IST Ch. 3

Web servers process user requests for pages using the ________. A) Hypertext Transfer Protocol B) TOC Protocol C) Address Resolution Protocol D) Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol E) Trivial File Transfer Protocol

A) Hypertext Transfer Protocol

________ is designed to shield programmers from having to build applications for different underlying operating systems, particularly in heterogeneous, distributed environments. A) Middleware B) Malware C) Spyware D) Grayware E) Peopleware

A) Middleware

Which of the following is likely to have the suffix ".org" after the domain name in its URL? A) The Red Cross Society B) Starbucks C) The Federal Bureau of Investigation D) McDonalds E) Harvard Business School

A) The Red Cross Society

Application software helps to automate business processes, and enables processes that would otherwise not even be possible.

TRUE

In grid computing, the slowest computer creates a bottleneck and slows down the entire grid.

TRUE

Information systems infrastructure consists of hardware, system software, storage, networking, and data centers.

TRUE

Networking hardware and software facilitate the interconnection of different computers, enabling collaboration within organizations, across organizations, and literally around the world.

TRUE

The easiest way to understand computer networking is through the human communication model.

TRUE

The format of an IP address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four numbers separated by periods.

TRUE

Transmission media refers to the physical pathway used to carry network information.

TRUE

Using a utility computing model, cloud computing helps to transform IT infrastructure costs from a capital expenditure to an operational expenditure.

TRUE

A public cloud is internal to an organization and can help the organization to balance demand and supply of computing resources within the organization.

FALSE

A supercomputer is primarily used as the main, central computing system for major corporations.

FALSE

Edge computing is moving processing and data storage from the "edges" of a network to a centralized location.

FALSE

IP cannot be used to transmit video data.

FALSE

The application software used for various business processes can directly interact with these various types of computer hardware.

FALSE

The applications under the Software as a Service model are typically the toughest to deploy.

FALSE

The fundamental information units of computers are called relays.

FALSE

The name "Internet" is derived from the concept of wireless networking.

FALSE

With respect to the domain name, the suffix ".com" is reserved for network organizations.

FALSE

Workstations are optimized for access by many concurrent users and therefore have more advanced microprocessors, more memory, a larger cache, and more disk storage than single-user computers.

FALSE

Which of the following statements is true about the software as a service model? A) The customer has no knowledge or control over the underlying infrastructure and has only limited ability to control or configure application-specific settings. B) The customer has to manage the licenses for the operating systems being used. C) The customer can run his or her own applications that are typically designed using tools provided by the service provider. D) The customer is provided with the basic capabilities of processing, storage, and networking. E) The user has control over the applications but has limited or no control over the underlying infrastructure.

A) The customer has no knowledge or control over the underlying infrastructure and has only limited ability to control or configure application-specific settings.

Which of the following statements is true about the infrastructure as a service model? A) The customer has to manage the licenses for the operating systems being used. B) The customer has no knowledge or control over the underlying infrastructure and has only limited ability to control or configure application-specific settings. C) The customer can run his or her own applications that are typically designed using tools provided by the service provider. D) The customer does not have to manage operating system licenses. E) The user has control over the applications but has limited or no control over the underlying infrastructure.

A) The customer has to manage the licenses for the operating systems being used.

Which of the following statements is true about servers? A) They are used to provide services to users within large organizations or to Web users. B) They are primarily used as the main, central computing system for major corporations. C) They are used primarily to assist in solving massive scientific problems. D) They are optimized for visualization and rendering of three-dimensional models. E) They are used for personal computing and small business computing.

A) They are used to provide services to users within large organizations or to Web users.

The protocol used by the Internet is called the ________. A) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) B) Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) C) Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) D) Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) E) TOC protocol

A) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

A hypertext document is otherwise known as a ________. A) Web page B) Web host C) Web ring D) Webmaster E) Web consortium

A) Web page

Data centers managed by a third party that rents out space to multiple organizational customers are known as ________. A) collocation facilities B) multi-bay stations C) serial port facilities D) data ease facilities E) datahub stations

A) collocation facilities

ImmuneEarth, a research and development company, has a motto to "eradicate all diseases." It has numerous departments that research the cure of various diseases. One of its largest departments includes the AIDS department where more than 500 scientists are researching the cure for AIDS. ImmuneEarth has numerous computers that have been grouped into a cohesive system for this purpose. Recently, one of its computers was updated because it had low performance which had slowed the entire system. Which of the following is ImmuneEarth using to research the cure for AIDS? A) grid computing B) green computing C) trusted computing D) edge computing E) IP convergence

