IST 302

In a weighted scoring model, the sum of the weights of all the criteria must total _____ percent.

100

A _____ is a document used to coordinate all project planning documents and help guide a project's execution and control.

A project management plan

Which of the following is a difference between an activity list and an activity attribute?

An activity attribute provides more schedule-related information about each activity than an activity list.

In the _____approach for constructing a WBS, you use a similar project's WBS as a starting point.

Analogy

Which of the following processes in project time management involves identifying the specific tasks that the project team members and stakeholders must perform to produce the project deliverables?

Defining activities

_____ are an output of the executing process of project integration management.

Deliverables

A work package represents one component of the product that the project aims to deliver.

False

An organization's information technology project selection process should guide the strategic plan.

False

In project time management, the primary output of defining activities is a schedule management plan.

False

Internal stakeholders include groups affected by the project such as government officials or concerned citizens.

False

Key outcomes of the executing process group are formal acceptance of the work and creation of closing documents.

False

Most people believe that the underlying causes of many companies' problems can be traced to its organizational structure.

False

Project initiation involves taking the actions necessary to ensure that activities in the project plan are completed.

False

Project integration management must occur just within the context of a particular project.

False

Projects that address broad organizational needs are likely to fail.

False

The Rational Unified Process (RUP) framework is incompatible with the PMBOK process.

False

The format of the WBS dictionary is essentially the same for all projects.

False

The tasks in a WBS must be developed as a sequential list of steps

False

Project managers have the least amount of authority in a pure _____ organizational structure.

Functional

_____ is an iterative software development process that focuses on team productivity and delivers software best practices to all team members.

Rational Unified Process

Which of the following is a disadvantage of virtual teams as compared to traditional teams?

Reduced opportunities for internal transfer of information

In project time management, which of the following processes primarily involve identifying and documenting the relationships between project activities?

Sequencing activities

A _____ is usually not necessary to the Scrum method.

Team contract

_____ is a process for identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them.

Use case modeling

_____ refers to the difference between planned and actual performance.

Variance

A(n) ____ is a task at the lowest level of the WBS.

Work package

A similarity between the crashing technique and the fast tracking technique is that:

both can shorten the time needed to finish a project.

An IT company revises its process parameters in response to complaints from vendors that products were not ready on time. This would be an example of _____.

corrective action

Payback occurs when:

the net cumulative benefits equal the net cumulative costs.

The business case includes information on _____.

the project objective, high-level requirements, and time and cost goals

Scope creep refers to:

the tendency for project scope to keep getting bigger and bigger.

Scope refers to:

the work involved in creating the products and the processes used to create them.

The first step in the planning process is _____.

to tie the information technology strategic plan to the organization's overall strategic plan

_____ involves reviewing the project charter, requirements documents, and organizational process assets to create a scope statement, adding more information as requirements are developed and change requests are approved.

Defining scope

One of the main outputs of the initiation process is _____.

Developing the Project Charter

In project time management, which of the following processes involve analyzing activity sequences, activity resource estimates, and activity duration estimates to create the project schedule?

Developing the schedule

A disadvantage of using Gantt charts is that they do not provide a standard format for displaying planned project schedule information.

False

A drawback of the precedence diagramming method is that it cannot be used unless dummy activities are employed.

False

A merge occurs when one node precedes multiple nodes.

False

A project charter typically does not authorize the project manager to use organizational resources to complete the project.

False

Deliverables are only product-related, such as a piece of hardware or software.

False

Opportunities and directives are essentially the same thing.

False

The organization should complete low-priority projects before high-priority ones, if the low-priority ones take less time.

False

The output of the stakeholder management strategy results is a project charter.

False

The team members of a virtual team are all of the same nationality.

False

In the _____ phase, the project team creates a definitive or very accurate cost estimate, delivers the required work, and provides performance reports to stakeholders.

Implementation

_____ refers to a problem-solving approach that requires defining the scope of a system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs.

Systems Analysis

The _____ section of the project management plan describes specific methodologies a project might use and explains how to document information.

Technical processes

Project managers and their teams must keep in mind the effects of any project on the interests and needs of the entire system or organization instead of focusing on the immediate concerns of the project.

True

Standards and guidelines to follow when performing project management must be devised by top management.

True

The executing process group generally requires the most resources.

