Jackie Robison Color Barrier
In 1946, Robinson joined the Dodgers' farm team, the Montreal Royals
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
In 1949, Robinson, who had switched to playing second base, was named the National League's Most Valuable Player.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
In 1950, he became the Dodgers' highest paid player, earning a salary of $35,000.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
In 1955, Robinson helped the Dodgers defeat the New York Yankees to win the World Series
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
In 1997, on the 50th anniversary of his first game, Robinson's uniform number-42-was retired by Major League Baseball.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
In his first game, Robinson played first base and went zero for three at the plate.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
Jack Roosevelt Robinson was born into a family of sharecroppers on January 31, 1919, in Cairo, Georgia
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
Jackie was honorably discharged after facing insubordination charges for refusing to move to the back of a segregated bus
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
On April 15, 1947, 28-year-old Jackie Robinson made his Major League Baseball debut with the Dodgers, against the Boston Braves, in front of more than 25,000 spectators at Ebbets Field in Brooklyn, New York.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
Robinson became the first African-American inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
Robinson finished his career with a batting average of .311, 1,518 hits and 137 home runs.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
Robinson played in 151 games, hit .297, stole more bases than anyone else in the National League and was awarded the first-ever Rookie of the Year title.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
Robinson played shortstop for the Kansas City Monarchs in the Negro League.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
Branch Rickey publicized Robinson's signing nationally through Look magazine.
https://www.loc.gov/collections/jackie-robinson-baseball/articles-and-essays/baseball-the-color-line-and-jackie-robinson/1940-to-1946/
He was drafted in 1942 and served on bases in Kansas and Texas.
https://www.loc.gov/collections/jackie-robinson-baseball/articles-and-essays/baseball-the-color-line-and-jackie-robinson/1940-to-1946/
Robinson attended John Muir Technical High School and Pasadena Community College before transferring to the University of California, Los Angeles.
https://www.loc.gov/collections/jackie-robinson-baseball/articles-and-essays/baseball-the-color-line-and-jackie-robinson/1940-to-1946/
He served in the U.S. Army from 1942 to 1944.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
On October 24, 1972, Jackie Robinson died of a heart attack, at the age of fifty-three.
https://stmuhistorymedia.org/breaking-barriers-the-jackie-robinson-edition/
Crow laws prevented Robinson from using the same hotels and restaurants as his teammates while playing in the South.
http://bowienewsonline.com/2019/04/1947-jackie-robinson-breaks-color-barrier/
Robinson's was the first-ever number retired by all teams in the league.
http://bowienewsonline.com/2019/04/1947-jackie-robinson-breaks-color-barrier/
Teams did not want to play the Montreal Royals, because they had an African-American in the line-up.
https://stmuhistorymedia.org/breaking-barriers-the-jackie-robinson-edition/
Catcher Roy Campanella and legendary pitcher Satchel Paige were among a number of Negro Leaguers to later join Robinson in the majors.
https://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/jackie-robinson-break-baseball-color-barrier-1.htm
Some ballparks had rules that forbade blacks from playing on their field, so Robinson had to sit out certain games.
https://jackieroosevelt42.weebly.com/breaking-barriers.html
As a child, Jackie sold newspapers and vending hot dogs at the Rose Bowl stadium.
https://jackieroosevelt42.weebly.com/childhood.html
As a kid, Jackie was a member of a street gang.
https://jackieroosevelt42.weebly.com/childhood.html
He testified on discrimination before the House Un-American Activities Committee in July of 194
https://jackieroosevelt42.weebly.com/childhood.html
In grammar school some of his classmates would share their lunches with him if he played on their team.
https://jackieroosevelt42.weebly.com/childhood.html
It took the local minister and neighborhood mechanic, to talk sense into Jackie and tell him that he has the potential to do great things with his life.
https://jackieroosevelt42.weebly.com/childhood.html
Jack Roosevelt Robinson was the youngest of Jerry and Mallie Robinson's five children.
https://jackieroosevelt42.weebly.com/childhood.html
Jack would often be out shoplifting or vandalizing property, when he was younger.
