LABS

What should I eat if my red blood cells are low?

5 nutrients that increase red blood cell counts red meat, such as beef. organ meat, such as kidney and liver. dark, leafy, green vegetables, such as spinach and kale. dried fruits, such as prunes and raisins. beans. legumes. egg yolks.

What does Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) tell you?

A BUN test is done to see how well your kidneys are working. If your kidneys are not able to remove urea from the blood normally, your BUN level rises. Heart failure, dehydration, or a diet high in protein can also make your BUN level higher. Liver disease or damage can lower your BUN level.

What's included in a CBC? WRHHP

A CBC test usually includes: White blood cell (WBC, leukocyte) count. White blood cell types (WBC differential) Red blood cell (RBC) count Hematocrit (HCT, packed cell volume, PCV) Hemoglobin (Hgb) Red blood cell indices Platelet (thrombocyte) count Mean platelet volume (MPV)

What do calcium levels tell you?

A blood calcium test is ordered to screen for, diagnose, and monitor a range of conditions relating to the bones, heart, nerves, kidneys, and teeth. The test may also be ordered if a person has symptoms of a parathyroid disorder, malabsorption, or an overactive thyroid.

What is elevated hematocrit called? polycythemia/erythrocytosis/dehydration

A hematocrit level above the normal range, meaning too many red blood cells, may indicate polycythemia or erythrocytosis, and dehydration

What causes high Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)?

A high BUN value may be caused by a high-protein diet, Addison's disease, or tissue damage (such as from severe burns), or from bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract. High BUN-to-creatinine ratios occur with sudden (acute) kidney problems, which may be caused by shock or severe dehydration

What does it mean when your chloride is high (hyperchloremia)?

A high chloride level is an increased level of blood chloride (called hyperchloremia) that usually indicates dehydration, but can also occur with other problems that cause high blood sodium, such as Cushing syndrome or kidney disease. Cortisol affects the water and electrolyte balance, increasing retention of water and sodium.

What are the symptoms of high platelet count?

A high platelet count can cause blood clots to develop spontaneously. The signs and symptoms of a high platelet count are linked to blood clots and bleeding. They include: fatigue weakness, bleeding, headache, vision changes dizziness, chest pain, and tingling in the hands and feet.

Why would platelets be high?

A high platelet count may be referred to as thrombocytosis. This is usually the result of an existing condition (also called secondary or reactive thrombocytosis), such as Cancer, most commonly lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, or lymphoma.

What does it mean when your blood urea nitrogen is low?

A low BUN value may be caused by a diet very low in protein, malnutrition, or severe liver damage. Drinking excessive amounts of liquid may cause over-hydration and cause a low BUN value. Women and children may have lower BUN levels than men because of how their bodies break down protein.

What does low RBCs mean?

A low RBC count could also indicate a vitamin B6, B12 or folate deficiency. It may also signify internal bleeding, kidney disease or malnutrition (where a person's diet doesn't contain enough nutrients to meet their body's needs).

RBC levels (4.2-6.1 million)

A normal RBC count would be: men - 4.7 to 6.1 million cells per microlitre (cells/mcL) women - 4.2 to 5.4 million cells/mcL.

Albumin levels (3.4-5.4 g/dl)

A normal albumin range is 3.4 to 5.4 g/dL

Lymphocyte levels (1,000 - 4,800 microliter)

A normal lymphocyte count for adults usually is between 1,000 and 4,800 lymphocytes per microliter of blood

Platelet levels (150,000 to 450,000)

A normal platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. Having more than 450,000 platelets is a condition called thrombocytosis; having less than 150,000 is known as thrombocytopenia.

What is Addison's disease (adrenal insufficiency)?

Addison's disease, also called adrenal insufficiency, is an uncommon disorder that occurs when your body doesn't produce enough of certain hormones. In Addison's disease, your adrenal glands, located just above your kidneys, produce too little cortisol and, often, too little aldosterone.. Addison's disease is a rare but serious adrenal gland disorder in which the body can't produce enough of two critical hormones, cortisol and aldosterone. Patients with Addison's will need hormone replacement therapy for life.

What does adrenal glands aka suprarenal glands do?

