is NOT part of the textbook definition of interpersonal relationships? a. one between two or more people who are interdependent b. one between two or more people who have interacted for some period of time c. one between two or more people who use some consistent patterns of interaction d. one between two or more people who exhibit affection toward each other

d. one between two or more people who exhibit affection toward each other

Which of the following is NOT cited in the book as one of the three reasons differences in perception occur? Select one: a. identity factors b. past experience c. present feelings and circumstances d. present eating habits

d. present eating habits

Which of the following are NOT paralinguistic features? a. pitch, rate, and inflection b. volume, voice quality, and silence c. pronunciation, enunciation, and articulation d. sounds with meaning and words without meaning

d. sounds with meaning and words without meaning

A skill in critical listening which you perceive the speaker as competent and trustworthy is referred to as: Select one: a. second-person observation b. first-person observation c. source perception d. source credibility e. verbal reasoning

d. source credibility

The term that refers to the arrangement of words is Select one: a. grammar. b. code. c. encoding. d. syntax.

d. syntax.

The term that refers to the arrangement of words is a. grammar. b. code. c. encoding. d. syntax.

d. syntax.

Understanding what aspects of communication will make a significant difference in your life and in the lives of people from around the world? a. historical elements b. communication habits c. traditional communication elements d. theory, research, and application e. nonverbal communication

d. theory, research, and application

Public communication is best defined as: a. the process of using messages to generate meanings in a mediated system, between a source and a large number of unseen receivers. b. the process of using messages to generate meaning in a small group of people. c. the process of using messages to generate meanings in a situation in which a speaker transmits a message to a number of receivers. d. two-person communication e. the process of using messages to generate meaning between at least two people in a situation that allows mutual opportunities for both speaking and listening.

c. the process of using messages to generate meanings in a situation in which a speaker transmits a message to a number of receivers.