IP Static and Dynamic Routing

Which IPv4 static route statement is true? o The destination network is identified using the network address and wildcard mask o The *distance* keyword is used to create a fully specified static route. o The source network is identified using the network address and wildcard mask. o Using the exit interface only is common in a point-to-point configuration.

Using the exit interface only is common in a point-to-point configuration

what are the primary uses of static routes?

- ease of routing table maintenance in smaller networks - routing to a from a stub network - accessing a single default route

what are the disadvantages of dynamic routing?

- more complex to implement - less secure - route depends on current topology - requires additional CPU, RAM, and link bandwidth

What are the disadvantages of static routing?

- not easy to implement in large networks - managing can be time consuming - static route cannot reroute traffic if a link fails

T/F Link local addresses are contained in ab IPv6 routing table

FALSE

If an IPv6 static route uses link-local address as it's next hop, what type of address must be used?

fully specified static route

What is the purpose of dynamic routing protocols?

- Discovery of remote networks - Maintaining up-to-date routing information - Choosing the best path to destination networks - Ability to find a new best path if the current path is no longer available

What are types of ultimate routes?

- directly connected - dynamically learned - local routes

What are the primary uses of dynamic routing protocols?

- suitable in all topologies where multiple routers are required - generally independent of the network size - auto adapts topology to reroute traffic if possible

What network address and subnet mask combination would be used to create a default static route that matches any IPv4 destination? 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0

0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0

What is the IPv4 default static route?

0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 aka quad zero route

What is the default administrative distract?

1 (one) EIGRP = 90 OSPF = 110 IS-IS = 115

What are 3 ways a host route can be added?

1. auto installation when the IP address is configured on the router 2. configured as a static host route 3. host route is automatically obtained through other methods

what is the IPv6 default static route?

::/0

What is a default route?

A static route that matches all packets and will be used when no other routes in the routing table match the destination IP of the packet gateway of last resort

Components of directly connected entries: C 172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

C: how network was learned by the router 172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected: destination network and how it's connected GigabitEthernet0/0: interface on the router connected to the destination network

What are the 3 main components of dynamic routing protocols?

Data structures Routing protocol messages algorithm

What is the purpose of a floating static route?

It allows an alternate connection to be used when the preferred link fails

What 2 protocols were created to address the needs of larger networks?

OSPF and IS-IS Cisco developed IGRP and EIGRP

Components of a remote network entry: R 172.16.4.0/28 [120/2] via 209.165.200.226 00:00:12 Serial0/0/0

R - route source 172.16.4.0/28 - destination network 120 - administrative distance 2 - metric 209.165.200.226 - next-hop 00:00:12 - route timestamp Serial0/0/0 - outgoing interface

Which IPv6 static route would serve as a backup route to a dynamic route learned through OSPF? o Router1(config)# ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:1::/32 2001:db8:acad:6::2 200 o Router1(config)# ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:1::/32 2001:db8:acad:6::2 100 o Router1(config)# ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:1::/32 2001:db8:acad:6::100 o Router1(config)# ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:1::/32 gigabitehernet0/0 2001:db8:acad:6::100 100

Router1(config)# ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:1::/32 2001:db8:acad:6::2 200

What is an ultimate route?

Routing table entry that contains either a next hop IPv4 or an exit interface

What are the codes for remote networks?

S - static route D - dynamic route VIA EIGRP O - dynamic route VIA OSPF R - dynamic route VIA RIP

A network administrator is configuring a route to forward packets to a specific web server. What type of route should be configured by the administrator? o a static route with an AD higher than 1 o a host route o an ospf route o an eigrp route o a default route

a host route

What is a parent route?

a level 1 network route that is subnetted A PARENT ROUTE CAN NEVER BE AN ULTIMATE ROUTE

if the exit interface is an ethernet network, what should the static route include?

a next hop address

What is a level 1 route?

a route with a subnet mask equal to or less than the classful mask of the network address

What type of static route is created when the next-hop IP address and exit interface are specified? o recursive static route o directly connected static route o floating static route o fully specified static route

fully specified static route

Which type of static route that is configured on a router uses only the exit interface? o default static route o directly connected static route o fully specified static route o recursive static route

directly connected static route

Which type of static route typically uses the distance parameter in the ip route global configuration command? o summary static route o floating static route o default static route o standard static route

floating static route

What command do you use to enable RIPv2?

in global config mode: router rip version 2

How do you enable rip routing for a network

in global configuration mode: router rip network [network id]

