Lesson 8: Confucianism

3 years

According to Chinese tradition, how long does an individual mourn the death of a family member?

Chu Hsi P. 104

According to the text, who has had the most influence in formulating the Confucian canon (as it is known today)? Chu Hsi Lin Yutang Confucius Mencius

Submissive and obedient P. 105

According to your text, what type of wife is generally most desirable in Confucianism? Fair and intelligent Virtuous and fruitful Intelligent and submissive Fruitful and fair Submissive and obedient

Teach youth Transmit the ancient culture to posterity Serve government P. 100

According to your textbook, what are the 3 goals that Confucius's career was centered on? Mark all that apply Teach youth Teach the older generation Transmit the ancient culture to posterity Reduce crime Serve government Expand the education system

Half

How many of Confucius's disciples went on to serve in the government?

More than half of them See lesson material

How many of Confucius's students went on to hold positions in the government? Two (Confucius's favorite students) More than half of them All of them All but one None of them

No, Bc it was redirected from a primarily moral and social tradition to a philosophy which included cosmological and metaphysical answers to questions regarding humankind in a universal setting.

Is Confucianism considered a religion? Why or why not?

True P. 99

True or False According to your textbook, the foundational step toward attainment of universal peace is the pursuit of personal virtue, as taught in one of the Four Books of Confucianism

False P. 102 & 105

True or False All of the five basic social relationships taught by Confucius directly concern the family unit

False P. 104

True or False Confucius believed that, though individually frustrating, repressive law enforcement was beneficial to society as a whole

True See lesson material

True or False For some 2,000 years, all education in China was based - either directly or indirectly - upon the Confucian canon

False See lesson material

True or False There are nine books of Confucian "scripture": the "Five Classics" and the "Four Books." Of these, the Four Books are believed to be texts that Confucius simply adopted and then edited. Consequently, the Four Books are not Confucian in origin

True

True or false According to the principle of Cheng Ming, Confucius believed that the government was formed to sustain its ppl in the societal roles in which they belonged.

False See lesson material

True or false According to tradition, Confucius is the first person in history to make a living as a politician

True

True or false Confucius became China's first professional teacher and Asia's greatest moral and social thinker

True

True or false Confucius believed in God and in an afterlife but he did not emphasize it in his teachings

True

True or false Confucius looked upon heaven as the source of his power

True

True or false Confucius was appointed to serve as the prime minister to the Duke of Lu, but jealous enemies forced him out of office after only 5 years of service.

False He had no interest in repressive law enforcement.

True or false Confucius was primarily interested in a repressive law enforcement.

True

True or false Confucius was the first man in Chinese history to support himself by teaching

False They were about heaven aka t'ien

True or false Confucius's most firm convictions were about peace and sacrifice.

False P. 99

True or false There is some controversy as to whether Confucianism is even a religion (as opposed to simply a philosophy or way of life). One reason for this is the fact that Confucius emphatically did not believe in God

True

True or false Within the family, their goal is to produce individuals of quality who can influence society for the better.

1. Lun Yu 2. Chung Yung 3. Ta Hsueh 4. Meng Tzu

What are the 4 Books of Confucian scripture?

1. Jen 2. Li 3. Hsiao 4. Chung yung

What are the 4 principal themes of morality taught in Confucianism?

1. Shu Ching 2. Shih Ching 3. I Ching 4. Ch'un Ch'iu 5. Li Chi

What are the 5 Classics of Confucian scripture?

China

What country developed the first formalized educational system?

The Confucian practice of behaving according to your title or role P. 103

What is a Ching Ming? The Confucian practice of behaving according to your title or role The Confucian practice of respecting one's elders The Confucian practice of ruling through morality rather than law The Confucian practice of rejecting extremes of any kind

The figure of a man

What is the Chinese character for "heaven" in its original form?

To obtain universal peace

What is the ultimate goal of Confucianism?

Serving in political office

What projected the end of a Confucian education?

K'ung Ch'iu

What was Confucius's Chinese name?

To become a chun tzu which was a superior, cultured man, a Confucian gentleman

What was Confucius's goal through education?

Aristocratic but he was born into poverty

What was Confucius's lineage?

K'ung the Master (Fu-tzu)

What was Confucius's name as a teacher?

1. Governments should rule thru morality instead of thru law or force. 2. A good leader acts as an exemplar by fulfilling requirements of position w/ rectitude.

What were Confucius's 2 beliefs on how a government should be run?

1. Physical - ch'i 2. Rational principle - li, the vital physical force toward movement or generation

What were the 2 main elements of Neo-Confucianism about how things have been brought into being?

Hsiao P. 102

Which concept of Confucianism is comparable to filial piety? Neo-Confucianism Hsiao Chung Yung Li None of the above

Meng Tzu

Which of the 4 Books? "Book of Mencius", representing a compilation of Mencius's sayings and writings. He said that a ruler of China could legitimately continue in power as long as his behavior followed the will of heaven.

