IS 425 All Quizzes
Describes software systems only.
A Group Support System is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
stand-alone robot
A hospital robot that delivers medication and tracks if the medication has been taken is an example of what type of robot category?
justifier/explanation.
A less common subsystem of an expert system that shows users of rule-based systems the chains of rules used to arrive at conclusions is called:
True
A new job category has emerged to study the interactions between a robot and its coworkers and customers and to retrain the robot or take this information into account in designing the next generation.
supplementary robot
A robot prosthetic arm is an example of what type of robot category?
True
AI machines have demonstrated superiority over humans in playing complex games such as chess.
in-memory analytics
Allowing Big Data to be processed in memory and distributed across a dedicated set of nodes can solve complex problems in near-real time with highly accurate insights. What is this process called?
False
An advantage of simulation is that it allows model builders to solve problems with minimal interaction with users or managers.
decision tree.
An alternative representation of the decision table is a:
stand-alone robot
An iRobot Roomba is an example of what type of robot category?
False
Another name for result variables is independent variables.
constitutional law
As it relates to robots and AI, what type of issue is concern over automated enforcement of laws?
False
As robo advisors matured, it became clear that sometimes they could do an effective job by themselves.
False
As the use of AI grows, the demand for coders in this area will paradoxically shrink.
required to have error tolerance set in advance.
Backpropagation learning algorithms for neural networks are:
True
Because of their complexity, it is more difficult to understand the inner structure of model ensembles (how they do what they do) than individual models.
simulation
Because real decision-making situations involve some randomness and deal with semistructured or unstructured situations it can be said that "reality is complex." What type of decision support method is often successfully employed under these conditions?
the processing power needed for the centralized model would overload a single computer.
Big Data often involves a form of distributed storage and processing using Hadoop and MapReduce. One reason for this is:
True
Big Data technologies typically employ nonrelational data storage capabilities to process unstructured and semistructured data.
False
CNNs are only applicable to image data sets.
True
Chatbots allow rapid growth of service operations without the need to hire and train many customer service employees.
True
Chatbots and similar AI machines have been improved over time.
True
Cloud computing originates from a reference to the Internet as a "cloud" and is a combination of several information technology components as services.
False
Compared to the human brain, artificial neural networks have many more neurons.
True
Convolution layers are often followed by a pooling layer.
True
Current use of sentiment analysis in voice of the customer applications allows companies to change their products or services in real time in response to customer sentiment.
False
Data mining can be very useful in detecting patterns such as credit card fraud, but is of little help in improving sales.
False
Data mining requires specialized data analysts to ask ad hoc questions and obtain answers quickly from the system.
True
Data-as-a-service began with the notion that data quality could happen in a centralized place, cleansing and enriching data and offering it to different systems, applications, or users, irrespective of where they were in the organization, computers, or on the network.
True
Decision making is one of the most important activities in organizations of all kind- probably the most important one.
problems with a single goal
Decision trees are best suited to solve what types of problems?
True
Decision trees are most appropriate for categorical data and interval data
False
Deep neural networks are referred to as "deep" because they are primarily used to evaluate significant philosophical issues.
False
Detecting lies from text transcripts of conversations is a future goal of text mining as current systems achieve only 50% accuracy of detection.
False
During information extraction, entity recognition (the recognition of names of people and organizations) takes place after relationship extraction.
Data Cleaning
Eliminating duplicate data is typically a part of which data preprocessing step?
False
Ensemble models can be quickly characterized based on their use of a bagging or boosting method type.
for as long as the behavior of the domain stays the same
For how long do SVM models continue to be accurate and actionable?
True
For low latency, interactive reports, a data warehouse is preferable to Hadoop.
consumer-oriented geospatial static approach
GPS Navigation is an example of which kind of location-based analytics?
graphics processing unit
GPU hardware is often used for deep neural networks. What does GPU stand for?
True
Hadoop was designed to handle petabytes and extabytes of data distributed over multiple nodes in parallel.
two or more of the same type of models.
Homogeneous-type ensembles combine the outcomes of:
It breaks up Big Data into multiple parts so each part can be processed and analyzed at the same time on multiple computers.
How does Hadoop work?
It is identified and removed as facts are not sentiment.
How is objectivity handled in sentiment analysis?
insurance
Identifying and preventing incorrect claim payments and fraudulent activities falls under which type of data mining applications?
False
If a human is directly remote controlling a machine, it is no longer considered a robot.
True
If linear programming can be successfully applied a problem, the output is usually optimal.
True
If using a mining analogy, "knowledge mining" would be a more appropriate term than "data mining."
association rule mining.
In data mining, finding an affinity of two products to be commonly together in a shopping cart is known as:
the best possible outcome of each alternative will occur.