Adrenal glands, also known as suprarenal glands, are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of both kidneys. Adrenal glands produce hormones that help regulate your metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress, and other essential functions.

What is the main function of albumin?

Albumin is a protein made by your liver. Albumin helps keep fluid in your bloodstream so it doesn't leak into other tissues. It is also carries various substances throughout your body, including hormones, vitamins, and enzymes. Low albumin levels can indicate a problem with your liver or kidneys.

What does albumin do?

Albumin keeps fluid from leaking out of blood vessels, nourishes tissues, and transports hormones, vitamins, drugs, and substances like calcium throughout the body.

How does Aldosterone regulate blood pressure?

Aldosterone affects the body's ability to regulate blood pressure. It sends the signal to organs, like the kidney and colon, that can increase the amount of sodium the body sends in to the bloodstream or the amount of potassium released in the urine.

Where aldosterone (hormone) is made?

Aldosterone is produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands, which are located above the kidneys.

What does aldosterone (hormone) do?

Aldosterone regulates BP pressure and blood volume Increases reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys and increases secretion of potassium

What is Alodsterone (hormone)?

Aldosterone, a hormone produced and secreted by the adrenal glands, signals the kidneys to retain more sodium and excrete more potassium.

What does a high eosinophil count mean? parasitic infection/caner/allergic reaction

An abnormal high Eosinophils level most often indicates a parasitic infection, an allergic reaction or cancer. You can have high levels of eosinophils in your blood (blood eosinophilia) or in tissues at the site of an infection or inflammation (tissue eosinophilia). A count of more than 500 cells per microliter of blood is considered eosinophilia.

What happens if your basophils are high? chronic inflammation

An abnormally high basophil level is called basophilia. It can be a sign of chronic inflammation in your body. Or it can mean that a condition is causing too many white blood cells to be produced in your bone marrow.

What is an antibody? Immunoglobulin kills bacteria and viruses

An antibody, also known as an immunoglobulin, is a large, Y-shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the pathogen, called an antigen.

What is an antigen? causes immune system to produce antibodies

An antigen is any substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against it. ... An antigen may be a substance from the environment, such as chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or pollen

What is an antiresorptive agent? increase bone strength

Antiresorptive therapies are used to increase bone strength in individuals with osteoporosis and include five principal classes of agents: bisphosphonates, estrogens, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), calcitonin monoclonal antibodies such as denosumab.

Basophil levels (0-300)

Basophils account for less than three percent of your white blood cells. You should have 0 to 300 basophils per microliter of blood.

What do basophils do?

Basophils are a granulocyte cell, which means that they release granules of enzymes to fight against harmful bacteria and germs.

What does chloride do in the body?

Chloride is one of the most important electrolytes in the blood. It helps keep the amount of fluid inside and outside of your cells in balance. It also helps maintain proper blood volume, blood pressure, and pH of your body fluids.

Chloride levels (Cl-) 96 to 106 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L)

Chloride is typically at a normal range of 96 to 106 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L) or 96 to 106 millimoles per liter (millimol/L). Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories.

What are the symptoms of high hemoglobin?

Common symptoms of high Hgb levels include: itchiness. headache. dizziness. getting easily bruised or bleeding. sweating more than usual. painful joint swelling. abnormal weight loss. a yellow tint to the eyes and skin (jaundice)

What is cortisol (hormone)? primary stress hormone

Cortisol -- your "fight-or-flight" hormone -- is designed to let you know when you're in danger.

What does cortisol (primary stress hormone) do?

Cortisol, the primary stress hormone, increases sugars (glucose) in the bloodstream, enhances your brain's use of glucose and increases the availability of substances that repair tissues. Cortisol also curbs functions that would be nonessential or detrimental in a fight-or-flight situation.

What is cortisol (hormone) in the body? primary stress hormone

Cortisol, the primary stress hormone, increases sugars (glucose) in the bloodstream, enhances your brain's use of glucose, and increases the availability of substances that repair tissues. Cortisol also curbs functions that would be nonessential or detrimental in a fight-or-flight situation.

What causes Cushing Syndrome?

Cushing's syndrome can be caused by overuse of cortisol medication, as seen in the treatment of chronic asthma or rheumatoid arthritis (iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome), excess production of cortisol from a tumor in the adrenal gland or elsewhere in the body (ectopic Cushing's syndrome) or a tumor of the pituitary gland ..

