Language Art 2H novels edition

Irony

"He must be crazy," (Knowles 163). Irony is shown in A Separate Peace when Finny and Gene were talking about Leper hiding in a shrub. Gene says that Leper must be crazy to be hiding in the shrub, but the irony is that he actually is crazy because of what he went through in the war. This is a Verbal Irony because of what Gene said wasn't what he actually meant about Leper. Knowles put that Irony in that scene in order for the awkwardness that was present to disappear. TKAM:So Jem received most of his information from Miss Stephanie Crawford, a neighborhood scold. She talks a lot. [In actuality, Jem is misinformed.] OMAM: The only way to have peace is death and right before curley's wife had died, she got that human connection she always wanted but then that human connection led to her death. F451: As the reader we naturally think of firemen as people who put out fires. Bradbury has created the situational irony in this story by having Montag be a fireman who starts fires. TOTS: When Petruchio and other men are betting their wives, later Petruchio wins, because Katherine's appearance comes out unexpectedly. OTK: Depends on the audience's knowing something that the character does not, and in this play the audience knows Oedipus faith before he knows it himself.

Mood

"I walked down the aisle past the rows of lockers, and instead of turning left toward the exit leading back to my dormitory, I turned right and followed the Army Air Force out onto the playing fields of Devon." (Knowles 203). Mood is shown in A Separate Peace when the boys go their separate ways to join the war in which the mood remains dark. All the boys went different ways, some boys were going to die in the war or survive, the scene wa dark because it wasn't known what was going to happen to the boys. This is significant because by reading this sentence it creates a sense of loss and tragedy by thinking that Gene will be going to war. What the reader is supposed to get from that is that although Gene pushed Finny off the tree, their friendship is still a part of his life and to think that Gene won't be going to the army with his best friend, it should feel sad. TKAM:readers may feel fear and concern for the stories she hears, the events she witnesses, and the prejudices she faces. OMAM: mood at bunkhouse is lonely, depressing, life less, ordinary. Symbolizes other ranch workers. F451: "IT WAS A PLEASURE TO BURN, IT was a special pleasure to see things eaten, to see things blackened and changed. With the brass nozzle in his fists, with this great python spitting its venomous kerosene upon the world, the blood pounded in his head, and his hands were the hands of some amazing conductor playing all the symphonies of blazing and burning to bring down the tatters and charcoal ruins of history. With his symbolic helmet numbered 451 on his stolid head, and his eyes all orange flame with the thought of what came next, he flicked the igniter and the house jumped up in a gorging fire that burned the evening sky red and yellow and black. He strode in a swarm of fireflies. He wanted above all, like the old joke, to shove a marshmallow on a stick in the furnace, while the flapping pigeon-winged books died on the porch and lawn of the house. While the books went up in sparkling whirls and blew away on a wind turned dark with burning." TOTS: Chaotic and embarrassing in ACT #3 when Petruchio comes late to the wedding and comes with ridiculous clothing. OTK: Mood usually is coming from the chorus and how they are feeling.

Point of View

ASP: " I went back to the Devon School not long ago, and found it looking oddly newer than when I was a student there fifteen years before" (Knowles 9). The Point of view is shown in A Separate Peace in the beginning when Gene starts off telling the reader about his trip to go visit Devon. This significant because it shows the reader that the book is going to be in first person point of view, or in other words, Gene's point of view. Gene's point of view is half positive and half negative. When Gene starts to think about pushing Finny off the tree, it turns negative, but when Gene thinks about the friendship between hi m and Finny, the Point of View turns positive. TKAM: The first sentence of the novel, reveals the story is told from a first person point of view OMAM:The point of view used by John Steinbeck in the novel Of Mice and Men is third person omniscient and objective. F451:Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 is written from the point of view of the third person limited omniscient. The 'third person' refers to a person who's telling the story but who is not actually a part of it. TOTS: A play is going on and Sly and the boy servant are seeing the play. OTK: is portrayed in third-person dramatic/objective point of view. Third-person dramatic view is where the author only provides the information of the setting and plot, but not the internal thoughts and emotions of the characters.

Structure

ASP: " I went back to the Devon School not long ago, and found it looking oddly newer than when I was a student there fifteen years before" (Knowles 9). The Structure is shown in A Separate Peace in the beginning of the book because it shows that Gene will be telling his story during his time at Devon. This is significant because it shows that Gene will be having flashbacks about his time at Devon and the last moments at Devon. Gene also goes back and forth, he sometimes tells the story from his flashbacks or sometimes present day. The author structured his novel by saying where Gene was located at the moment and where he went to school. TKAM: Structure: cyclical OMAM: George is not mad at Lennie and he has never been mad at Lennie and George just wants Lennie's last moments to be peaceful which shows the cyclical structure the book has. F451:The structure of the book is divided into 3 sections. This gives the plot time to transition and flow coherently throughout the book. They also use sections in between the book since they are so long. Since there are less sections, they had to put more of the text in them so that they would fit. OTK:Prologue, first episode, first stasimon, second episode,2nd stasimon, 3rd episode, 3rd stasimon, fourth episode, exodos.

