Lesson 10 Ch. 19 and 22

Which statement does NOT apply to vaginal candidiasis? a. It is classified as an STD. b. The cause is an opportunistic yeast. c. It causes dysuria and dyspareunia. d. The mucosa becomes red and pruritic.

A. It is classified as an STD.

With pelvic inflammatory disease, why does infection spread easily into the peritoneal cavity? a. The fallopian tubes are obstructed, and purulent exudate cannot drain into the uterus. b. The uterus is perforated because of infection, allowing bacteria to leak out. c. Most of the primary infections do not respond to antimicrobial drugs. d. Microbes are highly virulent.

A. The fallopian tubes are obstructed, and purulent exudate cannot drain into the uterus

Which of the following is the common first site for metastasis from prostatic cancer? a. bone b. lungs c. liver d. testes

A. bone

Which of the following frequently causes PID and subsequent infertility? a. chlamydia b. genital warts c. trichomoniasis d. herpes simplex

A. chlamydia

Which of the following refers to fibrocystic breast disease? a. progressive development of fluid-filled cysts and fibrous tissue b. proliferation of atypical cells with high risk of malignancy c. benign tumors that develop after menopause d. any tissue changes other than the normal response to hormonal changes

A. progressive development of fluid-filled cysts and fibrous tissue

Adenocarcinomas make up the most common cancers found in the: a. prostate b. testes c. ovary d. cervix

A. prostate

Vaginal candidiasis is frequently predisposed by: a. systemic antibacterial therapy b. insertion of an intrauterine device c. sexual intercourse with an infected partner d. previous viral infection

A. systemic antibacterial therapy

The most common solid tumor found in young men is: a. prostatic cancer. b. testicular cancer. c. bladder cancer. d. penile cancer.

B. Testicular cancer

Benign prostatic hypertrophy usually progresses to prostatic cancer. a. true b. false

B. false

True or False: Spermatogenesis is controlled by FSH and testosterone.

TRUE

Which of the following is the common first site for metastasis from prostatic cancer? Select one: a. Bone b. Lungs c. Liver d. Testes

a. Bone

Which of the following frequently causes pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and subsequent infertility? Select one: a. Chlamydia b. Genital warts c. Trichomoniasis d. Herpes simplex

a. Chlamydia

Which of the following refers to fibrocystic breast disease? Select one: a. Progressive development of fluid-filled cysts and fibrous tissue b. Proliferation of atypical cells with high risk of malignancy c. Benign tumors that develop after menopause d. Any tissue changes other than the normal response to hormonal changes

a. Progressive development of fluid-filled cysts and fibrous tissue

Diagnosis of pregnancy is confirmed through elevated serum levels of: a. hCG. b. testosterone. c. AFP. d. aldosterone.

a. hCG.

A hard nodule in the peripheral area of the prostate gland is typical of: a. prostatic cancer. b. benign prostatic hypertrophy. c. acute prostatitis. d. chronic prostatitis.

a. prostatic cancer.

Which of the following is a serious potential complication of abruptio placentae indicated by low serum levels of clotting factors? a. Severe hypertension b Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) c. Jaundice d. Thromboembolism

b Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

During which time period do teratogens cause major developmental damage to organs? a. First week following fertilization b. First 2 months c. Any time up to 6 months d. During labor and delivery

b. First 2 months

Why does severe pain occur with each menstrual cycle in endometriosis? a. Obstruction in the fallopian tubes b. Inflammation due to blood irritating the endometrial tissue c. Hormonal imbalance causing uterine contractions d. Fibrous tissue responding to hormonal changes

b. Inflammation due to blood irritating the endometrial tissue

Which of the following indicates development of pregnancy-induced hypertension? a. Proteinuria, edema, and weight gain b. Persistent blood pressure measuring above 140/90 c. Vaginal bleeding d. Blood clots forming in the legs

b. Persistent blood pressure measuring above 140/90

Which of the following causes inflammation of the vagina with a copious yellow discharge and foul odor? Select one: a. Candidiasis b. Trichomoniasis c. Syphilis d. Gonorrhea

b. Trichomoniasis

Which of the following applies to carcinoma of the breast? Select one: a. It presents as a tender, painful, firm nodule. b. Tumor cells may demonstrate estrogen receptors on the membrane. c. Occasionally, a genetic factor may have a small role in tumor development. d. The tumor is invasive but does not metastasize until very late.

b. Tumor cells may demonstrate estrogen receptors on the membrane.

The term primigravida refers to: Select one: a. length of time since the first day of the last menstrual period. b. a woman who is pregnant for the first time. c. estimated date of delivery. d. withdrawal of a small amount of amnionic fluid.

b. a woman who is pregnant for the first time.

Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation may be used in cases of breast cancer in order to: Select one: a. slow the growth of the primary tumor. b. destroy any micrometastases. c. prevent the removal of any lymph nodes. d. reduce the need for a mastectomy.

b. destroy any micrometastases.

Ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis because: Select one: a. it does not respond to chemotherapy or radiation. b. vague signs and hidden location lead to late diagnosis. c. premenopausal women are not likely to notice changes. d. hormone therapy is ineffective.

b. vague signs and hidden location lead to late diagnosis.

What is a major predisposing factor to cervical cancer? Select one: a. High estrogen levels b. Familial incidence c. Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) d. Early age for onset of menstrual cycles

c. Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Specific genetic links have been shown for: 1. cervical cancer. 2. testicular cancer. 3. breast cancer. 4. prostatic cancer. a. 1, 2 b. 3, 4 c. 1, 3, 4 d. 2, 3, 4

d. 2, 3, 4

Which statement about the testes is TRUE? a. Each testis contains the ductus deferens. b. The testes are suspended by the spermatic cord. c. Each testis has its own scrotal sac and seminal vesicle. d. The testes must be kept at a temperature slightly above body temperature.

B. The testes are suspended by the spermatic cord

Which of the following applies to carcinoma of the breast? a. It presents as a tender, painful, firm nodule. b. Tumor cells may demonstrate estrogen receptors on the membrane. c. Occasionally, a genetic factor may have a small role in tumor development. d. The tumor is invasive but does not metastasize until very late.

B. Tumor cells may demonstrate estrogen receptors on the membrane

Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation may be used in cases of breast cancer in order to: a. slow the growth of the primary tumor b. destroy any micrometastases c. prevent the removal of any lymph nodes d. reduce the need for a mastectomy

B. destroy any micrometastases

Why does severe pain occur with each menstrual cycle in endometriosis? a. obstruction in the fallopian tubes b. inflammation around ectopic endometrial tissue c. hormonal imbalance causing uterine contractions d. fibrous tissue responding to hormonal changes

B. inflammation around ectopic endometrial tissue

What is a significant early sign of endometrial carcinoma? a. a positive Pap test b. minor vaginal bleeding or spotting c. infection resistant to treatment d. painful intercourse

B. minor vaginal bleeding or spotting

When the uterus is located in the vagina with the cervix at the opening to the vagina, this is called: a. first degree prolapse b. second degree prolapse c. third degree prolapse d. procidentia e. cystocele

B. second degree prolapse

Which of the following are common early significant signs of acute prostatitis? a. a hard nodule in the gland and pelvic pain b. soft, tender, enlarged gland and dysuria c. hesitancy and increased urinary output d. mild fever, vomiting, and leucopenia

B. soft, tender, enlarged gland and dysuria

Which of the following causes inflammation of the vagina with a copious yellow discharge and foul odor? a. candidiasis b. trichomoniasis c. syphilis d. gonorrhea

B. trichomoniasis

Ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis because: a. it does not respond to chemotherapy or radiation b. vague signs and hidden location lead to late diagnosis c. premenopausal women are not likely to notice changes d. hormone therapy is ineffective

B. vague signs and hidden location lead to late diagnosis

Which is considered to be the stage of carcinoma in situ in cervical cancer? a. the invasive stage b. the stage of mild dysplasia c. the time before it can be detected by a Pap test d. noninvasive severe dysplasia

D. noninvasive severe dysplasia

Viable sperm may not be able to access an ovum when: a. cervical mucus is highly viscous b. vaginal pH is abnormal c. structural abnormalities are present d. b, c e. a, b, c

E. a, b, c

True or False: During pregnancy it is normal for the woman to have periods of low blood pressure as the fetus grows.

FALSE

In which cancers has there been a recent significant increase in incidence? a. uterine cancer b. breast cancer c. ovarian cancer d. cervical cancer in situ

D. cervical cancer in situ

Which term refers to excessive fluid collecting between the layers of the tunica vaginalis? a. varicocele b. hypospadias c. spermatocele d. hydrocele

D. hydrocele

Why does frequency occur with benign prostatic hypertrophy? a. increased volume of dilute urine b. irritation of the bladder and urethra c. impaired micturition reflex d. incomplete emptying of the bladder

D. incomplete emptying of the bladder

Which term refers to bleeding between menstrual periods? a. amenorrhea b. dysmenorrhea c. oligomenorrhea d. metrorrhagia

D. metrorrhagia

Which statement about spermatogenesis is TRUE? a. The complete process takes about 28 days. b. Maturation of sperm takes place in the seminal vesicles. c. It is controlled by FSH and testosterone. d. The process is initiated after each ejaculation.

