KIN199 Module 6 Book Questions

A typical female who is 20 to 24 years old has about ______ of essential fat.

12%

A pound of body fat is equivalent to _____ calories.

3,500

To assess your risk of unhealthy body fat distribution, you can use the waist circumference assessment. If you are 5 feet 6 inches tall, your waist measurement should be less than _____ inches.

33

According to the American Heart Association, approximately what percentage of adult Americans have metabolic syndrome?

34%

In 1960, the rate of obesity in the U.S. was about 13% but by 2016, it had increased to about

40%

A typical male who is 20 to 24 years has approximately ______ essential fat.

5%

Body mass index is also known as

BMI

In the NCHS meta-analysis, what is considered severe obesity?

BMI greater than 34.9

Which of the following principles apply when developing body composition goals?

Choose goals that are reasonable to maintain. Make sure they are healthy. Keep them realistic.

Which of the following are true of fat?

It cushions body organs. It helps regulates body temperature. It is a source of stored energy in the body.

How does total body electrical conductivity (TOBEC) estimate lean body mass?

It estimates lean body mass by passing a body through a magnetic field.

How does dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) work?

It measures the tissue absorption of high- and low-energy X-ray beams.

The NCHS meta-analysis returned which controversial results?

Moderately obese people had similar death rates to normal-weight people. Overweight people had a lower all-cause death rate than normal weight people.

Why are height-weight tables often inaccurate measures of healthy weight?

Muscle weighs more than fat.

Which of the following are among the best ways to identify your progress toward your body composition goals?

Notice how your clothes fit. Monitor your body weight. Track your energy levels.

Which of the following are generally true of people with an optimal amounts of fat and fat-free mass?

They are at lower risk of many chronic diseases. They move with greater efficiency. They are healthier.

People who want to change their body composition must make lifestyle changes, including regular exercise and

a healthy diet.

When fat is stored in the lower region of the body in the hips, buttocks, and thighs it is said the individual has the shape of

a pear

People should be wary about using a body weight scale to assess their body composition because

a scale cannot tell the difference between overweight and overfat.

Which of the following individuals is more at risk for health problems?

a woman with a BMI of 28 with a waist circumference of 34 inches

In the NIH and WHO guidelines, fat in what area of the body is most indicative of increased disease risk?

abdomen

Men and postmenopausal women tend to store fat in their

abdominal areas.

For women, an extremely low percentage of body fat is often associated with

absent or infrequent menstruation.

The condition in women in which menstruation is infrequent or absent is called

amenorrhea.

When fat is stored in the upper region of the body, particularly the abdomen, it is said the individual has the shape of

an apple

Adipose tissue (fat cells) is found in which of the following parts of the body?

around major organs under the skin

What is the only method for directly measuring the percentage of body weight that is fat?

autopsy

A person's somatotype describes his or her

basic body build.

Obesity is characterized by an excessive accumulation of

body fat

The body can be roughly divided between

body fat and fat-free mass.

The tool that is used in assessing body composition via skinfold measurements is a

caliper

Tables that list ideal weights for specific heights

can be inaccurate for people like bodybuilders.

Which of the following comprise fat-free body mass?

connective tissue teeth muscle

If current overweight and obesity trends continue, scientists predict that the average American's life expectancy will soon

decline by as much as several years.

Which of the following are among the reasons for the increase of overweight and obese Americans since 1960?

decrease in daily gym classes for students increase in portion sizes more driving than walking of short distances

Which of the following are associated with excess body fat?

diabetes cardiovascular disease

Obesity can lead to which of the following social or psychological problems?

discrimination anxiety

The Bod Pod takes its measurement of body fat by the amount of

displaced air in the chamber.

The body mass index could be an inaccurate method of assessing body composition for some individuals because it

does not distinguish between fat weight and fat-free weight.

Obesity ______ mortality rates.

doubles

Which somatotype is thin and linear, with little muscle or fat?

ectomorph

Since metabolic syndrome affects glucose and insulin, people with this syndrome are at risk of developing which of the following?

erectile dysfunction fatty liver disease chronic inflammation

The relationship between calorie intake and body weight remains constant regardless of changes in body weight.

false

Which of the following are conditions associated with metabolic syndrome?

fat deposits in the abdominal regions high blood pressure

Underwater weighing operates on the principle that

fat has a lower density and thus floats.

Which one of the following types of body tissues is the best conductor of electrical current?

fat-free tissues

Which factors play the greatest roles in determining the amount of fat stored in fat cells?

gender age diet

Diabetes causes a buildup of ______ in the bloodstream.

glucose

Premenopausal women (in contrast to postmenopasual women) tend to store fat in their

hips, buttocks, and thighs.

Regarding body fat, genetics determines

how many fat cells a person has.

Underwater weighing is also known ______ weighing.

hydrostatic

Obesity has also been linked to other health issues, including

increased risk of death from many types of cancer.

Diabetes disrupts the normal secretion of ______ from the pancreas.

insulin

Another name for metabolic syndrome is

insulin resistance syndrome.

When making changes in body composition, your main focus should be on

making lifestyle changes.

A person calculating body mass index using the standard method would use the

metric system

Body fat is incorporated into which of the following?

nerves mammary glands

Body mass index is based on the concept that

ones weight should be proportional to ones height

A person with too much body fat, regardless of their total weight, is considered

overfat

A person whose weight is above the recommended range for good health is considered

overweight

What is the classification of an individual with a BMI value of 26.02?

overweight

The body mass index is not particularly useful for which of the following groups?

people short in stature serious weight trainers

The proportion of total body weight that is composed of fat is called the

percent body fat.

The technical name for the technique used by the Bod Pod is called

plethysmography.

Which of the following risks are associated with obesity?

pregnancy complications sleep and breathing disorders hypertension

Bioelectrical impedance analysis works by using a small electrical current to measure the body's

resistance

An endomorph has a body type that is

round and pear shaped.

Which of the following are methods to estimate body fat percentages?

skinfold measurement underwater weighing

In the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, society's idea of the "ideal" body type—as presented by the media—changed from

slightly plump to unhealthily thin.

Skinfold assessment involves checking which of the following qualities of skinfolds?

thickness

Methods of assessing body composition based on _____ are less accurate than other methods but are still commonly used.

total body weight

A person with a body mass index of 18.1 is classified as

underweight

Many people fail to obtain a fit and healthy body because they overemphasize which of the following?

unrealistic goals short-term weight loss

The most harmful form of body fat is ______ fat.

visceral

Adipose tissue (fat cells) that is found around major organs is also referred to as which of the following?

visceral fat intra-abdominal fat

To calculate waist-to-hip ratio, divide

waist circumference by hip circumference.

A simple way to assess abdominal fat distribution is to use

waist circumference measurement.

To calculate someone's BMI, you need measurements of a person's

weight and height.