Linux + - LPI Exam 1
echo $LANG
Which command shows the value of the LANG environmental variable currently set for the language the operating system uses?
ext3, reiserFS, and vxfs
Which journaling filesystems are available in Linux?
bg
Which of the following commands restores a job to run-in-background status?
version
Display information about the current kernel version
dma
Displays all the direct memory access assignments for the computer.
cmdline
Displays the boot options that were given to the kernel at boot time.
It sends the PnP resource information to stdout.
What is the purpose of the pnpdump command?
gedit will start in the background and persist in the background after logging out of the shell.
What is the result of the nohup gedit & command?
All system information is displayed on the screen
What is the result of the uname -a command?
Type ZZ Type :wq
What are two methods to exit vi from command mode?
rpm -F
What command will upgrade an RPM package only if an earlier version is already installed on the system?
yy
What command would you enter while in vi command mode to copy an entire line of text.
/Sam
What command would you enter while in vi command mode to find the term Sam?
ll
What commonly predefined alias is configured to run the ls -l command?
It creates an ext3 filesystem on device /dev/hda9.
What does the mke2fs -j /dev/hda9 command do?
It places the system in single-user mode.
What does the telinit 1 command do?
Switches the system runlevel to multi-user graphical mode
What does the telinit 5 command do?
Action to be taken by the process
What does the third field in the process entry of the /etc/inittab file define?
file
What would you enter at the command prompt to display a file's type?
to list where files are installed
What is the purpose of the dpkg -L command?
cat /usr/wordlist1 /usr/wordlist12 | sort
Which of the following commands sorts the contents of wordlist1 and wordlist2 and sends the result to standard output?
unexpand
Which of the following commands will you use to convert all spaces to tabs?
/sbin/init
Which of the following is the first program to run on a Linux system and has a process ID (PID) of 1?
It allows only the owner or root to delete or rename files in that directory.
Which of the following statements is true about the sticky bit applied to a directory?
-c
You need to use the debugfs command to recover an ext2 filesystem from an extensive corruption. Which parameter should you use?
uniq -i
A Linux user asks you to remove duplicate lines from a sorted file. You want to ignore the differences in case during the process. Which command should you use?
mv salary .salary
A Linux user wants to hide the salary directory on the Linux system. Which command will accomplish this?
chmod g+s acctg
A file named acctg needs to have the SGID permission set on it while keeping all other permissions at their present value. Which of the following command will accomplish this?
whether the mypkg package is present in the system or not
A user issues the rpm -qa mypkg command on the system. What will the system console display?
update-grub
After updating the settings in the /etc/default/grub file. you need to make sure that changes take effect. What command should you use?
by rebuilding the MBR
A Linux administrator configures a dual boot system with the Red Hat Linux 9.0 and Windows 2012 operating systems. LILO is the boot loader loaded in the master boot record (MBR). When the system is rebooted, the administrator notices that the system fails to boot into either Linux or Windows. How can this problem be resolved?
/usr/local/livid
A Linux administrator downloads an MPEG-2 codec for a multimedia application named Livid to play a digital video on the Linux system. In which directory should the codec be stored?
a parallel port printer
A Linux administrator has connected a device to the system that is accessing the /dev/lp0 device file. Which device has been connected?
It searches for packages that have been partially installed.
A Linux administrator has suggested that you use the dpkg -C command to troubleshoot an issue with a Debian package. What will this command do?
/usr /tmp
A Linux administrator is setting up a new Linux server. Which directory would most likely be on a separate partition? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
uptime
A Linux computer is configured to run several maintenance tasks each night. During this routine maintenance, the computer is configured to reboot. However, you think that the computer did not reboot last night. Which command will allow you to discover if the computer was rebooted last night?
The user salary is the owner of the file named sal, which belongs to a group named finance; the file size is 42 bytes, and 34 hard links exist for this file.
A Linux user issues the ls -l command and obtains the following output on the screen: -rw-rw---- 34 salary finance 42 Jun 18 18:01 sal Which explanation is most accurate?
The Staff directory will be deleted if it is empty, and the parent directory that became empty subsequently will be deleted.
A Linux user issues the rmdir -p /home/Jim/Staff command. What will be the output of this command?
mkfs.xfs -d agcount=4 -l size=32m /dev/hdc9
A Linux user named Jason has been asked to create an xfs filesystem on a device named /dev/hdc9. The filesystem should be optimized to ensure improved performance. For improved performance, Jason decides to allot a 32-MB metadata journal to the filesystem. In addition, Jason wants to minimize the number of allocation groups to four. Which command will enable Jason to create a filesystem with the given specifications?
chainserv-3.1.1a-5.i586.rpm
A Suse Linux distribution has a Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) package named chainserv with a version number of 3.1.1a and a release number of 5. The package has been compiled using an Intel Pentium IV Processor. What can be the name of the compiled package?
The standard output and standard error will be discarded.
A command is executed with the >/dev/null 2>&1 parameter. What will happen when this command runs?
ln -s /data /usr/local/researchapp/data
A custom application named Research uses the /usr/local/researchapp/data file to maintain its data. However, the hard drive on which this resides is filling up. You create a new partition on another drive and mounted as /data at root. You need to ensure that the new location is actually used by the application without changing any settings within the application. Which command should you use?
kill -9 2345
A developer calls with a problem. They were trying to debug a new daemon and mistakenly placed it on the production machine instead of on a lab machine. It has now entered runaway mode. The PID number is 2345 and attempts have been made to remove it with the standard kill command but it will not stop. Which command would you use to be assured that the process will terminate?
renice -n 10 2345
A developer calls with a problem. They were trying to debug a new deamon and mistakenly placed it on the production machine instead of on a lab machine. To ensure the CPU gives preference to other processes, you need to lower the deamon's priority. The PID number is 2345.
chmod 644 filename
A file has a -rwxrwxrwx permission string. Which command will make the file read-only for the group and the other users, but read and write for the owner of the file?
-rw-rwxrwx
A file has a -rwxrwxrwx permission string. A system administrator issues the chmod u=rw filename command. What will be the new permission string of the file after the given command is issued?
a symbolic link file
A file has the lrwxrwxrwx permission string. Which file type is represented by this permission string?
r--r--rw-
A file named Employees has the r--r--r-- permission string setting. The system administrator runs the chmod o+w Employees command. What will be the file's new permission string setting?
#82
A friend sent you a shell script file that is 117 lines long. He says that he wants you to examine code on lines 82 through 87. What command would you enter while in vi command mode to go directly to line 82
single-user textual mode
A system administrator boots a Linux server using runlevel 1. In which mode will the system boot?
rpm -i --nodeps smbpckg-9.1-1.i123.rpm
A system administrator is trying to install a Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) package named smbpckg-9.1-1.i123.rpm. The following error is generated while installing the package: failed dependencies: sambapckg >= 7.1 is needed by smbpckg-9.1-1 Which command will ensure that the installation ignores the error and installs the smbpckg package?
It sets the number of entries in the command history to 500.
A system administrator issues the export HISTSIZE=500 command on the bash shell. Which function does the given command perform?
A sorted list of all the RPM packages present on the system
A system administrator issues the rpm -qa | sort > rpmfile.txt command. What will be the content of the rpmfile.txt file after the command is issued?
rpm -K monitoringpckg.rpm
A system administrator suspects that an rpm package named monitoringpckg.rpm has been altered. Which command will enable the administrator to perform an MD5 checksum on the monitoringpckg.rpm package?
chmod go+r,go-w filename
A system administrator wants to ensure that group users and other users can read a file but not write to it. Which is a valid command to implement the given permissions?
/etc/fstab
A system administrator wants to permit a user to mount an iso9660 filesystem from a CD on a mount point named /mnt/mycd. The administrator also wants to ensure that the filesystem is not automatically mounted during system boot and is mounted as read-only. In addition, a backup of the filesystem should also be taken at the mount time. Which file must be configured with the /dev/hdc /mnt/mycd iso9660 noauto ro, user 1 0 entry?
rpm -qc --dump ipvsadm
A system administrator wants to view information regarding the configuration files stored in a package named ipvsadm. Which command will display the given information?
ln -s /usr/share/important.txt /usr/local/important.txt
A system contains a file, /usr/share/important.txt. You want to create a link to this file in the /usr/local directory, which is on another partition. Which of the following commands will accomplish this goal?
grep -o Allen myfile.txt
A text file named myfile.txt contains the following data: Mike Allen 12 Main Street Bob Barnes 109 Allen Street David Edwards 5916 Elm Street Allen Franklin 901 Oak Street When you run a command, you receive the following output: Allen Allen Allen Which command caused this output?
umask 0022
A user calls the help desk. Each time he creates a new text file, permissions of 640 are applied to the file and he must use chmod to set them to 644. What command should you enter in the user's profile to set the default permission for newly created files to 644?
Assure the user that is is normal
A user calls with a concern about the display he is seeing after running the command: ps -ef. There are a number of processes that display getty and he is afraid that an unauthorized user is attached to the system.
Change the current working directory from /mnt/cdromto some other directory, and then unmount the CD-ROM.
A user has copied an important document from a CD-ROM to the hard drive. While unmounting the CD-ROM, the system displays an error message indicating that the device is busy. What should the user do to unmount the CD-ROM safely?
The command will display the output of the ls -l command while keeping the filelisting.txt file open.
A user is currently editing a file named filelisting.txt by using the vi editor. The user presses the Esc key and issues the :!ls -l command. What will happen after the command is issued?
:r !date
A user is editing a file named mydoc and needs to enter the current system date in the file. Which command will insert the system date in the file without exiting the vi editor?
.profile
A user is requesting that each time she logs in, a particular entry be written to a log file. This will only apply to her and she is using the Bash shell. In which configuration file would you make an entry for this action to take place.
Myfile is not a file but a symbolic link definition to the file named Sallysfile.
A user issues the ll command to view the following display on the screen: lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Aug 5 15:54 myfile -> Sallysfile -rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 567 Aug 5 15:54 Sallysfile What is true about the above output?
The /samplefiles/personaldata directories will be added to the /home/user/homedirectory directory without prompting the user.
A user issues the mkdir -p /home/user/homedirectory/samplefiles/personaldata command. Only the /home/user/homedirectory directory path currently exists and contains user data. What will be the result of issuing the above command?
The contents of the /home/user/sampledirectory directory will be compressed using the gzip utility.
A user issues the tar -zcvf samplebackup.tar /home/user/sampledirectory command. What will be the result of issuing the command?
Disable the onboard sound card in the computer's BIOS.
A user reports that the sound is no longer working in his Linux computer. After troubleshooting the problem, you determine that the integrated sound card has malfunctioned. You purchase a new sound card and install it in the computer according to the manufacturer's directions. However, the new sound card is not functioning either. What should you do?
test1 < test2 > test3
A user wants a script named test1 to use the contents of the test2 file as input and redirect the output to the test3 file. What command would accomplish this?
head and tail
A user wants to display the first two lines of a log file and the last two lines of another log file. The output of which two commands should be concatenated to view the desired result?
A nice value of -19 increases the priority of a program, and only root may do that.
A user wants to run the cruncher program with a very low priority and attempts to execute nice -n -19 cruncher. The system responds with a Permission denied error. What is the most likely cause of this error?
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
After updating the settings in the /etc/default/grub file, you need to make sure that changes are written to the grub.cfg to take effect. What would you enter at the command prompt to write the changes to the grub.cfg file?
updatedb
After using the locate command, you discover some of your files are not being listed in the search results. What would you enter at the command prompt to update the /var/log/locatedb file?
myfile is a symbolic link to shantsgems
After using the ls command in the current working directory, you notice the following files: lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 2010-11-05 myfile -> shantsgems -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 382 2010-10-05 shantsgems What is true about the files?
find /mnt -perm 4000 -ls
Alan, a Linux administrator, wants to display the location of all the SUID files in the /mnt directory. Which command will accomplish this?
