L-15 - (4) - Using Sentences to Qualify Nouns

Review: How does an adjective qualify a noun?

For い-adj., the last い is used -Example: おもしろい本 = Interesting book For な-adj., the extra な is used -Example: ねこが好きな人 = A person who likes cats

How does a sentence qualify a noun?

In order for a sentence to qualify a noun, there are two requirements: (1) the verb (since most sentences end with a verb) must be in short form (～た； ～ない； etc.) (2) the subject of the verb (that is to say, the person performing the activity) is followed by the particle が, not は

Can the "qualifier sentence + noun" be used as a noun?

Yes, a "qualifier sentence + noun" is just like any other noun. In other words, you can use "qualifier sentence +noun" within a sentence (making it two sentence into a sentence)

Example #2: This is a book that my girlfriend gave me on my birthday last year.

これは ｛去年の誕生日｝ に彼女がくれた本です。 ---------------------------- (kore wa kyonen no tanjoobi ni kanojo ga kureta hon desu.)

Example #1: The book [that I bought yesterday] The book [my boyfriend gave me] The book [that is on the table] The book [that you can't buy in Japan]

昨日買った本 彼がくれた本 つくえの上にある本 日本で買えない本 ---------------------------- (kinoo katta hon) (kare ga kureta hon) (tsukuu no ue ni aru hon) (nihon de kaenai hon)

Example #3: My father gave me a book that Haruki Murakami wrote.

父が｛むらかみはるきが書いた｝本をくれました。 ---------------------------- (chichi ga Murakami Haruki ga kaita hon wo kuremashita.)

Example #4: The movie I was touched by the most is "To Live"

私が｛いちばんかんどうした｝映画は「生きる」です。 ---------------------------- (watashi ga ichiban kan dooshita eega wa [ikiru] desu.)