What is diabetic ketoacidosis?

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious complication of diabetes when your body can't produce enough insulin that can lead to diabetic coma (passing out for a long time) or even death. When this happens, harmful substances called ketones build up in the body, which can be life-threatening if it's not found and treated quickly. The body starts breaking down fat at a rate that is much too fast and the liver processes the fat into a fuel called ketones, which causes the blood to become acidic. This combination makes your blood too acidic, which can change the normal functioning of internal organs like your liver and kidneys

How to treat diabetic ketoacidosis?

Diabetic ketoacidosis is treated with Fluid replacement - fluids, Electrolytes — such as sodium, potassium, and chloride INSULIN

Diuretics -Furosemide

Diuretic - Furosemide Taking medicine that helps eliminate extra water from the body. It's also prescribed to treat high blood pressure. Generally, by increasing sodium and water excretion, diuretics will cause a concomitant/associated increase in calcium excretion. As they diminish blood volume and alter renal hemodynamics, diuretics enhance calcium reabsorption in the proximal tubule, modulating their usual effects on calcium excretion.

What medications treat low platelet count?

Drugs that boost platelet production. Medications such asromiplostim(Nplate) andeltrombopag(Promacta) help your bone marrow produce more platelets. **These types of drugs can increase your risk of blood clots If your condition is related to an immune system problem, your doctor might prescribe drugs to boost your platelet count. The first-choice drug might be a corticosteroid.

What medications reduce Red Blood Cell count? Hydroxyruea

Drugs that reduce the number of red blood cells Hydroxyruea (Droxia, Hydrea) Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) Ruxolitinib (Jakafi) Busulfan (Busulfex, Myleran)

What do eosinophils do?

Eosinophils are the first on the scene during an allergic reaction. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell. They help fight off infections and play a role in your body's immune response. They can also build up and cause inflammation. In some conditions, the eosinophils can move outside the bloodstream and build up in organs and tissues.

What does it mean when your Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) is high?

Generally, a high blood urea nitrogen level means your kidneys aren't working well. But elevated blood urea nitrogen can also be due to: Urinary tract obstruction.

What is low hematocrit called? anemia

Having low hematocrit levels, which is sometimes called anemia, often makes people feel under the weather

Hematocrit levels (36%-50%)

Hematocrit is the percentage of red cells in your blood. Normal levels of hematocrit for men range from 41% to 50%. Normal level for women is 36% to 48%.

What is Hematocrit (HCT, packed cell volume, PCV) a measurement of? how much red blood cells

Hematocrit, a measurement of how much of your blood is made up of red blood.

What is Hemoglobin (Hgb)? carries oxygen from the lungs to the body

Hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from your lungs and to the rest of your body.

What is high hemoglobin called? polycythemia

High Hgb is known as polycythemia. This means you have too many red blood cells. Polycythemia vera is a cancer of the blood in which your bone marrow overproduces red blood cells. With polycythemia, a blood test also shows that you have a high red blood cell count and high hematocrit.

What does a high monocyte count mean? blood disorder/cancer

High levels of monocytes may indicate the presence of chronic infection, an autoimmune or blood disorder, cancer, or other medical conditions.

What does a high lymphocyte count mean? Leukemia

High lymphocyte blood levels indicate your body is dealing with an infection or other inflammatory condition. Most often, a temporarily high lymphocyte count is a normal effect of your body's immune system working. Sometimes, lymphocyte levels are elevated because of a serious condition, like leukemia.

What does high albumin level tell you?

Higher albumin levels may be caused by acute infections, burns, and stress from surgery or a heart attack

How do I decrease my red blood cell count?

How do I decrease my red blood cell count? High RBC Count Treatment Exercise to improve heart and lung function. Eat less red meat and iron-rich foods. Avoid iron supplements. Keep yourself well hydrated. Avoid diuretics, including coffee and caffeinated drinks. Stop smoking, especially if you have COPD or pulmonary fibrosis.

How do you treat hemoglobin?

