Lecture quiz- Intro to cells

Circle the appropriate cell type in which the listed structure or molecule can be found. Note that the structure or molecule can be found in more than one type of cell. Structure Molecule Cell Type A. DNA animal plant bacterial B. nucleus animal plant bacterial C. plasma membrane animal plant bacterial D. chloroplast animal plant bacterial E. cell wall animal plant bacterial F. lysosome animal plant bacterial G. mitochondrion animal plant bacterial H. Golgi apparatus animal plant bacterial

A. animal, plant, and bacterial B. animal and plant, C. animal, plant, and bacterial D. plant and bacterial E. plant and bacterial F. animal and plant G. animal, plant and bacterial H. animal and plant

match the labels given in the list below to the numbered label lines. A. Plasma membrane B. Nuclear envelope C. Cytosol D. Golgi apparatus E. Endoplasmic reticulum from figure Q1-12

A.3 B.5 C.1 D.2 E4

State whether you would use a phase-contrast light microscope, a fluorescence microscope, an electron microscope, or none of the above to do the following things: A. look at unstained living animal cells. B. look at ribosomes. C. look at an electron. D. look at a living cell expressing green fluorescent protein. E. do confocal microscopy

A.phase contrast B.electron microscope C.None of the above D. fluorescence microscope E. fluorescence microscope

In a eucaryotic cell specialized for secretion, which internal organelles would you expect to be particularly abundant?

The ER as well as the golgi bodies becuase they help with secretion

Which of the following statements concerning procaryotes are TRUE? (a) They have no nucleus and hence no DNA. (b) They have no Golgi apparatus. (c) They can form simple multicellular organisms. (d) They include bacteria, yeast, and protozoans. (e) They are all able to live on inorganic energy sources.

b) They have no Golgi apparatus. c) They can form simple multicellular organisms.

The smallest unit of life is a(n) (a) DNA molecule. (b) cell. (c) organelle. (d) virus. (e) protein.

b) cell

The specialized cell types in the body of a multicellular organism are different from each other chiefly because (a) each cell type contains different genes. (b) different genes are switched on in different cell types. (c) some cell types have lost some of the genes that were present in the fertilized egg. (d) the fertilized egg divides by cell divisions that do not give rise to genetically identical cells. (e) the different cell types contain fundamentally different organelles.

b) different genes are switched on in different cll types

Which of the following organelles is surrounded by two layers of membrane? (a) Endoplasmic reticulum (b) Nucleus (c) Lysosome (d) Peroxisome (e) Vacuole

b) nucleus The nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane, is made up of two lipid bilayer membranes which in eukaryotic cells surrounds the nucleus, which encases the genetic material. The nuclear envelope consists of two lipid bilayer membranes, an inner nuclear membrane, and an outer nuclear membrane.

The most reliable feature distinguishing a eucaryotic cell from a procaryotic cell is the (a) presence of a plasma membrane. (b) presence of a nucleus. (c) eucaryotic cell's larger size. (d) presence of DNA.

b) presence of a nucleus

Which of the following statements about the basic chemistry of cells is TRUE? (a) All cells contain exactly the same proteins. (b) All proteins are constructed from the same 22 amino acids. (c) The genetic instructions in all cells are stored in DNA. (d) All organisms contain the same genes. (e) All of the above

c) The genetic instructions in all cells are stored in DNA

What unit of length would you generally use to give the measurements of a typical human cell? (a) Centimeters (b) Nanometers (c) Millimeters (d) Micrometers

d) micrometer

The protozoan Didinium feeds on other organisms by engulfing them. Why are bacteria, in general, unable to feed on other cells in this way?

Didinium engulfs prey by changing its shape, and for this it uses its cytoskeleton. Bacteria have no cytoskeleton, and cannot easily change their shape because they are generally surrounded by a tough cell wall.

fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all will be used; each should be used only once. Cells can be very diverse: superficially, they come in various sizes, ranging from bacterial cells such as Lactobacillus, which is a few __________________ in length, to larger cells such as a frog's egg, which has a diameter of about one __________________. Despite the diversity, cells resemble each other to an astonishing degree in their chemistry. For example, the same twenty __________________ are used to make proteins. Similarly, the genetic information of all cells is stored in their __________________. Although __________________ contain the same type of molecules as cells, their inability to reproduce themselves by their own efforts means that they are not considered living matter. amino acids micrometer(s) viruses DNA millimeter(s) yeast fatty acids plants meter plasma membranes

micrometers millimeter amino acids DNA viruses

fill in the blanks with word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all will be used; each should be used only once. Eucaryotic cells are bigger and more elaborate than procaryotic cells. By definition, all eucaryotic cells have a __________________, usually the most prominent organelle in the eucaryotic cell. Another organelle found in essentially all eucaryotic cells is the __________________, which generates the chemical energy for the cell. On the other hand, a(n) __________________ can be found only in the cells of plants and algae, and performs photosynthesis. If we were to strip away the plasma membrane from a eucaryotic cell and remove all of its membrane-enclosed organelles, we would be left with the __________________, which contains many long, fine filaments of protein that are responsible for cell shape and structure and thereby form the cell's __________________. chloroplast cytosol nucleus chromosome ER ribosomes cytoskeleton mitochondrion

nucleus mitochondria chloroplasts cytosol cytoskeleton

List the following items in order of size from the smallest to the largest. A. Protein molecule B. Human fat cell C. Carbon atom D. Ribosome E. Yeast cell F. Mitochondrion

smallest -1 carbon atom -2 protein molecule -3 ribosome -4 mitochondria -5 yeast cell -6human fat cell largest