/etc/profile
All users at your sie are using Bash shell. You want to set a variable that will apply to every user and always have the same value. which file would you place this variable in?
D-Bus
Allows processes to communicate with each other and notify them of the new hotplug devices
Execute the dmesg | grep cdrom command.
An administrator has just installed a CD-ROM in his computer. To find out whether the system has recognized the CD-ROM, the administrator tries to read the system messages while the system boots. Unfortunately, the administrator receives a phone call and misses the critical system messages. Without restarting the computer, how can the administrator confirm that the operating system recognizes the drive?
find / -name DB_Connection.class
Ann is compiling a Java program. The compilation throws a ClassNotFound exception for an imported class file named DB_Connection.class. Ann examines the com.datalink.its.dbconnection package to find that there is no file named DB_Connection.class. Ann is certain that she created the DB_Connection.class file, but suspects that she might have saved the file in a different directory structure. Which command will help Ann to locate the file?
Ext3
During the Linux installation process you are asked to choose the file system type for your partitions. Which is the most common Linux file system to choose?
/home /var
For which of the following directories should you create separate partitions?
In single-user mode, network services are disabled.
How is single-user mode different from other runlevels?
unlimited
How many logical partitions can a Linux extended partition contain?
home
If you are viewing the contents of a man page, which key can you press to get back to the beginning of the page.
The start of a line
In an extended regular expression, what does the caret (^) symbol denote?
OS Kernel
In which boot process stage is the root partition mounted?
manipulates the user quota
What is a function of the edquota command?
/etc/yum/repos.d/
When managing YUM, what is the full path to the directory where you should place .repo files?
find
Which of the following commands can be used to search for a file of a specific size?
yum
Which of the following commands cannot be used to install a Debian package?
cd
Which of the following commands is used to change the current working directory?
type
Which of the following commands is used to specify how each command will be interpreted?
echo -n "hello" > foo.txt touch foo.txt
Which of the following commands will change the modification time of a file named foo.txt?
dpkg -l
Which of the following commands will you use to get a list of all installed packages on a Debian system?
USB flash drives
Which of the following devices represent a hotplug device?
/var
Which of the following filesystems holds log files in Linux?
Verifies that an RPM package is free from users.
Which of the following functions does the rpm -V command perform?
halt
Which of the following runlevel scripts of the /etc/init.d directory terminates all processes, removes swap space, unmounts all file systems, and either shuts down or reboots the computer?
Installing two different packages that both include /usr/lib/graphlib
Which of the following situations is most likely to cause a dependency problem?
1>&2
Which parameter, when executed with a command, redirects standard output to standard error?
dd
Which utility allows you to make an exact copy of a file?
ps
You answer a call from a number of users who cannot access the mail server. Which utility would you use to quickly see if the sendmail service is running?
O
You are editing a text file with vi and need to open a new line above the one you are currently working on. What key should you press to accomplish this?
GRUB_DEFAULT=
You are editing the /etc/default/grub file. Which option should you use to set the default operating system?
root (hd0, 2)
You are editing the GRUB configuration file, and you need to configure the /dev/sda3 as the root drive. What entry should be added to the file?
cp /mnt/scd0/letter.doc /root
You are logged in as root. You have the file, letter.doc, on a CD in the first compact disk drive. Which command will copy the file from the CD to your home directory.
gunzip
You have a cpio archive that has been compressed. You need to uncompress the archive. Which utility should you use?
Edit the timeout parameter in the /etc/default/grub file to say GRUB_TIMEOUT=12
You have a dual-boot system with a Linux and Windows operating systems. You need to configure the GRUB 2 boot loader to display the menu for 12 seconds before it automatically boots the default operating system. What should you do as the first step to configure the boot loader?
yum update mathpac
You have installed a package called mathpac with yum. After a system upgrade, the package is not working correctly. Which command should you try first to get the package to work?
1
You have to go to maintenance mode in your Linux system. Which of the following runlevels will you select?
yum list python
You have users who need to do some programming projects in the Python programming language. What YUM command do you use to find out if there is a python package available to install on the Linux server?
journalctl dmesg
You just installed a new CD-ROM drive in your computer. After boot, you can't find the CD-ROM drive anywhere. What commands could you enter to start troubleshooting?
In .repo files within the /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory
You need the DNF utility to check specific URLs from RPM repositories. Where should you add the URLs?
pr -d /home/varstown
You need to change the formatting of the /home/varstown file as it prints. Specifically, you need to add double-spacing to each line in the file. How should you enter the command at the command prompt?
Use the grub-install --root-directory=/boot hd1 command.
You need to install GRUB in the /boot partition on the system's second hard drive. What should you do?
ls -al /etc
You need to make an expanded listing of all the files in /etc. Which command will produce the listing?
export HOST
You recently used the HOST=FS4 command. What command should you use to make the environment variable to apply to all child sessions?
ls /etc/*.conf | cpio -ovd > /dev/rfd0
You want to archive some configuration file to the floppy drive. You are using the cpio utility. Which line will create the archive on the floppy
Modify the /etc/fstab file.
You want to configure user disk quotas on your Linux server. What should you do first?
udev
You want to provide persistent device names for all the devices in your Linux ystem. What should you use?
ps -A | grep getty
You want to view all currently-running processes that include getty in the process name. Which command would you use?
fdisk -l fdisk /dev/sda, then press p
You want to view partition information for your sda device. Which commands could you use to view the partitions defined on sda?
locate
You wrote a server-side script and lost the location of the binary file. You need to find the file as soon as possible. Which of these commands will you use?
j
in vi command mode, Move the cursor down a line
cpuinfo
Displays information about the computer's CPU
/
During installation you need to make sure there is plenty of hard disk space allocated to the partition that is going to hold the entire Linux operating system. What is the mount point for this partition?
The first command reboots the computer; the second halts the computer (that is, turns it off, if the motherboard and kernel have appropriate support).
How do the commands shutdown -r now and shutdown -h now differ?
Unlimited
How many logical partitions can you create on an extended partition?
uptime > uptime-stats.txt
How would you direct the output of the uptime command to a file called uptime-stats.txt?
/etc/systemd/system/default.target
If a systemd system is configured to use multi-user.target as the default boot target, which file as a symbolic link, or synlink, to the mutli-user.target file?
Edit the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable.
In a development server, you need to ensure that a certain set of directories are always searched when trying to use shared libraries. What should you do?
rm -rf backup
In the /var directory is a sub-directory called backup. you need to delete the directory backup and any files. You change directory focus to /var. Which command will delete the directory backup and it's files?
dd
In the vi editor, you need to delete the current line. Which command should you use?
e
In the vi editor, you need to navigate to the end of the word. Which command should you use?
$
In vi editor, you need to navigate to the end of the current line. Which command should you use?
A
In vi editor, you want to insert a string of text at the end of the current line. Which command should you use?
/usr/local
In what directory tree are you most likely to find programs compiled by the system administrator for general use (accessible by standard user accounts)?
when the administrator has forgotten the root password
In which scenario is it necessary for a Linux administrator to boot to single-user mode?
Static Library
Increases the size of the application Has an a. filename extension
dpkg --remove dpkg -r
John works as a Network Administrator for Perfect Solutions Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. He is working as a root user on the Linux operating system. He wants to remove a Debian package foobar from his computer and have it maintained so that whenever he wants to install it from the stored files, he can do so. Which of the following commands can John use to accomplish his task? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
repquota
John works as a Network Administrator for Perfect Solutions Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. John is working as a root user on the Linux operating system. Which of the following commands will he use to create a report of the disk quota of all users?
chmod 764 makelog
John works as a Network Administrator for We-are-Secure Inc. The company uses a Linux server. John wants to give the following file permissions to the file named "makelog": Read, write, and execute permissions to the user account that is the owner Read and write permissions to groups Read only permissions to other users Which of the following commands will John use to accomplish the task?
fmt -w 50 format.txt
John works as a network administrator for Perfect Solutions Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. He has a file named format.txt. He wants to display this file in such a manner that there are only 50 characters in each line of the file. Which of the following commands will he use to accomplish his task?
grep -v D users.txt
John works as a network administrator for Perfect Solutions Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. John is working as a root user on the Linux operating system. He has stored all user names, one name per line, in the file named users.txt. Now, he wants to search for such user names that does not contain the letter D. Which of the following commands will John use to accomplish his task?
ldd
John works as a network administrator for Perfect Solutions Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. John is working as a root user on the Linux operating system. The bash shell of John's OS is not working properly. Mark, one of John's colleagues, suggests that some shared library of the bash shell has been corrupted. To analyze this suggestion, John has to find the names of shared files of the bash shell. Which of the following commands will John use to accomplish the task?
grub.conf menu.lst
Question 1 : Which of the following files serve as the main configuration files for GNU GRUB? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
David does not have the write permission on the directory.
Question 23 : You work as a network administrator for McNeil Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. You have just created a directory named Sales on a file server. David, a Sales Manager, has to use this directory to keep sales reports. David reports that he is unable to save his reports in the directory. When you list the directory using the ls -l sales command, you get the following result: drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Jan 2 2006 Sales What is the most likely cause?
The file can be read by its owner and member of its owning group. The file can be read by its owner.
Question 51 : You work as a network administrator for McNeil Inc. The company has a Linux-based Network. You are a root user on the Red Hat operating system. You see the following permissions on a file: -rwxr----- What operations can be performed on the file? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
Rachel, a Linux administrator, needs to install certain RPMs from the CD. Which command should she execute to mount the CD-ROM?
chown John -R /home/James/data
Recently, a user named John has been hired to replace a user named James. Which command should a Linux administrator use to change the ownership of the /home/James/data directory and all its subdirectories from James to John?
tar
Recently, you have backed up your system data. One day you found that your system's data is corrupted and you decided to restore the backup data. Which of the following is likely to be the extension of the backup file?
The entry will let any user mount the CD-ROM.
Review the following entry: /dev/cdrom /cd iso9660 ro,user,noauto 0 0 What does this entry signify?
tr
Richard created a document on his Linux system. He finds all the characters in uppercase and tries to convert all those uppercase characters to lowercase characters. Which of the following commands should he run to get his task done?
/tmp /var /home
Richard decided to create a partition on his Linux system. Which of the following directories should he consider to have separate partitions? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose three.
nohup
Richard works as a Linux Administrator for Perfect Solution Inc. He runs a command that consumes a lot of time. Suddenly, he has to log off his computer, but in doing so, he has to terminate the running command. Which of the following commands should he use so that the command keeps running even after he gets logged off?
wc -l
Sam has a computer running the Linux operating system. He was asked to create a document using the vi editor having not more than hundred lines. Which of the following commands should he run to determine the number of lines in his document?
Creating swap space near the front of a hard disk Creating swap space on a primary partition
Sam works as a Hardware Engineer at Bell laboratory. He decided to install Linux operating system in his computer. He wants to make the swap space as efficient as possible. Which of the following measures should he select in order to get his task done? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
quotaon edquota
Sam works as a Network Engineer for Perfect Solutions Inc. He found some disk space issue. He decided to restrict the user's ability to consume the disk space. Which of the following commands should he use to perform this task? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
Runlevel 3 Runlevel 4 Runlevel 5
Same as runlevel 2, but not used
Setting the SUID flag for an application or process owned by the root user is potential security hole.
Setting the SUID flag is a powerful and useful feature. It can have weaknesses associated with its use. Which of the following statements identifies a weakness.