How is a high hemoglobin count treated? If a medical condition is causing high hemoglobin levels, your doctor may recommend a procedure or medication to lower it. In a procedure called a phlebotomy, a health professional inserts a needle into your vein and drains blood through a tube into a bag or containe

How serious is parathyroid cancer?

How serious is parathyroid cancer? Parathyroid tumors are often not cancer. But some can be cancer. These tumors can cause hypercalcemia, a serious condition in which the body has too much calcium in it. The exact cause of these tumors is not known.

What is hyperchloremic acidosis?

Hyperchloremic acidosis, or hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, occurs when a loss of bicarbonate (alkali) tips the pH balance in your blood toward becoming too acidic (metabolic acidosis). In response, your body holds onto chloride, causing hyperchloremia. In hyperchloremic acidosis, either your body is losing too much base or retaining too much acid. A base called sodium bicarbonate helps to keep your blood at a neutral pH. A loss of sodium bicarbonate may be caused by: severe diarrhea chronic laxative use proximal renal tubular acidosis, which is failure of the kidneys to reabsorb bicarbonate from urine long-term use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors to treat glaucoma, such as acetazolamide kidney damage

symptoms of hyperparathyroidism

Hyperparathyroidism symptoms: osteoporosis. kidney stones. heart disease. high blood pressure.

What does a low calcium level mean? hypocalcemia

Hypocalcemia is An extremely low calcium level that may cause tingling (often in the lips, tongue, fingers, and feet), muscle aches, spasms of the muscles in the throat (leading to difficulty breathing), stiffening, and spasms of muscles (tetany), seizures, and abnormal heart rhythms.

What is the most common cause of hypoparathyroidism?

Hypoparathyroidism happens when 1 or more of your parathyroid glands are not active enough. They don't make enough parathyroid hormone. This lowers the level of calcium in your blood. The most common cause is injury to or removal of all 4 parathyroid glands.

What are the symptoms of high RBCs?

If you have a high RBC count, you could experience symptoms such as: fatigue. shortness of breath. joint pain. tenderness in the palms of the hands or soles of the feet. itching skin, particularly after a shower or bath. sleep disturbance.

What are the symptoms of low RBCs?

If you have a low RBC count, symptoms could include: fatigue. shortness of breath. dizziness, weakness, or lightheadedness, particularly when you change positions quickly. increased heart rate. headaches. pale skin.

What does low albumin level tell you?

If you have a lower albumin level, you may have malnutrition. It can also mean that you have liver disease or an inflammatory disease.

What does high calcium levels mean in a blood test? hypercalcemia

If your doctor tells you that you have hypercalcemia, it means you have too much calcium in your blood. Some medical conditions can cause it.

Symptoms of elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

In addition, your BUN levels may be checked if you are experiencing symptoms of later-stage kidney disease, such as: Needing to go the bathroom (urinate) frequently or infrequently. Itching. Recurring fatigue. Swelling in your arms, legs, or feet. Muscle cramps. Trouble sleeping.

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) levels (around 7 to 20 mg/dL (2.5 to 7.1 mmol/L))

In general, around 7 to 20 mg/dL (2.5 to 7.1 mmol/L) is considered normal. But normal ranges may vary, depending on the reference range used by the lab, and your age

What causes hyperchloremia?

Like sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes, the concentration of chloride in your body is carefully regulated by your kidneys. Hyperchloremia occurs when the levels of chloride in the blood become too high. There are several ways that hyperchloremia can occur. These include: intake of too much saline solution while in the hospital, such as during a surgery severe diarrhea chronic or acute kidney disease ingestion of salt water extremely high ingestion of dietary salt bromide poisoning, from bromide-containing drugs renal or metabolic acidosis, which happens when the kidneys don't properly eliminate acid from the body or the body makes an excess of acid respiratory alkalosis, a condition that occurs when the amount of carbon dioxide in your blood is too low (such as when a person hyperventilates) long-term use of drugs called carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, which are used to treat glaucoma and other disorders

What are the causes of Hypochloremia?

Low chloride may also occur with congestive heart failure, diabetic ketoacidosis, aldosterone deficiency, prolonged vomiting or gastric suction, Addison disease, emphysema or other chronic lung diseases (causing respiratory acidosis), and with loss of acid from the body (called metabolic alkalosis).

