Knee joint

Movement of the knee

allows flexion, extension, slight medial rotation and lateral rotation of the leg in flexed position.

Articular discs (meniscus)

are two fibrocartilage discs between the tibia and femoral condyles help compensate for irregular shapes of bones circlate synovial fluid.

intracapsular ligaments

are with in the capsule that connects the tibia and femur.

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

attaches posteriorly on tibia & anteriorly on femur. it prevents the posterior sliding of the tibia when the knee is flexed.

Infrapatellar bursa

between superior part of the tibia and patella ligament.

Suprapatellar bursa

between the inferior part of the femur and deep surface of quadriceps femoris muscle.

oblique popliteal ligament:

broad flat ligament that extends from the intercondylar fossa of the femur to the head of the tibia and lateral condyle of the femur to the medial condyle of the tibia.

Tibial collateral ligament

broad, flat ligament. extends from the medial condyle of the femur to the medial condyle of the tibia

fibular collateral ligament

extends from the lateral condyle of the femur to the lateral side of the head of the fibula.

Arcuate popliteal ligament

extends from the lateral condyle of the femur to the styloid process of the head of the fibula.

Medial and lateral patellar retinacula:

fused tendon of insertion of the quadriceps femoris muscle and fascia lata (deep fascia of thigh)

Prepatellar bursa

prevents friction between the patella and the skin

Medial meniscus

In medial side of knee, C-shaped, cushions joint

patellofemoral joint

the joint between the patella and patellar surface of the femur.

Lateral meniscus

is on lateral side and looks like an incomplete O.

knee joint

is the largest and most complex joint of the body. its a modified hinge joint that consists of the three joints with in a single synovial joint.

Medial tibiofemoral joint

joint between the medial condyle of the femur, medial meniscus, and medial condyle of the tibia.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

limits hyperextenstion of the knee and prevents the anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur it attaches anteriorly on tibia & posteriorly on femur

Bursae

sacs of synovial fluid that are located outside of the joint

Patellar ligament

tendon of insertion of the quadriceps femoris muscle that extends from the patellar to the tibial tuberosity.

Lateral tibiofemoral joint

the joint between the lateral condyle of the femur, lateral meniscus and lateral condyle of the tibia, whitch is weight bearing.