IS219 Chapter 1-8 Quizzes

___________ developed by IMB, contains 19 statements to which participants respond using a 7 pint scale

(CSUQ) Computer System Usability Questionnaire

what governs human subject test process

(IRB) Institutional Review Boards

Principles of direct manipulation

- continuous representations of the objects and actions of interest with meaningful visual metaphors - physical actions or presses of labeled buttons, instead of complete syntax - rapid, incremental, reversible actions whose effects on the objects of interest are visible immediately

According to Rosson and Carroll (scenario-based) design characterization includes:

- design is a process, not a state - the design process is nonhierarchical - the process is radically transformational - design intrinsically involves the discovery of new goals

list the positive feelings associated with good user interfaces

- master of the interface - competence in preforming tasks - confidence in the capacity to retain mastery over time - eagerness to show the system off to novices - desire to explore more powerful aspects of the systems - enjoyment in using the system

A taxonomy for mobile device application development could include:

- monitor and provide alerts - gather information - locate and identify nearby object or site - capture information about the object and share that information

________ theories are based on human capacity

- motor task - perceptual - cognitive

The interdisciplinary Design of Science combines knowledge and methods associated with professionals including:

- psychologists - computer scientists -instructional and graphic designers -technical writers -human factors and ergonomics experts -anthropologists and sociologists

An iterative design process would consist of the following distinct phases

- requirement analysis - preliminary and detail design - implementation -evaluation

Additional consideration for content organization includes:

- sequence -phrasing -layout

List the problems with direct manipulation:

- spatial or visual representations can be too spread out - high-level flowcharts and database schema can become confusing - designs may force valuable information off screen - typing commands with the keyboard may be faster - the visual representation may be misleading - users must learn the graphical representations

The determinants(determining factors) of the evaluation plan include:

- stage of design (early middle late) - novelty of project (well-defined v.s exploratory) - number of expected users - criticality of the interface (life-critical medical versus museum exhibit support) -cost of product and finances allocated for testing - time available - experiences of design and evaluation team

Heuristic evaluations of usability can be completed in _______________ step

- test and refine

in teleoperation, the architecture of remove environment introduces several complicating factors, such as:

- time delay - incomplete feedback - unanticipated interferences

the measurable criteria for the user interface can be established for the following?

- time to learn specific actions -speed of task performance - rate of errors by humans - human retention over time - subjective user satisfaction

In content organization, the rules for forming menu trees are:

- use task semantics(meaning) to organize menus -limit the number of levels (ex. prefer board-shallow to narrow- deep) - create groups of logically similar items - form groups that cover all possibilities - make sure that items are non-overlapping - arrange items in each branch by natural sequence (not alphabetically) or related group items - keep ordering items of fixed(or possibly duplicate frequent items on dedicated sections fo the menu)

List the variety of expert review methods we learned

-Heuristic Evaluation - Guidelines review -Consistency Inspection - Cognitive Walkthrough - Formal Usability Inspection

in interface design, the potential controversies evolving public policies are related to

-privacy -liability related to system safety/ reliability - freedom of speech

The sample of the iOS Human Interface Guidelines in the iOS developer guidelines are

-take advantage of the whole screen -reconsider visual indicators of physicality and realism - let translucent user interface elements hint at the content behind them -let color simplify the user interface - ensure legibility by using system fronts -use depth to communicate

The golden rules for interface design are:

1. Strive for consistency 2. Cater to universal usability 3. Offer informative feedback 4. Design dialogs to yield closure 5. Prevent errors 6. Permit easy reversal of actions 7. Keep users in control 8. Reduce short-term memory load

List the 5 interaction styles

1. direct manipulation 2. menu selection 3. form fill-in 4. command language 5. natural language

Goals from efficiency and satisfaction usability measures that can be directly used to produce a practical evaluation of a system

1. time to learn 2. rate of human errors 3. speed of task completion 4. subjective satisfaction 5. human retention over time 6. sales

_______ also referred to as Bucket Test and is similar to a between-subject design, is done with just two group of users to observe and record differences between the designs

A/B testing

_______ development methods for self organizing, dynamic teams that facilitate, adaptive and rapid development that is robust to changing requirements and needs

Agile Interaction Design

what does portability do?