In handling uncertainty in decision modeling, the optimistic approach assumes:
It assumes the worst possible outcome of each alternative will occur and then selects the best of them.
In handling uncertainty in decision modeling, what does the pessimistic approach do?
regulatory
In relation to autonomous cars, concerns about liability are examples of which type of challenge?
environmental
In relation to autonomous cars, concerns about performance in bad weather is an example of which type of challenge?
True
In sentiment analysis, it is hard to classify some subjects such as news as good or bad, but easier to classify others, e.g., movie reviews, in the same way.
False
In sentiment analysis, sentiment suggests a transient, temporary opinion reflective of one's feelings.
True
In supervised learning techniques, such as backpropagation, the training data consist of vector pairs—an input vector and a target vector.
a catalog of words, their synonyms, and their meanings
In text analysis, what is a lexicon?
True
In text mining, inputs to the process include unstructured data such as Word documents, PDF files, text excerpts, e-mail and XML files.
reducing multiple words to their base or root.
In text mining, stemming is the process of:
categorizing a block of text in a sentence.
In text mining, tokenizing is the process of:
True
In the Miami-Dade Police Department case, the department chose to start small and grow big in order to demonstrate success with data mining.
False
In the Sephora case, the company found that the use of chat bots was off-putting to potential customers.
Target's analytic model suggested she was pregnant based on her buying habits.
In the Target case study, why did Target send a teen maternity ads?
financial control
In the classic decision support framework, types of control are broken apart into all except one of the following categories.
patient monitoring.
In the health sciences, the largest potential source of Big Data comes from:
True
In the opening case, one of the robots used had the appearance of a child's teddy bear.
estimating the future using the past
In the opening vignette, predictive modeling is described as:
True
In the terrorist funding case study, predictive analytics helped to identify abnormal transfer prices on exports.
emotional understanding
In which area below does AI not have an advantage over human?
constructing the simulation model
In which stage of the simulation methodology do you determine the variables and gather data?
True
Intelligent agents are effective tools for overcoming the most critical burden of the Internet information overload and making computers more viable decision support tools.
False
Intelligent technologies are limited to small-scale projects when they include AI combined with IoT.
False
Internet- and intranet-based group decision support systems (GDSS) are less popular than special-purpose decision rooms.
2.6 million
It is estimated that by 2019, there will be close to how many significant robots?
image recognition
LSTM networks are typically not used for what type of data?
False
Less than 50% of human communication is nonverbal.
mathematical programming methods.
Linear programming belongs to a family of tools called:
True
Linear programming seeks to optimally allocate resources among competing activities and is likely the best-known optimization model.
True
Many analytics tools are too complex for the average user, and this is one justification for Big Data.
True
MapReduce can be easily understood by skilled programmers due to its procedural nature
classification and clustering methods.
Models can be built with the help of human knowledge and expertise. Another source of help in building these models is:
False
Most of the existing AI applications, which are between assisted and autonomous, are referred to as directed intelligence.
False
Natural language processing (NLP) is an important component of text mining and is a subfield of computational linguistics but not artificial intelligence.
True
Neural networks represent a brain metaphor for information processing. These models are biologically inspired rather than an exact replica of how the brain actually functions.
intelligence
Organization objectives comes in what stage of the decision-making process?
It gives developers insight into Web user behavior.
PageRank for Webpages is useful to Web developers for which of the following reasons?
False
People believing that an autonomous car cannot keep them safe is an example of a regulatory challenge.
regressions
Prediction problems where the variables have numeric values are most accurately defined as:
determine what is likely to happen in the future
Predictive analytics aims to:
large, annotated data sets
Real applications of deep learning in general and CNN's in particular highly depend on the availability of:
True
Recommendation systems are very common and are used in many areas.
Data Reduction
Reducing a data set's volume can be a portion of which data preprocessing step?
most users are not interested in searching the entire Web.
Search engines do not search the entire Web every time a user makes a search request, for all the following reasons EXCEPT:
choice
Sensitivity analysis comes in what stage of the decision-making process?
cause-and-effect relationships
Sensitivity analysis is a method for extracting the what among the inputs and the outputs of a trained neural network model?
it improves the mathematical optimality of the generated solutions.
Sensitivity analysis is important in management support systems for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
True
Sensitivity analysis seeks to assess the impact of changes in the input data and parameters on the proposed solution.
design
Setting the criteria for a choice comes in what stage of the decision-making process?
False
Social collaboration is usually done on email.
False
Statistics and data mining both look for data sets that are as large as possible.
False
Structured problems are encountered in only unique situations.
their superior predictive power and their theoretical foundation.