Style (Author's Style)

ASP: " They gathered there, thicker by the minute ,like noiseless invaders conquering because they took possession so gently." (Knowles 84). Style is shown in A Separate Peace in different parts of the book. A Separate Peace is usually known for its imagery. There is negative and positive imagery throughout the book. Some negative imagery is used to represent the distress of the war that was also present at the time. Imagery is used over and over again because it gives the reader a very in-depth understanding of all the aspects surrounding him. TKAM: Scout's just heard that Tom Robinson has been shot and killed. But instead of getting Scout's feelings, we read a series of sentences describing the actions of the two older women. It's almost like we're there, watching the scene as it happens. Without Scout telling us what she feels (and therefore giving us a hint as to what we should feel), we're free to come up with our own emotional reactions to the situation OMAM: Steinbeck uses a lot of imagery when their would be a new location. F451:Is well-known for his incredibly descriptive style. He employs figurative language(mostly similes, metaphors, and personifications) throughout the novel and enriches his story with symbolism. TOTS:The Taming of the Shrew is famous for its fast-paced and witty dialogue - playful banter between characters is often full of clever punning, plays on words, and a lot of bawdy humor. OTK:The regular, formal rhythm of the iambic pentameter is dropped, and is instead replaced with rhyming couplets like this one. It's a jolt for the reader, which reminds us that the Chorus is separate from the other characters. Its job is to comment on the behavior that's happening on-stage, and this shift in the writing style, to a less formal, more sing-song-y style, is an effective sign that that's what's going down.

Characterization

ASP: "Finny never permitted himself to realize that when you won they lost" (Knowles 35). Characterization is shown in A Separate Peace when Finny would allow himself to always to think about him winning because he couldn't think about the other person losing. This is significant because it later on created his personality. Finny always wants to prove to himself that he is the best student athlete at Devon. Knowles characterized Finny that way because he wanted to create some suspense in the characters which was accomplished when Gene pushes Finny off the tree. TKAM: Stephanie Crawford is "a neighborhood scold" (1.50), Boo Radley is "a malevolent phantom" (1.43), and Mrs. Dubose is "plain hell" (1.14). OMAM: Curley:Short, stocky, fat, suspicious of George and Lennie, outwardly, arrogant, overly defensive. Curley's wife was pretty, but dangerous and flirtatious w/ Lennie. Lennie was tall and dumb and George would take care of Lennie . F451:Through Montag, the reader learns valuable information about Clarisse. For one thing, her family does not watch television in the parlor; instead, they talk to each other. And, she does seemingly silly things, like stand in the rain because she likes how it feels. She's not afraid of a fireman.Montag is the protagonist, an unhappy, complacent man who is thirty years old. He has been a fireman for ten years. Mildred Montag (Millie) reveals to Montag the alienated existence of citizens in his society. She has never wanted children and considers her family to be television characters.Captain Beatty The antagonist of the book and Montag's superior, the Fire Captain, who functions as the apologist for the dystopian culture in which Montag lives. TOTS: At first, Kate seems like a shrew and she's disobedient Lucentio seems ambitious, kind, and appreciation for learning. Petruchio: outspoken, angry, and mean to servants. OTK: Oedipus was determined,loyal ruler,, faces fear, but has HUBRIS however his weaknesses were that he gets angry and denies fate. Jocasta is compassionate,understandable skepticism but she abandons her baby and sins. Tiresias tells the future and can see even though he is blind however he is blind and grumpy and mostly ignored.

Theme

ASP: "He had never been jealous of me for a second. Now I knew that there was and never could have been any rivalry between us" (Knowles 59). The Theme is shown in A Separate Peace when Gene found out that his made theory about Finny trying to ruin his studies. Although Finny wasn't jealous of Gene, Gene was jealous of Finny because Finny was the most popular boy and was the best athlete at Devon. At the end, Gene says that when he found out that Finny had died, he didn't cry because he didn't feel that anything was missing in his life. The reader is supposed to learn that jealousy can lead to bad things, or in this case jealousy led to death. TKAM:One of the major themes in the novel is the mockingbird motif. Atticus feels that it is wrong to kill a mockingbird because all they do is sing beautiful songs and never harm anyone. This theme is illustrated through the trial of Tom Robinson. A black man, Tom Robinson is accused of raping Mayella Ewell, a white woman. OMAM:: A major theme in the novel is friendship. Even though Lennie and George have their conflicts, they remain the closest of friends. And, of course, George exacts the ultimate act of friendship at the end of the novel. F451:The central idea, or main theme, of the novel Fahrenheit 451 is censorship. In Bradbury's dystopian society, the authoritarian government censors all works of literature, and it is illegal to own books. TOTS: 1. Conflict between the genders,2. Desire to increase social standing, 3. lords(nobility) vs. peasants, 4. Use of disguises to trick. OTK:Hubris, sight/blindness, conflict,fate/free will, chorus's view on oedipus. MAIN THEME "YOU CAN'T BE MASTER AT EVERYTHING"

