Lifeguard Training
As a lifeguard, what can you do to assist management in addressing unsafe conditions? A Report any unsafe conditions. B Take action to limit use of an unsafe area. C Address and correct unsafe conditions. D All of the above
all
Refusal of Care How should you handle this situation? A Ask the mother to leave the facility if she does not want assistance with her child's injuries. Having a crying child on the pool deck will be distracting for other patrons. B Ask another lifeguard to observe the mother refusing care and document it on an incident report. C Care for the child since they obviously need first aid and the mother is refusing to provide care. D Leave the mother and child alone because they clearly do not want help.
B Ask another lifeguard to observe the mother refusing care and document it on an incident report.
You are getting ready to start your shift. As you check your hip pack, you notice that you only have resuscitation masks. What are you missing? A Phone and gum B Gloves and protective eyewear C Gloves
C Gloves
What should be included in a review orientation and training? A Lifeguarding B CPR/AED C First Aid D Facility Specific Protocols E All of the above
E All of the above
put in order (water competency testing) 1 Rotate 360 degrees and orient to the exit. 2 Recover to the surface and remain there for at least 1 minute (floating or treading). 3 Enter the water and completely submerge. 4 Exit from the water. 5 Level off and propel oneself on the front or the back through the water for at least 25 yards.
Enter the water and completely submerge. Recover to the surface and remain there for at least 1 minute (floating or treading). Rotate 360 degrees and orient to the exit. Level off and propel oneself on the front or the back through the water for at least 25 yards. Exit from the water.
STATEMENT TRUE FALSE Keep an eye out for activity outside of your zone as well as in it.
F
RULE No metal objects, locker keys, jewelry, metal snaps/zippers, eyewear or watches, including metal rivets, buttons or fasteners on swimsuits or shorts. ? REASON These items can injure the person riding the waterslide. Sharp objects can scratch or gouge the waterslide, causing rough edges that could hurt others using the slide. FACT FICTION
FACT
RULE No swimming in unauthorized areas. ? REASON Unauthorized areas are not protected by lifeguards and may have hidden hazards, such as underwater obstructions. Watercraft could be present in unauthorized areas, posing a danger to swimmers. FACT/FICTION
FACT
RULE No umbrellas at the waterline. ? REASON Beach umbrellas positioned close to the shoreline may obstruct the view of the lifeguard. FACT FICTION
FACT
RULE Patrons must demonstrate their swimming ability before entering deep water. ? REASON Weak swimmers can disrupt the activities of more experienced swimmers trying to exercise in deep water. FACT FICTION
FICTION
RULE Stay in tubes at all times. ? REASON Stray tubes can effect the flow of water.
FICTION
RULE Enter and exit the winding river only at designated places. ? REASON Lifeguards need to account for every person that enters the winding river as they move from station to station. FACT FICTION
FICTION That's not right. The real reason is that entrance and exit areas typically are recessed from the winding river, creating an area where the current is minimized and patrons can enter and exit without interfering with patrons in the main current.
No playing or swimming under piers, rafts, platforms or play structures. ? REASON These areas are not included in the lifeguard zone and therefore patrons will not be protected by a lifeguard. FACT FICTIO
FICTION That's not right. The real reason is that lifeguards cannot see under these structures. Patrons may surface quickly and injure themselves on these structures without the lifeguard observing them.
RULE No running, pushing or rough play. ? REASON Running, pushing and rough play could cause injury.
Fact
characteristics of a distressed swimmer? TRUE FALSE Floating, sculling or treading water. Able to keep their face out of the water. Horizontal, vertical, or diagonal body position, depending on what the person is using for support. Able to call for help. Appears to be doing doggy paddle. Unable to call for help.
