keystones

nucleus

Control center of the cell

transcripts, translates

DNA _______ into mRNA and mRNA ________ into protein

active transport

Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference

exocytosis

Process by which a cell releases large amounts of material

it is a dominant, autosomal trait

a male pistol shrimp with protective eye tissue pockets mates with a female shrimp without protective eye tissue pockets. all of the offspring have eye tissue pockets. what conclusion can be made about the eye tissue pocket trait in pistol shrimp?

lipid

a molecule made mostly of carbon with two nonpolar chains and a polar head

nucleic acid

a polar molecule made of repeating units of sugar bonded to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base

the reaction cause an input of energy

a scientist observed that during the course of a chemical reaction the number of ATP molecules was reduced. what did the scientist most likely learn from the observation

the information in the region is read differently during transcription

an inversion occurs along part of a chromosome. how does the inversion most likely affect the region in which it occurs

decrease

ash from a volcanic eruption decreases the amount of available solar energy for a region. Because of this, producer population will ________, causing a decrease in consumer populations.

cell division that results in daughter cells that contain DNA

describe the outcome of both meiosis and mitosis

The products of one process are used as reactants by the other process.

how are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related to each other

By joining amino acids into long chains called polypeptides

how are proteins made

chromosomes that contain genes, which are DNA segments

in order to study genetic mutations, scientists must study genetic material. describe the genetic material scientists are most likely studying

anatomical structure

many scientists have concluded that whales and dolphins have a more recent, common ancestor than do whales and sharks. which characteristic most likely allowed scientists to make this conclusion

made of cells, contains genetic material, reproduces, grows

name 4 characteristics of life

provide the substance with sunlight to see if it grows

name an investigation where you can tell if a substance is living or nonliving

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

name the stages of mitosis

catalyst

substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction and reduces the activation energy

competition

tadpoles grown in ponds with high densities of tadpoles have lower survival and growth rates than tadpoles in ponds with lower densities of tadpoles. what interaction between tadpoles grown in high-tadpole-density ponds would most likely cause the decreased survival and growth rates

a substrate must bind to an active site of the enzyme

what action must occur for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction

a mutation that leads to individuals with genetic differences

what condition would most likely result in an increase in the phenotypic variation within a population

land animal speciation

what is the following an example of: geographic separation physically separates populations and prevents them from interacting

fewer lipids would be digested

what would most likely be caused by a change in ph

contain genetic material

which characteristic is shared by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

multiple biomes in a biosphere

which set of ecological organization levels is most likely to contain the largest variety of species

both allow for the flow of molecules into and out of a cell

which statement best describes how channel and carrier proteins in the plasma membrane are similar

Carbon forms 4 covalent bonds

why is carbon able to form a large number of different molecules?