Support vector machines are a popular machine learning technique primarily because of:
algorithms
Swarm AI (or AI swarm) provides what one needed component for the interconnections among people creating the human swarm?
True
Taking a decision under risk is different from taking the decision under uncertainty.
False
Text analytics is the subset of text mining that handles information retrieval and extraction, plus data mining.
False
The Garner Test is a well-known attempt to measure the intelligence level of AI machines.
False
The Spyce robot automates the cooking of food, but orders are still taken by humans.
True
The ability to converse in different languages is a benefit to the use of chat bots.
significant development
The analytics layer of the Big Data stack is experiencing what type of development currently?
True
The bag-of-words model is appropriate for spam detection but not for text analytics.
Betterment
The company that led the implementation of robo advisors was:
nominal data.
The data field "ethnic group" can be best described as:
artificial neural networks.
The data mining algorithm type used for classification somewhat resembling the biological neural networks in the human brain is:
False
The entire focus of the predictive analytics system in the Visa case was on detecting and handling fraudulent charges for the company's benefit.
True
The goal of collaborative workflow tools is to empower knowledge workers
True
The heart of an autonomous vehicle system is a laser rangefinder.
False
The k-nearest neighbor algorithm is overly complex when compared to artificial neural networks and support vector machines.
regarded as a "lazy" learning method.
The k-nearest neighbor machine learning algorithm ( kNN) is:
True
The members of a group can be in one place, meeting face-to-face, or they can be a virtual team.
True
The overarching goal for both text analytics and text mining is to turn unstructured textual data into actionable information through the application of natural language processing (NLP) and analytics.
simple bagging
The random forest (RF) model is a modification to what algorithm?
False
The term swarm intelligence refers to the collective behavior of centralized, intentionally organized systems.
False
The use of chat bots requires companies to utilize a large team of customer service professionals
True
The use of chatbots in HRM is increasing rapidly. Their ability to provide current information to employees anytime is a major reason.
True
The use of hidden layers and new topologies and algorithms renewed waning interest in neural networks.
False
The use of simulation models is desirable because they can usually be solved in one pass, without incurring the time and cost of iterations.
ordinal data
These contain codes assigned to objects or events as labels that also represent the rank order among them.
nominal data
These contain measurements of simple codes assigned to objects as labels, which are not measurements.
linearity
This assumption in a regression analysis states that the relationship between the response variable and the explanatory variables is linear.
Gantt chart
This figure portrays project timelines, project tasks/activity durations, and overlap among the tasks/activities.
analysis
This layer of dashboard information provides summarized dimensional data.
collaborative filtering
This method builds a model that summarizes the past behavior of shoppers, how they surf the Internet, what they were looking for, what they have purchased, and how much they like (rate) the products.
virtual personal assistant
This software agent helps people improve their work, assist in decision making, and facilitate their lifestyle.
content-based filtering
This technique allows vendors to identify preferences by the attributes of the product(s) that customers have bought or intend to buy.
dashboard report
This type of report may include color-coded traffic lights for different performance levels.
True
Time compression in a simulation allows managers some feel as to the long-term effects of many policies.
True
To assist in meeting preparation, AI is used to find a convenient time for meetings to take place. AI can assist in scheduling meetings so that all can participate.
False
To assist in predictions, natural language processing (NLP) can be used to sort ideas and organize them for improved evaluation.
data currency
To satisfy this requirement, data is recorded at or near the time of the event or observation so that the time delay—related misrepresentation is minimized.
the variety and complexity of data.
Traditional data warehouses have not been able to keep up with:
True
Unlike other "black box" predictive models, support vector machines have a solid mathematical foundation in statistical learning theory.
False
Unstructured problems can be fully supported by standard computerized quantitative methods.
an increasingly challenging task for today's enterprises.
Using data to understand customers/clients and business operations to sustain and foster growth and profitability is:
False
Using support vector machines, you must normalize the data before you numericize it.
True
VPAs are basically extensions of intelligent software agents that interact with people.
same time, different place
Videoconferencing is an example of what kind of groupware?
False
Web-based e-mail such as Google's Gmail are not examples of cloud computing.
parameter sharing
What concept do CNN's use to avoid large numbers of weight parameters being defined and trained?
They examine customer sentiment at the aggregate level.
What do voice of the market (VOM) applications of sentiment analysis do?
analyzing the unstructured content of Web pages
What does Web content mining involve?
analyzing the universal resource locators in Web pages
What does Web structure mining involve?
its ability to overcome noisy data to make somewhat accurate predictions
What does the robustness of a data mining method refer to?
its ability to construct a prediction model efficiently given a large amount of data
What does the scalability of a data mining method refer to?
