Linux+ and LPIC-1 Chapter 7

Which of the following operators reverses the meaning of a test statement? a. #! b. -o c. -a d. !

! pg 376

Which command will display the following information? The number of different shells being used on a Linux system $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | uniq | sort | wc -l $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | wc -l | sort | uniq $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | sort | wc -l | uniq $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | sort | uniq | wc -l

$ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | sort | uniq | wc -l

Which commands will work? (Select two) $ ls > file1 $ file1 > file2 $ wc < file1 $ wc | file1

$ ls > file1 $ wc < file1

Which of the following variables could access the value "/etc" within the sample shell script, if the sample shell script was executed using the bash sample /var /etc /bin command? a. $0 b. $1 c. $2 d. $3

$2 pg 386

How do you run a shell script? (Select three) Assume the file has the execute bit set . PATH is not set to the current directory. myscript.sh ./myscript.sh . ./myscript.sh source ./myscript.sh

./myscript.sh . ./myscript.sh source ./myscript.sh

What will be displayed? Assume the script has the execution bit set. $ cat myscript.sh #! /bin/bash echo "$0 $@ $1 $2" #./myscript.sh Hello World!

./myscript.sh Hello World! Hello World!

Which of the following files is always executed immediately after any user logs in to a Linux system and receives a BASH shell? a. /etc/profile b. ~/.bash_profile c. ~/.bash_login d. ~/.profile

/etc/profile pg 367

Because stderr and stdout represent the results of a command and stdin represents the input required for a command, only stderr and stdout can be redirected to/from a file. True or False?

False pg 344

Every if construct begins with if and must be terminated with _________. a. end b. endif c. stop d. Fi

Fi pg 373

Before a user-defined variable can be used by processes that run in subshells, that variable must be _________. a. imported b. validated by running the env command c. exported d. redirected to the BASH shell

exported pg 364

How do you indicate a comment line in a shell script? a. There are no comment lines in a shell script. b. Begin the line with #!. c. Begin the line with !. d. Begin the line with #.

Begin the line with # pg 368

Which outputs are a result of the following command? (Choose all that apply) Assume each original name started with a capitalized letter followed by lower-case letters. $ tr [h-z][H-Z] < names DONaLd DUcK MIcKeY MOUSe WaLT DiSNey WiNNie THe POOH

DONaLd DUcK MIcKeY MOUSe

What does &> accomplish when entered on the command line after a command? a. It redirects both stderr and stdout to the same location. b. It does not accomplish anything. c. It redirects stderr and stdin to the same location. d. It appends stdout to a file.

It redirects both stderr and stdout to the same location. pg 343

Consider the following shell script: echo -e "What is your favorite color?--> \c" read REPLY if [ "$REPLY" = "red" -o "$REPLY" = "blue" ] then echo "The answer is red or blue." else echo "The answer is not red nor blue." fi What would be displayed if a user executes this shell script and answers Blue when prompted? a. The answer is red or blue. b. The answer is not red nor blue. c. The code would cause an error. d. The answer is red or blue. The answer is not red nor blue.

The answer is not red nor blue.

You attempt to perform the git commit -m "Added listdir function" but the command fails. What are possible reasons for the failure? (Choose all that apply.) a. The user performing the commit has not set their Git user information. b. No files were added to the Git index beforehand. c. The user performing the commit is not running the command from within the Git repo directory. d. The master branch was not specified within the command itself.

The user performing the commit has not set their Git user information. No files were added to the Git index beforehand. The user performing the commit is not running the command from within the Git repo directory.

The sed and awk commands are filter commands commonly used to format data within a pipe. True or False?

True pg 350

A for construct is a loop construct that processes a specified list of objects. As a result, it is executed as long as there are remaining objects to process. True or False?

True pg 381

Both aliases and functions can be used to store commands that can be executed, but functions can also accept positional parameters. True or False?

True pg 390

How do you export a variable? (Choose all that apply) VAL="My val"; export VAL VAL="My val"; export $VAL export VAL="My val" export $VAL="My val"

VAL="My val"; export VAL export VAL="My val"

Which of the following will set VAL to 0? (Choose all that apply) VAL=0 VAL = 0 VAL="0" VAL = "0"

VAL=0 VAL="0"

What would be the effect of using the alias command to make an alias for the date command named cat in honor of your favorite pet? a. It cannot be done because there already is an environment variable cat associated with the cat command. b. It cannot be done because there already is a command cat on the system. c. When you use the cat command at the command prompt with the intention of viewing a text file, the date appears instead. d. There is no effect until the alias is imported because it is a user-declared variable.

When you use the cat command at the command prompt with the intention of viewing a text file, the date appears instead. pg 366

You have redirected stderr to a file called Errors. You view the contents of this file afterward and notice that there are six error messages. After repeating the procedure, you notice that there are only two error messages in this file. Why? a. After you open the file and view the contents, the contents are lost. b. The system generated different stdout. c. You did not append the stderr to the Error file, and, as a result, it was overwritten when the command was run a second time. d. You must specify a new file each time you redirect because the system creates the specified file by default.

You did not append the stderr to the Error file, and, as a result, it was overwritten when the command was run a second time. pg 343

Find the match. \c \f \n \t Possible answers: Form feed Horizontal tab Prevents a new line Starts a new line

\c = Prevents a new line \f = Form feed \n = Starts a new line \t = Horizontal tab

Which of the following lines can be used to perform command substitution within a shell script? (Choose all that apply.) a. 'command' b. ${command} c. ${!command} d. $(command)

a and d pg 386

Which of the following will display the message welcome home if the cd /home/user1 command is successfully executed? a. cd /home/user1 && echo "welcome home" b. cat "welcome home" || cd / home/user1 c. cd /home/user1 || cat "welcome home" d. echo "welcome home" && cd / home/user1

cd /home/user1 && echo "welcome home" pg 380

The current value for the HOME variable is displayed by which of the following commands? (Choose all that apply.) a. echo HOME= b. echo ~ c. echo $HOME d. echo ls HOME

echo $HOME echo ~ pg 360

What will be displayed? Assume the script has the execution bit set. $ cat myscript.sh #! /bin/bash function print_positional_params () { echo "$3 $1 $2" } print_positional_params "$3" "$2" "$1" #./myscript.sh one two three

one three two

Which construct can be used in a shell script to read stdin and place it in a variable? a. read b. sum c. verify d. test

read pg 371

Which command could you use to see a list of all environment and user-defined shell variables as well as their current values? a. ls /var b. env c. set d. Echo

set pg 364

Find the match. stderr() stdout() stdin() | Possible answers Pipe 0 1 2

stderr() = 2 stdout() = 1 stdin() = 0 | = Pipe