L & C CH5

Relationships that lack trust are characterized by self-protective efforts to control and verify each other's behavior. This relates to which organizational level of principle-centered leadership? A. Interpersonal B. Personal C. Managerial D. Organizational

A. Interpersonal

Managers with a ____________ orientation rely heavily on coercive, and external-control methods to motivate workers such as punishments and threats. A. Theory X B. Theory Y C. Veteran D. Baby Boomer

A. Theory X

In the preconventional level of moral development, the criteria for moral behavior A. are based primarily on self-interest. B. are based primarily on gaining others' approval. C. are based on universal, abstract principles. D. are based primarily on behaving conventionally.

A. are based primarily on self-interest.

Nazi concentration camp guards attempted to avoid moral responsibility for their behavior by claiming they were merely "carrying out orders." This is an example of A. displacement of responsibility. B. moral justification. C. advantageous comparison. D. distortion of consequences.

A. displacement of responsibility.

Members of the Baby Boomer generation A. don't like to think of themselves as "the problem" in the workplace even though they frequently are. B. came of age during the Great Depression and World War II. C. are prone to digressions about "the good old days." D. tend to be more committed to their vocation than to any specific organization.

A. don't like to think of themselves as "the problem" in the workplace even though they frequently are.

Gen Xers define leadership as A. giving employees what they need to work well and comfortably. B. sitting in meetings and making profound vision statements. C. creating a level playing field for all. D. being critical and patronizing of employees.

A. giving employees what they need to work well and comfortably.

In terms of instrumental values, individuals who value equality and freedom may think that it is important to always be A. imaginative. B. logical. C. responsible. D. courageous.

A. imaginative.

_____ involves reinterpreting otherwise immoral behavior in terms of a higher purpose. A. Advantageous comparison B. Moral justification C. Displacement of responsibility D. Euphemistic labeling

B. Moral justification

The generation of workers born after 1980 are called the A. Gen Xers. B. Nexters. C. Baby Boomers. D. Veterans.

B. Nexters.

What is attribution of blame? A. It involves using "cosmetic" words to defuse the offensiveness of otherwise distasteful behavior. B. People sometimes try to justify immoral behavior by claiming it was caused by someone else's actions. C. It lets one avoid self-contempt for one's behavior by comparing it to even more heinous behavior by others. D. Reprehensible behavior becomes easier to engage in and live with if others are behaving the same way.

B. People sometimes try to justify immoral behavior by claiming it was caused by someone else's actions.

Members of the Veteran generation A. grew up during the era of the Watergate scandal. B. have been a stabilizing force in organizations for decades. C. work to live rather than live to work. D. have little respect for and less interest in leaders.

B. have been a stabilizing force in organizations for decades.

Leaders following the authentic leadership approach A. put on a different act with different audiences. B. have realistic self-perceptions. C. do whatever it takes to assure that things run smoothly. D. have misperceptions of self.

B. have realistic self-perceptions.

Leaders who demonstrate empathy with us A. pull people together on the basis of shared beliefs. B. show they understand the world as we see and experience it. C. have common sense of organizational purpose and belonging. D. demonstrate their commitment to higher principles through their actions.

B. show they understand the world as we see and experience it.

Constructs representing generalized behaviors or states of affairs that are considered by the individual to be important are A. goals. B. values. C. benefits. D. services.

B. values.

This is not an organizational level of leadership in the principle-centered leadership approach. A. Managerial B. Personal C. Cultural D. Interpersonal

C. Cultural

What is the major disadvantage of the performance measurement system? A. It may be manipulated to allow continuation of the actions that best fulfill his/her reading of the system goals. B. A person might cheat on the measurement system by exploiting its weaknesses in hopes of advancement. C. It "takes underground" constructive dialogue about system goals or modifications in system measurements. D. A person acts in a way that optimizes his/her performance measurements without realizing that this outcome was not what the system intended.

