Lab Simulation: Cell Structure: Cell Theory and Internal Organelles

Which organelle is a close friend of the nucleus? It can be either smooth or rough, and has many functions, including producing proteins that the cell needs.

Endoplasmic reticulum

Which category do plant cells fall into?

Eukaryote

Which cell contains mitochondria, a membrane bound organelle, which provides a cell with energy?

Eukaryotic

true or false: in a coupled reaction, some of the energy released in one reaction is used to drive another reaction forward.

true

Cells that help maintain the barrier function of the epithelial tissue

Microvilli and cell junction

You have just witnessed the process of cell division! What conclusion can you draw from your observation?

All cells arise from pre-existing cells

Based on your microscope observations, which of the following statements is the correct first principle of cell theory? 1) plant and animal cells are the same 2) larger cells can be broken down into smaller cells 3) cells and compartments are equal 4) all organisms are made up of one or more cells

All organisms are made up of one or more cells

Lysosomes and centrosomes function as a "garbage disposal" system. In which type of cells can these be found?

Animal cells

The cell membrane separates the interior of a cell from its external environment. Which cell type needs this?

Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Which of the following statements is the correct second principle of cell theory? 1) cell DNA is the base unit of life 2) cells are the structural and organizational unit of life 3) all organisms are composed of multiple cells 4) DNA is the structural and organizational unit of life

Cells are the structural and organizational unit of life

What is an organelle that can break down foreign matter and dead cells?

Centrosome

In addition to a cell membrane, what other features are universal to all cells?

Cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes

which is a by-product of photosynthesis? glucose oxygen carbon dioxide water energy

oxygen

What is a specialized cell type that generates nervous impulses?

Axon and dendrite

What is an organelle that receives, sorts, and processes cell proteins to use inside and outside of the cell?

Golgi apparatus

This organelle provides energy for the cell and is often called the "powerhouse"

Mitochondria

Which organelle contains the genetic instructions to code for proteins synthesis?

Nucleus

Chloroplasts are a specialized structure that converts sunlight into energy. Which cell type requires these?

Plant cells

The cell wall is an important structure to help a cell maintain rigidity and strength. Which cell type requires this?

Plant cells

Which category should bacterial cells be placed into?

Prokaryote

In which cell can DNA be found in direct contact with the cytoplasm? That is

Prokaryotic

What is the cellular structure that synthesizes proteins?

Ribosomes

Muscle cell with the ability to contract

Sarcomere

ATP contains?

an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups

Which of the following list of organelles would be found in all animal cells? 1) chloroplast, nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall 2) cell membrane, nucleus, cell wall 3) nucleus, chloroplast, cell membrane 4) cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria

cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria

true or false: energy, but not chemicals, may cycle through living things

false

Which of the following combinations include only organelles present in all animal cells? 1) 80S, ribosome, mitochondria, and plasmid 2) nucleus, chloroplast, and Endoplasmic reticulum 3) nucleus, Golgi apparatus, and lysosome 4) 70S ribosome, Golgi apparatus, an Endoplasmic reticulum

nucleus, Golgi apparatus, and lysosome

Which of the following features are found in all fungus cells? 1) plasmid, unicellular, chloroplasts 2) unicellular, cytoplasm, DNA 3) nucleus, multicellular, chloroplasts 4) nucleus, mitochondria, DNA

nucleus, mitochondria, DNA

Which of the following statements is true? It might help to remember that you are a eukaryotic organism. 1) eukaryotic organisms are always unicellular 2) eukaryotic organisms are neither unicellular nor multicellular 3) prokaryotic organisms can be either unicellular or multicellular 4) prokaryotic organisms are always unicellular

prokaryotic organisms are always unicellular