Runlevel 1
Single User Mode
rm -R smp
The /home/gshant/smp directory contains serveral files. The directory and files need to be removed. You change directories to /home/gshant. What would you enter at the command prompt to remove the smp directory and the files it contains?
rmdir smp
The /home/gshant/smp directory is empty and needs to be removed. you change directories to /home/gshant. What would you enter at the command prompt to remove the smp directory?
/boot/grub2/grub.cfg
The GRUB2 Configuration file (non-editable)
/etc/default/grub
The GRUB2 configuration file (editable)
/etc/grub.d
The GRUB2 directory for scripts files
The init daemon is called first after the kernel is loaded. The init daemon is the parent of all processes. It creates script processes from the stored in the /etc/inittab file.
The _____ daemon is called first after the kernel is loaded. The _____ daemon is the parent of all processes. It creates ____ processes from the stored in the /etc/inittab file.
mkswap
The ______ command is used to set up a Linux swap area on a device or in a file.
LOADLIN
The administrator tried booting a Linux system but failed. However, the administrator is able to load the DOS environment. The system should be booted to Linux. Which boot loader should be used to boot Linux from a DOS environment?
alias logcheck="cd /home/mbrown/logs;ls -al"
The user mbrown has a directory named logs in her home directory that is regularly updated with new log files when certain system events occur. She runs the following command several times a week to check this directory: cd /home/mbrowm/logs ls -al She wants a persistent alias named logcheck to be created to run these two commands. What command would you enter into her shell configuration file to create this persistent alias?
env
Two users should have identical settings, yet one is having problems with the display on his screen and you suspect there is a difference in their environment variables. Which command will display all the environment variables?
/dev
Under the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), what is the full path to the directory that contains the device files for a Linux system?
/proc
Under the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), which directory contains information about the system state and processes?
yum whatprovides /usr/lib/libstlport_gcc.so
What YUM command would you enter at the command prompt to determine which package contains the /usr/lib/libstlport_gcc.so file?
yumdownloder
What YUM command would you enter at the command prompt to download an RPM package without installing it to the system?
5%
What capacity of the ext2 partition is reserved for a root user by default in a filesystem?
echo $MANPATH
What command can be used on most Linux distributions to find the directories where the man pages are kept?
history
What command should you enter to see a list of all the commands you recently used at the command prompt?
Only the file owner or the root user can delete the file.
What does the following permission string denote? -rwxr-xr-t
converts an ext2 filesystem into an ext3 filesystem
What does the tune2fs -j /dev/hda2 command do?
Starts in command mode and opens a new empty file
What does the vi command do when it is executed without any parameters?
dpkg -C
What dpgk command would you enter at the command prompt to search for packages that have been partially installed on the system?
It provides operations to search and generate interesting output from the package metadata.
What function does the apt-cache play on Debian-based systems?
to create an image of a boot disk for duplication
What is a function of the dd command in Linux?
displays the first ten lines of a file
What is a function of the head command?
verifying an MD5 checksum on mypackage
What is a function of the rpm -V mypackage command?
xfs_growfs -n
What is equivalent to running the xfs_info command?
systemd
What is the core process for a systemd-based Linux system?
1. BIOS 2. Boot Loader 3. OS Kernel 4. Init
What is the correct order for the boot phases of a Linux computer?
10
What is the default niceness value assigned to a process run using the nice command?
10
What is the default priority assigned when using the nice command without specifying the priority?
Converts the /dev/sdb1 device to ext3
What is the effect of the tune2fs -j /dev/sdb1 command?
/dev
What is the file patch and name of the directory that contains device files for hard drives, optical drives, and USB devices?
filename.tar
What is the format used for an archive created using tar?
/etc/udev/rules.d
What is the full patch to the directory that allows you to name devices when they are connected to the system?
/etc/dnf/dnf.conf
What is the full path and file name for the DNF configuration file?
/etc/yum.conf
What is the full path and file name for the YUM configuration file?
/etc/ld.so.conf
What is the full path and file name for the file that contains a colon-, space-, tab-, newline-, or comma-delimited list of directories in which to search for libraries?
/etc/default/grub
What is the full path and filename of the GRUB 2 file that is used for editing the default behavior of the boot loader menu?
/proc/interrupts
What is the full path and filename of the file that contains information about which interrupt request (IRQ) channels are being used by each hardware device on the system?
/sys/module
What is the full path to the direcotry that contain information about each kernel module installed on the computer?
/var/
What is the full path to the directory that contains data files that change constantly, including email, print jobs, and proxy cache files?
/proc/
What is the full path to the directory that contains information about the system state and processes?
/home
What is the full path to the directory that contains user data for all standard users on the system?
/usr/share/man
What is the full path to the directory that holds the man files on the system?
to perform a filesystem check and repair erroneous blocks
What is the function of the e2fsck -p command?
It sets the value of the environment variable $THEFILE to /usr/local/bin/theprogram.
What is the function of the following command? $ export THEFILE=/usr/local/bin/theprogram
to create a Linux swap area or file on a device
What is the function of the mkswap command?
mounts a file as if it were a disk partition
What is the function of the mount -t iso9660 image.img /mnt/images command?
The command uninstalls an RPM software package.
What is the function of the rpm -e command?
to check the current resource usage for processes
What is the function of the top command?
-20
What is the highest process priority on a Linux computer?
19
What is the maximum niceness value that can be assigned to a process by a standard user?
quota
What is the name of the package that must be installed if you want to use disk quotas on your Linux system?
parted
What is the name of the partition management utility that will both create GUID partitions and create file systems on those partitions?
/boot/grub/menu.lst
What is the path for the menu.lst file?
It launches a text editor on a temporary file that enables you to edit a user's disk quotas.
What is the primary task of the edquota utility?
It tells the kernel to execute the shell instead of LILO.
What is the purpose of entering init=/bin/sh at the LILO prompt?
It extracts information from within lines of a file.
What is the purpose of the cut command?
It is the system message log file, and it holds kernel messages and messages from applications.
What is the purpose of the messages log file in /var/log/messages and what type of information does it hold?
It sets the permission bits on newly created files and directories.
What is the purpose of the umask command?
to provide a word count, line count, and byte size for a file
What is the purpose of the wc command?
022
What is the typical default umask value?
the installation, removal, and update utility for rpm packages used in Red Hat the installation, removal, and update utility for rpm packages used in Fedora Linux
What is yum? (Choose two.)
PATH=$PATH:/sbin/custom; export PATH
What line must you add to /etc/profile to make sure /sbin/custom is always part of the PATH environment variable for all users, without overwriting the current entries in the PATH statement?
The process is suspended.
What occurs when you use the Ctrl+Z sequence during process execution?
the tee command
What should you use if you want to redirect the output from a command to both standard output and a file?
The contents of the /usr/bin directory will be redirected into a file called /tmp/list.txt, inserted after previous contents of the file.
What will be the effect of the following command? ls -l /usr/bin >> /tmp/list.txt
It installs the binary of a software package.
What will the make install command do?
chgrp rand devstyle.txt
What would you enter at the command prompt the group ownership for the devstyle.txt to rand in the present working directory?
pwd
What would you enter at the command prompt to display the present working directory?
ldd
What would you enter at the command prompt to display the shared library information for executables?
systemctl status cups.service
What would you enter at the command prompt to find out if the cups.service is running?
rpm -V myapp5.4.rpm
What would you enter at the command prompt to make RPM perform an MD5 checksum on the myapp5.4.rpm package
bash
What would you enter at the command prompt to start a new Bourne-again shell (bash) session
nice -n -20 gedit
What would you enter at the command prompt to start the gedit process with the highest priority possible?
ldconfig
What would you enter at the command prompt, without options, to reload the library cache everytime libraries are added or removed and to update the symbolic links?
/home
When manually partitioning your hard disk during installation, which directory, or mount point, should be configured with its own partition in order to keep users from using too much hard drive space (and potentially bringing the Linux system down)?
/var
When manually partitioning your hard drive during installation, which directory, or mount point, should be configured with its own partition in order to keep log files from using too much hard drive space (and potentially bringing the Linux system down)?
-g -u
When using the quotaon or quotaoff commands, which parameter(s) have the same effect as running the command without any parameters? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
bg
Whenever you run an application for a desktop clock, your command-line shell becomes hidden. Which command would help you rectify this situation?
/etc/systemd/system
Where is the default target file used by systemd when the Linux system boots defined?
in the /etc/apt/sources.list file
Where is the list of available software repositories for the Advanced Packaging Tool located?
/etc/grub.conf
Which GRUB file gives the location of GRUB stage 2 to GRUB stage 1?
7
Which ID should NOT be used while assigning IDs to SCSI peripherals?
/tmp
Which Linux system directory has the default drwxrwxrwt permission string?
unmet
Which apt-cache option shows the missing dependencies in the package cache?
depends
Which apt-cache subcommand lists all the dependencies a Debian package has?
apt-get upgrade
Which apt-get option upgrades all installed packages to the latest versions using the information in the /etc/apt/sources.list?
e2fsck -b 16385 /dev/sda1
Which command allows you to use an alternative superblock when the primary superblock has been corrupted?
find -perm -0600
Which command can be executed to find all the files in the current directory for which the file owners have read and write permissions?
rpm -qi strace
Which command can be issued to display the name, version, and description information for strace, an RPM package installed on the system?
chmod 770 MyProj
Which command can be used to ensure that only the owner and the owner's group have read, write, and execute permissions on the Myproj directory?
find /home/Paul -maxdepth 2 -name CompileScript.sh
Which command can be used to find all the instances of the CompileScript.sh file in the first two levels of the /home/Paul directory structure?
rpm -ql kaplanit
Which command can be used to generate a list of all the files present in kaplanit, an RPM package installed on a system?
ldconfig
Which command can be used to rebuild the cache of shared libraries?
dpkg-reconfigure
Which command can be used to revert a package to its standard configuration?
du -ac /home/badams
Which command can you enter at the command prompt to list all files and directories in the badams home directory along with a file size and total amount of space taken up by the directory?
ps -ef
Which command displays in the most detail all the processes that are running?
lsmod
Which command displays information about all loaded modules on the system?
hwinfo --listmd
Which command displays information about the RAID devices on the computer
lsusb
Which command displays information on all USB devices connected to the computer?
ps -f
Which command displays the PPID?
df
Which command displays the disk space usage for mounted filesystems?
which ls
Which command is most similar to the whereis ls command?
rpm -V samplepckg
Which command is used to identify the altered files of the samplepckg.i386.rpm package?
mount
Which command is used to load filesystem to a physical location in the root partition?
locate
Which command maintains a database that will need to be updated to ensure that its results are current and accurate?
rm -R Data
Which command must be issued to remove directory files and subdirectories from the Data directory?
apt-get remove --purge Myapp
Which command performs the same function as the dpkg -P Myapp command?
lsattr /boot/grub/grub.conf
Which command prints the attributes of a /boot/grub/grub.conf
tee
Which command reads from standard input and writes to standard output and files?
dpkg-reconfigure
Which command reconfigures an already installed package?
edquota -u gshant
Which command should you enter at the command prompt to change the quota settings for the gshant user?
quota
Which command should you enter at the command prompt to display the current user's quota limits and disk usage?
mount /var -o remount,nosuid
Which command should you enter to remount the /var partition with the suid and sgid permissions disabled?
env
Which command should you issue to view a list of environment variables configured in a bash shell?
ldd -v /usr/local/bin/testapp
Which command should you run to determine the list of shared libraries installed with the /usr/local/bin/testapp test application?
ldconfig -f
Which command should you use to change the location of the default file used to search for libraries?
cat
Which command should you use to combine the contents of three files into a single file?
setfacl
Which command should you use to configure Extended Access Control List (ACL) permissions for a file?
uname -r
Which command should you use to view the release number of a Linux system?
tr
Which command transposes characters in the text steam?
tune2fs
Which command will add the journaling support to an existing Linux second extended (ext2) filesystem?
find /etc -perm -7000
Which command will allow a Linux technician to search for files having the special permissions StickyBit, SUID, and SGID in the /etc directory?
alias
Which command will display a list of the currently defined aliases on the system?
set
Which command will display all the environment variables on the system?
sort
Which command will display each line in the text file based on the alphabetic characters?
env
Which command will display only the environment variables applied to child sessions?
quota -g development
Which command will display the disk usage and quota limits for the development group?
rpm -qa
Which command will query the system for all installed RPM packages?
grep 'alias' .bashrc | tail -10
Which command will show the last 10 lines containing the word 'alias' in the file named .bashrc?
modprobe gameport
Which command would check for dependencies before loading the gameport module in the kernel?
modprobe -r debug
Which command would check for dependencies before removing the debug module from the kernel?
grep those /etc/diet/config
Which command would you use in a script to parse out entries that contain the word those form a file named config in a folder named diet beneath the /etc directory?
chkconfig --level 34 ldap on
Which command would you use to add the LDAP service to runlevels 3 and 4?
top
Which command would you use to look for a potential resource hog on a workstation?
mv
Which command would you use to move a file from one location to another?
mv /home/pmallory/reports /home/pmallory/reports.bak
Which command would you use to rename the /home/pmallory/reports file to reports.bak
:wq ZZ
Which commands will exit the vi editor while saving the changes you have made to a file? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
OS Kernel
Which component is responsible for loading and executing the initial process?