C. It "takes underground" constructive dialogue about system goals or modifications in system measurements.

Individuals who have an implicit prejudice tend to: A. be aware of its existence. B. include their prejudice consciously in their judgements. C. be unaware of its existence. D. Both A and B above

C. be unaware of its existence.

People minimize the harm caused by their behavior through A. dehumanization. B. displacement of responsibility. C. disregard of consequences. D. advantageous comparison.

C. disregard of consequences.

Terrorists may call themselves "freedom fighters," and firing someone may be referred to as "letting him go." This is an example of A. moral justification. B. diffusion of responsibility. C. euphemistic labeling. D. advantageous comparison.

C. euphemistic labeling.

Leaders who pull people together on the basis of shared beliefs and a common sense of organizational purpose and belonging A. are consistent. B. demonstrate empathy. C. have a compelling vision. D. have strong integrity.

C. have a compelling vision.

Some individuals believe that family security is an important goal to strive for. In terms of instrumental values, such individuals may think that it is important to always act in a(n) A. helpful manner. B. courageous manner. C. honest manner. D. imaginative manner.

C. honest manner.

End-based thinking can be characterized as A. "Doing what you want others to do to you." B. "Following the highest principle or duty." C. "Doing what is best to get my desired end results." D. "Doing what's best for the greatest number of people."

D. "Doing what's best for the greatest number of people."

Authentic leadership is founded in A. consistency between values, beliefs and actions. B. the Greek philosophy, "to thine own self be true." C. interacting independent of other's expectations of them. D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following is NOT included in the "fronts" of leadership required to establish an ethical climate? A. A core ideology B. Integrity C. A process focus D. All of these are "fronts" of leadership.

D. All of these are "fronts" of leadership.

A recent study about ethical role models at work resulted in identification of four general categories of attitudes and behaviors. Which of the following is NOT one of these general categories? A. Articulating ethical standards B. Basic fairness C. Interpersonal behaviors that show care and concern for others D. All of these are categories that were identified.

D. All of these are categories that were identified.

This way of minimizing individual moral responsibility for collective action can be one of the negative effects of group decision making. A. Advantageous comparison B. Displacement of responsibility C. Distortion of consequences D. Diffusion of responsibility

D. Diffusion of responsibility

Which of the following statements concerning servant leadership is true? A. The leader's primary role is to do whatever it takes to assure that things run smoothly. B. It is derived from a bureaucratic view of organizations. C. It places emphasis upon listening effectively to others. D. It has commonly involved a very top-down and hierarchical approach to leadership.

D. It has commonly involved a very top-down and hierarchical approach to leadership.

As a group, this generation of workers tends to be technologically savvy, independent and skeptical of institutions and hierarchy. A. The Nexters B. The Veterans C. The Baby Boomers D. The Gen Xers

D. The Gen Xers

What are the four qualities of leadership that engender trust according to Bennis and Goldsmith? A. Values, loyalty, consistency, and integrity B. Honesty, values, loyalty, and creativity C. Creativity, honesty, consistency, and vision D. Vision, empathy, consistency, and integrity

D. Vision, empathy, consistency, and integrity

What is the ultimate test of a servant leader's work? A. Whether they understand others' feelings and perspectives. B. Whether it helps re-create a sense of community among people. C. Whether they can influence others through their persuasiveness. D. Whether those served develop toward being more responsible and competent individuals.

D. Whether those served develop toward being more responsible and competent individuals.

Theory Y reflects a view that most people A. need to be coaxed to work productively. B. are not naturally motivated to work. C. need to be coerced to work productively. D. are intrinsically motivated by their work.

D. are intrinsically motivated by their work.

Moral reasoning refers to A. the process leaders use to make decisions about values and ethics. B. the espoused values of individuals. C. the morality of individuals. D. the process leaders use to make decisions about ethical and unethical behaviors.

D. the process leaders use to make decisions about ethical and unethical behaviors.