Tone

ASP: "I did not cry then or ever about Finny" (Knowles 194). Tone is shown in A Separate Peace when Gene explains that he didn't cry when Finny died or when he was at his funeral. This is significant because it creates a dark tone when he says that he didn't cry at all for Finny. The tone impacts the story because it shows that Gene was never a loyal friend to Finny. When Gene accused Finny of trying to ruin his studies and when Gene was trying to ruin Finny's life, it showed the dark side of Gene. TKAM: tone of To Kill a Mockingbird changes over the course of the novel from chatty and innocent to dark and knowing as Scout loses a degree of her innocence. OMAM: Curley and Lennie fight, Lennie beats Curley's hand. Tone went from Hopeful to a sad reality to not owning their own farm. F451: "He saw himself in her eyes, suspended in two shining drops of bright water, himself dark and tiny, in fine detail, the lines about his mouth, everything there, as if her eyes were two miraculous bits of violet amber that might capture and hold him intact. Her face, turned to him now, was fragile milk crystal with a soft and constant light in it. It was not the hysterical light of electricity but-what? But the strangely comfortable and rare and gently flattering light of the candle." TOTS: feels as if women should know their roles in society during the Elizabethan time period. At the end, Kate becomes an obedient woman just like the rest of the other woman in her time period. OTK:The Oedipus myth had been around, so Sophocles's audience would have been familiar with the tragic ending before the play began. This has a distinct impact on the tone of the plays.

Exposition

ASP: " I went back to the Devon School not long ago, and found it looking oddly newer than when I was a student there fifteen years before" (Knowles 9). Exposition is shown in A Separate Peace in the very first sentence of the book. This shows the exposition because it shows that Gene went back to visit Devon and goes back in time. It also shows that he was a student there fifteen years ago and that he is telling the story around his early 30s. One learns that the story will be a flashback of Genes time at Devon School which will help the reader throughout the story. TKAM:We are introduced to the major and minor characters: Scout, Jem, Atticus, Dill & Boo Radley. The reader is told Jem has a broken elbow, but never told how it was broke. The story takes place in Maycomb, Alabama during the Great Depression OMAM:George and Lennie are sitting on a river bed a few miles south of Soledad beside the Salinas River. John Steinbeck describes how the river was warm and on one side of the river, the 'golden foothill slopes curve up to the strong and rocky Gabilan mountains. F451:The setting of the novel is in a dystopian society where firemen burn books instead of putting out fires. Montag is a fireman who meets his new neighbor Clarisse McClellan. Clarisse is a 17-year-old girl who becomes the catalyst of Montag's self-awareness. She asks Montag if he is happy with his life. TOTS: Lucentio arrives in Padua with his servant Tranio,and falls in love with Bianca. Gremio and Hortensio are trying to court Bianca. Bianca isn't allowed to get married until Katerine does. Petruchio arrives in Padua looking for a rich wife. OTK: we learn the story is set in Thebes and the central conflict is that Thebes is being ravished with plague

Dialect

ASP: "'Give it the old college try" (Knowles 182). Dialect is shown in A Separate Peace when Phil Latham said his most used saying to people which was the only time he would speak. This is significant because this shows that when Finny was in the hospital, Phil would be saying to give the bone the old college try because it means to allows push through and attack things. Knowles use that saying because while Finny was in the hospital it gave him unseeable force to push through. It was used throughout the book as well as in this scene to give power and strength. TKAM: the way Scout has a southern way to speak. F451:they use for futuristic language. OMAM: There is cussing, poor grammar, and slang throughout the novel when the men talk: "An' whatta I got... I got you! You can't keep a job and you lose me ever' job I get. Jus' keep me shovin' all over the country all the time" (12). This is an accurate representation of how people talk and interact with each other. TOTS: Shakespearean language OTK:Formal

Foreshadowing

ASP: "SO the more things remain the same, the more they change after all...nothing endures, not a tree, not love, no even death by violence"Foreshadows the two accidents of finny, the first one being when Finny fell off the tre, and the other second was when Finny fell down the stairs. Gene foreshadows Finny's death by " death by violence" TKAM: When scout explains that Jem broke his arm which foreshadows when Mr. Ewell attacks Scout and Jem. OMAM: The mood of the bunkhouse was lonely and depressing which foreshadows that Lennie and George will get in trouble once again. F451: "Or was the atmosphere compressed merely by someone standing very quietly there, waiting?" TOTS:Tranio says that Lucentio should enjoy himself and foreshadows lucentio courting Bianca. OTK:Oedipus's name, which literally means "swollen foot," foreshadows his discovery of his own identity.