C. It is controlled by FSH and testosterone

Which of the following applies to the corpus luteum? a. It forms a mature ovarian follicle. b. It secretes hCG. c. It secretes estrogen and progesterone during the last half of the menstrual cycle. d. It produces gonadotropins for the next cycle.

C. It secretes estrogen and progesterone during the last half of the menstrual cycle.

Infertility in women may result from: a. endometriosis b. hormonal imbalances c. a and b d. neither a nor b

C. a and b

Which of the following may result from cryptorchidism? a. infertility b. testicular cancer c. both a and b d. neither a nor b

C. both a and b

Painful menstruation is called: a. polymenorrhea b. premenstrual syndrome c. dysmenorrhea d. endometriosis e. dyspareunia

C. dysmenorrhea

How do testicular tumors usually present? a. soft, tender mass b. multiple firm nodules c. hard, painless unilateral mass d. small, fluid-filled cyst

C. hard, painless unilateral mass

What is a major predisposing factor to cervical cancer? a. high estrogen levels b. familial incidence c. infection with HSV or HPV d. early age for onset of menstrual cycles

C. infection with HSV or HPV

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of leukorrhea during the reproductive years? a. it is clear or whitish b. it has a pH of 4 to 5 c. it does not contain any cells d. it contains mucus

C. it does not contain any cells

Which of the following applies to benign prostatic hypertrophy? a. the tumor usually becomes malignant in time b. the gland becomes small, nodular, and firm c. manifestations include hesitancy, dribbling, and frequency d. lower abdominal or pelvic pain develops

C. manifestations include hesitancy, dribbling and frequency

Testicular cancer usually spreads first to the: a. lungs b. bone c. pelvic lymph nodes d. brain

C. pelvic lymph nodes

What is a useful serum marker during treatment for prostatic cancer? a. human chorionic gonadotropin b. alpha-fetoprotein c. prostate-specific antigen d. luteinizing hormone

C. prostate-specific antigen

Which of the following STDs is considered to be a systemic infection? a. gonorrhea b. chlamydia c. syphilis d. condylomata acuminate

C. syphilis

Specific genetic links have been shown for: 1. cervical cancer 2. testicular cancer 3. breast cancer 4. prostatic cancer a. 1, 2 b. 3, 4 c. 1, 3, 4 d. 2, 3, 4

D. 2, 3, 4

Which of the following is the most common cause of acute bacterial prostatitis? a. N. gonorrhoeae b. Pseudomonas c. S. aureus d. E. coli

D. E. coli

A chancre is best described as: a. a vesicle surrounded by a red inflamed area b. a pustule filled with purulent exudate c. an area of necrosis and fibrosis d. a firm painless ulcerated nodule

D. a firm painless ulcerated nodule

Which of the following is a common complication of leiomyomas? a. development of malignancy b. irregular menstrual cycles c. interference with ovulation d. abnormal bleeding such as menorrhagia

D. abnormal bleeding such as menorrhagia

Which is/are sexually transmitted infection(s) usually considered asymptomatic in women? a. chlamydia b. gonorrhea c. syphilis d. all of the above

D. all of the above

What is the cause of syphilis? a. a gram-negative diplococcus b. an anaerobic protozoa c. a virus d. an anaerobic spirochete

D. an anaerobic spirochete

Place the following statements regarding Rh incompatibility in the correct sequence. Not all choices are included in each answer. 1. Hemolysis of fetal erythrocytes and anemia occur. 2. Maternal Rh-negative cells enter fetal blood. 3. Fetal Rh-positive cells enter maternal blood. 4. Elevated serum bilirubin levels develop in the fetus. 5. Antibodies to Rh-positive cells form in maternal blood. 6. Maternal Rh antibodies enter the fetal circulation. a. 3, 1, 4, 6, 5 b. 6, 2, 4, 3, 5, 1 c. 3, 5, 6, 1, 4 d. 2, 3, 6, 1, 4

c. 3, 5, 6, 1, 4

Which statement below is true when discussing inflammation or infections of reproductive organs? a. Prostatitis is caused by a descending infection due to a parasite. b. Chronic prostatitis is due to syphilis. c. Balanitis is caused by a fungus Candida albicans. d. BPH causes Balanitis in most cases.

c. Balanitis is caused by a fungus Candida albicans.

Why does a man have frequent need to urinate when he has BPH? a. Because there is increased volume of urine b. Because there is an irritation of the bladder and urethra c. Because there is incomplete emptying of the bladder d. Because there is impaired nerve conduction due to compression.

c. Because there is incomplete emptying of the bladder

Which of the following statements is correct when discussing the corpus luteum? a. It forms during follicular phase. b. It forms a mature ovarian follicle. c. It secretes estrogen and progesterone late in 2n​d​ half of menstrual cycle. d. It results from a conversion of the ovarian follicle due to acini.

c. It secretes estrogen and progesterone late in 2n​d​ half of menstrual cycle.