A) grid computing

Which of the following is the host name in the URL "labs.google.co.in/jack carver"? A) labs B) google C) co D) in E) jack carver

A) labs

Which of the following computer networks is used for providing wireless communication between devices, using technologies such as Bluetooth? A) personal area network B) storage area network C) campus area network D) metropolitan area network E) body sensor network

A) personal area network

With respect to computer networks, organizations often install a dedicated telephone system called a ________ to route external phone calls or connect internal telephone extensions. A) private branch exchange B) body sensor network C) power management unit D) point to point protocol E) near field communication

A) private branch exchange

With respect to the general classes of computers, a ________ is the most expensive and most powerful kind of computer, which is used primarily to assist in solving massive scientific problems. A) supercomputer B) workstation C) mainframe D) server E) personal computer

A) supercomputer

The operating system of a computer is an example of ________ software. A) systems B) open source C) transitory D) peripheral E) application

A) systems

________ is used to transmit voice and video communication over the Internet. A) Edge computing B) IP convergence C) Distributed computing D) IP routing E) IP console

B) IP convergence

Which of the following statements is true about a public cloud? A) It gives the organization a high degree of customizability over their data and applications. B) It can be used by any interested party on a pay-per-use basis. C) It is internal to an organization. D) It does not free an organization from the issues associated with managing the cloud infrastructure. E) It gives the organization a high degree of control over their data and applications.

B) It can be used by any interested party on a pay-per-use basis.

Which of the following statements is true about a Uniform Resource Locator? A) It is used to locate specific information in a Web page. B) It is used to identify and locate a particular Web page. C) It is a protocol that helps Web servers store Web pages. D) It is a standard method for specifying the format of Web pages. E) It is a software application used to display the features of a Web page.

B) It is used to identify and locate a particular Web page.

Governmental regulations such as the ________ Act mandate archiving business documents and relevant internal communication, including e-mail and instant messages. A) Glass-Steagall B) Sarbanes-Oxley C) Robinson-Patman D) Celler-Kefauver E) Taft-Hartley

B) Sarbanes-Oxley

Which of the following occurred in the 1990-2000 generation of computing? A) The mainframe era began. B) The personal computer era ended and the interpersonal computing era began. C) The mainframe era ended and the personal computer era began. D) The interpersonal computing era ended and the internetworking era began. E) The internetworking era ended.

B) The personal computer era ended and the interpersonal computing era began.

The ________ is a system of interlinked documents on the Internet, or a graphical user interface to the Internet that provides users with a simple, consistent interface to access a wide variety of information. A) private branch exchange B) World Wide Web C) point to point protocol D) Media Access Control Address E) parameter random access memory

B) World Wide Web

A ________ is any computer on the network, or any software application that uses only the services provided by the server. A) peer B) client C) host D) console E) port

B) client

The ".com" suffix in a uniform resource locater is reserved for ________. A) non-profit organizations B) commercial organizations C) network organizations D) government entities E) educational organizations

B) commercial organizations

With respect to the recent trends in IS hardware infrastructure management, ________ is moving processing and data storage away from a centralized location to the "corners" of a network. A) green computing B) edge computing C) grid computing D) trusted computing E) distributed computing

B) edge computing

In a URL, the ________ is the particular Web server or group of Web servers (if it is a larger Web site) that will respond to the Web request. A) domain name B) host name C) client name D) top-level domain name E) port name

B) host name

The most prominent type of system software, the ________, coordinates the interaction between hardware components, peripherals, application software, and users. A) random-access memory B) operating system C) read-only memory D) base station E) point to point protocol

B) operating system

With respect to the general classes of computers, a ________ is used for small business computing. A) workstation B) personal computer C) mainframe D) server E) supercomputer

B) personal computer

With respect to the general classes of computers, a ________ is any computer on a network that makes access to files, printing, communications, and other services available to users of the network. A) workstation B) server C) personal computer D) supercomputer E) mainframe

B) server

Which of the following tasks is performed by application software? A) printing documents B) writing a business letter C) presenting information via a monitor D) updating the system clock E) saving data to a disk

B) writing a business letter

________ is the transmission capacity of a computer or communications channel, which represents how much binary data can be reliably transmitted over the medium in one second. A) Latency B) Data buffer C) Bandwidth D) Jitter E) Codec

C) Bandwidth

________ is used to increase Web application performance. A) Trusted computing B) Distributed computing C) Edge computing D) IP convergence E) Green computing

C) Edge computing

Which of the following differentiates grid computing from cloud computing? A) Grid computing uses a large number of computers. B) Grid computing is a natural evolution of the widespread adoption of virtualization and utility computing. C) Grid computing is applied to a single large problem. D) Grid computing involves over-the-Internet provision of dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources. E) Grid computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources.

