Lab 20: Introduction to Immunology Simulation

Which cell can differentiate into a plasma cell?

B cells

How are you going to access the body?

I spot a primary barrier weakness - I'm entering via a skin wound

How do you think vaccination rate will affect in the incidence of disease?

No effect

What do you do next?

The damage extends quite deeply - I venture deeper into the dermis

Which organ do T cells migrate to for maturation

Thymus

What is the major functional difference between B cells and T cells?

B cells attack invaders outside of the cell, T cells attack infected cells

Which of these statements best describes the difference between adaptive and innate immune responses?

The innate response is triggered non-specifically where adaptive immune responses are highly specific to the triggering pathogen

Are any of the patients potential suffering from a current infection?

Yes; the patients who gave samples 3, 6, and 8

How many of these patients have either been exposed to the disease previously or have received a vaccine?

7

Where do B cells mature?

Bone marrow

What cells are classed as lymphocytes?

Cells that arise from a lymphoid progenitor cell, for example, B cells and natural killer cells

The blood supply is good, but there's lots of damage here. What do you do next?

Damage means immune response; I invade further to find an exploitable niche

Where do our myeloid lineage cells originate from?

Hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow

Before you start you can choose one special ability for your pathogen that might help you evade the immune response. Which of these abilities would you like to take?

Hemolysin production

There are circulating leukocytes everywhere. How do you choose to proceed?

I need to stop moving so I can form a colony - I try to stick down on a vessel wall

Where do you want to begin your invasion?

I see a potential access point to the circulatory system - I enter via the wound

What is the main role of the thymus gland?

It's the primary lymphatic organ where T cell maturation happens

So far, your replication is going unnoticed as the immune cells in the vicinity are occupied with clearing damaged body cells. A few of your progeny are cleared by phagocytes, but your colony is expanding rapidly. How do you want to proceed?

Keep on proliferating as quickly as possible

Which of these is not an important role that antibodies carry out themselves?

Performing phagocytosis of pathogens

Choose an organ where you think peripheral tolerance testing takes place.

Peripheral tissues

What lymphatic component serves to monitor the bacterial load in the intestines specifically?

Peyer's patches

What is the primary mode by which a macrophage engulfs pathogens?

Phagocytosis

Which of the following is NOT a likely outcome of a strongly self-reactive B cell being released into circulation?

Self reactive antibodies could enhance the speed of wound healing by recognizing damaged cells and help remove them

Where do our lymphocyte cells originate from?

Stem cells in the bone marrow

What would happen if an otherwise healthy person had to have their spleen removed after an accident?

The person would become more likely yo get infections as their capacity to activate immune cells would be reduced

How do you proceed?

There is a broken capillary nearby - I try to gain access to the circulatory system

If a person has previously received a vaccine to a particular disease and currently is not infected with it, what pattern of antibodies would we expect to see in their blood serum?

There would be pathogen reactive IgG in the blood, but not much IgM

Based on your observations of the map data, which of the following statements is true of the data displayed?

Vaccine coverage improvement was inconsistent across the planet

Should any of these samples be retested?

Yes, samples 8 and 5.