Floating, sculling or treading water. T Able to keep their face out of the water. F Horizontal, vertical, or diagonal body position, depending on what the person is using for support. T Able to call for help. T Appears to be doing doggy paddle. F Unable to call for help. T
RULE Pregnant women and young children should seek their doctor's approval before using a spa or hot tub. ? REASON The potential for hyperthermia is a danger for pregnant women and young children because they are less able to tolerate heat. FACT FICTION
RULE Pregnant women and young children should seek their doctor's approval before using a spa or hot tub. ? REASON The potential for hyperthermia is a danger for pregnant women and young children because they are less able to tolerate heat. FACT
characteristics of a professional lifeguard
characteristics of a professional lifeguard Knowledgeable and Skilled Reliable Courteous and Consistent Positive Mature
If a victim is suffering from hypothermia, submerse them in a hot bath. t/f A victim with a nosebleed should tilt their head back to stop the bleeding. t/f
f f
RULE Swim immediately to the closest ladder or wall. ? REASON Clearing the area immediately allows the next patron a clear zone in which to dive. FACT FICTION
fact
What does an understanding of the drowning process mean for you as a lifeguard? A Practicing emergency care skills frequently and staying alert to recognize the signs of drowning will allow you to respond quickly and with confidence in an emergency. B Knowing that many variables are out of your control will affect the outcome of a drowning emergency. C Knowing CPR allows you to provide care for victims of cardiac arrest.
A
What is the difference between searching and watching? A Searching is deliberate and proactive and requires that your mind is alert. Watching is passive and reactive. B Watching is deliberate and proactive and requires that your mind is alert. Searching is passive and reactive.
A
You are conducting an opening facility check and you find a loose bolt on a pool ladder. What should you do? A Fix the problem by seeing that the bolt is tightened properly, then document and report the loose bolt. B Test the ladder's strength to ensure it may still be able to work properly. Consider the large number of patrons you might have coming to the pool today. C Make note of the location of the ladder so the facility manager can be informed once you have a chance like during a scheduled break. D Request that the facility maintenance staff check the bolt that evening after the facility closes.
A Fix the problem by seeing that the bolt is tightened properly, then document and report the loose bolt.
What should be included in an orientation session for new lifeguards at a facility? A Job responsibilities and facility rules that need to be enforced B Facility operations and facility-specific protocols C Management's expectations and the locations and types of safety equipment D All of the above
All of the above
RULE Designated age, height or weight requirements for using an attraction. ? REASON Age, height or weight requirements are designated to help ensure that patrons can safely enjoy the attraction.
FACT
RULE Dive only in designated areas and no diving in shallow water. ? REASON Diving head-first in shallow water can result in injuries including head, neck and spinal injuries. FACT FICTION
FACT
Distraction from Patron Surveillance While conducting patron surveillance, a patron, who has just exited from the locker and shower area, tells you that there is spilled shampoo in the locker room and the floor is very slippery. How should you respond? A "Thank you for letting me know. I am conducting surveillance right now and can't leave my station. Can you please find someone else to clean it up?" B "Thank you for bringing that to my attention. Which locker room is it in and what is the exact location of the spill? I'll have someone clean it up right away." C "I can't leave my station right now. I have to scan the pool and watch the patrons in my zone. I'll call facility maintenance on my next break." D "Thanks. I'm sorry you almost fell. I hate how people don't clean up their own messes. I'll take care of it during my break in 10 minutes."
B "Thank you for bringing that to my attention. Which locker room is it in and what is the exact location of the spill? I'll have someone clean it up right away."
How might unprofessional behaviors prevent lifeguards from fulfilling their responsibilities? A If lifeguards are not scanning actively, they might miss a signal from their manager to end their shift. B If lifeguards are not alert, equipped and rescue ready, they might not be able to recognize or safely respond to an emergency. C If lifeguards are not using alert posture at their station, they might get a cramp and become distracted.
B If lifeguards are not alert, equipped and rescue ready, they might not be able to recognize or safely respond to an emergency.