Ta Hsueh

Which of the 4 Books? "Great Learning"; discourse on promoting order in society through self-cultivation of individuals. It was the first text in a classical Confucian education. It's a chapter w/in the Li Chi of the 5 Classics.

Chung Yung

Which of the 4 Books? Principle of the "golden mean," similar to Aristotle's doctrine of the mean. It is a chapter w/in the Li Chi of the 5 Classics. It deals w/ the relationship b/w human nature and the moral order of the universe.

Lun Yu

Which of the 4 Books? The Analects, a collection of the sayings of Confucius

Li

Which of the 4 themes of morality? - Jen is realized thru the practice of this. - it is the standard for political, social, and individual affairs. - it teaches rites, rituals, propriety, courtesy, ceremonies, good manners, and politeness. - it's the forms of socially acceptable conduct or the way things should be done. - it is the blueprint for a well-conducted life.

Chung yung

Which of the 4 themes of morality? - it teaches central harmony, golden mean, or the doctrine of the mean. - many of Confucius's problems originated from the fact that this theme was being neglected. - it taught balance in life through the other 3 themes of morality.

Jen

Which of the 4 themes of morality? - it's the subject of education. - Confucianism is sometimes called the philosophy of this. - it discusses the relationship b/w man and woman or humans and the divine. - it is the most important attribute of the chun tzu aka superior man.

Hsiao

Which of the 4 themes of morality? - means "virtue" - aka filial piety - it is the hierarchy of all human relationships. - it forms the basis of family unity. - it is the most influential force in maintaining the orderliness of the state.

I Ching

Which of the 5 Classics? "Book of Changes". Was originally the handbook of divination but became the source book of wisdom. It's the core book in the Confucian canon. It is used for oracular judgment in using trigrams and hexagrams.

Shu Ching

Which of the 5 Classics? "Book of History," featuring sayings and doings of the ancient sage-kings

Shih Ching

Which of the 5 Classics? "Book of Poetry," containing song lyrics. the seminal work of early Chinese poetry.

Li Chi

Which of the 5 Classics? "Book of Ritual," discussing the meanings of rituals; contains two of the Four Books (Chung Yung and Ta Hsueh).

Ch'un Ch'iu

Which of the 5 Classics? These are the Spring and Autumn Annals. It's a chronicle of Confucius's native feudal state of Lu. In classical education one was meant to memorize it.

Li Chi or Book of Ritual I Ching or Book of Changes P. 104-105

Which of the following are part of the Confucian "Five Classics"? Mark all that apply Ta Ching or Book of Education Li Chi or Book of Ritual I Ching or Book of Changes Lun Yu or Analects Meng Tzu or Book of Mencius

Father to son Husband to wife Ruler to subject Elder brother to younger brother Elder to junior P. 102

Which of the following components of jen and li are part of Confucius's "basic social relationships" which he firmly felt were necessary for the functionality of an ideal society? Mark all that apply Father to son Husband to wife Ruler to subject Elder brother to younger brother Elder to junior

Jealous enemies forced him out of his role as prime minister He was raised in poverty P. 100-101

Which of the following is true regarding Confucius? Mark all that apply Jealous enemies forced him out of his role as prime minister His Chinese name is K'ung Chien He was raised in poverty He was born in the present-day province of Beijing He was married at age 15

Shih Ching P. 104 and lesson material

Which text of the "Five Classics" contains songs dating back to the Chou dynasty? Meng Tzu Li Chi Lun Yu Ta Hsueh I Ching Shu Ching Chung Yung Shih Ching

1. Serve the government 2. Teach the youth 3. Transmit the ancient culture to posterity

Confucius's career was centered on what 3 main goals?

Education is for the purpose of becoming a Confucian gentleman P. 101

Confucius's philosophy of education was that _______ Education is for the purpose of becoming a Confucian gentleman Education is for the purpose of becoming well informed Education is for the purpose of earning respect, power and position Education is for the purpose of gaining better employment

A man P. 100

The Chinese character for heaven in its original form was the figure of A bird A circle A woman A man None of the above

Neo-Confucianism

The goal of this Confucius concept was to embody a profound metaphysical and ontological reality.

Cheng Ming

This Confucian principle told ppl how to behave according to the titles they hold and to find out what their responsibilities and duties are and how to live by them.

Cheng Ming

This principle was the "role of the individual in society". Aka the "rectification of names"

Wife and mother and to serve men in their families.

Traditionally what is the role of women in Confucianism?

None of the above P. 100

Who or what was K'ung Fu-tzu? A sixteenth-century Jesuit monk who took Confucianism from China to the West A martial art founded by Confucius Confucius's most beloved disciple None of the above

Confucious

Who was the Founder of Confucianism?

Chu His

Who was the father of Neo-Confucianism?

1. Father to son 2. Elder brother to younger brother 3. Husband to wife 4. Elder to junior 5. Ruler to subject

Within the moral them of "Li" what are the 5 basic social relationships that illustrate the importance of the family?