C) Grid computing is applied to a single large problem.

________, the use of the Internet protocol (IP) for transporting voice, video, fax, and data traffic, has allowed enterprises to make use of new forms of communication and collaboration, as well as traditional forms of communication, at much lower costs. A) Grid computing B) IP edging C) IP convergence D) Edge computing E) IP console

C) IP convergence

Which of the following is likely to have the suffix ".com" after the domain name in its URL? A) UNICEF B) The Federal Reserve C) Microsoft D) The World Wide Fund for Nature E) Massachusetts Institute of Technology

C) Microsoft

________ define the procedures that different computers follow when they transmit and receive data. A) Consoles B) Keyloggers C) Protocols D) Hosts E) Hypertexts

C) Protocols

________ software is the collection of programs that control the basic operations of computer hardware. A) Application B) Transitory C) System D) Open source E) Peripheral

C) System

Which of the following statements is true about the platform as a service model? A) The customer is provided with the basic capabilities of processing, storage, and networking. B) The customer has no knowledge or control over the underlying infrastructure and has only limited ability to control or configure application-specific settings. C) The customer can run his or her own applications that are typically designed using tools provided by the service provider. D) Only the basic capabilities of processing, storage, and networking are provided. E) The customer has to manage the licenses for the operating systems being used.

C) The customer can run his or her own applications that are typically designed using tools provided by the service provider.

Which of the following occurred in the 1946-1958 generation of computing? A) The interpersonal computing era ended and the internetworking era began. B) The internetworking era ended. C) The mainframe era began. D) The mainframe era ended and the personal computer era began. E) The personal computer era ended and the interpersonal computing era began.

C) The mainframe era began.

Which of the following occurred in the 1964-1990 generation of computing? A) The mainframe era began. B) The personal computer era ended and interpersonal computing began. C) The mainframe era ended and the personal computer era began. D) The interpersonal computing era ended and the internetworking era began. E) The internetworking era ended.

C) The mainframe era ended and the personal computer era began.

Operating systems are often written in ________, a very low level computer programming language that allows the computer to operate quickly and efficiently. A) structured query language B) hyper text markup language C) assembly language D) extensible markup language E) practical extraction and report language

C) assembly language

A company's ________ secures proprietary information stored within the corporate local area network and/or wide area network so that the information can be viewed only by authorized users. A) Web ring B) static Web site C) firewall D) proxy server E) Web page

C) firewall

A fundamental component of the IS infrastructure is the ________, that is, the computers that run the applications and databases necessary for processing transactions or analyzing business data. A) protocol B) archival storage C) hardware D) system software E) data center

C) hardware

Which of the following features of the Web contains not only information but also references or links to other documents? A) proxy server B) Web ring C) hypertext D) codec E) domain name

C) hypertext

A ________ is any computer that may both request and provide services. A) console B) client C) peer D) host E) port

C) peer

With respect to the five general classes of computers, a ________ is typically used for scientific research. A) mainframe B) workstation C) supercomputer D) microcomputer E) server

C) supercomputer

Manufacturers of hardware and software often apply the concept of planned obsolescence, meaning that ________. A) the companies have already decided when to launch their next product B) the product is designed in such a way as to extend its life span C) the product is designed to last only for a certain life span D) the product is designed to avoid obsolescence E) the companies do not enter markets which have the risk of product obsolescence

C) the product is designed to last only for a certain life span

Most companies allow their employees to use ________ networks to connect to the company's intranet while on the road or working from home. A) near-me area B) metropolitan area C) virtual private D) body sensor E) storage area

C) virtual private

With respect to computer networks, ________ are also referred to as Wi-Fi networks. A) storage area networks B) wireless body sensor networks C) wireless local area networks D) campus area networks E) personal area networks

C) wireless local area networks

Which of the following general classes of computers designed for medical, engineering, or animation and graphics design uses are optimized for visualization and rendering of three-dimensional models, and typically have fast processors, large memory, and advanced video cards? A) mainframes B) supercomputers C) workstations D) servers E) personal computers