You are seated in an elevated lifeguard station and there is a glare on the surface of the water, making it difficult for you to see. What should you do? A Get down from the chair and adjust your position so you can see all areas of your zone, or reposition your lifeguard station. B While maintaining surveillance, get down from the chair and adjust your position so you can see all areas of your zone, or reposition your lifeguard station with permission from your supervisor. C Ask another lifeguard to join your surveillance area from another position. D Ask your supervisor or an off-duty lifeguard to reposition your lifeguard station during your next break.
B While maintaining surveillance, get down from the chair and adjust your position so you can see all areas of your zone, or reposition your lifeguard station with permission from your supervisor.
Which statement should you use to inform patrons about their risky behaviors? A "Excuse me. If you dive into shallow water, you might hit your head on the bottom and get injured." B "Excuse me. If you want to dive, please go to the deep end of the pool where it is safe." C "Excuse me. Diving into shallow water is dangerous and can cause a head injury. Please use the deep end."
C "Excuse me. Diving into shallow water is dangerous and can cause a head injury. Please use the deep end."
Treating Shock If someone is displaying signs and symptoms of shock, summon EMS personnel immediately. Which step is incorrect when caring for someone who is in shock? A Watch for changes in the victim's LOC and control any external bleeding. B Keep the victim from getting chilled or overheated. C Have the victim stand or sit in a chair. D Cover the victim with a blanket to prevent loss of body heat.
C Have the victim stand or sit in a chair.
What should you do first? A Assist the mother in providing care for the child in order to avoid liability. B Ask if the child has had any previous injuries at this facility. C State your name and level of training and ask if you can help the child by explaining what you think is wrong and what you will do to provide care.
C State your name and level of training and ask if you can help the child by explaining what you think is wrong and what you will do to provide care.
A 3-year-old child is running around the pool deck. You have a duty to act to prevent injuries. What should you do? A Avoid liability by finding the child's parents to tell them to stop running. B Keep an eye on the child so that if something happens, you will be able to respond. C Tell the child to walk on the deck, and explain that they could get hurt if they slip and fall.
C Tell the child to walk on the deck, and explain that they could get hurt if they slip and fall.
RULE No fishing near swimming areas. ? REASON Fishing hooks and tackle left in swimming areas can present a risk of injury. FACT/FICTION
FACT
RULE No glass containers in the pool area or locker rooms. ? REASON Broken glass poses several dangers, including bleeding injuries and exposure to infectious body fluids.
FACT
The victim is on a flat, dry surface, and the assisting responder arrives on the scene with an AED. True or False: Next, the assisting responder should place the AED pads on the victim and tell everyone to stand clear while the AED analyzes the victim's heart rhythm. A True B False
Correct! This victim was just pulled from the water, so one rescuer should give two ventilations while the assisting rescuer drys the victim's chest before applying the AED pads (false)
RULE Only one patron on the diving board at a time. ? REASON By maintaining orderly use of the diving board, such as allowing only one patron on the diving board itself and one patron on the ladder at a time, lifeguards help to create a safer environment. FACT FICTION
FACT
Because you did not try to stop the child from running and then the child got hurt, what legal principle could be a problem for you now or in the future? A Confidentiality B Refusal of Care C Consent D Negligence
D Negligence
Waterpark Facilities, including Winding Rivers and Waterslides RULE No running, stopping, standing, kneeling, rotating or tumbling on the slides. ? REASON These behaviors can cause a patron to become more disoriented when riding in the slide or entering the catch pool, creating the potential for injury. FACT FICTION
FACT
RULE No running and diving head-first into shallow water. ? REASON Diving head-first in shallow water could result in a collision with another patron. FACT FICTION
FICTION That's it! The real reason is that diving head-first in shallow water or under a breaking wave can result in a head, neck or spinal injury.
RULE No alcoholic beverages or other drug use allowed. ? REASON The use of alcohol and drugs is illegal at an aquatic facility. FACT OR FICTION
FICTION That's not right. The real reason is that the use of alcohol and drugs can impair a patron's judgment, balance and motor skills.