Diction

ASP: "that funereal tree by the river" (90). In a description of the fatal accident, the author describes the scene as taking place in the "funereal tree." The accident that occurred in this tree permanently ended Finny's athletic career. By naming the tree the "funereal tree," Knowles creates a melancholy tone. This tone aids the author in relating to the audience that Finny's athletic abilities are officially. TKAM:The diction Lee in this opening passage can be described as formal even though scout was a young girl. OMAM:when George and Lennie speak, their diction is that of uneducated men, some of whom cannot even read. F451:The use of non-medical terms acts to create an emotional distance between the patience and the treatment. Mildred's blood is "liquid melancholy," not the stuff of life but instead of misery and isolation. TOTS: Shakespeare uses words that roll off the tongue; he combined rhythm and alliteration to keep the euphonious sound consistent within the dialogue; word is is languid and poetic;applies to every part of the play. OTK: Diction in the beginning demonstrates Oedipus's self-importance and subconscious abuse of power.

Connotation

ASP: -"the funeral tree"-negative connotation TKAM: Tree by the Radley House The tree is Boo's attempt to reach out to the children. It is his contact with society and when Mr. Nathan fills it up with cement, he cuts off Boo from Jem, Scout, and everyone else. OMAM:The use of the N-word in the novel gives readers a bad feeling. The N-word has a negative connotation, or negative feelings connected with it. The negative feeling connected with the N-word adds meaning to the theme that Crooks doesn't matter on the ranch because of his race. F451:book burning carries an emotional or connotative meaning. For the audience reading the book in 1953, the year it was published, book burning would have brought back frightening memories of nighttime bonfires of forbidden texts in Nazi Germany. Book burning was not simply an objective fact, but stood for tyranny, totalitarianism, The Sieve and the Sand," is taken from Montag's childhood memory of trying to fill a sieve with sand on the beach to get a dime from a mischievous cousin and crying at the futility of the task. He compares this memory to his attempt to read the whole Bible as quickly as possible on the subway in the hope that, if he reads fast enough, some of the material will stay in his memory. TOTS: A stubborn person may be described as being either strong-willed or pig-headed. Although these have the same literal meaning (i.e. stubborn), strong-willed connotes admiration for the level of someone's will, while pig-headed connotes frustration in dealing with someone.

Anithero

ASP: -Gene is the protagonist and the antagonist which makes him an antihero TKAM: Bob Ewell OMAM: Lennie is the anti-hero since he always is doing the opposite of George and always getting them in trouble. F451: TOTS: Katherine and Petruchio, both protagonists, struggle with each other throughout the play. Most critics see Katherine's shrewish behavior as the "villain" because it's the thing that must be overcome in order for Kate and Petruchio to live happily ever after. OTK:Fate. If our protagonist, Oedipus, struggles against anything, it is his own fate

Alliteration

ASP: :"super suicide society of the summer session" TKAM: As Scout relates the family history, she describes her father's law office in the sixth paragraph:Atticus's office in the courthouse contained little more than a hat rack, a spittoon, a checkerboard, and an unsullied Code of Alabama. OMAM: "On the sandbanks, the rabbits sat as quietly as little gray, sculptured stones" (2). F451:The main conflict in Fahrenheit 451 is Man vs. Society, and this is presented through Montag's struggle against his oppressive, dystopian world. In the opening lines of the story, we see that Montag loves his job as a fireman and thinks there is nothing wrong with burning books TOTS:"Katherine the Curst." OTK: in the Prologue, where the priest of Zeus speaks of "suppliant sticks."

Allusion

ASP: Allusion: Garden of Eden, Lazarus, Iliad, Betty Grable, Julius Caesar TKAM: "nothing to buy and no money to buy it..." shows the economic situation occurring in Maycomb and the U.S. at this time. The people were mostly affected by the Great Depression which started in 1929. Lots of people lost their jobs and poverty took over the nation. OMAM: The entire novel takes place during the Great Depression. The novel doesn't specifically come out and say, "This is happening during the Great Depression." Work cards are mentioned; it's alluded to that people have monetary troubles. The audience is expected to understand this reference without it being explained.The opening scene is an allusion to paradise or the Garden of Eden. The reader is expected to see the parallels without it being directly explained to them. F451:Job is the book from the Bible that speaks about bad things happening to good people. After the city is destroyed by bombs, Montag thinks of a passage in Revelation that speaks of rebirth after the Apocalypse. TOTS:"Leave that labor to great Hercules." — Gremio (1.2.255) Hercules, or Heracles, is a hero of incredible strength from Greek mythology. He was assigned twelve impossible labors by the goddess Hera OTK: Zeus: king/leader of the gods

Antagonist

ASP: Gene TKAM: Bob Ewell maliciously blames Tom Robinson OMAM:Curley is clearly the antagonist, as he immediately takes a disliking to Lennie and George. "He [Curley] glanced coldly at George and then at Lennie. His arms gradually bent at the elbows and his hands closed into fists" (25). George and Lennie are most likely the main protagonists, as they both try to do the best they can under often difficult circumstances. F451: Beatty TOTS:Katherine and Petruchio, both protagonists, struggle with each other throughout the play. OTK:We would like to note that you could just as easily say that everything that happened to him is his fault—making him his own antagonist.

