KIN Exam 2
In the context of shoulder girdle movements, which of the following terms refers to the movement of the scapula medially toward the spinal column, as in pinching the shoulder blades together?
Adduction
Which of the following is an efficient way to stretch the pectoralis minor muscle?
By lying supine with a rolled towel directly under the thoracic spine while a partner pushes each scapula into retraction
Which of the following actions is not performed concentrically by the trapezius muscle?
Downward rotation
Which of the following actions is performed concentrically by the levator scapulae muscle?
Elevation
Which of the following is not an action of the brachioradialis muscle?
Extension of the elbow
A movement of the forearm away from the shoulder is best described by the term "flexion."
False
Supination refers to an internal rotary movement of the radius on the ulna.
False
The elbow joint is a hinge-type joint that allows only internal and external rotation in the sagittal plane.
False
The insertion of the brachialis muscle is on the coracoid process of the ulna.
False
The insertion of the brachioradialis muscle is on the proximal end of the radius at the styloid process.
False
The insertion of the pectoralis minor muscle is on the coracoid process of the scapula.
False
The lateral supracondylar ridge is an anatomical landmark located on the radius.
False
The levator scapulae muscle when contracting concentrically is responsible for upward rotation of the inferior angle of the scapula.
False
The olecranon process is located on the medial aspect of the ulna.
False
The origin of the levator scapulae muscle is the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and first five thoracic vertebrae.
False
The origin of the pectoralis major muscle is the anterior surfaces of the third to fifth ribs.
False
The origin of the rhomboid muscles is the spinous processes of the last cervical and the first seven thoracic vertebrae.
False
The origin of the serratus anterior muscle is the surface of the upper seven ribs at the side of the chest.
False
The pectoralis minor muscle can perform adduction, downward rotation, or depression when contracting concentrically.
False
The scapula moves on the rib cage as a consequence of joint motion actually occurring at the acromioclavicular joint and to a lesser extent at the sternoclavicular joint.
False
The sternoclavicular joint is supported anteriorly by the costoclavicular ligament.
False
Which of the following is an action of the biceps brachii muscle?
Horizontal adduction of the shoulder joint
Which of the following bony landmarks is located on the posterior surface of the scapula?
Infraspinous fossa
Which of the following is an important application of the trapezius muscle?
It is always used in preventing the glenoid fossae from being pulled down during the lifting of objects with the arms.
Which of the following is a key application of the serratus anterior muscle?
It is used strongly in doing push-ups, especially in the last 5 to 10 degrees of motion.
Which of the following statements is true about the carrying angle?
It permits the forearms to clear the pelvis in the swinging movements during walking.
Which of the following applications necessarily involves the levator scapulae muscle concentrically?
Shrugging the shoulders
In the context of radioulnar joint movements, which of the following terms refers to the internal rotary movement of the radius on the ulna that results in the hand moving from the palm-up to the palm-down position?
Supination
Which of the following is a posterior muscle?
The pronator quadratus muscle
Which of the following muscles are used powerfully in the lifting phase of chinning, an activity in which an individual hangs from a horizontal bar suspended by his or her hands and pulls himself or herself up until his or her chin is over the bar?
The rhomboid muscles
List the scapula muscles that are primarily active in the return phase from a bench press and explain their contractions.
The serratus anterior and pectoralis minor are both contracting eccentrically to control retraction or adduction of the scapula during the return of the bar to the chest during the bench press return or lowering phase
Which of the following muscles has its origin in the surface of the upper nine ribs at the side of the chest?
The serratus anterior muscle
Which of the following muscles is most commonly affected by scapular winging?
The serratus anterior muscle
Which of the following muscles would best be strengthened by the bench press and overhead press exercises?
The serratus anterior muscle
Which of the following muscles performs stabilization and protection of the sternoclavicular joint?
The subclavius muscle
Which of the following muscles concentrically performs both elevation and depression?
The trapezius muscle
Which of the following muscles inserts on the triangular space at the base of the scapular spine?
The trapezius muscle
Which of the following statements is true about the rhomboid muscles?
Their concentric actions include adduction and downward rotation.
Which of the following is a salient feature of the upper fibers of the trapezius muscle?
