ISTM 320 Final (Quizzes)

According to the DFD conventions, the data flow is always depicted by a(n) ________.

Arrow

An effective way to gather information about the system from users is ________.

Asking them questions

________ is NOT a phase in a systems development life cycle.

Attributes

A(n) ________ class is a class that has no direct instances but whose descendants may have direct instances.

Abstract

In which maintenance type are changes made to a system to evolve its functionality to changing business needs or technologies?

Adaptive

The concept of DFD ________ refers to whether you have included in your DFDs all of the components necessary for the system you are modeling.

Completeness

A part-of relationship in which parts belong to only one whole object, and the parts live and die with the whole object is called ________.

Composition

All of the following are included in the baseline project report except ________.

Conclusion

A class that can have direct instances (e.g., Outpatient or Resident Patient) is called a(n) ________ class.

Concrete

In which maintenance type are changes made to a system to repair flaws in its design, coding, or implementation?

Corrective

Which of the following is NOT a part of project initiation?

Create a project budget

Which of the following is NOT a source for IS development requests?

Customers

Which cloud computing characteristic specifies that the cloud services are accessible from almost anywhere and from almost any Web-enabled device?

Broad Network Access

A binary one-to-many (1:N) relationship in an E-R diagram is represented by adding the primary key attribute (or attributes) of the entity on the one side of the relationship as a(n) ________ in the relation that is on the many side of the relationship.

Foreign key

A(n) ________ in a data flow means that exactly the same data goes from a common location to two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks. (This usually indicates different copies of the same data going to different locations.)

Fork

A ________ is a business document that contains some predefined data and may include some areas where additional data are to be filled in.

Form

With only ________ symbols, you can use DFDs to represent both physical and logical information systems.

Four

A ________ is a diagram of process logic where the logic is reasonably complicated.

Decision table

A(n) ________ is an attribute whose value can be computed from related attribute values.

Derived attribute

What is the end result of a JAD?

Detailed documents of the current system

Which menu-positioning method places the access point of the menu near the top line of the display; when accessed, menus open by dropping down onto the display?

Drop-down menu

The most common format used for data modeling is ________ diagramming.

Entity-relationship

When designing forms and reports, which characteristic focuses on social issues such as the users status and role that should be considered in addition to environmental concerns such as lighting, sound, task interruptions, temperature, and humidity?

Environment

Which of the following is NOT a form of closed-ended questions?

Essay

All human-computer interfaces must have an interaction style and use some ________ for supporting this interaction.

Hardware

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a group interview?

It is a waste of an analyst's time to interview a group.

Functional decomposition is a(n) ________ process of breaking the description of a system down into finer and finer detail, which creates a set of charts in which one process on a given chart is explained in greater detail on another chart.

Iterative

________ DFD development recognizes that requirements determination and requirements structuring are interacting, not sequential, subphases of the analysis phase of the SDLC.

Iterative

A(n) ________ in a data flow means that exactly the same data come from any of two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks to a common location.

Join

________ is the cabling, hardware, and software used to connect workstations, computers and file servers located in a confined geographical area.

LAN

A ________ is a DFD that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail.

Level-0 diagram

________-oriented architecture is a software architecture in which business processes are broken down into individual components that are designed to achieve the desired results for the service consumer.

Service

If a project is selected, what is the most likely next step?

The project will be funded

MTBF stands for_______.

Mean time between failures

A(n) ________ is an attribute that may take on more than one value for each entity instance.

Multi-valued attribute

A(n) ________ is a specification that indicates how many objects participate in a given relationship.

Multiplicity

The result of normalization is that every ________ key attribute depends upon the whole primary key.

Non-primary

________ is a process for converting complex data structures into simple, stable data structures.

Normalization

The most common method for implementing ________ is through the use of icons.

Object-based interaction

Which of the following is NOT a major category of sources of software?

Offshore

Where are JAD sessions normally held?

Offsite

Which cloud computing characteristic allows for most flexibility, meaning users can access cloud resources in a buffet-style fashion on an as-needed basis without the need for lengthy negotiations with the service provider?

On-Demand Self-Service

A data flow cannot go directly back to the same process it leaves. There must be at least ________ other process(es) that handle(s) the data flow, produce(s) some other data flow, and return(s) the original data flow to the beginning process.

One

Each entity type in the E-R diagram becomes a relation. The identifier of the entity type becomes the ________ of the relation, and other attributes of the entity type become non-primary key attributes of the relation.

Primary key

The lowest level of a DFD is called a ________ data flow diagram.

Primitive

A ________ is the work or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, or distributed.