Speaker

ASP: Gene TKAM: Scout OMAM: John Steinbeck F451:The narrator TOTS: It could be any of the characters. OTK:It could be any of the characters.

Flashbacks

ASP: Gene at age 31 to Gene's life at Devon at age 16 TKAM:Harper Lee's masterpiece To Kill a Mockingbird is told entirely in flashback from the main character Scout's perspective. Lee opens the novel with this flashback example, and immediately sets the reader in the mindset of a child, especially Jem's worries about being able to play football or not. OMAM: the metaphor between how Candy's old dog was killed (put to sleep), and how Lennie was killed. They were both killed the same way and the circumstances are similar. F451:"Fill this sieve and you'll get a dime!" And the faster he poured, the faster it sifted through with a hot whispering(Bradbury 74) OTK: When Jocasta explains the prophecy to Oedipus.

Denouement

ASP: Gene finally realizes that he was his own enemy. TKAM: When scout is standing on boo radley's porch and she sees all the things to replay in Boo's place; she climbed into boo's skin. OMAM: When George had to shot Lennie. F451:In all fairness, this is probably a climax for Beatty who gets killed. Or maybe even his conclusion. But for Montag, it's the "Relax, everything's over" moment. TOTS:When Petruchio calls for Kate, she comes running and Petruchio wins the bet. (The other wives ignore their husbands when called.) To top it off, Kate gets on her knees and fondles Petruchio's feet after she delivers a lengthy speech that lets everyone know that she's changed her evil ways. OTK:When Oedipus learns that he was the killer of Laius.

Epiphany

ASP: Gene realizes that he was his own enemy MAIN IDEA TKAM:Scout has an epiphany near the end of the novel, as she stands on Boo Radley's porch and realizes what Atticus has been trying to teach her throughout the story: I turned to go home. Street lights winked down the street all the way to town. I had never seen our neighborhood from this angle. She realizes that Boo doesn't want to come out. OMAM:George experiences a sudden epiphany that is incredibly tragic. He realises that the best thing he can do to help Lennie is to kill him as painlessly as possible himself before the other men get to him and he is probably lynched. F451:When Clarisse helps Montag realize that he actually wants him to read and protect the books. TOTS: When Kate and Petruchio go the wedding of Bianca and Kate agrees with Petruchio that the sun is the moon is when she starts to become tamed OTK:when Oedipus learns, beyond all doubt, the truth about himself. His understanding of his actions, ignorance, and misdirected threats now equals that of the audience.

Rising action

ASP: Gene's envy of Finny grows; Gene realizes that Finny doesn't return his resentment; Gene becomes jealous of Finny's seeming incapacity to be envious; Gene feels that Finny is a morally superior person; Finny suggests that the boys climb a tree together. TKAM: Scout, Jem, and Dill become fascinated with their mysterious neighbor Boo Radley and have an escalating series of encounters with him OMAM: Curley, the bosss son, immediately takes a dislike to Lennie and picks on him. Curleys wife creates problems by constantly seeking the men's attention. The boys make friends with the ranch hands, especially Candy. F451: The first being, Montag learning about the history of the cities and what it was like before they started burning books. This opens Montag's eyes and sparks curiosity. TOTS: When Katherine gives in and says the sun is the moon OTK:The rising action of Oedipus the King occurs when Creon returns from the oracle with the news that the plague in Thebes will end when the murderer of Laius, the king before Oedipus, is discovered and driven out.

Form

ASP: Novel TKAM:in the form of a novel OMAM: novel F451: dystopian novel TOTS: Fiction story. OTK: Greek novel

Hyperbole

ASP: One example of hyperbole in A Separate Peace is: "...took in the lofty complex they held high above, branches and branches of branches, a world of branches with an infinity of leaves" (29-30). TKAM: '...a black dog suffered on a summer's day; bony mules hitched to Hoover carts flicked flies in the sweltering shade of the live oaks on the square. Men's stiff collars wilted by nine in the morning.' This reference, however, helps to emphasize just how truly sweltering it was. Scout shares that the collars of men's shirts were no longer stiff by 9 AM. The average workday starts at about 8 AM, meaning the starched and ironed shirts were a mess within an hour. OMAM: Steinbeck used hyperboles to show people and later generations how dreadful the time period truly was. After all, the impossibility of the American dream was a key theme of the entire story. Examples of hyperboles throughout the story are "You'd drink out of the gutter if you was thirsty (page 3)," F451:"Classics cut to fit fifteen-minute radio shows, then cut again to fill a two-minute book column, winding up at last as a ten- or twelve-line dictionary resume."(p.55)He of course doesn't mean this literally. He uses this hyperbole to draw attention to the fact that people don't learn and absorb information the way that they used to. And it's not that they can't... they simply choose not to. TOTS: Gremio talking to Kate "...to be whipped at the high cross every morning" OTK: "If I must die ten times for it" Exaggeration of clearing Creon's name.