What is the correct syntax of a floating static route? o ip route 172.16.0.0 255.248.0.0 10.0.0.1 o ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/0/0 o ip route 209.165.200.228 255.255.255.248 serial 0/0/0 o ip route 209.165.200.228 255.255.255.248 10.0.0.1 120

ip route 209.165.200.228 255.255.255.248 10.0.0.1 120

Which static route statement shows a recursive IPv6 static route? ipv6 route 0::/0 S0/0/0 254 ipv6 route 2001:db8:cafe:1::/56 S0/0/0 2001:db8:1000:10::1 ipv6 route 2001:db8:cafe:1::/56 S0/0/0 ipv6 route 2001:db8:cafe:1::/56 2001:db8:1000:10::1 ipv6 route 0::/0 S0/0/0

ipv6 route 2001:db8:cafe:1::/56 2001:db8:1000:10::1

Which command would create a valid IPv6 default route? o ipv6 route ::/0 fe80::1 o ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:acad:2::a o ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:1::/64 ::1 o ipv6 route ::/128 2001:db8:acad:1::1

ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:acad:2::a

What is the next hop route?

only the next hop IP address is specified

what is a directly connected static route?

only the router exit interface is specified

What must be configured to enable the router to forward all ipv6 packets?

ipv6 unicast routing

What is a characteristic of a default static route? ​

it identifies the gateway IP address to which the router sends all IP packets for which it does not have a learned or static route

What is a floating static route?

it is used to provide a backup path to a primary static/dynamic route in the event of a link failure

What are the different types of level 1 routes?

network route: has a subnet mask equal to that of the classful mask supernet route: network address with a mask LESS than the classful mask default route: static route with 0.0.0.0/0 address

Which 2 methods can be used to identify the next hop in a static route? (Choose two) o destination interface o next hop IP address o destination network address o exit interface o source IP address

next hop IP address, exit interface

What command, or set of commands, would be used to determine if the following configuration on router HQ works as designed? ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/0/0 10 ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/1/0 o HQ# traceroute 128.107.0.99 o HQ# ping 128.107.0.99 HQ# ping 64.100.0.5 o HQ(config)# interface serial 0/1/0 HQ(config-if)# shutdown HQ(config-if)# end HQ# show ip route o HQ# show ip route o HQ# show ip interface brief

o HQ(config)# interface serial 0/1/0 HQ(config-if)# shutdown HQ(config-if)# end HQ# show ip route

In a point to point serial network, how many other devices are on that network?

one

What is a level 2 child route?

route that is a subnet of a classful network address?

What is the primary benefit of dynamic routing protocols?

routers exchange information when there is a topology change

What command do you use to verify RIP routing?

show ip protocols

What are commands used to verify static routes?

show ip route, show ipv6 route, ping, traceroute, show ip route static, show ip route [network address], show running-config | section ip route

What are the 4 types of static routes?

standard default floating summary

A network administrator uses the command ip route 172.18.0.0 255.255.0.0 S0/0/1 to configure a floating static route on a router. That route will function as a backup route to reach the EIGRP learned network 172.18.0.0/16. After this configuration, the EIGRP route is removed from the routing table even though EIGRP is still functioning properly. Why is the static route not functioning as intended?

the administrative distance value is not high enough on the static route

what is a fully specified static route?

the next hop IP address and exit interface are specified

Why would a floating static route be configured with an administrative distance that is higher than the administrative distance of a dynamic routing protocol that is running on the same router? o to be the priority route in the routing table o to load-balance the traffic o to be used as a backup route o to act as a gateway of last resort

to be used as a backup route

A network administrator configures a router by the command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 209.165.200.226. What is the purpose of this command? o to add dynamic route for the destination network 0.0.0.0 to the routing table o to provide a route to forward packets for which there is no route in the routing table o to forward a route to forward packets for which there is no route in the routing table o to forward packets destined for the network 0.0.0.0 to the device with the IP address 209.165.200.226

to provide a route to forward packets for which there is no route in the routing table

What are routing protocols?

used to facilitate the exchange of info between routers a set of processes, algorithms, and messages used to exchange routing info and populate the routing table with routing protocol's choice of best paths

How is the destination network in an IPv6 static route identified? o using an IPv6 prefix and prefix length o using an IPv6 prefix and subnet mask o using an IPv6 prefix and wildcard mask o using an IPv6 prefix only

using an IPv6 prefix and prefix length

When should a full specified static route be used?

when the exit interface is a multiaccess interface - its necessary to explicitly identify the next hop

How is a floating static route configured?

with a higher administrative distance than the primary route