Why should you wear the hip pack at all times, whether or not you are on surveillance duty? A To be prepared to respond to an emergency at all times. B So patrons can recognize you as a lifeguard at all times. C So you have a place to keep personal items at all times.
To be prepared to respond to an emergency at all times.
Passive Victim Rescues With both arms, reach under the victim's armpits and grasp the shoulders firmly. You may be high on the victim's back when doing this. Using your chest, squeeze the rescue tube between your chest and the victim's back. Keep your head to one side to avoid being hit by the victim's head if it moves backwards. Roll the victim over by dipping your shoulder and rolling onto your back so that the victim is face-up on top of the rescue tube. Place the tube under the victim below the shoulders so that the victim's head naturally falls back to an open-airway position. Reach one arm over the victim's shoulder and grasp the rescue tube. Then use your other hand to stroke toward an exit point. Extricate the victim from the water, assess the victim's condition and provide appropriate care.
With both arms, reach under the victim's armpits and grasp the shoulders firmly. You may be high on the victim's back when doing this. Using your chest, squeeze the rescue tube between your chest and the victim's back. Keep your head to one side to avoid being hit by the victim's head if it moves backwards. Roll the victim over by dipping your shoulder and rolling onto your back so that the victim is face-up on top of the rescue tube. Place the tube under the victim below the shoulders so that the victim's head naturally falls back to an open-airway position. Reach one arm over the victim's shoulder and grasp the rescue tube. Then use your other hand to stroke toward an exit point. Extricate the victim from the water, assess the victim's condition and provide appropriate care.
cardiac arrest vs heart attack Sweating, especially in the face Nausea or vomiting Unresponsiveness No pulse Crushing sensation in the center of the chest Sudden collapse Abnormal breathing Chest pain that comes and goes Dizziness or lightheadedness
cardiac arrest Abnormal breathing Unresponsiveness No pulse Sudden collapse heart attack Crushing sensation in the center of the chest Chest pain that comes and goes Sweating, especially in the face Dizziness or lightheadedness Nausea or vomiting
FACT Dive or jump forward, straight out from the diving board. ? REASON The areas to each side of the diving board must remain clear to prevent injury. Jumping to the side could result in striking the side of the pool or colliding with another patron. FACT FICTION
fact
RULE Limit time in the spa to 10 minutes. Patrons then may shower, cool down and return briefly. ? REASON A prolonged stay in the hot tub can cause the internal body temperature to elevate to a range that can result in nausea, dizziness, fainting or hyperthermia.
fact
RULE Shower with soap and water before entering the water. ? REASON The temperature of the hot tub creates an environment where germs can thrive. Washing with soap and water can help keep the hot tub clean and safe for all. FACT FICTION
fact
RULE Swim only when a lifeguard is on duty. ? REASON There are inherent risks in aquatic environments, and lifeguards are trained to respond to aquatic emergencies. Statistics indicate that survival rates after emergencies are higher in areas where lifeguards are present. FACT FICTION
fact
An AED cannot be used on a pregnant person. true or false
false
Continue CPR while the AED is analyzing. t/f
false
Never shock someone who has an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or pacemaker device. true or false
false
True or False: You should begin performing chest compressions and ventilations at a rate of 30 and 2, with each compression about 1 inch in depth, at 5 compressions per minute. A True B False
false For an adult, compressions should be at least 2 inches deep but no more than 2.4 inches deep and you should perform at least 100 compressions per minute to a maximum of 120 compressions per minute to ensure adequate circulation.
People with certain medical conditions are not allowed to use the spa or hot tub. ? REASON The water chemistry is dangerous for different conditions. FACT FICTIO
fict
RULE Do not allow anyone to sit or play near the drain or suction fittings. ? REASON If the drain is blocked for an extended period of time, excess water could cause the hot tub or therapy pool to overflow. FACT FICTION
fict
RULE Only one bounce allowed on the diving board. ? REASON Multiple bounces can damage the board and result in it malfunctioning, which can cause injury to patrons.
fiction