Climax

ASP: The climax of A Separate Peace is when Gene makes the split decision to jounce the branch of the tree, causing Finny to fall TKAM:when Bob Ewell was killed by Boo Radley in defense of the Finch Children's lives. OMAM: One of the first major turning points is when George and Lennie arrive late to the ranch; the ranch boss is mad at them and is suspicious of George when he talks for Lennie (21-23). F451:when montag kills Beatty ;montag chooses to be a person that doesn't burn books and chooses to be a person that saves them. TOTS: On the way to Bianca's wedding, Petruchio threatens to make them turn back home if Kate doesn't agree with everything he says. Finally, Kate breaks down and plays along when Petruchio insists the sun is the moon and the old man on the road is a beautiful maiden OTK:The climax of Oedipus the King occurs when Oedipus learns, quite contrary to his expectations, that he is the man responsible for the plague that has stricken Thebes—he is the man who killed his father and slept with his mother. The climax of Oedipus at Colonus happens when we hear of Oedipus's death.

Extended Metaphor

ASP: Wave compared to life AND wave compared to war TKAM: You really never understand a person until you consider things from their point of view...until you climb into their skin and walk around in it. OMAM: the metaphor between how Candy's old dog was killed (put to sleep), and how Lennie was killed. They were both killed the same way and the circumstances are similar. F451:'With the brass nozzle in his fists, with this great python spitting its venomous kerosene upon the world, the blood pounded in his head, and his hands were the hands of some amazing conductor playing all the symphonies of blazing and burning to bring down the tatters and charcoal ruins of history.' This quote includes two metaphors. First, Bradbury likens the hose to a lethal snake, impressing the destructive nature of Montag's job upon the reader. Second, Bradbury shows that Montag considers his own hands to be the hands of 'some amazing conductor,' emphasizing the point that he sees beauty and importance in his seemingly horrific work. TOTS: My falcon now is sharp and passing empty; And till she stoop she must not be full-gorged, For then she never looks upon her lure. Another way I have to man my haggard, To make her come and know her keeper's call, That is, to watch her, as we watch these kites That bate and beat and will not be obedient. OTK:"So this is what he wants, Creon the loyal, Creon so long my friend! Stealing up to overthrow and snatch!" "I'm blind you say; you mock at that! I say you see and still are blind - appallingly: Blind to your origins and to a union in your house." (pg 23)

Verisimilitude

ASP: takes place during WWII and the location is a boarding school in New England TKAM: Takes place during the 19302 during the Great Depression. OMAM:The ranch George and Lennie work on is not a real place, but it's absolutely similar to real ranches all over the place. This entire novel is written in a way that it seems like it could be a true story. It has the appearance of being real or true. F451: Ray Bradbury increases verisimilitude in his novel Fahrenheit 451 (a novel about a futuristic society in which firemen burn books) by including references to a "long ago" society that resembles current reality TOTS: The marriage of the play is the part of the marriage and how at that time everyone had societal roles and they had to follow them or else they would have a bad reputation. OTK:Verisimilitude refers to the quality of appearing true or similar to the truth. Jocasta and Oedipus are husband and wife; they obviously have sex with each other. The reader is asked to believe that Jocasta was unaware of Oedipus's deformed ankles and feet. If two people are intimate with each other they know all physical aspects. The reader or audience is asked to believe that Oedipus is able to solve the riddle, which is unlocked by his feet. Yet, the same man is unable to solve the murder of Laius, which is also unlocked by his feet.

Symbol

ASP: tree, rivers, pink shirt; Finny's pink shirt is a symbol because it only shows up once Finny wears the the pink shirt which shows that he is unique and one of a kind which the significance is the reason why Gene is jealous. TKAM: Knothole (and its contents):Boo's communication w/ Jem and Scout, their friendship;Tree by the Radley House The tree is Boo's attempt to reach out to the children. It is his contact with society and when Mr. Nathan fills it up with cement, he cuts off Boo from Jem, Scout, and everyone else. OMAM: the mood of the bunkhouse represents the other ranch workers and how they are lonely and not ordinary they are. F451:Both of these symbols have to do with fire, the dominant image of Montag's life—the hearth because it contains the fire that heats a home, and the salamander because of ancient beliefs that it lives in fire and is unaffected by flames.The hearth, or fireplace, is a traditional symbol of the home; the salamander is one of the official symbols of the firemen, as well as the name they give to their fire trucks. TOTS:The ridiculous outfit Petruchio wears to his wedding with Kate symbolizes his control over her. Simply by wearing the costume, he is able to humiliate her. It may be shameful for Kate to be matched to someone in such attire, but she knows she has no choice if she does not wish to become an old maid. OTK:The eyes represent the theme of sight vs. blindness, or knowledge vs. ignorance. Oedipus cannot see the truth when he has his sight, and he blinds himself once he understands it. Crossroads: three crossroads; choice vs. fate Swollen foot= oedipus