https://jackieroosevelt42.weebly.com/childhood.html
Neighbors would often shout cruel names at Jackie and his family and constantly call the police on them for no apparent reason.
https://jackieroosevelt42.weebly.com/childhood.html
When Jackie was just a young infant, his father abandoned the family and left Mallie to raise the children alone. Having no other choice, Mallie moved the family to Pasadena.
https://jackieroosevelt42.weebly.com/childhood.html
Indifferent to party affiliation and unwilling to compromise, he measured a President's performance by his level of commitment to civil rights.
https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured-documents/jackie-robinson
He attended UCLA, where he became the first athlete to letter in four varsity sports: baseball, basketball, football and track.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
He wrote letters to Presidents Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon B. Johnson rebuking them for not going far enough to advance the cause of civil rights.
https://stmuhistorymedia.org/breaking-barriers-the-jackie-robinson-edition/
In 2004, Major League Baseball proclaimed April 15th annual Jackie Robinson Day.
https://stmuhistorymedia.org/breaking-barriers-the-jackie-robinson-edition/
In Buffalo, New York, Bison's players spiked him as they slid into second base, knocking him out of the lineup for three weeks.
https://stmuhistorymedia.org/breaking-barriers-the-jackie-robinson-edition/
"John had all the ability in the world, But John couldn't stand the pressure of going up into this new league and being one of the first." -Jackie Robinson
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.vice.com/amp/en_us/article/qkqywx/the-forgotten-men-who-broke-baseballs-color-line-with-jackie-robinson
After Spring training, the Montreal Gazette wrote, "John Wright is the better prospect of the two colored boys."
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.vice.com/amp/en_us/article/qkqywx/the-forgotten-men-who-broke-baseballs-color-line-with-jackie-robinson
Jackie had Rachel Robinson by his side, Wright's family was back in New Orleans.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.vice.com/amp/en_us/article/qkqywx/the-forgotten-men-who-broke-baseballs-color-line-with-jackie-robinson
John Wright, a pitcher for the Dodgers, broke the barrier with Robinson, but was in his shadow.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.vice.com/amp/en_us/article/qkqywx/the-forgotten-men-who-broke-baseballs-color-line-with-jackie-robinson
Larry Doby, Henry Thompson, Willard Brown and Dan Bankhead, the four other African American men who played in the major leagues in 1947.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.vice.com/amp/en_us/article/qkqywx/the-forgotten-men-who-broke-baseballs-color-line-with-jackie-robinson
The New York Times reprinted two short AP wire stories, saying that Wright was there only to keep Robinson from "becoming homesick with none of his race around."
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.vice.com/amp/en_us/article/qkqywx/the-forgotten-men-who-broke-baseballs-color-line-with-jackie-robinson
When he(John Wright) is remembered, it is as Jackie Robinson's roommate, the scrub brought in to take the pressure off Branch Rickey's chosen crusader.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.vice.com/amp/en_us/article/qkqywx/the-forgotten-men-who-broke-baseballs-color-line-with-jackie-robinson
When the Royals (a farm club of the Dodgers) signed Wright in January, 1946, the white press gave the transaction far less attention than they had Robinson two months prior.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.vice.com/amp/en_us/article/qkqywx/the-forgotten-men-who-broke-baseballs-color-line-with-jackie-robinson
Wright spent most of his time as a Royal on the bench, and never had a chance to find his rhythm.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.vice.com/amp/en_us/article/qkqywx/the-forgotten-men-who-broke-baseballs-color-line-with-jackie-robinson
Wright would travel with Robinson, play with him, room with him, and endure every abuse Jim Crow threw their way.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.vice.com/amp/en_us/article/qkqywx/the-forgotten-men-who-broke-baseballs-color-line-with-jackie-robinson
After leaving baseball, Robinson worked as a business executive and continued his involvement in civil rights causes.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
During his first season in the majors, Robinson encountered racism from opposing teams and fans, as well as some of his own teammates.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
He retired from baseball after playing his last game on October 10, 1956,
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jackie-robinson-breaks-major-league-color-barrier