Allows for users to convert data across multiple software and hardware environments

____________ are very powerful application of simultaneous menus now used extensively for online shopping, catalog, and database searches

Facetd Search Menus

__________ Heuristics are most difficult to evaluate because familiarity with all aspects of the game is required

Gameplay

__________ focus on case studies of user experience over weeks, months, in realistic usage contexts with rich social engagements

Macro-HCI theories

__________ are often called wireframes, and provide some standardized elements(such as buttons, menu's, and text fields) even if potentially drawn in a sketchy fashion, and has some basic navigation functionality

Medium-fidelity prototypes

__________ focus on measurable performance (such as speed and errors) on multiple, standard tasks taking seconds or minute in laboratory environments

Mico-HCI theories

in ________ content organization design choices may be reachable by more than one path ex. websites for online shopping that provide access to banking information from both personal profile and the checkout section of a link structure

Network

which room in the usability lab is larger and can hold the usability facilitators with ample room to bring in others, such as the developers of the product being tested

Observation Room

Foley and Van Dam _________ approach defines how the units (words) that convey semantics are assembled into a complete sentence that instructs the computer to perform a certain task

Syntactic Level

In content organization the, ___________ menu systems have the power to make large collections of data available to novice or intermittent users

Tree-Structured Menu

True of False: on the desktop computers, keyboard shortcuts such as "escape" to cancel and close the dialog box and "enter" to select the default command when appropriate, are essential to the speed the response of the dialog box

True

in the form fill-in design, ______________ element ensures that alignment creates a feeling of order and comprehensibility

Visually appealing lay out form

Describe a Tree Structured Organization Design

When a collection of items grows, designers can form categories of similar items creating a tree structure.

In the form fill- in design, _____________ element ensures that the forms are navigable with a screen reader

accessibility

Portability does what?

allows the user to convert data across multiple software and hardware environments

____________ show the real world with an overlay of additional overlay

augmented reality

Describe weak direct manipulation

basic direct manipulation. transitional distance is large because the interaction is completely indirect. Uses joysticks, mouse, or trackpad translating the users physical address into actions on the virtual space using some mapping function

Describe Network Content Organization Design

choice are reachable from one path, website for online shopping that provides access to banking information from both the personal profile and the checkout section of a link structure

________ allows users to find the action needed in a desktop application

command navigation

____________ compares a new interface to previous versions or to similar products from competitors

competitive usability testing

foley and van dam ________ approach uses the users mental model of the interactive system

conceptual level

As discussed in the textbook, the _______ case study shows how following a good user interface design process can result in the successful conclusion with a larger, data intensive problem

data driven design at Volvo

in the design of an experimental study, ________ variable is something that happens as a result of the experiment and is usually measured

dependent variable

_____________ created rapid technology improvements, which result in a constant re-evaluation of their user interface and improvements to the guidelines applied

design consistency at apple computers

Immersive direct manipulation

direct manipulation is combined with virtual reality. users can put on glasses or some other device and they are inside the space. Users can see themselves walk/fly through space by walking, leaning in, and so forth with scenery changes with the moves.

______________ is a quick and dirty approach to task analysis, prototype development and has been widely influential because it lowers the barriers to new comers

discount usability testing

______________ observes behaviors, describes activity, conceive designs, compare high-level concepts of two designs, and train

explanatory theories

_________ theories are based on description

explanatory, prescriptive and predictive

Meyers-Briggs type indicator of personality indicator

extroversion vs. introversion sensing vs. intuition perceptive vs. judging feeling vs. thinking

True or False: Motor-task performance time theories predict reading times for free texts, lists, or formatted displays

false

True or False: Phasing are techniques to indicate the position in the menu structure and can be useful

false

________ are low-level focused advice about good practices and cautions against dangers

guidelines

_____________ look almost like the real final product and may have some rudimentary computational capabilities; however not typically complete and may not be functional

high-fidelity prototypes

The ideal model for interface research

identify a 'control' formulate a hypothesis test hypothesis for true or false

Virtual reality, oculus rift is an example of _________Transitional Distances of Direct Manipulation Systems

immersive

in the ________ direct manipulation, users can see themselves and can walk/fly through the space by walking, leaning in, and so forth, the scenery changes and moves

immersive

in the __________ a young child can easily learn to tap, change screens, and touch on a tablet, but does not have the skills to rearrange the icons on the screen

intuitive actions

Describe strong direct manipulation

involves actions such as gesture recognition with various body parts. it may be users hand, body, foot, or head that is 'virtually' places inside the physical space. Users can see their hand in a 3D space, grasp and throw and manipulate

what does consistency do?

it creates compatability across different product versions and related paper and non computer based systems. Uses common action sequences, terms, units, and colors

rearranging icons on the screen are ______________ actions

learned

foley and van dam__________ approach deals with the device dependancies and with the precise mechanisms by which user specifies the syntax

lexical

______________ are generally created by sketching, using post its, and cutting or glueing pieces of paper together (paper mockups)

low-fidelity prototypes

what does integration do?