C) workstations

________ is used to solve large-scale computing problems. A) Trusted computing B) Edge computing C) IP convergence D) Grid computing E) Distributed computing

D) Grid computing

Which of the following is likely to have the suffix ".edu" after the domain name in its URL? A) Yahoo! B) UNICEF C) The Federal Reserve D) Harvard Business School E) America Online

D) Harvard Business School

Which of the following statements is true about an IP address? A) The format of an IP address is a 64-bit numeric address. B) It is written as eight numbers separated by periods. C) Each number separated by periods can have any number between 0 to 999. D) It can be used to navigate to particular Web addresses. E) It is written as a number with a period at the end

D) It can be used to navigate to particular Web addresses.

________ networks enable any computer or device on the network to provide and request services. All members of the network have equivalent capabilities and responsibilities. A) Server-centric B) Server-to-peer C) Client-to-peer D) Peer-to-peer E) Client-centric

D) Peer-to-peer

Which of the following is an example of an operating system? A) Safari B) Microsoft Office C) Mozilla Firefox D) Ubuntu Linux E) Microsoft Surface

D) Ubuntu Linux

A ________ is a software application that can be used to locate and display Web pages, including text, graphics, and multimedia content. A) Webcam B) keylogger C) proxy server D) Web browser E) Webmaster

D) Web browser

With regard to the World Wide Web, Web pages are stored on ________. A) Web consoles B) Web rings C) Web consortiums D) Web servers E) Web hosts

D) Web servers

Bandwidth is measured in ________. A) moles per second B) joules per second C) parts per million D) bits per second E) relays per second

D) bits per second

In grid computing, the slowest computer creates a bottleneck and slows down the entire grid. A(n) ________ grid, consisting of a large number of computers, can help overcome these problems. A) trusted B) edged C) clustered D) dedicated E) parallel

D) dedicated

With respect to the general classes of computers, a ________ is very large and is used primarily as the main, central computing system for major corporations. A) personal computer B) supercomputer C) server D) mainframe E) workstation

D) mainframe

With respect to the five general classes of computers, ________ are typically used for mission critical applications, such as transaction processing. A) workstations B) supercomputers C) servers D) mainframes E) personal computers

D) mainframes

The ability to adapt to increases or decreases in demand for processing or data storage is known as ________. A) extensibility B) portability C) reliability D) scalability E) usability

D) scalability

Under the ________ model, organizations "rent" resources such as processing, data storage, or networking from an external provider on an as-needed basis and pay only for the services used. A) cluster computing B) grid computing C) distributed computing D) utility computing E) parallel computing

D) utility computing

Which of the following is a difference between a server and a workstation? A) A workstation has fast network connectivity in comparison with a server. B) A workstation is used primarily as the main, central computing system for major corporations. C) A workstation has high reliability in comparison with a server. D) A workstation has more memory and more disk storage in comparison with a server. E) A workstation is typically used by one user at a time.

E) A workstation is typically used by one user at a time.

As defined by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), "________ is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction." A) Green computing B) Social networking C) Internetworking D) Web phishing E) Cloud computing

E) Cloud computing

The standard method of specifying the format of Web pages is called ________. A) Structured Query Language (SQL) B) Practical Extraction and Report Language (PERL) C) Extensible Markup Language (XML) D) Assembly Language (AL) E) Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

E) Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

The prediction that the number of transistors on a chip would double about every two years is known as ________. A) Megan's law B) Ashby's law C) Murphy's law D) Metcalfe's law E) Moore's law

E) Moore's law

Which of the following occurred in the 1958-1964 generation of computing? A) The internetworking era began. B) The personal computer era expanded. C) The interpersonal computing era ended. D) The interpersonal computing era began. E) The mainframe era expanded.

E) The mainframe era expanded.

With respect to computer networks, a typical ________ network has a bandwidth of 10 Mbps to 1 Gbps. A) personal area B) metropolitan area C) wide area D) campus area E) local area

E) local area

The suffix ".org" is reserved for ________. A) governmental entities B) commercial organizations C) network organizations D) educational institutions E) non-profit organizations

E) non-profit organizations

With respect to computer networking, ________ refers to the physical pathway—cable(s) and wireless—used to carry network information. A) multiplatform B) transmission control protocol C) random-access memory D) traceroute E) transmission media

E) transmission media