What is a common complication of leiomyomas? a. Irregular menstrual cycles b. Problems with ovulation c. Menorrhagia d. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

c. Menorrhagia

What is a significant early sign of endometrial carcinoma? a. A positive Pap test b. Painful intercourse c. Minor vaginal bleeding d. Recurrent Yeast infections

c. Minor vaginal bleeding

What is considered to be the stage of carcinoma in situ in cervical cancer? a. Mild dysplasia b. Invasive stage c. Noninvasive severe dysplasia d. Irregular bleeding and cramping

c. Noninvasive severe dysplasia

What is the likely cause of painless, bright red vaginal bleeding during the last trimester of pregnancy? a. Abruptio placentae b. Ectopic Pregnancy c. Placenta previa d. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

c. Placenta previa

What is a useful serum marker during treatment for prostatic cancer? a. Human chorionic gonadotropin b. Alpha-fetoprotein c. Prostate-specific antigen d. Luteinizing hormone

c. Prostate-specific antigen

What is a useful serum marker during treatment for prostatic cancer? Select one: a. Human chorionic gonadotropin b. Alpha-fetoprotein c. Prostate-specific antigen d. Luteinizing hormone

c. Prostate-specific antigen

What are the common signs of early acute prostatitis? a. Urine hesitancy and increased urine output b. Mild fever, vomiting, and leukopenia c. Soft, tender, enlarged prostate gland and dysuria d. Hard nodule on prostate gland

c. Soft, tender, enlarged prostate gland and dysuria

What is the usual cause of hemolysis of fetal erythrocytes during pregnancy? a. The parents differ in blood type b. Fetal antibodies enter the maternal circulation c. The mother's blood is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive d. The mother receives Rh immunoglobulin early in the 2n​ d​ pregnancy

c. The mother's blood is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive

The term primigravida refers to a. a woman who has been pregnant before and lost the baby b. length of time since the last menstrual period c. a woman who is pregnant for the first time. d. a woman at 40 weeks of gestation

c. a woman who is pregnant for the first time.

Gestational diabetes in the mother usually results in: Select one: a. normal maternal blood glucose levels until the last month of pregnancy. b. no further indication of diabetes mellitus following delivery. c. delivery of a high birth-weight infant. d. no additional complications for the infant or mother.

c. delivery of a high birth-weight infant.

Painful menstruation is called: Select one: a. polymenorrhea. b. premenstrual syndrome. c. dysmenorrhea. d. endometriosis.

c. dysmenorrhea.

Which of the following is a potentially serious complication of abruptio placentae indicated by low serum levels of clotting factors? a. Eclampsia b. Ectopic Pregnancy c. DIC d. Placenta previa

c; DIC which is the acronym for Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Viable sperm may not be able to access an ovum when: a. cervical mucus is highly viscous. b. vaginal pH is abnormal. c. structural abnormalities are present. d. A, B, and C

d. A, B, and C

Adolescent pregnancy is often considered high risk because of: a. inadequate prenatal care. b. poor nutrition and lack of vitamin supplements. c. iron deficiency anemia. d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following infections may be transmitted from the mother to the fetus during delivery? a. Gonorrhea b. Chlamydia c. Herpes simplex d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which sexually transmitted infection(s) is/are usually considered asymptomatic in women? a. Chlamydia b. Gonorrhea c. Syphilis d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following statements applies to eclampsia? a. Elevated blood pressure returns to normal after delivery. b. Kidney and liver function remain normal. c. It commonly develops with ectopic pregnancies. d. Blood pressure is very high and seizures may occur.

d. Blood pressure is very high and seizures may occur.

Why does frequent need for urination occur with benign prostatic hypertrophy? a. Increased volume of dilute urine b. Irritation of the bladder and urethra c. Impaired micturition reflex d. Incomplete emptying of the bladder

d. Incomplete emptying of the bladder

Which term refers to bleeding between menstrual periods? a. Amenorrhea b. Dysmenorrhea c. Oligomenorrhea d. Metrorrhagia

d. Metrorrhagia

What is the likely cause of painless, bright red, vaginal bleeding during the last trimester? Select one: a. Ectopic pregnancy b. Abruptio placentae c. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) d. Placenta previa

d. Placenta previa

Which of the following infections may be transmitted from the mother to the fetus during delivery? a. gonorrhea b. chlamydia c. herpes simplex d. syphilis e. all of the above

e. all of the above