They assist in extension of the head due to their origin on the base of the skull.
As the elbow reaches full extension, the olecranon process of the ulna is received by the olecranon fossa of the humerus, and this provides increased joint stability.
True
Elbow motions primarily involve movement between the articular surfaces of the humerus and the ulna.
True
Even though both radioulnar joints are freely moveable diarthrodial joints, the joint between the shafts of the two bones is referred to as being syndesmosis.
True
Flexion of the forearm with a barbell in the hands, known as "curling," is an excellent exercise to develop the biceps brachii muscle.
True
In the anatomical position, the radius is more medial than the ulna.
True
In the anatomical position, the tuberosity of the radius is in close proximity to the lateral side of the ulna.
True
Medial epicondylitis is frequently referred to as "golfer's elbow."
True
Positioning the forearm in pronation decreases the effectiveness of the biceps brachii muscle. In flexing the elbow.
True
The biceps brachii muscle originates from the coracoid process and the supraglenoid tubercle above the superior lip of the glenoid fossa.
True
The concentric actions of the serratus anterior muscle include scapula abduction and upward rotation.
True
The distal attachments of the radioulnar joint muscles are located on the radius.
True
The insertion of the serratus anterior muscle is on the anterior aspect of the whole length of the medial border of the scapula.
True
The levator scapulae muscle inserts on the medial border of the scapula from the superior angle to the scapular spine.
True
The origin of the subclavius muscle is the superior aspect of the first rib at its junction with its costal cartilage.
True
The pronator teres muscle originates from the distal part of the medial supracondylar ridge of the humerus and the medial side of the proximal ulna.
True
The scapula is unable to move on the trunk without movement of the sternoclavicular and/or acromioclavicular joints.
True
The serratus anterior muscle when contracting concentrically performs abduction in a transverse plane of motion.
True
The trapezius muscles can cause adduction in a transverse plane of motion when contracting eccentrically.
True
The triceps brachii muscle inserts on the olecranon process of the ulna.
True
The ulna is much larger proximally than the radius.
True
The ulnar collateral ligament is critical to providing medial support to prevent the elbow from abducting when stressed in physical activity.
True
Which of the following is the sole action of the brachialis muscle?
True flexion of the elbow
Which of the following actions is performed concentrically by the serratus anterior muscle?
Upward rotation
Which of the following movements involves moving the inferior angle superiorly and laterally away from the spinal column to assist in raising the arm out to the side?
Upward rotation
Which of the following actions is associated with the middle fibers of the trapezius muscle?
Upward rotation, adduction, and elevation
Which of the following is an action of the pronator teres muscle?
Weak flexion of the elbow
In the context of shoulder girdle movements, an anterior tilt is a consequential rotational movement of the scapula _____.
about the frontal axis occurring during hyperextension of the glenohumeral joint
The chief function of the _______ is to pull the synovial membrane of the elbow joint out of the way of the advancing olecranon process during extension of the elbow.
anconeus muscle
Radioulnar supination is performed by all of the following muscles except the:
anconeus muscle.
Tightening a screw with a screwdriver using the right hand depends significantly upon the action of the _______.
biceps brachialis
Radioulnar pronation is performed by all of the following muscles except the:
brachialis muscle.
The trapezius lower fibers are involved concentrically in all of the following actions except:
elevation
The long head of the triceps brachii muscle originates from the:
infraglenoid tubercle below the inferior lip of the glenoid fossa of the scapula.
The supinator muscle originates from the:
lateral epicondyle of the humerus and neighboring posterior part of the ulna.
The pronator teres muscle inserts on the:
middle third of the lateral surface of the radius.
Flexion of the elbow occurs in the _______ plane of motion, and supination of the forearm occurs in the _______ plane of motion.
sagittal; transverse
The tuberosity of the radius is in its most anterior position when the radioulnar joint is in:
supination
The shoulder girdle movements primarily involve all of the following muscles except:
the trapezius muscle.
The insertion of the biceps brachii muscle is on the tuberosity of the radius and bicipital aponeurosis.
true
The actions of the brachioradialis muscle include all of the following except:
weak flexion of the shoulder joint.