Dialogue

ASP:"'No you aren't, pal, you're going to study.' 'Never mind my studying.' 'You think you've done enough already?' 'Yes'" (Knowles 59). Dialogue is shown in A Separate Peace when Gene and Finny where having a conversation to go jump off the tree that eventually lead to Finny's death. This is significant because if Gene hadn't gone with Finny, Finny wouldn't have fallen off the tree and broken his leg. Since Gene is ignorant and agreed to go jump off the tree, his jealousy took over him and almost killed Finny. Knowles included this dialogue because it was the commencement of a horrible ending. TKAM:Scout talking to Jem or Atticus. OMAM: Lennie looked timidly over to him. "George?" "Yeah, what ya want?" "Where we goin', George?" The little man jerked down the brim of his hat and scowled over at Lennie. "So you forgot awready, did you? I gotta tell you again, do I? Jesus Christ, you're a crazy bastard!" F451:Any conversation between the characters. TOTS: Any of the characters talking to each other. OTK: any of the characters talking to another character

Imagery

ASP:"Now they reached soggily and emptily away from me, forlorn tennis courts on the left, enormous football and soccer and lacrosse fields in the center, woods on the right, and at the far end a small river detectable from this distance by the few bare trees along its banks" (Knowles 13). Imagery is used in A Separate Peace when Gene explains Devon. This is significant because Devon was the place that helped Gene become into an Adult, helped him realize things, and it was the place that kept Genes secrets and memories. Knowles used "enormous football and soccer and lacrosse fields" because they were the fields that would remind him of Finny. Those fields were where they would play blitzball which was a game that was created by Finny. The words "Now they reached soggily and emptily away from me" meant that now that Gene was leaving Devon, it meant that he was leaving the fields that would remind him of Finny. TKAM:In Chapter 1, the description of the Radley home contains vivid sensory images OMAM: "Evening of a hot day started the little wind to moving among the leaves. The shade climbed up the hills toward the top. On the sandbanks the rabbits sat as quietly as little gray, sculptured stones" (2). F451: author Ray Bradbury primarily uses figurative language and imagery in his description of the protagonist ,Montag ,burning a house TOTS: Tranio had said "Lucentio slipped me his grey ground,/Which runs himself and catches for his master" (5.2.54-55) OTK: how Oedipus describes where he was pushed by a couple of men which turns out to be his father at the crossroads.

Archetype(villain,scapegoat a. archetypal characters b. situation c. symbol

ASP:Finny is a victim; Gene is anithero TKAM:Boo is rumored to be a murderer gone crazy. The main characters taunt Boo to come out of his home, although they are secretly scared of him. He has not been seen in fifteen years and is unanimously feared by the community. Boo is the "devil figure", because he is feared of in the story and the one not to be messed with. OMAM: Curley's wife is a villain when she threatens to have Crooks killed but at the same time she is a victim since she is lonely and wants someone to talk to her. F451:Guy Montag: The Hero Montag and Beatty are opposites. Unlike Montag, Beatty is a true believer - he is an antagonist - a bully. TOTS: Petruchio is considered to be the Hero because of his ways to woo and tame Katherine which will make bianca available to marry. OTK:Oedipus; Tragic hero:Powerful figure whose downfall is brought about some weakness or error in judgement.

Conflict

ASP:Gene feels jealous of Finny because of how unique he is.Gene begins to imagine that Finny is just as jealous of him and that Finny is purposely sabotaging his studies. TKAM:Mayella Ewell and Tom Robinson: Mayella accusations got Tom arrested for rape ; Tom denied it and blamed Mayella. OMAM: Candy is suspicious of George and Lennie because he thinks they are going to do something bad. F451:The main conflict in Fahrenheit 451 is Man vs. Society, and this is presented through Montag's struggle against his oppressive, dystopian world. In the opening lines of the story, we see that Montag loves his job as a fireman and thinks there is nothing wrong with burning books, but then Montag realizes he doesn't want to burn them. TOTS:Petruchio wanting to tame Katherine except Katherine doesn't want to be tamed so it creates conflict. OTK:Thebes vs. Oedipus, Hubris, fate vs. freewill.

Dramatic Irony

ASP:Gene's internal conflicts TKAM: Scout and Jem's limited understanding of what Arthur(boo) Radley giving Scout the blanket signifies. OMAM:when George kills Lennie he is devastated and is depressive. It is dramatic irony because the reader knows that Curley's wife is allowing Lennie to stroke her hair to get close to him, but he thinks that she is just being friendly and nice. F451: Mildred's attempt to kill herself and then her subsequent unawareness of this fact and what was done to save her the next morning. When Montag asks Mildred about last night, she responds: "What? Did we have a wild party or something? Feel like I've a hangover. God, I'm hungry.Who was here?" Mildred's assumption that they had a party and she is suffering from a hangover rather than the after-effects of having her life saved from her suicide attempt. TOTS:The audience knows that Petruchio is actually using Kate for her money and Kate doesn't know. OTK:when Oedipus is looking for the killer of the king Laius-his father. The irony here is that he is looking for himself because he is the murder of his father. Oedipus knows that he killed someone, but what he does not know is that it was Laius, the one he murder.

