life sci chap 11 + 12

Which of the following correctly explains what a heart attack is?

Arteries that supply the heart with oxygen become blocked

Select the correct sequence for the pathway of blood through the heart. (7)

Body → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lungs → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Body

Which are the smallest, thinnest blood vessels where O2 and CO2 exchange occurs in the body are:

Capillaries

Which of the following is an organ system?

Circulatory system

Digestion can be both _____ and ______, and it occurs both in the ______ and in the _______

Digestion can be both mechanical and chemical, and it occurs both in the mouth and in the stomach

The only way to get adequate calcium in adulthood is to eat/drink dairy products. (T/F)

False

What is the role of the epithelium?

Helps protect the body from the external environment

Where are the villi located?

In the small intestine

What are the four stages of food processing, ordered from beginning to end?

Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination

What is the role of the epiglottis?

It prevents food from entering the trachae during swallowing

Which organ is responsible for the production of bile?

Liver

What is the correct hierarchy of organization, from biggest to smallest, in your body? (5)

Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell

The respiratory system exchanges which gases?

Oxygen is inhaled, while carbon dioxide is exhaled

What moves the food from your mouth to your stomach when you swallow?

Peristaltic muscle contractions

________ refers to the function of a body part, while ________ refers to the structure of a body part.

Physiology; anatomy

Which of the following describe the integumentary system? (3)

Skin, nails, hair

The site of actual air exchange within the lungs is:

The alveoli

What happens during diastole?

The heart muscles relax, allowing blood to flow the chambers of the heart

The alimentary canal is ________.

The series of digestive organs

Veins carry ________.

They only carry blood back to the heart

What is the role of the villi?

To absorb small nutrient molecules from the digestive tract

What is the primary function of the sinoatrial node?

To initiate the contraction of the heart

The purpose of bile is:

To separate fats into smaller droplets

What is the difference between vitamins and minerals?

Vitamins are organic nutrients, while minerals are inorganic nutrients

The main role of the large intestine is to ________.

absorb water

Connective tissue is the most variable of the tissue types. What are examples of these? (3)

blood, fat, bone

An essential nutrient is specifically a nutrient that your body ________.

cannot make by itself

What are the 6 essential nutrients?

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water

Why do people need to eat?

food provides ATP, essential nutrients/ building materials

The systemic circuit specifically circulates blood ________.

from the heart to the rest of the body

The cardiovascular system consists of ________. (3)

heart, blood vessels, blood

Maintaining a steady-state internal environment, despite a changing external environment, is called ________.

homeostasis

Response to a stimulus, such that the effect of the stimulus is counteracted, is called a ________ feedback.

negative

_____ make up the nervous tissue

neurons

Tissues are made up of ________ that work together to perform a function.

similar cells

Most of the absorption of nutrients (besides water) takes place in the ________.

small intestine