True
What if and goal seeking are the two most common methods of sensitivity analysis.
unstructured and semistructured non-relational data
What is the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) designed to handle?
cognitive computing
What is the application of knowledge derived from cognitive science (the study of the human brain) and computer science theories in order to simulate the human thought processes so that computers can exhibit and/or support decision-making and problem-solving capabilities?
expertise
What is the extensive, task-specific knowledge that experts possess?
Echo
What is the hardware companion of Amazon's Alexa software product?
because of the massive data amounts and search efforts involved
What is the main reason parallel processing is sometimes used for data mining?
GDSS have a narrower focus than GSS.
What is the major difference between group support systems (GSS) and group decision support systems (GDSS)?
speech understanding
What is the recognition and understanding of spoken languages by a computer?
organization-oriented location-based dynamic approach
What kind of location-based analytics is real-time marketing promotion?
inference engine
What part of an expert system provides the reasoning capability, namely the ability to answer users' questions, provide recommendations for solutions, generate predictions, and conduct other relevant tasks?
problem decomposition
What problem-solving step is based on the understanding that solving the simpler subproblems may help in solving a complex problem?
WebEx
What software or facility is best for a small firm spread out across the Northeast U.S. looking to inexpensively conduct regular videoconferencing?
descriptive
What type of analytics answers questions like "what happened?"
prescriptive
What type of analytics answers questions like "what should I do?"
predictive
What type of analytics answers questions like "what will happen?"
True
When a problem has many attributes that impact the classification of different patterns, decision trees may be a useful approach.
usually low and declining/may be high and increasing
When comparing artificial intelligence versus human intelligence how would cost be compared?
numbers/signals
When comparing artificial intelligence versus human intelligence how would form be compared?
False
When information is sent and received almost simultaneously, the communication is in asynchronous (real-time) mode.
False
When people are creating various types of content and sharing it with others (for pay or free), this is an example of crowd voting.
developing the model
When using support vector machines, in which stage do you select the kernel type (e.g., RBF, Sigmoid)?
preprocessing the data
When using support vector machines, in which stage do you transform the data?
effectors
Which component of a robot describe the devices that affect the environment, such as hands, legs, arms, bodies, and fingers?
sensors
Which component of a robot help them to make decisions according to their environment?
CRISP-DM
Which data mining process/methodology is thought to be the most comprehensive, according to kdnuggets.com rankings?
Caffe
Which deep learning framework is particularly known to be an efficient framework for image processing due to incredible speed in processing image files?
TensorFlow
Which deep learning framework supports TPUs?
weight
Which element in an artificial neural network roughly corresponds to a synapse in a human brain?
absent any underlying assumptions that may affect output
Which of the following are advantages of the Naïve Bayes method or classification?
internal metrics
Which of the following is NOT a component of a linear programming problem?
Data mining requires a separate, dedicated database.
Which of the following is a data mining myth?
interface with self-driving cars
Which of the following is a function that cannot be completed by Amazon's Alexa?
It can incorporate significant real-life complexity.
Which of the following is an advantage of simulation?
truck driving
Which of the following is an area in which the number of available jobs in the future is projected to shrink due to robotics?
assessing a patient in making a diagnosis
Which of the following is an example of autonomy?
risk propensity is balanced
Which of the following is not a benefit of working in a group?
disregard guided analytics in lieu of a detailed manual
Which of the following is not a best practice in dashboard design?
seek outside input
Which of the following is not a step in the group decision-making process?
tweets
Which of the following is not a synchronous groupware software application?
software
Which of the following is not a top application for recommendation systems?
communication
Which of the following is not one of the ways to categorize CI into a major area of application?
There are standardized processes for accessing data wherever it is located.
Which of the following is true of data-as-a-Service (DaaS) platforms?
Tega
Which of the following robots is a social bot intended to provide extended support to preschoolers by engaging them in storytelling?
RFID tags
Which of the following sources is likely to produce Big Data the fastest?
regular bots
Which of the following types of bots do simple repetitive tasks for their owners?
chatbots
Which of the following types of bots simulate conversations with people?
linear
Which type of a and a transfer function is described: operation increases in a line based on condition using an operation such as a=n
deep learning
Which type of learning system is represented by the following process: input - simple features - more advanced features - mapping from features - output?
recurrent neural network
Which type of neural network is characterized by allowing feedback connections?
voice memo
Which type of tool would not be appropriate for different time/same place interaction?
Which type of tool would not be appropriate for same time/same place interaction?
False
While cloud services are useful for small and midsize analytic applications, they are still limited in their ability to handle Big Data applications.
because it is generally informative, and can be used to identify a preferred model if multiple models exist
Why is sensitivity analysis frequently used for artificial neural networks?
False
With the PageRank algorithm, a Web page with more incoming links will always rank higher than one with fewer incoming links.