/etc/fstab
Which configuration file is used to store the instructions to mount a Samba filesystem at boot time?
/etc/inittab
Which configuration file must be edited to alter the runlevel?
D-Bus
Which daemon allows processes to communicate with each other and relay information about hotplug devices?
init
Which daemon is responsible for bringing up other services as runlevels are changed?
systemd
Which daemon is responsible for bringing up other units and services when boot targets are change?
init
Which deamon is responsible for bringing up other services as runlevels are changed?
Coldplug devices
Which device category do RAM chips, CPUs, expansion card (such as PCI cards) and standard hard disk drives belong to?
/dev/st0
Which device file accesses the first SCSI tape drive attached to the Linux computer?
sound card
Which device is most likely to use IRQ 5?
/usr/local/lib /usr/lib/
Which directories typically hold the dynamic libraries on your system?
/boot/grub2
Which directory contains the configuration file for GRUB 2?
/etc/init
Which directory contains the scripts used by the Upstart-based Linux distributions?
/etc
Which directory contains the startup and termination scripts?
/home/username
Which directory is NOT considered an important directory that should be mounted on a partition separate from the root filesystem?
-R
Which dpkg option installs a package recursively?
HISTSIZE
Which environment variable affects the number of past commands used in the current shell session?
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
Which environment variable specifies additional directories to search for the library files not listed in /etc/ld.so.conf?
/etc/shutdown.allow
Which file includes a list of users who are able to shut down the system?
default.target
Which file is used by the systemd program to start services during startup?
.bash_history
Which file stores the commands entered in the bash prompt?
vfat
Which file system is a FAT32 file system for Linux?
Packages are downloaded to the system, but not installed.
Which function does the -d option perform when using the apt-get command to install a package?
Reconfigures an unpacked package
Which function does the dpkg --configure command perform?
0x85
Which hexadecimal code represents an extended partition?
/root
Which if the directory is the home directory for the root user account?
Link count
Which information about a file changes on creating a hard link to the file?
Hardware configuration
Which information is stored in the BIOS?
SysV
Which initialization process uses shell scripts that start and stop programs?
-15
Which is the default signal sent to processes by the kill utility?
-SIGHUP
Which killl option stops and restarts the process with the same Process ID (PID)?
/dev/cdrom /mnt user,noauto
Which line should you add in the /etc/fstab file to allow a non-root user to mount CD-ROMs on /dev/cdrom?
/etc/inittab
Which of the following SysV init configuration files will you modify to disable the ctrl-alt-delete key combination?
All packages with names that match specified pattern are displayed
Which of the following actions does dpkg -l (lowercase l) command perform?
update
Which of the following apt-get commands is used to keep the package indices up-to-date?
The cpio command can extract archive files. The cpio command can copy files. The cpio command can create archive files.
Which of the following are correctly stated about the cpio command? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose three.
systemd SysV
Which of the following are valid init systems within Linux? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
type
Which of the following can be used to determine if a command is built-in?
UUID LABEL
Which of the following can be used to identify a partition? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
hotplug usbmgr
Which of the following can you use to load the necessary modules when your system detects a newly connected USB device? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
&
Which of the following characters is appended at the end of a command to launch a program in the background?
cp -R /temp /home/gshant cp -r /temp /home/gshant
Which of the following command copies the entire /temp directory with all of its files, sub-directories, and files in the sub-directories to the /home/gshant directory?
jobs top ps
Which of the following commands are used to list the process IDs of running applications? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose three.
xargs
Which of the following commands can be used to build commands from the standard input?
tune2fs
Which of the following commands can be used to change the time between successive filesystem checks on a ext2 filesystem, without losing any data?
dd
Which of the following commands can be used to create a representation of a DVD as a removable storage media?
ldconfig
Which of the following commands can be used to display the ld.so.cache file?
whereis
Which of the following commands can be used to find program executables and their related manual files?
chkconfig
Which of the following commands can be used to list the installed services and their associated runlevels?
halt init 0 shutdown
Which of the following commands can be used to power off a Linux computer? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose three.
cut -d : -f 1,4 /etc/passwd
Which of the following commands can be used to print a list of rows containing only the first and the fourth columns from the /etc/passwd file?
chmod +t /ucertify
Which of the following commands can be used to set the sticky bit for the /ucertify directory?
umount /mnt/cdrom umount /dev/cdrom
Which of the following commands can be used to unmount a cdrom mounted on the /mnt/cdrom directory? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
cat testfile cat < testfile
Which of the following commands can be used to view the contents of a file? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
tail
Which of the following commands can be used to write the last few lines of a text file to the standard output?
cd /home/steve cd ~
Which of the following commands change the current working directory to the user's home directory? Note: Assume the name of the user to be steve. Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
tune2fs -i 20d /dev/sda5
Which of the following commands changes the disk check interval for the /dev/sda5 filesystem to 20 days?
yy
Which of the following commands copies an entire line of text to an unnamed vi buffer in vi editor?
man -k whatis apropos
Which of the following commands could you use to search man pages for a specific keyword?
rm -r ~/\\dir
Which of the following commands deletes a non-empty directory /dir located in the home directory?
head -n -10 ~/smarts
Which of the following commands displays all lines in ~/smarts, omitting the last 10 lines?
ldd -v /bin/bash
Which of the following commands displays all the shared library information for the /bin/bash executable?
lsusb
Which of the following commands displays information about the devices connected through an external interface?
ls -i stat
Which of the following commands displays the inode number of a file? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
cat /home/tmpfile.c
Which of the following commands does not modify the timestamps on the /home/tmpfile.c file?
modprobe insmod
Which of the following commands enable users to load kernel modules? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
:q!
Which of the following commands exits vi without saving changes?
cut
Which of the following commands extracts filtered segments of a file and sends them to the standard output?
find /home/gshant -name '*.txt'
Which of the following commands finds files with the .txt extension in the /home/gshant directory?
cut -d : -f 1,7 /etc/passwd
Which of the following commands generates a list of only usernames with each user's login shell?
uptime
Which of the following commands gives a one-line display of the system's running time?
alien --install udgpro-1.0.0.rpm alien --to-deb --install udgpro-1.0.0.rpm
Which of the following commands installs the udgpro-1.0.0.rpm package on a Debian system? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
grub-install
Which of the following commands instantiates GRUB Legacy from within a running bash shell?
fdisk
Which of the following commands is a text-based menu-driven tool for disk partitioning?
kill -s SIGKILL 2939
Which of the following commands is most likely to stop a runaway process with PID 2939?
fgrep
Which of the following commands is the fastest method to search a file for fixed strings, rather than regular expressions.
tune2fs
Which of the following commands is used to adjust filesystem parameters?
ls /tmp >> deletelater.txt
Which of the following commands is used to append the list of files in the /tmp directory to an existing file named deletelater.txt?
mount
Which of the following commands is used to attach a filesystem to the directory structure?
setpci
Which of the following commands is used to change PCI configurations in Linux?
chown
Which of the following commands is used to change a file's owner in Linux?
chmod
Which of the following commands is used to change the access permissions for files and directories?
ldd
Which of the following commands is used to check the libraries a program file uses?
gzip
Which of the following commands is used to compress files?
alien
Which of the following commands is used to convert a package file from one format to another?
mkdir
Which of the following commands is used to create a directory in Linux?
gdisk
Which of the following commands is used to create and manipulate partition tables in a GPT formatted drive?
tar
Which of the following commands is used to create archives?
dd
Which of the following commands is used to create copies of entire filesystems in Linux?
mke2fs
Which of the following commands is used to create the extended ext2/ext3 filesystem on a partition?
rmdir
Which of the following commands is used to delete empty directory(ies) in Linux?
rm
Which of the following commands is used to delete files in Linux?
yumdownloader
Which of the following commands is used to download a package without installing it?
dmesg
Which of the following commands is used to inspect the kernel ring buffer?
mkswap
Which of the following commands is used to isolate an area on the primary hard disk drive that can be used as RAM in times of need?
cat
Which of the following commands is used to join files end to end?
pkill
Which of the following commands is used to kill processes based on usernames?
nice
Which of the following commands is used to launch a program with specified priority?
edquota
Which of the following commands is used to set quotas for users?
The init daemon is the parent of all processes. It creates processes from the script stored in the /etc/inittab file. It sets the following environment variables for all processes: path, init_version, runlevel, prelevel, and console. telinit is a command that can be used in place of init. It is often used interchangeably with init. In some distributions of Linux-based operating systems, the telinit command is nothing but a link to init.
Which of the following commands is used to switch a Linux computer to different runlevels? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
fsck
Which of the following commands is used to verify file system consistency in Linux?
reload
Which of the following commands is used with initctl to have Upstart reread its configuration files?
shutdown
Which of the following commands issues a warning to logged-in users before the shutdown process begins in a Linux server?
mount
Which of the following commands lists all filesystems mounted currently?
dpkg -C
Which of the following commands lists all partially installed Debian packages on the Linux operating system and also suggests what to do with them to get them working correctly?
rpm -qf /etc/passwd
Which of the following commands lists the package that owns the /etc/passwd file?
whereis
Which of the following commands locates files by checking each location in a list that is built into the program?
top pgrep
Which of the following commands look through the currently running processes and list the process IDs that match the selection criteria to stdout? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
chown .sales /sales/report chown :sales /sales/report
Which of the following commands makes sales the group owner of the /sales/report file?
nl
Which of the following commands numbers the lines of a file?
cat txtfile 1>&2
Which of the following commands redirects standard output to standard error?
ldconfig -N /bin/bash
Which of the following commands reloads the libraries for the /bin/bash executable, but does not update cache?
df
Which of the following commands shows the total amount of space used and available on each mounted filesystem in Linux?
grub-mkconfig
Which of the following commands updates the changes made to the grub.cfg file?
touch /home/gshants/smile
Which of the following commands will change the /home/gshants/smile file's modification and last accessed times to the current time.
