Journalism Class

Press Credentials:

A card with your picture, name and name of your publication.

What is a journalists only real asset?

A journalist's only real asset is the public's trust.

Underground Publication:

A publication run by students without school support and not during the school day.

Public Forum:

A publication where students decide on the content in the articles.

Freedom of Information Laws:

Are all records generated by a public body open to the public body unless exempted by law.

Shield Laws:

Are laws that protect Journalists from official demands for their journalistic research and images.

What were the rights of a copyright holder?

Copyright holder has the exclusive right to reproduce, adapt, distribute, or perform the work.

Subpoenas:

Court orders.

What are the dangers of writing breaking news or working under a tight deadline?

Even if you are writing breaking news or working under a tight deadline you must make sure the writing follows all the rules of journalism and is ethically and legally sound.

True, False or Sometimes: It is acceptable to give your source a copy of the story before it is published.

False

True, False or Sometimes: It is acceptable to promise that you will publish something in exchange for information.

False

True, False or Sometimes: You may publish advertising that looks or sounds like a news story in your publication or broadcast.

False

What are freedom of information laws? Why are they important for journalists?

Freedom of information laws that the public gets to see all the records held by national governments. They are important to journalists because it allows them to fulfill their job as the public's watchdog.

What is the difference between granting anonymity to a source and using an anonymous source?

Granting anonymity is when the journalist knows who their source is but doesn't reveal the name to their publication or broadcast. An anonymous source is not knowing the identity of your source.

Defamation:

Harming one's reputation.

In what ways are high school students entitled to the protection journalists give juveniles? In what ways are they like adults?

High school students may give permission to use their names but not seeing it's long term affects journalists may not put their names or a description of them in. They are like adults in the ability to choose what to say in an interview.

Code of Ethics:

Is a written set of guidelines for ethical behavior.

Intellectual Property:

Is any work that is the result of creativity.

Libel:

Is publishing anything that harms another person's reputation or an organizations ability to do things in a community.

Slander:

Is saying anything that harms another person's reputation.

Attribution:

Is saying where you got information or a description.

Balanced Reporting:

Is telling more than one side of the story and being fair to each side.

Copyright Infringement

Is the theft of intellectual property.

Copyright:

Is your right to own your creative work.

Copyright Laws

It protects your work as journalist. It also limits the ways you can use others work.

Court-Recognized Privileges:

Journalist's privileges recognized by the court and usually based on the First Amendment.

Liability:

Legal responsibility

What is the difference between libel and slander.

Libel is publishing anything that harms a person or organization's reputation and slander is speaking something that harms a person or organization's reputation.

How do prior review and prior restraint differ?

Prior review is a school official reviewing a publication before publishing and prior restraint is a school official censoring things in publications.

What are the 5 freedoms in the First Amendment?

Religion, speech, press, peacefully assemble, petition

Sunshine Laws:

Say meetings of public officials should be open to the public.

True, False or Sometimes: You do not need to attribute facts.

Sometimes

In what ways are student journalists different from adult journalists under the Bethel decision?

Student journalist using vulgar and obscene language and images of the same context in publications and broadcasts is restricted. This is not the same for adult journalists who have more freedom with the language and images they use in their publications

In what ways are student journalists different from adult journalists under the Hazelwood standard?

Student journalists got censored by their advisers or people higher up something that adult journalists don't have to go through as much. Adult journalist had the same importance in rights while student journalists have to fight for whether they get rights on their publication or their teacher does.

In what ways are student journalists different from adult journalists under the Tinker standard?

Student journalists have a restricted freedom of speech unlike adult journalists who have the full use of freedom of speech. Student Journalists have prior restraint in the cases of obscenity, libel, and the danger of substantial disruption in the school day something that adult journalists don't have to worry about in their publications.

In what way does the Bethel decision limit student journalists?

The Bethel decision limits student journalist from using obscene speech in broadcast or published works.

Prior Restraint:

The administration censors (forbids) the student include certain things in their publications.

What is the purpose of a code of ethics?

The purpose of code or ethics is for professionals to earn and keep the public's trust with them.

What are sunshine laws? Why are they important for journalists?

The sunshine law says that certain meetings of public officials are open to the public.

Fair Use:

To convey information on works that is copyrighted. Commentary, reporting, and for criticism, and reviews all falls under fair use.

True, False or Sometimes: It is acceptable to read a quotation back to a source for review.

True

True, False or Sometimes: It is acceptable to tell someone if he or a loved one will be in the news before the news is broadcast.

True

What are the four defenses against a successful libel suit?

Truth, Consent, Privilege, and opinion are the four defenses against a successful libel suit.

Under what conditions may you grant a source anonymity in your publication or broadcast? What are the hazards of doing so?

You can grant a source anonymity if the source's credibility is verified, if you verify as many details possible with sources you can quote, if there no other source to give information, if the story id really significant and the source's quotes are vital to the story, and if there is a compelling reason to protect the source. However, this can lead to a liability suit or a breach of promise suit, or the loss of the public's trust or pressure from others to reveal the source.

What must you not do?

You must not guess anything.

Who owns the images and stories created for your publication?

You own the images and stories that you create even if it's for a publication