lifespan development

Infants who do not show distress when the mother leaves the room and are indifferent when the mother returns exhibit which pattern of attachment?

Avoidant

Donna is going through something like a "mid-life crisis" at age 48. Her twin sons just left for college and she feels like she's in a rut at work. Her feelings coincide with Erikson's ________ conflict.

Generativity vs. stagnation

The ________ reflex explains why newborns hold on tight when you put a finger in their hands.

Grasping reflex

________ focus on large muscle groups that control our arms, legs, and larger movements.

Gross motor skills

Shawnte's parents let her stay up as late as she wants. She is allowed to pick out her own clothes and decide when and what she wants to eat. Her parents act more like her friends than authority figures. What kind of parenting style is this? Responses

Permissive

David, 4 years old, responds, "No, you should never steal, because they have to pay for it. It's not okay to steal the medicine or you'll go to jail."

Preconventional

The theory of psychosexual development was created by

Sigmund Freud

Who developed the theory of psychosexual development?

Sigmund Freud

developmental psychology starts at

developmental psychology starts at

Kids of abusive parents often display ________ attachment, and may run away from their parents in the Strange Situation experiment.

disorganized

Between ages 7 and 11, a child may compare himself to his peers and wonder if he measures up. Erikson's conflict during this stage of development is called

industry vs. inferiority.

One key finding from research by Hamlin, Mahanjan, Liberman, and Wynn was that

infants seem to make moral judgements.

Twelve-year-old Ashley recently had her first menstrual period. Another term for this is ________.

menarche

Hamlin, Mahanjan, Liberman, and Wynn found that if a young child has a preference for green beans and is shown a puppet that prefers graham crackers, then when they watch a show with a puppet stealing a ball from the graham cracker-loving puppet, the child will

prefer the puppet that took the ball away from the graham cracker-loving puppet.

The part of the brain that matures mostly during adolescence is the ________.

prefrontal cortex

________ focus on the muscles in our fingers, toes, and eyes, and enable coordination of small actions.

FIne Motor Skills

________ focus on the muscles in our fingers, toes, and eyes, and enable coordination of small actions.

Fine motor skills

The ________ stage is when children can think and reason about abstract ideas and hypothetical situations.

formal operational

Children who freeze, run around the room in an erratic manner, or try to run away when the caregiver returns in the Strange Situation experiment most likely have been ________.

Abused

Which statement accurately describes the current period of adolescence?

Adolescence is the years between ages 12 and middle to late 20s.

Carlos, a 17 years old, responds, "Heinz is acting out of a passion of love for his wife, so I think he should have done it. The seller didn't try to bargain with him. So I think it was right, well, not right, but I would have done it." When Carlos is further questioned, "Is it ever right to steal?", he responds, "No, it's wrong, it's still stealing. So if the police catch him breaking into the store, then the police should take him to jail. But morally, he doesn't need to go to jail because he was doing the right thing, but stealing is stealing." Responses

Conventional

________ intelligence is represented by an elderly person's wisdom, or accumulated knowledge.

Crystallized

It includes broad categories of change that include

It includes broad categories of change that include

Which theorist proposed that moral thinking proceeds through a series of stages? Responses

Lawrence Kohlberg

Contrary to what Piaget had concluded, Renee Baillargeon found that infants could understand the properties of objects. She proved this in her study by demonstrating that infants ________ at the impossible situation of a truck rolling through a box. Responses

Looked longer

Babies who show the ________ will spread their arms and quickly pull them back if they feel like they are falling.

Moro reflex

Which of the following lists the typical order in which these concepts are mastered by the child during development?

Object permanence, theory of mind, conservation

When children develop ________, they come to understand that people have thoughts, feelings, and beliefs that are different from their own.

Theory of Mind

preoperational stage of cognition

a child lacks logical reasoning.

The concept of "types of desserts I like" is an example of

a schemata

The concept of "types of desserts I like" is an example of ________.

a schemata

Once Jane heard of her daughter's diagnosis, Jane began to tell the doctor, "I'll do anything if you can help my daughter get well." Where does Jane's response fit in Elizabeth Kübler-Ross's stages of grief model?

bargaining

Carol Gilligan criticized her mentor Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning because she felt there were clear differences

between the moral responses of men and women.

While we are born with all of the brain cells we will ever have, there is a period of rapid neural growth, called ________, which occurs during the first few years of life, which is followed by ________ through the rest of childhood and adolescence.

blooming; pruning

The frontal lobes become fully developed ________.

by 25 years old

The time during fetal growth when specific parts or organs develop is known as ________.

critical period

Which of the following is the order of stages in Kübler-Ross's five-stage model of grief?

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Psychologists use the term ________ to refer to the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes that occur during life.

development

A young adult, compared to an elderly adult, will probably be superior at learning the ins and outs of the latest online social media networks (like Facebook and Twitter), because the younger adult will tend to have stronger ________ intelligence than the older adult.

fluid

The ________, which is still developing during adolescence, is a part of the brain responsible for judgment, impulse control, and planning.

frontal lobe

According to Erikson, the defining conflict of middle adulthood is ________.

generativity versus stagnation

If you put your finger inside of a newborn's hand, they will probably hold on tight because of the

grasping reflex.

Adolescents (ages 12-18) experiment with and develop a sense of who they are and what roles they want to play. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?

identity vs. confusion

According to Erikson, the primary conflict for early adulthood years is ________.

intimacy versus isolation

People in early adulthood (20s through early 40s) are ready to establish emotional closeness and maintain relationships with others. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?

intimacy vs. isolation

What is Erikson's primary developmental conflict of early adulthood?

intimacy vs. isolation

Developmental psychologists study the ________ that occur throughout life.

physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes

When a person says they would break the law and then confess to the authorities to save someone's life, this person's moral reasoning is at the ________ level.

postconventional

Focusing on self-interests when making a moral decision indicates a moral reasoning level of ________.

preconventional

Lawrence Kohlberg is best known for ________.

proposing a theory of moral development with three distinct levels, each level having two stages that represent different degrees of moral reasoning

Conservation

refers to to the ability to logically determine that a certain quantity of a substance will remain the same despite adjustment of the container, shape, or apparent size

When you see elderly persons who are independent, active, and happy, they are ________.

representative of most older adults

Alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs are all examples of ________ that cause damage to a developing baby.

teratogens

When children develop ________, they come to understand that people have thoughts, feelings, and beliefs that are different from their own. Responses

theory of mind

Skinner said that language is learned through reinforcement, while Chomsky said that children are born with a language acquisition device. Who is correct?

they are both right—language is the result of nature and nurture.

As a 49 year old, Travis is focused on his career and family, yet he feels a sense of emptiness. Erikson argues that he could ________ to feel more productive and better about himself.

volunteer as a youth soccer coach in his neighborhood

What begins as a single-cell structure that is created when a sperm and egg merge at conception?

zygote

Which of the following is the correct order of prenatal development?

zygote, embryo, fetus

Which of the following is the correct order for the stages of prenatal development?

zygotic, embryonic, fetal