Process

Which tool enables you to quickly take basic requirements and create a limited working system?

Prototyping

A(n) ________ is an operation that does not have any side effects; it accesses the state of an object but does not alter the state.

Query operation

A(n) ________ is an attribute that must have a value forevery entity instance.

Required attribute

A relation is a named, ________-dimensional table of data. Each relation (or table) consists of a set of named columns and an arbitrary number of unnamed rows.

Two

A recursive relationship is also known as a ________ relationship.

Unary

Which relation is created by placing the primary key of either entity in the relation for the other entity or by doing this for both entities?

Unary 1:1 relationship

A data flow to a data store means ________.

Update

When considering off-the-shelf software, which choice is one of the most important criteria to consider?

Vendor Support

Which of the following is NOT a part of the guidelines for effective interviewing?

Review notes within 96 hours of interview

Which firm is best known for its ERP software solution?

SAP AG

A paper prototype is a series of mock ________ that can be used to test content, look, and feel, as well as the task flow and other usability factors.

Screens

"Notifying users when on the last page of a multi-paged sequence" is related to ________ for the design of forms and reports.

An easy navigation system

why are forms important?

Because they explain what data flows out of a system

Program documentation is the deliverable that is produced after the ________ phase.

Coding

Which interaction places a substantial burden on the user to remember names, syntax, and operations?

Command language interaction

A ________ can be best understood as data in motion, moving from one place in a system to another.

Data flow

A ________ is a picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system.

Data flow diagram

________ are NOT a component of data flow diagram symbols.

Data programs

During logical database design, you must account for every data element on a system input or output form or report and on the ________.

E-R diagram

Which of the following is NOT a source of requirements gathering for the systems analyst?

Market Conditions

Which menu method is also known as a dialogue box?

Pop-up menu

When an organization has the resources and a system must be built from scratch, an organization should choose what type of software?

In-house development

________ is/are NOT a deliverable for process modeling.

Inadequately decomposed diagrams

In logical database modeling and design, we combine normalized data requirements from all user interfaces into one consolidated logical database model; this step is called view ________.

Integration

Balancing is the conservation of inputs and outputs to a DFD process when that process is decomposed to a ________ level.

Lower

At the ________ level of DFDs, new data flows may be added to represent data that are transmitted under exceptional conditions. These data flows typically represent error messages or confirmation notices.

Lowest

Which process can begin soon after the system is installed?

Maintenance

Which installation runs the old information system and the new one at the same time until management decides the old system can be turned off?

Parallel installation

Intuit's QuickBooks is an example of what type of software?

Pre-packaged software

In which maintenance type are changes made to a system to add new features or to improve performance?

Perfective

Which installation changes from the old information system to the new one incrementally, starting with one or a few functional components and then gradually extends the installation to cover the whole new system?

Phased installation

Logical and ________ database design is typically performed in parallel with other systems design steps.

Physical

The fact that the same operation may apply to two or more classes in different ways is known as ________.

Polymorphism

Which cloud computing characteristic provides computing resources that can be scaled up or down almost instantaneously and often automatically, based on user needs?

Rapid elasticity

One purpose of database design is to structure the data in stable structures, called normalized tables, that are not likely to change over time and that have minimal ________.

Redundancy

A ________ is a business document that contains only predefined data; it is a passive document used solely for reading or viewing.

Report

Which installation tries out a new information system at one site and uses the experience to decide if and how the new system should be deployed throughout the organization?

Single-location installation

A common mistake many people make when they are just learning to draw E-R diagrams, especially if they already know how to do data flow diagramming, is to confuse data entities with ________ and relationships with data flows.

Sinks

A ________ is the origin and/or destination of the data, and these are sometimes referred to as external entities because they are outside the system.

Source

Which group chooses projects that most often reflect the larger needs of the organization?

Steering committee

A well-structured relation is a relation that contains a minimum amount of redundancy and that allows users to insert, modify, and delete the rows without error or inconsistencies and is also known as a ________.

Table

Test scenarios (test plan) and test data are the deliverables that are produced after the ________ phase.

Testing

Which of the following is a new, faster, and more flexible technique for analysis gathering requirements?

The planning game

What is the purpose of gathering system records?

To gain an objective view of what an employee is doing

What is the primary purpose of JAD?

To gather systems requirements simultaneously

Which of the following is NOT a way informal systems develop?

Top management does not mandate it

In logical database modeling and design, we combine normalized data requirements from all user interfaces into one consolidated logical database model; this step is called view ________.

integration

________ current system users is a more direct way of seeing how an existing system operates.

observing