True

The project scope statement should reference supporting documents, such as product specifications that will affect what products are produced or purchased, or corporate policies, which might affect how products or services are produced.

True

The scope management plan can be informal and broad or formal and detailed, based on the needs of the project.

True

The technique of fast tracking can result in lengthening the project schedule.

True

To define activities, the project team should start with reviewing the schedule management plan, scope baseline, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational processes.

True

Using a systems approach is critical to successful project management.

True

A(n) _____ is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project.

WBS

In project time management, the main goal of _____ is to ensure that the project team has complete understanding of all the work they must do as part of the project scope so they can start scheduling the work.

defining activities

After working with key stakeholders to define activities and calculate their resources, the next process in project time management is to:

estimate the duration of activities.

Generating ideas by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products inside or outside the performing organization is known as _____.

Benchmarking

Creating the WBS is a subprocess associated with the _____ process in project scope management.

Planning

Benefits minus costs is known as the _____.

Cash flow

The _____ process involves gaining stakeholder and customer acceptance of the final products and services and bringing the project, or project phase, to an orderly end.

Closing

Which of the following is a planning process associated with project scope management?

Collecting Requirements

_____ are an example of external stakeholders for an organization.

Competitors

_____ should result in improvements in project performance.

Corrective actions

The technique for making cost and schedule trade-offs to obtain the greatest amount of schedule compression for the least incremental cost is known as _____.

Crashing

Which of the following activities is a part of the planning process of the Scrum?

Creating a sprint backlog

The project cost management knowledge area maps to the _____ process group through the activities of estimating costs and budget determination.

Planning

Which of the following is true of the project life cycle?

In the early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually lowest.

Which of the following is true of return on investment or ROI?

It is always a percentage

Which of the following is true about the agile method?

It uses several iterations or deliveries of software instead of waiting until the end of the project to provide a product.

The critical path is the _____ path through a network diagram, and it represents the _____ amount of slack or float.

Longest, shortest

In a _____ organizational structure, personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers.

Matrix

_____ refers to the degree to employees identify with the organization as a whole, rather than with their types of job or profession.

Member Identity

The _____ technique for creating a WBS uses branches radiating from a core idea to structure thoughts and ideas instead of writing down tasks in a list or immediately trying to create a structure for tasks.

Mind mapping

A common _____ process is reporting performance, where project stakeholders can identify any necessary changes that may be required to keep the project on track.

Monitoring and Controlling

The project scope management knowledge area maps to the _____ process group through the activities of scope validation and scope control.

Monitoring and Controlling

_____ refers to the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment.

Open-Systems Focus

_____ refers to a set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization.

Organizational Culture

A network diagramming technique in which boxes represent activities is known as a(n) _____.

PDM (precedence diagramming method)

Which of the following is true of dummy activities?

They show logical relationships between activities

The _____ approach for constructing a WBS starts with the largest items of the project and breaks them into subordinate items.

Top-down

A dependency pertains to the sequencing of project activities or tasks.

True

A sprint review is a meeting in which the team demonstrates to the product owner what it has completed during the sprint. Correct!

True

According to the symbolic frame, the most important aspect of any event in an organization is not what actually happened, but what it means.

True

An organization that uses a project organizational structure earns their revenue primarily from performing projects for other groups under contract.

True

Details of kick-off meetings and the stakeholder details are usually recorded in a Word document.

True

In the Scrum method, team members work as a self-directed group coached by the ScrumMaster.

True

Information from the project charter provides a basis for further defining the project scope.

True

Interface management involves identifying and managing the points of interaction between various elements of a project.

True

Knowing the amount of float allows project managers to know whether a project schedule is flexible.

True

NPV analysis is a method for making equal comparisons between cash flows for multi-year projects.

True

Scope creep if not managed well can lead to the failure of information technology projects.

True

The _____ perspective on organizations assumes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups.

Political Frame

Developing a _____ is a planning process that occurs in the Project Integration Management knowledge area.

Project Management Plan

The _____ section of the project management plan describes how to monitor project progress and handle changes.

Project controls

In project time management, a(n) _____ is an output of controlling the schedule

Project management plan update

In the _____ stage of selecting information technology projects, organizations define project scope, benefits, and constraints.

Project planning

The _____ model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype, using tools such as computer-aided software engineering, joint requirements planning, and joint application design to facilitate rapid prototyping and code generation.

RAD Life Cycle