makes sure the product should be able to run across different software tools and packages

predict key-stroking or pointing time

motor task performance time theories

for whom should designers allow for variability within their application via setting for sound, color, brightness, font sizes, etc with less distracting animation

older adult users

______________ direct involvement of people in the collaborative design of the things and technologies they use

participatory design

_________ are used for predicting reading times for free texts, lists, or formatted display

perceptual and cognitive subtask theories

in what phase do developers test and validate the system implementation to ensure it conforms to the requirements and design set out earlier in the process

phase 4: evaluation

What theories enable designers to compare proposed designs for execution time or error rates

predictive theories

___________ enables designers to compare proposed designs for execution times or error rates

predictive theories

________ are mid-level strategies or rules to analyze and compare design alternatives

principles

___________ participants are recruited by email, opens a pool to sophisticated users who because of their remote location might not be able to come take the test

remote usability testing

Where does data about human dimensions come from?

research in anthropometry

foley and van dam___________ approach describes the meaning conveyed by the users input and by the computers output display

semantic level

Describe augmented reality

show the real world with an overlay of additional information

_________ allows users to successfully operate interactive applications, such as installing a mobile app, completing an online-survey, or purchasing a train ticket

task navigation

in fluid navigations ___________ was introduced by Microsoft office in 2007, it was an attempt to replace menus and toolbars by one-inch tabs grouping commands by the task.

the Ribbons

What is transitional distance?

the distance between the user and the metaphor, the indirectness between a users physical actions and the actions of virtual space

Describe virtual reality

the presence aspect of virtual reality breaks the physical limitations of space and allows users to act as though they are somewhere else

_____________ room is typically smaller and accommodates a small number of people

the testing room

what are high-level widely applicable frameworks to draw on during design and evaluation, as well as to support communication and teaching

theories

Describe medium direct manipulation

transitional distance is reduced. Instead of communicating with the virtual space with the device, the user reaches out and touches, moves and grabs the entities in the one screen representation. ex, touch screens

On a small display, tiny devices (such as watches or fitness wearables), a deck of cards menu can be used, where each single tap advances to the next choice and a long press or two finger press may select the item to access more information

true

True or False: Field testing can be made more fruitful if logging software is used to capture error, command, and help frequencies as well as productivity measures

true

True or False: the alpha-sliders user multiple levels of granularity (roughness) in moving the slider thumb and therefore can support hundreds of thousands of items

true

True or False: One of the design considerations for small displays is simplify: "less is more"

true

True or False: Research finding recommends to keep an average link text to two to three words, using sans serif fronts and applying colors to headlight headings

true

True or False: run time logging software is an effective tool to capture the users pattern of activity

true

True or False: smaller screen size, touch data entry can cause errors, battery power limitations, download speed or access are constraints of Mobile HCI Design

true

True or False: the preliminary state of design , where high level design or architecture of the interactive system is derived

true

True or False: using dashboard, users are able to see a large volume of information (big data) at one time and to directly manipulate and observe the impact visually

true

True or False? workplace design can both hinder and help work performance

true

True or false: User modeling for adaptive interfaces allows for automatically adapting system - response time, length of messages, density of feedback, content of menus, order of menu items, type of feedback, content of help screens.

true

true of false: the newer version of CAPTCHA (completely automated public turning test to tell computers and humans apart) such as Google introduced reCAPTCHA can predict whether a human or robot is interacting

true

true or false: usability engineering has evolved into a recognized discipline with maturing practices and a growing set of standards

true

true or false: While facilitate data entry, the format of data-entry information should be linked closely to the format of displayed information, such as dashes in telephone numbers

true

___________ tests interfaces with highly diverse users, hardware, software platforms, and networks

universal usability testing

what does standardization do?

use pre-existing industry standards where they exist to aid learning and avoid errors

______________ design takes the needs, wants, and limitations of the actual end users into account during each phase of the design process

user-centered design

successful user-interface designers go beyond....

vague notions of "user friendliness" "intuitive" and "natural" doing more than simply making checklists of subjective guidelines

populations of users with special needs whom current interfaces could be improved to better serve them

very young, not computer savvy, elderly

_________ allows users to find information on a website or browsing social media

web navigation

Describe the requirement analysis phase

when the design is analyzed for what must be required from the systems behavior

Describe the implementation phase

where all the planning gets turned into actual code

The Internal Layout Guidelines of Dialog boxes require:

▪Meaningful title, consistent style ▪Top-left to bottom-right sequencing ▪Clustering and emphasis ▪Consistent layouts (margins, grid, white space, lines, boxes) ▪Consistent terminology, fonts, capitalization, justification ▪Standard buttons (OK, Cancel) ▪Error prevention by direct manipulation