What are the symptoms of low platelet count?

Low platelet symptoms: Easy or excessive bruising (purpura) Superficial bleeding into the skin that appears as a rash of pinpoint-sized reddish-purple spots (petechiae), usually on the lower legs. Prolonged bleeding from cuts. Bleeding from your gums or nose. Blood in urine or stools. Unusually heavy menstrual flows. Fatigue. Enlarged spleen.

What do lymphocytes do? T cells and B cells

Lymphocytes are cells that circulate in your blood that are part of the immune system. There are two main types of lymphocytes: T cells and B cells. B cells produce antibody molecules that can latch on and destroy invading viruses or bacteria.

What do monocytes do?

Monocytes are a type of white blood cell that fight certain infections and help other white blood cells remove dead or damaged tissues, destroy cancer cells, and regulate immunity against foreign substances.

Monocyte levels (2-8%)

Monocytes typically make up a fairly small percentage of your white blood cells. The normal range of each type of white blood cell is: Monocytes: 2 to 8 percent

What does it mean if your neutrophils are low?

Neutropenia is a condition that means that you have lower-than-normal levels of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, in your blood. This might happen due to an infection, but can result from cancer treatment. Avoiding infection is very important!

What do neutrophils do? phagocytes

Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that engulfs invading microbes and contributes to the nonspecific defenses of the body against disease. The primary function of neutrophils is phagocytosis, the ingestion, and destruction of microorganisms or other foreign particles. For this reason, neutrophils are classified as phagocytes. When a neutrophil is faced with a microorganism or foreign particle, phagocytosis begins.

Neutrophil levels (1.5/1,500 -8.0/8,00- microliters)

Normal cell count 1,500-8,000 (1.5-8.0) neutrophils/mcL

How to treat high RBCs? phlebotomy

One way to treat high RBCs is a procedure called a phlebotomy, a health professional inserts a needle into your vein and drains blood through a tube into a bag or container

What is the most common cause of hypercalcemia? (Hyperparathyroidism)

Overactive Parathyroid Glands (Hyperparathyroidism) is the most common cause of hypercalcemia. When these glands are working right, they release parathyroid hormone (PTH) when your blood calcium levels get low.

What is parathyroid cancer?

Parathyroid cancer is a rare disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of a parathyroid gland. The parathyroid glands are four pea-sized organs found in the neck near the thyroid gland. The parathyroid glands make parathyroid hormone (PTH or parathormone).

What does the Parathyroid glands do?

Parathyroid glands release parathyroid hormone (PTH) which increases your blood calcium levels. If the calcium levels are too low, the parathyroid glands will release PTH that will raise blood calcium to the appropriate levels. If the calcium levels are too high, the parathyroid glands will stop releasing PTH to try to bring the calcium back down to normal.

What is parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Parathyroid hormone, also called parathormone or parathyrin, is a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands that regulates the serum calcium concentration through its effects on bone, kidney, and intestine

What does Platelet (thrombocyte) do? blood clotting

Platelets help your blood to clot and stop bleeding,

Why would platelets be low?

Platelets stop bleeding by clumping and forming plugs in blood vessel injuries. Thrombocytopenia might occur as a result of a bone marrow disorder such as leukemia or an immune system problem. Or it can be a side effect of taking certain medications. It affects both children and adults.

What does elevated RBCs mean?

Polycythemia vera is a rare, chronic disorder involving the overproduction of blood cells in the bone marrow (myeloproliferation). The overproduction of red blood cells is most dramatic, but the production of white blood cells and platelets are also elevated in most cases.

Steroids (a lipid) - Prednisone

Prednisone - Steroid Modifies or simulates hormone effects, often to reduce inflammation or for tissue growth and repair. Steroids work directly on target tissues in the bone to increase resorption and decrease formation. Their effects on calcium result in an indirect increase in the destruction by triggering the parathyroid glands to increase the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). This condition is known as secondary hyperparathyroidism.

How does low albumin cause edema?

Proteins in the blood tend to pull water into our blood vessels (acting like a "water magnet"). When the level of protein in the blood is low, water may leave the blood vessels and collect in the tissues. Water in the tissues is called "edema".