HISTFILESIZE=300
Which of the following commands will configure the shell to retain 300 recently-used commands in the ~/.bash_history file for multiple shell sessions?
mke2fs /dev/sdc1 mkfs -t ext2 /dev/sdc1
Which of the following commands will create an ext2 file system on the first primary partition of the third hard drive?
lspci
Which of the following commands will display information about the PCI devices installed on the system?
cat /proc/cmdline
Which of the following commands will display which boot options were given to the kernel at boot time?
cat turbo
Which of the following commands will give the same results as cat < turbo?
grub-install -v grub2-install --version
Which of the following commands will help you determine which version of GRUB is installed on your Linux system?
grub2-install -v grub-install -v
Which of the following commands will help you to determine which version of GRUB is installed on your Linux system?
edquota -u
Which of the following commands will open the quota file for a specific user?
touch
Which of the following commands will update the modification timestamp on the /tmp/foo.txt file?
fdisk
Which of the following commands will you use to display the existing hard disk partitions?
dmesg
Which of the following commands will you use to examine the kernel boot up messages after the boot time?
shutdown - r now "rebooting" telinit 6
Which of the following commands will you use to reboot the system while using SysV init? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
jounralctl -b dmesg
Which of the following commands would allow you to determine if a service or driver failed to load during boot up?
find / -name '*blue*' -o -name '*gold*'
Which of the following commands would you use to find all the files on the system that have either blue or gold in their names?
killall is a command that terminates multiple processes running with the same name. For example, killall httpd terminates all httpd processes running on a Linux computer. The pkill command is used to kill processes according to an extended regular expression pattern which can be based on process name and other attributes. pkill can also send specific signals to processes.
Which of the following commands would you use to terminate all the processes having the same name? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
PCI domain numbers IRQ numbers
Which of the following configuration information can be displayed using the lspci command? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
/dev/tty2
Which of the following device file names represents the second local terminal on the system?
/sbin /etc /lib
Which of the following directories cannot be placed on a separate efilesystem, but rather must be part of the root filesystem? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose three.
/usr/share/man
Which of the following directories contains the library interfaces used by the man command?
/tmp
Which of the following directories is created on a separate partition to prevent processes from filling the root filesystem with large files?
/etc /bin /lib
Which of the following directories must remain on the same partition?
/etc /proc /bin
Which of the following directories should be part of the partition that holds the root (/) directory?
lsusb -v
Which of the following displays detailed information about USB devices?
--purge
Which of the following dpkg actions is used to remove a package with its configuration files?
--configure
Which of the following dpkg actions runs the post-installation script for installed packages?
PATH
Which of the following environment variables holds path of directory(ies) that contain executable files?
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
Which of the following environment variables is used to add directories holding shared libraries?
*quota.user (in the root directory of the filesystem) *quota.group (in the root directory of the filesystem)
Which of the following files are used to activate disk quotas on a filesystem? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
/etc/ld.so.conf /etc/ld.so.cache
Which of the following files contains the list of directories in which the ldconfig command searches the shared libraries? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
/proc/cmdline
Which of the following files contains the parameters passed to the kernel at the time of startup?
/etc/lilo.conf
Which of the following files is the Linux Loader (LILO) configuration file?
/etc/fstab
Which of the following files lists the filesystems to be mounted automatically at startup?
/etc/apt/sources.list
Which of the following files specifies a list of locations from where Debian installation packages can be installed?
/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg
Which of the following files stores the default configuration settings of the dpkg files?
exhibit125 exhibit1
Which of the following files will be displayed when using the egrep exhibit[0-9]+ ~/samps
/etc/fstab
Which of the following files will you edit to permanently mount a device during boot up of a system?
libarayfine.csv1
Which of the following files would NOT be found by the locate -i LibraryFines.csv command?
~/.bashrc ~/.profile
Which of the following files would you use to create aliases that are applied which a specific user starts a BASH session?
Create and manage logical volumes. Resize logical partitions dynamically. Create a volume group that spans multiple disks.
Which of the following functions can be performed using LVM (logical volume management)? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
The initial process
Which of the following has a process ID(PID) of 1?
-c
Which of the following history command parameters is used to delete all of the history entries?
processes that start during boot up actions to be taken by processes runlevels of each process
Which of the following information is maintained in the /etc/inittab file? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose three.
Distinct inode
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of hard links?
Valid inode for the file data even if the original file is deleted.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of symbolic links?
Duplicate files Incompatible support programs Missing libraries
Which of the following is most likely to cause package dependency conflicts? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
Split the file into new files of 1000 lines each.
Which of the following is the default action performed by the split command on an input file?
Primary IDE or ATA controller
Which of the following is the most frequent use of IRQ 14?
The fdisk command is used to create a partition on a hard disk. The fdisk command is used to delete a partition on a hard disk. The fdisk command is used to change the partition type.
Which of the following is true for the fdisk command?
The file executes with the permission of the user.
Which of the following is true when a binary file with the given permission string is executed by a user who is neither the owner of the file nor a member of the owner's group? -rwSr-xr-x
quiet
Which of the following kernel parameters is used to omit progress indicator information?
id:3:initdefault:
Which of the following lines in the /etc/inittab file defines the default runlevel?
MBR Root partition
Which of the following locations are valid to store LILO? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
Use the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to specify additional directories to search for library files. Modify /etc/ld.so.conf to add the path of the libraries.
Which of the following methods should you use to configure dynamic libraries on a Linux system?
-C
Which of the following modprobe options can be used to change the configuration file it uses?
-a
Which of the following mount parameters is used to mount all filesystems listed in the /etc/fstab file?
/dev/st1 /dev/nst0
Which of the following names identify a SCSI tape in Linux? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
Bourne-again shell (bash)
Which of the following options is the standard shell for most Linux computers.
-l
Which of the following options is used with the kill command to show all the available signal names?
-t
Which of the following options is used with the lilo command to test the changes made in the LILO configuration file?
The PATH statement includes .(period)
Which of the following presents the greatest security risk?
bootloader
Which of the following programs is executed after all BIOS tasks have been completed?
>>
Which of the following redirection operators appends the output to the specified file without overwriting it?
The -F rpm operation upgrades a package only if the package already exists on the system. The --freshen operation can also be used to perform the same function.
Which of the following rpm operations upgrades a package only if the package already exists on the system?
-l
Which of the following rpm options is used with -q operation to display the files contained within a package?
Runlevel 0 or 6 cannot be used as the default runlevel, since runlevel 0 is used to power off the Linux operating system and runlevel 6 is used to restart it.
Which of the following runlevels cannot be used as the default runlevel on the Linux operating system? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
shutdown -f
Which of the following shutdown commands is used to skip the fsck command process after rebooting the Linux operating system?
SIGTERM
Which of the following signal parameters is used to kill the process while allowing it to close open files?
Sticky Bit
Which of the following special permissions will prevent a file's deletion by anyone except the file owner?
A tarball is usually indicated by using multiple extensions, .tar and .gz, which are written together as .tar.gz or .tgz. A tarball is an archive file created by tar and optionally compressed with gzip or bzip2.
Which of the following statements are true about a tarball? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
The rm command can remove directories. The rm command can remove files.
Which of the following statements are true about the rm command? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
It is a virtual filesystem. The files in the /proc filesystem contain information about the running processes.
Which of the following statements are true of the /proc filesystem? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
apt-get is similar to the yum utility on an RPM distribution. apt-get uses /etc/apt/sources.list to find information about the application repositories.
Which of the following statements are true regarding the apt-get utility?
The AllNames file is split into three files containing 50 lines or less. The output is FiftyNames-001, FiftyNames-002, FiftyNames-003.
Which of the following statements best describe the split -50 -d -a 3 AllNames FiftyNames- command if there are 103 lines and 240 bytes in the file?
It contains the directory prefixes used to search for programs and files
Which of the following statements best describes the PATH environment variable?
A summary of disk usage and quotas is displayed for those users who have files within /home
Which of the following statements best describes the function of the repquota /home -vu command
nl adds the number, a colon, and a space to the front of each line in the file.
Which of the following statements best describes the nl -s ": " myfile command?
Inode
Which of the following stores file size and its location?
egrep
Which of the following string searching commands treats the specified pattern as regular expression and special characters as meta-characters by default?
3
Which of the following system runlevels initializes a full multi-user mode with console login screen?
systemd.unit
Which of the following systemd methods will you use to change the boot target?
Decrease the niceness of a program to negative values. Increase the priority of a program. Run a program with increased priority.
Which of the following tasks cannot be performed by a user without root privileges? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
systemd
Which of the following the best choice for a startup process for a Linux web server?
rpm2cpio
Which of the following utilities should you use if you need to extract a file from an RPM package file.
When the source and target files are on different filesystems
Which of the following will cause an error while creating a hard link?
A copy of the file ~/file1 would be placed in /data
Which of the following would be the result of the command ln -b ~/file1 /data/file1?
nice -n -1 gedit
Which of the the following commands starts the gedit program with a priority 1 above the default nice priority?
/etc/inittab
Which of the these configurations files define the default runlevel of your system?
Ext3 Ext4 XFS
Which of these Linux file systems support journaling?
timeout
Which option defines the wait duration for GRUB before loading the default operating system?
aptitude
Which package manager provides a front-end for the Advanced Package Tool infrastructure in Debian/GNU Linux systems?
--nodeps
Which parameter is used with the rpm command to ignore failed dependencies while installing a package?
maxdepth
Which parameter limits the search to a specific number of subdirectories?
-h
Which parameter of the du command makes the output more easily readable?
-type f -perm -u+rwx -ls
Which parameter should be used with the find command to find and display all the files that have the read, write, and execute permissions for the owner of the file?
swap
Which partition functions as a virtual memory
/swap
Which partition should typically be twice the size of the amount of RAM present in the system?
/var
Which partition stores the system log files and may require periodic administration to ensure that the partition does not fill up?
gdisk
Which partitions management utility can be used to define and change various different GUID partition configurations without committing the configuration to the disk until the w command is used?
/
Which path represents the root directory?
-a
Which repquota option will give quota limits and disk usage for all file systems listed in /etc/mtab?
DESCRIPTION
Which section on typically on a man page shows a list of options available for a Linux command and explains what the options do?
r-x
Which set of permissions represent the minimal permissions required to allow a user to list the contents of a directory?
small largefile
Which settings are valid for filesystem types with the mke2fs command? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
SIGHUP
Which signal causes a daemon to reinitialize itself?
whereis mycustomapp
Which single command should you use to find the path and manual pages for the mycustomapp program?
Using wildcards to match specific files.
Which statement describes file globbing?
It reconfigures an already installed package.
Which statement most correctly describes the purpose of the dpkg-reconfigure command?
|
Which symbol uses the output of one command as the input of another command?
pipe
Which symbol(s) will NOT result in file globbing issues?
BIOS
Which system component verifies the hardware and passes control of the computer to the boot loader?
list-units
Which systemctl command displays the current status of all configured units?
change the file creation time
Which task CANNOT be performed using the touch command?
uniq
Which test stream processing command filters identical, adjacent lines from a single file?
xz
Which tool provides the best compression?
Units Targets
Which two of the following does the systemd method use?
During Installation, software can predict where to place configuration files Individual users can predict where to find system configuration files.
Which two statements best describe the purpose of the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)?
ACPI power management dynamic information
Which type of information is stored in the /proc directory?
modprobe
Which utility runs at startup to load modules into the kernel.
p
While in command mode, you copied a whole line of text to memory. You navigated to a different location in the file, and now you need to place the line of text. What command should you use?
The umask must be set to 0022 and therefore block the write permission for the group owner and everyone else
While reading about file system permissions in Linux you discover that the default permissions assigned to new files when they are created are rw-rw-rw- (666 octal) and new directories are rwxrwxrwx (777 octal). However, when you create a new file in the directory called /data the permissions assigned are rw-r--r--. Why is this?