Motif

ASP:Transformations: Gene: becomes like Finny Leper: peaceful to scarred (Sees faces of men turning into women- feels like he's killing innocent people) Finny: Best athlete to "crippled"; athlete to coach Devon: Spot of peace then war gets into school TKAM:Mockingbird;Only do good things for society, so hurting or killing one is a sin, represents Boo and Tom and maybe Atticus, but it is more likely that he is just the one who said it,The weather was a symbol for change. OMAM: Rabbits and the dream George and Lennie have is brought up again and again. It shows that the dream is always on Lennie's mind; this ideal dominates the pair's lives and actions. F451:Animal and nature imagery pervades the novel. Nature is presented as a force of innocence and truth, beginning with Clarisse's adolescent, reverent love for nature. She convinces Montag to taste the rain, and the experience changes him irrevocably. TOTS:Sly dresses as a lord, Lucentio dresses as a Latin tutor, Tranio dresses as Lucentio, Hortensio dresses as a music tutor, and the pedant dresses as Vincentio. OTK: Sight and Blindness

Magical Realism

OMAM: "Aunt Clara was gone, and from out of Lennie's head there came a gigantic rabbit. It sat on its haunches in front of him, and it waggled its ears and crinkled its nose at him. And it spoke in Lennie's voice too" (101-102)

Rhythm

OTK: Explain your mood and purport. Is it dread Of ill that moves you or a boon ye crave? (I.i.11-12)Listen to the rhythm of those lines. You might be thinking, "Why did Storr start a new sentence in the first line, then break it off after three words?" Well, iambic pentameter is your answer

Myth

OTK: Oedipus came from Greek mythology

Chorus

OTK:Like the chorus in many Greek tragedies, the chorus in Oedipus Rex represents the voice of the greater society. The elders of the chorus are considered to represent men of Thebes who honor and respect the king and the gods. Their odes show both knowledge of religious culture as well as strong loyalty to the king

Understatement

TKAM: Talking of the shooting of Tom Robinson: "Seventeen holds in him. They didn't have to shoot him that much." OMAM: F451:"You'll be fine. This is a special case. Come on, jump for it!" Page 109 The Sieve and the Sand.In this phrase an Understatement is used, because Beatty is making Montag's appearance less important by pushing him to keep playing cards. OTK:Jocasta didn't really care about the killing of Laius.

Denotation

TKAM: I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It's when you know you're licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and see it through no matter what. Atticus Finch redefines the word "courage" for his children. Speaking against the popular belief that guns represent power and therefore courage, Atticus instead defines courage as the attempt to change things even knowing that there is no hope. OMAM:Any word and its basic meaning would be an example of this. F451:Fahrenheit 451 denotes the temperature at which books burn: this is a simple, objective fact. TOTS: Any word and its basic meaning would be an example of this. OTK:any word.

Personification

TKAM: When describing the town of Maycomb, Scout, the narrator, states, 'Maycomb was an old town, but it was a tired old town when I first knew it.' During this time, many people struggled greatly due to the Great Depression; they worked hard and were tired. OMAM: ¨The afternoon sun sliced in through the cracks of the barn walls...¨¨ and ¨...the lazy afternoon humming.¨ F451: "They read the long afternoon through, while the cold November rain fell from the sky upon the quiet house" it gives human qualities to the house, like being quiet, which non-living things can't do. TOTS:Tranio tells Lucentio that "if love have touched you, naught remains but so." OTK: "You overcame the stranger- The virgin with her hooking lion claws"

Consonance

TKAM: page 27 we watched one morning jem and I found a load of stovewood in his backyard TOTS:Though little fire grows great with little wind,

Assonance

TKAM:"but at supper that evening when i asked him to pass the damn ham, please, Uncle Jack pointed at me, 'see me afterwards, young lady,' he said." OMAM: "bounce you" F451:"There was a hiss like a great mouthful of spittle banging a red hot stove, a bubbling and frothing as if salt had been poured over a monstrous black snail to cause a terrible liquefaction and a boiling over of yellow foam." TOTS:So I to her, and so she yields to me,"

Myth

TKAM:Harper Lee uses satire in to kill a mockingbird, particularly on page 236 and 237 with the white community, as well as Dill and Jem. An example being the differences in how people reacted to the conviction of Tom Robinson. OMAM: no satire F451:Ray Bradbury satirizes society by exaggerating, riddiculing,and criticizing various aspects of American culture. Bradbury satirizes society's fascination with entertainment through Mildred's obsession with the "parlor walls". TOTS: present a satire on the behavioral and attitudes of men and women toward each other OTK: How Oedipus is a king but the murderer of the king that came before him but at the same time the king was his dad.

Comedy

TKAM:when Dill comes back and is found under Scout's bed F451:Not a comedy TOTS: when Sly is being convinced that he is a lord and the lord is saying to Sly "my lord"

Aside

TOTS: When Biondello said "...I'll see the church a' your back, and then come back to my master's as soon as I can" (5.1.4-5).

Farce

TOTS: physical humor is present when Petruchio beats Grumio and Grumio hits Curtis.