What do Red blood cells (RBC) do? carry oxygen

Red blood cells carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. A normal RBC count would be: men - 4.7 to 6.1 million cells per microlitre (cells/mcL) women - 4.2 to 5.4 million cells/mcL.

What is sickle cell anemia?

Sickle cell anemia is an inherited red blood cell disorder in which there aren't enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout your body. Normally, the flexible, round red blood cells move easily through blood vessels.

Symptoms of parathyroid cancer

Signs and symptoms of parathyroid cancer include weakness, feeling tired, and a lump in the neck. Weakness. Feeling very tired. Nausea and vomiting. Loss of appetite. Weight loss for no known reason. Being much more thirsty than usual. Urinating much more than usual. Constipation.

How does chloride and sodium work together?

Sodium, chloride and potassium are electrolytes that work together to regulate nutrients within the cells and regulate bodily fluids. Potassium is the main electrolyte in the fluid inside of cells, while sodium is the principal electrolyte in the fluid outside of cells

How to treat low hematocrit? IV iron, transfusions or meds

Some patients with very low hematocrit may require intravenous iron, transfusions, or medications to stimulate the production of red cells by the bone marrow.

What is the best medicine for low hemoglobin?

Some treatments for low hemoglobin include oxygen, pain relievers, and oral and intravenous fluids to reduce pain and prevent complications. Doctors might also recommend blood transfusions, folic acid supplements and antibiotics. A cancer drug called hydroxyurea (Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) also is used to treat sickle cell anemia.

Symptoms of hypoparathyroidism

Symptoms of hypoparathyroidism a tingling sensation (paraesthesia) in your fingertips, toes, and lips. twitching facial muscles. muscle pains or cramps, particularly in your legs, feet, or tummy. tiredness. mood changes, such as feeling irritable, anxious, or depressed. dry, rough skin.

What are the symptoms of low albumin?

Symptoms of low albumin are: excess protein in the urine shown by a urine test. fluid retention that causes swelling, especially of the feet or hands. signs of jaundice, including yellow skin or eyes. feelings of weakness or exhaustion. rapid heartbeat. vomiting, diarrhea, and nausea. appetite changes. thinning hair.

What are the White blood cell types (WBC differential)? NLMEB

The FIVE major types of white blood cells are 1. neutrophils , 2. lymphocytes, 3. monocytes, 4. eosinophils, 5. basophils. A test called a CBC with differential also measures the number of each type of these white blood cells,

What does a CBC check for?

The complete blood count (CBC) is a group of tests that evaluate the cells that circulate in the blood, including red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets (PLTs). The CBC can evaluate your overall health and detect a variety of diseases and conditions, such as infections, anemia, and leukemia.

What is CMP (Complete Metabolic Panel)?

The comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) is a group of 14 tests that measures several different substances in your blood.

Eosinophil levels (30-350)

The count may range a bit between different laboratories, but a normal range is usually between 30 and 350.

How is hyperchloremia treated?

The exact treatment for hyperchloremia will depend on its cause: For dehydration, treatment will include hydration. If you received too much saline, the supply of saline will be stopped until you recover. If your medications are causing the issue, your doctor might modify or stop the medication. For a kidney problem, you'll likely be referred to a nephrologist, a doctor specializing in kidney health. You may need dialysis to filter your blood in place of your kidneys if your condition is severe. Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis may be treated with a base called sodium bicarbonate. If you have hyperchloremia, keep yourself well hydrated. Avoid caffeine and alcohol, as these can make dehydration worse.

What causes low albumin?

The following can causes low albumin Levels of albumin may decrease, to a greater or lesser degree, when conditions interfere with its production by the liver, increase protein breakdown, increase protein loss via the kidneys, and/or expand the volume of plasma, the liquid portion of blood (diluting the blood).

What medication stimulates the production of red cells by the bone marrow? Procrit, Epogen, and Aranesp

The medications that stimulate RBCS are given by injection (shot) and work by stimulating the production of more red blood cells. These cells are then released from the bone marrow into the bloodstream. There are two Erythropoietin Stimulating Agents/ESAs on the U.S. market: epoetin alfa (Procrit,® Epogen®), and darbepoietin alfa (Aranesp®).

What is the most common cause of hyperparathyroidism?