-j
While taking a backup of an archive of a directory, the system administrator wants to compress the files by using the bzip2 utility. Which option should the administrator use with the tar utility?
yy
While using the vi editor, you need to copy several consecutive lines from a file. You navigate to the first line that you need to copy. Which command should you use?
The output of the top command will be updated.
While viewing the output displayed by the top command, a user presses the Enter key. What will be the outcome on the system console?
fsck
While working on your Linux system, the power goes out due to a blown fuse in the power supply. When you restart the system, you see an error message saying the filesystem is corrupted. What would you use to fix this problem?
Mount the drive.
While working on your Linux system, you need to access data on a CD-ROM. You place the CD-ROM in the drive but nothing happens. You check the drive, and it seems operational. What do you need to do to access the data on the CD-ROM?
to remove temporary files that are created during the code compilation process
Why should you run the make clean command?
128
With fdisk, you can create a maximum of 4 partitions per disk. What is the maximum number of partitions per disk that can be created using gdisk?
rpm --test
Without installing an RPM package, you want to check for all the package's uninstalled dependencies. Which command should you use?
systemctl
You are Linux administrator. You need to change the current boot target on your Linux server, but you do not want the effect to be sustained for the next boot. Which of these would you use?
Try using a different kernel image. Try booting from a CD-ROM.
You are a Linux server administrator. One day, you find that a system isn't starting up. You discover that the boot loader is corrupt. You want to start up as quickly as possible. What should you? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
umask
You are a Linux system administrator and are managing the data processing for different teams, ranging from programming to administration. You need to ensure that the users that log in to the system cannot delete files that other people create. Which command should you use?
ldd
You are a Linux system administrator and have just compiled a binary for a mail server. You need to know whether an executable file is statically and dynamically linked, and also where the shared libraries are. Which of these would you use?
edquota
You are a Linux system administrator and need to get your Linux system ready for use for three new programmers who have been hired by your company. You need to ensure that all of them can use the system's disk space. However, you need to ensure that none of the new programmers uses more space on the hard drive than the others. Which of these commands would you use to ensure this?
ext3
You are a Linux system administrator and you need to create a new partition on your Linux machine. This partition needs to be used to store system sensitive data and so must be very reliable in the event of a system crash. Which of these would you use?
&>
You are a Linux system administrator. You have automated a process, and you want all of the output and error logs to be recorded in a file without your intervention. Which of these operators will you use?
fmt /home/shants/depsmark
You are accessing the /home/shants/depsmark text file through a terminal connection. The file has long lines of text, yet your terminal only shows 75 characters per line. What command should you use to limit the lines in the file to the limits on the terminal?
Change to single user mode and run fsck /dev/sda2
You are asked to help a user who is complaining that file system errors are being reported during boot up. When you reboot the user's system you see errors on sda2. You want to check the file system on sda2 and fix the errors. What can you do?
Ext4
You are assembling a workstation. The system requirements show that this system will be used primarily to store documents of small size. What is the best Linux file system to install?
rpm --force
You are attempting to install an RPM package on your Linux system, but the system tells you that a newer package is already installed. Which command will install the RPM package over the existing, installed package?
nodeps
You are attempting to install an RPM package on your Linux system, but the system tells you that package has dependencies that are not installed. What would you enter at the command prompt to force RPM to override the need to install dependencies?
666
You are called into the office of a newly hired manager. He has copied a file from his old place of work into his new workstation, but is now receiving an error message that access is denied each time he tries to access the file. He is not the owner of the file, and not a member of the group the file is associated with. Which of the following represents the least set of file permissions needed for him to be able to read and write the file?
In Linux, the first IDE drive is represented by the device name of /dev/hda and the second one is /dev/hdb. Similarly, the first partition of the first hard disk is represented as /dev/hda1, and so on. So, the first partition of the second device is /dev/hdb1.
You are configuring a new hard disk on your Linux server. The new hard disk will become the second hard disk of the server. You use the fdisk command to make it a single partition drive. You want to format the partition with the ext2 filesystem. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish this?
%s/research/development/gc
You are editing a file in the vi editor. You need to replace every occurrence of the word research with the word development, even when the word appears multiple times on a single line, while confirming every substitution. Which command should you use?
Change the default line to read default=1
You are editing the /boot/grub/grub.conf file as shown below: default=0 timeout=5 splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz #hiddenmenu title Fedora (2.6.33-3-85.fc13.i686) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.33-3-85.fc13.i686 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_lv_root rd_LVM_LV=vg_vm/ v_root rd_LVM_LV=vg_vm/lv_swap rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_MD rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rhgb quiet initrd /initransfs-2.6.33-3-85.fc13.i686.img title Red HAT Linux (2.6.18-19.8.0.19) root (hd0,1) kernel /boot/bzImage.2.6.18-19.8.0.19mar09 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_lv_root rd_LVM_LV=vg_vm/ v_root rd_LVM_LV=vg_vm/lv_swap rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_MD rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rhgb quiet initrd /boot/initrd-2.6.18-19.8.0custom.img.19mar09 You want GRUB to load the second operating system installed on the system as the default when the system boots. What should you do?
systemctl isolate poweroff.target
You are experiencing a problem with a network error. You want to bring the system down and try reseating the cards within it before restarting it. Which command runs poweroff.target to shutdown the system in an orderly manner?
init 0
You are experiencing a problem with a network server. You want to bring the system down and try reseating the cards within it before restarting it. This is a SysV init system. Which command completely shuts down the system in an orderly manner.
/etc/inittab
You are experiencing a problem with on particular server. Each time it boots, it goes into single user mode even though no warnings or errors are reported. You want to verify that it is configured to boot to runlevel 3, just as all your other servers are. Which file would you check to find the default runlevel settings?
systemctl get-default
You are experiencing a problem with one particular server. Each time it boots, it goes into single user mode even though no warnings or errors are reported. You want to verify that it is configured to boot the multi-user.target unit, just as all your other servers are. the system is running systemd. Which command would you use to see which boot target is set as the default?
-b
You are inspecting the superblocks and block information on your file system. You need dumpe2fs to display only the blocks that are reserved as bad in the file system. Which option should you use?
/boot
You are installing Linux on an old computer with an old BIOS, and you are planning out the partitions of the hard disk drive. Which of the following directories should exist in the first 1024 cylinders of the hard disk drive?
GRUB should be installed on the boot sector of the Linux partition
You are installing a bootloader on a system that will boot both Linux and Windows. You are going to use the GRUB bootloader for Linux. Where is the best location for GRUB?
/etc/init.d
You are looking for a more orderly way of stopping processes besides running the kill utility. Another Administrator tells you that script exist to stop most processes in an orderly fashion. Where should you look for such scripts on your system?
"g...y$"
You are looking for a specific five-character string in the ~/customquote file with the grep command. The string should begin with the letter g, end with an y, and be the last string on the line. Which regular expression should you use with grep?
systemctl isolate graphical.target
You are on a systemd and you want to change from the currently running target unit, without rebooting the system, to a target that supports networking, multiple users, and displays a graphical interface. What command should you enter?
vgcreate backup /dev/sdc
You are preparing to use a logical volume with LVM. Which of the following commands creates a volume group named back on the third disk in the system?
pvcreate
You are preparing to use a logical volume with LVM. Which of the following commands initializes a physical volume?
df -h df
You are requested to help a user who reports that he has n omore local storage space. You go to his system and log in as root user. Which command will display the available space on all partitions?
T1a73gZ9!
You are teaching new users about security and passwords. Which example of the passwords would be the most secure password?
YUM
You are the system administrator for a Linux server running Red Hat Linux. You need to install a new package for an office suite. You will not be managing the same system for long, so you need to ensure that the installed package is automatically updated and its dependencies managed. Which of these will you use?
chmod 1664 project_data.doc
You are the team lead for a marketing project. Only the members of the team3 group should have read/write permissions to a document called project_data.doc, however, you want to ensure that no one on the team will delete the document by accident. Your user name is bsmith. A long listing of the file is as follows: -rwxr-xr-x 1 bsmith team3 7260 June 22 2004 project_data.doc Which of the following commands would accomplish this?
myscript >>testfile.txt
You are trying to debug a shell script called myscript and to aid you in this task you would like to have the output of the script be recorded in a text file. which of the following commands would satisfy your requirements?
ls -s> Friday 2>&1
You are trying to debug a shell script that has the command ls -s in it. You suspect an error is occurring here and want to send the results of the operation (successful or error) to a file named Friday in order to examine it later. Which of the following commands should you use?
dmesg -n 1
You are trying to troubleshoot intermittent errors that are occurring while continuing to work on other projects. Which command displays system messages, but only the ones that are panic messages?
pvscan
You are using LVM on your Linux system to manage hard disk partitions. What command do you enter to scan for physical volumes on the system?
lvscan
You are using LVM on your Linux system to manage the existing volumes. What command do you enter to scan for logical volumes on the system?
vgextend backup /dev/sdd
You are using LVM on your Linux system to manage to existing volumes. After adding and initializing the fourth hard drive to system and creating a physical volume, what command should you use to add it to the backup volume group?
apt-cache search -n mypackage
You are using a Debian Linux operating system. You want to search names only of all the packages containing the word mypackage in the package name. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish the task?
awk -F: '{print $1}' /etc/passwd | sort
You are using awk to print a sorted list of the user names in /etc/passwd. Which command will accomplish the sorted output?
-k
You are using the alien command to convert an .rpm package to a .deb package. You need to ensure that the version number of the new package is the same as the .rpm package. Which parameter of the alien command should you use?
"b[^o].l"
You are using the grep command to search a file for a certain matches. You want to locate all text strings of four-letter words that start with a b, end with an l, and do not contain the letter o as the second letter. Which regular expression should you use with the grep command?
-f
You are using the mv command to move several files to a new directory. You do not want to be prompted for permission to overwrite the files. Which option should you use?
multi-user.target
You are working on Linux distribution that uses systemd. Which file in the /usr/lib/systemd/system/ directory is used to start the services that support multiple users, networking, and is text-based?
/etc/init/rc-sysinit.conf
You are working on Linux distribution which uses Upstart. Which file allows you to set the default runlevel?
apt-get
You are working on a Debian distribution of Linux. You need to install a package, but you do not want to manually install all the dependencies for the package. Without using any command options, what command should you use?
apt-cache
You are working on a Debian distribution of Linux. You want to retrieve information about the Debian package database on the system. Without using any command options, what command will provide the information you need?
sudo reboot
You are working on a Linux installation without a graphical user interface (GUI). You need to restart your system from the command line. Which command would you use for this?
man uname
You are working on a Linux system and need more information about the uname command. What would you enter at the command prompt to learn about the uname command syntax and options?
systemctl
You are working on a systemd-based Linux distribution. Which command can you use to manage the services and targets?
3l
You are working with the vi editor and writing a textfile. Which of the following commands will you use if you want to move the cursor 3 characters to the right?
insmod
You can add a new kernel module in the Linux operating system by using the _________ command.
grep
You create a list of users on your system and store it in a file. You want to find all users with the character a in their name appearing at least once. Which of these would you use for the search?
nl -b a maintenance > maintenance_number.txt
You create a script named maintenance to perform some vital maintenance functions on a Linux server. When the script runs, you receive an error message that refers to line 14. You need to discover which line in the script is the problem by numbering all the lines in the script. Which command should you run?
swapon /dev/sda3
You created a swap area on sda3, but its not activated. Which command should you use to activate the swap partition?
Display the information one screen at a time, moving forward through the information.
You decide to use the more command to view the man pages on a Linux computer. What will this allow you to do?
~/.bash_login
You default target on your Linux system is set to multi-user mode; however, you want the X Windows System to launch when you log into the system. Which file should you edit?
-P
You discover that an old version of a Debian application is being installed by users. You need to remove the package and its configuration files using the dpkg command. Which parameter should you use?
The output is routed to the mylog1.txt file and standard output.
You execute the myapp | tee mylog1.txt command. What is the result of this command?
600
You execute the umask 077 command. Which of the following is the effective permissions for any new files you create during this session?
/etc/default/grub /etc/grub.d/40_custom
You have GRUB 2 installed on your workstation. You need to make changes to the boot menu. Which files and scripts can you edit to modify the menu entries and behavior of the boot menu?
/boot/grub/grub.conf /boot/grub/menu.lst
You have GRUB installed on your workstation. You need to make sure permanent changes to the boot loader. What file would you edit?
8 GB
You have a Linux system with 8 GB of RAM installed. You plan to use this as a server system. How much space should you plan to partition for the swap file?
Add timeout=12 to the /boot/grub/grub.conf
You have a dual-boot system with a Linux and Windows operating systems. You need to configure the GRUB bootloader to display the GRUB menu for 12 seconds before GRUB automatically boots the default operating system. What should you do?
1. Select the operating system 2. Press the a key 3. Add the kernal boot options to the existing boot options. 1. Select the operating system 2. Press the e key. 3. Select the kernel line. 4. Press the e key. 5. Add the kernel boot options to the existing boot options.
You have a duel-boot machine with two different Linux operating systems. Before you boot into one of the operating systems, you need to insert kernel boot options. The GRUB menu is displayed on your screen and waiting for your interaction. What should you do?
./ni /root/ni
You have a executable file named ni that allows you to save a snapshot of your network information with the date and time into a log file. The file is in the /root directory, and /root is the current working directory. How would you run the executable file?
tr -s '\n' '\n' < research.txt
You have a file named research.txt that contains many instances of double new line characters. You need to ensure that only single new line characters are used. Which command should you use?
g/development/p
You have a file open in the vi editor. You want to display all lines that contain the text string development. Which command should you use?
bg 6
You have a gedit process with a job ID of 6. Which command would you enter at the command prompt to send the process to the background?
swapoff /dev/sda3
You have a linux system with two activated swap partitions: sda3 and sdb2. Which of the following commands can you use to deactivate the sda3 swap partition?
nohup
You have a program that you want to continue running even after you log out. Which command should you use?
split
You have a single text file that contains all the customer account information. You need to divide the file into two files. Which command should you use?
the secondary boot loader
You have a system with more than one Linux operating system installed. During the system's bootup process, which component loads a splash screen, thus allowing you to choose which operating system you want to run?
Insert the password option into the /boot/grub/grub.conf file before the listed operating systems. Insert the lock option into the /boot/grub/grub.conf file for the second operating system
You have a system with two installed operating systems. You have already configured the GRUB bootloader to manage which operating system is loaded by default and how long to display the two operating system choices when the system boots up. Now you need to prevent all users (except for you) from making changes to the second operating system in the GRUB menu and restrict users from booting to the second operating system. The users should boot the system using the first listed operating system.
Set the default boot target to rescue.target
You have a systemd Linux system that is configured to boot into the graphical.target by default. The system seems to be running much slower than normal. You need to reboot the system, but you want it to boot into a single-user target unit with no network access so you can perform troubleshooting tasks and get the system running normally again. What should you do before you reboot?
tar -tf /dev/rmt12
You have a tape archive mounted in /dev/rmt12. You need to get a list of the file contents. Which command will list the contents?
sed 's/Avenue A/Commerce Avenue/g' deliveries.txt > deliveriesv2.txt
You have a text file named deliveries.txt that contains all the addresses to which your company regularly delivers in your city. Recently, Avenue A has been renamed Commerce Avenue. You need to replace all occurrences of Avenue A with Commerce Avenue. You want the new version of the file to be named deliveriesv2.txt. Which command should you use?
fdisk /dev/sdb
You have added a second hard disk to your Linux system. Which of the following commands will allow you to partition the new drive?
pvcreate /dev/sdc
You have added a third hard disk to your Linux system. What command would you use to initialize a physical volume on this disk for later use by the Logical Volume Manager?
rpm -U mathpac
You have an RPM package called mathpac that is not working correctly. You have downloaded the latest package. Which command should you use to install the latest mathpac package?
xfs_metadump -o /dev/sdb1 /reviewxfs
You have an XFS file system in your Linux system represented by /dev/sdb1. You need to copy all the filenames on the drive to the /reviewxfs file. You must be able to read the filenames in the /reviewxfs file. Which of the following commands should you use?
-rwxr-sr-- 3 root sys 73748 Nov 2 2005 /usr/bin/applications
You have an application whose group is sys but you want all users, whether or not they are members of the sysadmin group, to execute the application with sysadmin group permissions. Which of the following examples shows correct usage of the SGID flag?
-rwsr--r-- 3 root sys 73748 Nov 2 2005 /usr/bin/applications
You have an application whose owner is root but you want all users to execute the application with the root user permissions. Which of the following examples shows correct usage of the SUID flag?
/root/ni ./ni
You have an executable file named ni that allows you to save a snapshot of your network information with the date and time into a log file. The file is in the /root directory, and /root is the current working directory. How would you run the executable file?
xfs_growfs -n xfs_info
You have an xfs file system in your Linux computer. You need to display the XFS file system parameters, such as the block size and inode data structures. Which of the following commands should you use?
/usr/local
You have been asked to back up the directory that contains the applications that are installed on a Linux system. Which directory should you back up?
kill -l
You have been called in to a remote site to troubleshoot an problem with a process that needs to be terminated. You are taken to the workstation with the problem and immediately realize that it is an implementation of Linux you have never worked with before. Which option would you use with the kill utility at the command prompt to see the valid signals available with this Linux system you're not familiar with?
Edit the /etc/default/grub file directly to indicate the new kernel should be the default
You have compiled a new kernel using rpm. When you reboot, the new kernel is not the default selection on the boot menu. You use the GRUB 2 boot loader. What might you need to do to fix the problem?
Edit the grub.conf file to add the new kernel
You have compiled a new kernel. When you reboot, the new kernel is not shown on the boot menu. You use the GRUB bootloader. What might you need to do fix the problem?
du
You have configured a file server on the company's network. You want to summarize disk usage of each file in a particular directory on the file server. Which of the following commands will you use?
p
You have copied several lines using the yy command. You navigate to a new location and want to paste those lines below your current position in the file. Which command should you use?
df /sales
You have created a separate partition for the sales team and mounted it to the /sales directory. The team is about to begin a new project, and they want to make sure there is enough disk space to hold upcoming files. Which command will show you the amount of free space?
Download the package. Run rpm -Uvh on the package to install the update.
You have found a patch for the Samba server on your system. The patch is a .rpm package. Which is the most correct procedure to install the package?
shutdown -h +15 It is time for a shutdown!
You have informed users that you need to bring the machine down at the end of the day to perform routine maintenance. However, prior to shutting the system down, you want to send a message to users to give them fifteen minutes to save data and exit the system.
/cpuinfo /meminfo
You have installed a new Linux system and you want to make a baseline of system performance. Which of these files contain baseline information?
gdisk /dev/sdb
You have installed a new blank hard drive on your Linux system. This is the second drive on the system so it is represented in the file system by the /dev/sdb file. You need to create GUID partitions on this drive. What command do you use to start up the GUID disk management utility to create partitions on the /dev/sdb drive?
dnf update mathpac
You have installed a package called mathpac with DNF. After a system upgrade, that package is not working correctly. Which command should you try first to get the package to work?
apt-get upgrade mathpac
You have installed a package called mathpac with apt-get. After a system upgrade, the package is not working correctly. Which command is the most current option to get the package to work?
Set the SUID on the program
You have just installed a new program that will be used by all users on the computer. After installation, you log in as a regular user and you try to run the program. The program stops and displays the following error: Error: not running as root What should you do so that all users can run this program?
All 8 partitions are the same. They are just partitions. There are no primary, extended, or logical partitions.
You have just used the gdisk utility to create 8 partitions on a new hard drive. Which of the following describes the partitions you have just created?
init q
You have made changes to the /etc/inittab file, but they do not seem to be taking effect. This is the busy time of day, and you do not want to bring the system down and back up. Which command forces the system to reread the entries in the /etc/inittab file?
:q!
You have opened the /root/myscript file in vi. While looking at the file, your soda spilled, and you hit several keys on the keyboard trying to pick it back up. There are extra characters everywhere in the file, and you know you can't fix it. How do you exit vi without saving the changes?
rpm -e mplayer
You have previously installed the package mplayer and wish to remove it from your computer. Which removal method should you use?
You cannot format an extended partition
You have put a new hard disk in your system and created two primary partitions(sdb1 and sdb2) and one extended partition (sdb3). You have just formatted sdb1 with ext3 and sdb2 as a swap area. When you try to format sdb3 as a swap area, you are unable to. What is the problem?
fmt
You have received a text file that has long, irregular line lengths. You need to change the line lengths for the file. Which command should you use?
fg 1
You have serveral processes running in the background as shown from the jobs command below: [1]+ Running gedit & [2]+ Stopped crontab e What command will bring the gedit program to the foreground?
mke2fs -j /dev/sdd2
You have successfully partitioned the forth hard drive into 2 primary partitions. You need to format the second partition with the ext3 file system. Which command will work?
exec ./myapp
You have the myapp executable file. It is found in the current directory, but not in the command path. What would you enter at the command prompt to start the myapp file and replace the shell with myapp process?
4
You have to create a primary partition on one of your hard disk in a Linux system. How many primary partitions can you create?
paste
You have two files that need to be merged line-by-line. The lines from each file must be separated by tabs. Which command should you use?
dnf list ruby
You have users who need to do some programming projects in the Ruby programming language. What DNF command do you use to find out if there is a ruby package available to install on the Linux server?
modprobe gamepad insmod gamepad.ko
You just got a new input device named GamePad that you want to use on your computer. You don't think that the GamePad driver (i.e. kernel module) was compiled into the kernel of your Linux distribution. Which of the following commands will install the driver (gamepad.ko) into the kernel?
Press Esc Type :wq
You made a few changes to the /boot/grub/grub.conf file and now you need to exit out of insert mode, save the changes, and quit. What should you do?
Add the command defining the alias to the appropriate shell configuration file.
You much do which of the following to define a persistent alias?
chmod 750 myscript
You must change ownership of a script called myscript so that only the user owner has read/write access to it and only the user owner and group owner have execute permissions. which of the following commands would accomplish this?
cp -r
You need save a backup of all your files on a Linux server. There are hundreds of files and subfolders inside your personal folder. How can you copy all the files in one action?
Within the /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory Within the /etc/yum.conf file.
You need the YUM utility to check specific URLs for RPM repositories. Where should you add URLs
tar -cvf /root/jane.tar /home/user/jane tar -czvf /root/jane.tgz /home/user/jane
You need to backup Jane's files in her /home/user/jane directory. Whcih command will create an archive in the /root directory?
unexpand -t 4 /home/varstown
You need to change how the /home/varstown file is displayed. Specifically, you need to replace 4 consecutive spaces with a tab when you print the file to the screen. how should you enter the command at the command prompt?
expand-t 3 /home/varstown
You need to change how the formatting displays the /home/varstown file, Specifically, you need to replace each tab character with 3 spaces when you print the file to the screen. what command should you enter at the command prompt?
/etc/updatedb.conf
You need to configure a few changes to how the locatedb index file is created. What is the full path and filename of the file you should edit?
tune2fs -j /dev/sdb3
You need to convert the file system of /dev/sdb3 from ext2 to ext3 without affecting the data on the drive. What command and option should you enter at the command prompt?