The most common cause of hyperparathyroidism is: Primary hyperparathyroidism occurs because of some problem with one or more of the four parathyroid glands: A noncancerous growth (adenoma) on a gland is the most common cause. Enlargement (hyperplasia) of two or more parathyroid glands accounts for most other cases.

WBC levels (4.5-11.0/4,500-11,000 liters)

The normal number of WBCs in the blood is 4,500 to 11,000 WBCs per microliter (4.5 to 11.0 × 109/L)

Hemoglobin levels (12-17)

The normal range for hemoglobin is: For men, 13.5 to 17.5 grams per deciliter. For women, 12.0 to 15.5 grams per deciliter.

What are the parathyroid glands?

The parathyroid glands can be thought of as the "calcium thermostat" of the body. The parathyroid glands are a group of four glands neighboring the thyroid gland that are the main regulators of the blood calcium in your body

Can a CBC detect heart problems?

The results of a complete blood count test can show if you have anemia, or low levels of red blood cells, which can worsen heart failure. Doctors also use blood tests to check for underlying conditions, such as diabetes, which can contribute to heart failure.

What are the symptoms of a high calcium level?

The symptoms of a high calcium level are: Loss of appetite. Nausea and vomiting. Constipation and abdominal (belly) pain. The need to drink more fluids and urinate more. Tiredness, weakness, or muscle pain. Confusion, disorientation, and difficulty thinking. Headaches. Depression.

symptoms of hyperchloremia/high chloride

The symptoms that may indicate a chloride imbalance include: excessive fatigue. muscle weakness. breathing problems. frequent vomiting. prolonged diarrhea. excessive thirst. high blood pressure.

Does CBC show viral infection?

The things to look for in the CBC that support the presence of an infectious process are the white blood cell count (WBC) and differential. In non-localized infections of bacterial and viral origin, the total WBC count is elevated in non-immunosupressed patients.

What are the types of parathyroid disease?

There are three types of parathyroid disease: hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid cancer and hypoparathyroidism.

What is included in a CMP lab test?

This panel measures the blood levels of albumin, blood urea nitrogen, calcium, carbon dioxide, chloride, creatinine, glucose, potassium, sodium, total bilirubin and protein, and liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate aminotransferase).

What are low platelets (less than 150,000 is known as thrombocytopenia) called? thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia is a condition in which you have a low blood platelet count. Platelets (thrombocytes) are colorless blood cells that help blood clot. Platelets stop bleeding by clumping and forming plugs in blood vessel injuries

What are high platelets called (more than 450,000 platelets)? thrombocytosis

Thrombocytosis (throm-boe-sie-TOE-sis) is a disorder in which your body produces too many platelets. It's called reactive thrombocytosis or secondary thrombocytosis when the cause is an underlying condition, such as an infection.

How to treat high calcium?

Treat high calcium levels with: 1. Supportive care - IV fluids 2. Surgery - parathyroidectomy 3. Medications: Zoledronic acid, steroid (Prednisone), Diuretic

Treating hypochloremia

Treating hypochloremia you may receive intravenous (IV) fluids, such as normal saline solution, to restore electrolytes to normal levels. Your doctor may also request that you have your electrolyte levels tested regularly for monitoring purposes. If your hypochloremia is mild, then it can sometimes be corrected by an adjustment to your diet.

How do you treat high platelet count?

Treatment may include the following: OTC low-dose aspirin (Bayer) may reduce blood clotting. Prescription medications can lower the risk of clotting or reduce platelet production in the bone marrow. Platelet pheresis. This procedure removes platelets directly from the blood.

What are the symptoms of low hemoglobin?

Typical symptoms of low hemoglobin include: weakness. shortness of breath. dizziness. fast, irregular heartbeat. pounding in the ears. headache. cold hands and feet. pale or yellow skin.

What causes hypocalcemia? Vitamin D inadequacy

Vitamin D inadequacy or vitamin D resistance. Hypoparathyroidism following surgery. Hypoparathyroidism owing to autoimmune disease or genetic causes. Renal disease or end-stage liver disease causing vitamin D inadequacy.

What Is Hypochloremia/low chloride?

What Is Hypochloremia? Hypochloremia is an electrolyte imbalance and is indicated by a low level of chloride in the blood.

What are the effects of high cortisol levels?

What are the effects of high cortisol levels? What happens if I have too much cortisol? rapid weight gain mainly in the face, chest and abdomen contrasted with slender arms and legs. a flushed and round face. high blood pressure. osteoporosis. skin changes (bruises and purple stretch marks) muscle weakness. mood swings, which show as anxiety, depression or irritability.

Symptoms of hypocalcemia

What are the symptoms of hypocalcemia? confusion or memory loss. muscle spasms. numbness and tingling in the hands, feet, and face. depression. hallucinations. muscle cramps. weak and brittle nails. easy fracturing of the bones.

Treatments of hypocalcemia

What is the first-line treatment for hypercalcemia? Aggressive intravenous rehydration is the mainstay of management in severe hypercalcemia, and antiresorptive agents, such as calcitonin and bisphosphonates, frequently can alleviate the clinical manifestations of hypercalcemic disorders.

What is the treatment for parathyroid cancer?

What is the treatment for parathyroid cancer? Treatment of metastatic parathyroid cancer may include the following: Surgery (metastasectomy) to remove cancer from the places where it has spread. Surgery followed by radiation therapy.

What are the symptoms of low hematocrit?

What symptoms do you experience if your hematocrit is low? Tiredness. Lack of concentration. Shortness of breath. Headaches. Heavy menstrual cycles. Grumpiness.

What are the symptoms of high hematocrit?

What symptoms do you have if you have a high hematocrit? Tiredness. Shortness of breath. Flushed skin. Sweating. Dizziness. Joint pain. Itching. Headaches.

What are the treatments for high hematocrit?

What to do for abnormally high hematocrit levels. Certain lifestyle changes, like quitting smoking and staying hydrated, can help lower high red blood cell counts. Staying hydrated is especially important because fluids help keep the blood from getting too concentrated.

What enzymes does basophils release?

When activated, basophils degranulate to release histamine, proteoglycans (e.g. heparin and chondroitin), and proteolytic enzymes (e.g. elastase and lysophospholipase)

What is low hemoglobin called? anemia

When you don't have enough healthy red blood cells, you have a condition called anemia. This means your blood has lower than normal hemoglobin (Hgb) levels. Hemoglobin is the part of the red blood cell (RBC) that carries oxygen to all the cells in your body. Anemia is a common side effect in patients with cancer

What are White blood cell (WBC, leukocyte) count? fight infection

White blood cells, which fight infection.

What medications treat high platelet count?

Your doctor may suggest one of the following prescription drugs, perhaps along with low-dose aspirin, to reduce your platelet count: Hydroxyurea (Droxia, Hydrea.) ... Anagrelide (Agrylin). ... Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) or peginterferon alfa-2a (Pegasys).

How to treat low RBCs?

Your doctor or health care provider may prescribe or suggest to treat your low red blood count: Epoetin alfa (PROCRIT®). Darbepoetin (Aranesp®). Iron supplement. Multivitamin. A diet high in protein. A red bterm-83lood cell transfusion.

zoldronic acid (bone health)

Zoldronic acid can treat high blood calcium levels. In addition it can treat bone damage caused by Paget's disease, multiple myeloma, and cancers that spread to the bone. It can also treat osteoporosis and reduce the risk of hip fractures in certain patients.

Where are the adrenal glands located?

above your kidneys

What is a CBC?

complete blood count

What is Cushing's syndrome?

excessive cortisol (hormone) production

symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis

symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis Excessive thirst. Frequent urination. Nausea and vomiting. Stomach pain. Weakness or fatigue. Shortness of breath. Fruity-scented breath. Confusion

What are the symptoms of hypochloremia (low chloride)?

symptoms of hypochloremia (low chloride) fluid loss. dehydration. weakness or fatigue. difficulty breathing. diarrhea or vomiting, caused by fluid loss.

What is Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) ?

the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test reveals important information about how well your kidneys and liver are working. A BUN test measures the amount of urea nitrogen that's in your blood. Urea nitrogen comes from the breakdown of protein in the foods you eat.

Calcium levels (8.6-10.3)

the normal range for blood calcium level is 8.6 to 10.3 mg/dL.