Type umask 0066 to change your umask
You need to create a large number of files and would like to ensure that you, the user owner, are the only one that has read and write permissions to the files. The files will be located in a number of different directories that already contain files that you don't want their permissions modified. How could you create these files with the correct permissions using the least amount of effort?
lvcreate -L 2T -n video home
You need to create a logical volume named video in the home volume group and give it 2 TB of disk space. Which command would you use to complete this task?
vi network.txt
You need to create a new text file with the name network.txt in the current directory. Which command starts vi and creates the file?
mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
You need to create an ext4 file system on the first partition on the second hard disk drive. What command should you enter at the command prompt?
GPT
You need to create five primary partitions on a system that is a testing machine for five different operating systems. Which boot layout will help you do this?
mkdir -p /var/oracle/database/9i
You need to create the directory /var/oracle/database/9i. Only the directory /var currently exists. From the root of the filesystem, which command will create the directory path?
top
You need to determine the priority of several processes. Which command should you enter to identify the process ID and nice value for each process?
quota -g research
You need to determine the quota settings for the research group. Which command should you use?
rpm -ql metacity
You need to determine which files are associated with the metacity RPM package. Which command should you use?
jobs
You need to discover which processes are associated with the current Linux session. Which command should you use?
od
You need to display the contents of a non-ASCII file. Which command should you use?
G
You need to edit a shell script to modify a program you wrote. You open the counter.sh file using the vi editor. You notice you are not able to type in your edits. What key will move you to a specific line in the file to start editing?
find -size +300k
You need to find all files in the /home/gshant directory that are larger than 300k. You change directories to /home/gshant. What would you enter at the command prompt to find these files?
cat /proc/meminfo
You need to get detailed information about the system memory. Which command will display that information?
kill -9 2129
You need to immediately terminate process ID 2129. Which command should you use?
/etc/fstab
You need to implement disk quotas on your Linux system. You need the quotas on the / directory. What is the full path and name of the file that must be edited to implement quotas for users and groups?
Edit the /etc/modules.conf file.
You need to install a kernel module that cannot be compiled directly into the kernel and cannot be handled by the module handler. What should you do?
rpm -ih apt-0.5.15cnc6-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm rpm -Uh apt-0.5.15cnc6-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
You need to install the package apt-0.5.15cnc6-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm. Which commands will perform the installation?
root (hd1,0)
You need to make the /dev/hdb1 hard drive the root drive in the GRUB configuration file. Which entry should you make?
SIGINT
You need to manage a process in the foreground by pressing Ctrl+C on the keyboard. What signal code is sent to the process?
Move the file to the new location, and create a hard link.
You need to move a file within the same Linux filesystem. You need to ensure that users are still able to access the file without changing the users' computers, even if the source location changes in the future. What should you do?
Ctrl+U
You need to move up half a screen in the vi editor. Which command should you use?
cut -f ~/smarts
You need to obtain specific information found in the columns of ~/smarts. Which of the following commands should you use?
systemctl isolate rescue.target
You need to perform some system maintenance on a systemd system, and want to prevent users form logging on while you do so. Which command should you run?
init 1
You need to perform some system maintenance, and want to prevent users form logging on while you do so. Which command should you run?
grep -v Karen blue_and_gold
You need to quickly see all the lines in the blue_and_gold text file that do not reference Karen. Which command would you use to accomplish this?
dnf remove
You need to remove an RPM package form your system. Which of the following commands could you use?
tar -xzvf /backup/013004.tar.gz /home/accounting/yearend.xls
You need to restore a file, yearend.xls, form the archive 013004.tar.gz in the backup directory. The file needs to be restored to /home/accounting. Which command will perform the restore?
-u
You need to restore the files in a backup using the cpio command. You must make sure that all files are replaced with the versions from the backup file. Which parameter should you use?
-a
You need to run the repquota command to determine quota usage on your Linux server. The output must report quota usage for all filesystems in the /etc/mtab file. Which parameter should you use?
-i
You need to search a text file for the occurrence of the word Julie, regardless of the casing used. Which parameter of the grep command should you use?
top
You need to see a listing of running processes and system status such as memory and CPU usage. which command will produce the listing?
acct
You need to see who has permissions to the sales_projection_q2 file. You use ls -l sales_projection_q2 adn get this information: drwxr-xr-x 22 pclark acct 4096 Jun 19 15:01 sales_projection_q2 What group is shown as owner of this file?
pclark
You need to see who has permissions to the sales_projection_q2 file. You use ls -l sales_projection_q2 adn get this information: drwxr-xr-x 22 pclark acct 4096 Jun 19 15:01 sales_projection_q2 Who is the user shown as owner of this file?
jobs
You need to send a process to the foreground. Which command should you enter to identify the job ID for the process?
export COMP=1745
You need to set the COMP variable to the value 1745. Which command will set the variable so it is available to other shell programs?
chmod 4777 rider
You need to set the SUID permission on a file named rider. Which of the following commands will accomplish this?
shutdown -h now
You need to shut down the system immediately and send a message to logged in users to allow running processes to close gracefully. Which command would you use?
u
You need to undo the most recent command in the vi editor. Which command should you use?
Use a package manager to upgrade the package.
You need to upgrade a Web server program on your Debian Linux system. What will you need to do?
-f
You need to use the cut command to obtain the information in certain columns of a text document. Which parameter should you use?
ls -a
You need to view the contents of the /home/jerrys directory. What would you enter at the command prompt to show all the contents, including hidden files and directories?
/etc/inittab
You need to view the default runlevel of your Linux server. Which of these would you use to accomplish this?
-k
You need to view the files within /home/gshant/expfile.bz2, but you want to leave the compressed file unchanged. What bzip2 option should you use?
-n
You need to view the lines of a text file. You need to prefix each line of text with a line number. Which parameter should you use with the grep command?
The symbolic links would still exist in your home directory but they would now be broken
You previously created symbolic links in your home directory to a set of files in the /data directory using the ln -s command. The system administrator has just deleted those files. What happens to the links that you created?
nice
You recently created several scripts and run them all at the same time. You realize one of the timestamper.sh scripts is taking up a lot of CPU time. You need to set its priority so that it completes its tasks sooner. Which of these commands should you run?
grub-install --root-directory=/boot sd2
You recently installed a third hard drive in your system. You need to install GRUB on the hard drive. Which command should you use?
There is a lot of space here
You run the following echo command: $ echo "There is a lot of space here"
wc -c file1.txt 2>error.txt
You run the wc -c file1.txt command. If this command displays any error message, you want to store the error message in the error.txt file. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish the task?
-p
You suspect your /dev/sda3 partition is in need of repair. Which of the following e2fsck options will repair the errors without any interaction from you?
pipe operator (|)
You teach a Linux course and have a large list of students enrolled in the course. After registration is complete, you need to sort the list of names alphabetically using commands on the Linux shell. You need a way to connect your output command with your sorting command. Which of these will you use to accomplish this task?
Reconfigure the BIOS.
You try to boot your Linux computer, and no keyboard is attached. The system will not boot and reports a keyboard error. What can you do to start the system without the keyboard?
The program relies on a library called libXm.so.1, but that library isn't correctly installed.
You try to run a program but receive the following error message. What does it mean? error in loading shared libraries: libXm.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
The command history will be cleared (deleted).
You type history -c at a bash command prompt. What will be the result?
hair3.pdf
You type ls *r[0-9].pdf in a directory. Which of the following files' names, if present, is displayed in the resulting output?
which photorec
You use a program on your Linux system name photorec. What would you enter at the command prompt to display the path to the photorec binary file?
chown jyoung:sales /home/sales/sales_projection_q2
You use ls -l /home/sales/sales_projection_q2 and get this information: drwxr-xr-x 22 pclark acct 4096 Jun 19 15:01 sales_projection_q2 Which command will change the user owner to jyoung and the group owner to sales?
dnf install ruby
You used DNF to list the ruby packages that are available to install. You see that there is a package available that is called ruby. What DNF command do you use to install this ruby package?
yum install python
You used YUM to list the python packages that are available to install. You see that there is a package available that is called python. What yum command do you use to install this python package?
PATH=$PATH:/sbin/special
You want the directory /sbin/special to always be a part of the PATH. You also want to keep all the current entries in you PATH statement. Which of the following commands would you use?
<>
You want the same file to be used as both standard input and standard output. Which redirection operator should you use?
user
You want to allow a user to unmount a filesystem that the user has mounted. Which of the following options will you add in the /etc/fstab file?
sysfs
You want to allow users on your network to use virtual files, systems, and devices. You also need to export kernel data structures for use by some systems users. Which of the following will you choose for this task?
ps -aux | grep cc ps -aux | more ps -aux
You want to check whether the cc process is running on a computer. Which of the following commands can you use to accomplish the task? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose three.
alien --to-deb my_package.rpm
You want to convert the my_package.rpm rpm package into the Debian package. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish the task?
grpquota
You want to enable group quota support on a filesystem. Which of the following options will you add on the /etc/fstab file to accomplish the task?
:
You want to enter ex mode in the vi editor from command mode. Which key should you press?
quota john
You want to find out what quota a user 'john' is using. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish the task?
sed -e 's/foo/bar/g' myfile.txt
You want to issue a simple command to replace all occurrences of the string foo with the string bar in the file myfile.txt. You have decided to use sed. Which command will work?
chown rick TRADE1.TXT TRDREPORT.TXT
You want to make Rick an owner of the TRADE1.TXT and TRDREPORT.TXT files. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish this?
mount -a
You want to mount all partitions listed in /etc/fstab. Which of the following commands will you use?
j
You want to move down one line in the vi editor. Which command should you use?
grep -e dblair /etc/group
You want to perform an audit and make sure that group membership for user dblair is correct. Which command would you use to view the groups that dblairis a member of?
tail /var/log/messages
You want to quickly examine the last ten entries in /var/log/messages. Which of the following commands will do this?
dpkg --purge
You want to remove a Debian package including its configuration files. Which of the following commands will you use?
cpio -ivd "*.cfg" < /mnt/hdd2/configs.cpio
You want to restore files with the extension .cfg from an archive called configs.cpio. Which command will perform the restore.
sed
You want to substitute a new text string for an existing text string within a text file. Which command should you use?
newgrp
You want to temporarily change your primary group to another group of which you are a member. In this process, a new shell will be created, and when you exit the shell, your previous group will be reinstated. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish this task?
ls -l | less
You want to view the contents of a directory, but the output of the ls -l command scrolls beyond the limit of one console window. Which of the following commands would allow you to see the full listing of the directory?
echo $HISTSIZE
You want to view the number of commands your HISTSIZE environment variable is set to save. You didn't want to scroll through all the environment variables. Which command shows you the value of the HISTSIZE variable?
graphical.target
You ware working on a Linux distribution that use systemd. Which non-symlink file in the /usr/lib/systemd/system/ directory is used to start the services necessary for multiple users, networking, and for a graphical display?
alien (alien [--to-deb] [--patch=patchfile] [options] file)
You were asked to convert the Debian package into the redhat package and vice-versa. Which of the following tools will you select?
A high CPU time
You work as a Linux technician for Tech Perfect Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. You have configured a database server in the network. Users complain that the server has become remarkably slow. However, the previous day, the server was performing well. You know that some of the processes may be the cause of the issue. You run the ps command on the server. While reviewing this output, which information will you look at that suggests the problematic process?
chmod 754 report
You work as a network administrator for Net Perfect Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. You have created a folder named report. You have made David the owner of the folder. The members of a group named JAdmin can access the folder and have read, write, and execute permissions. No other user can access the folder. You want to ensure that the members of the JAdmin group do not have the write permission on the folder. Also, you want other users to have the read permission on the report folder. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish the task?
Track the amount of free space on the hard disk.
You work as a network administrator for Net World International. You have installed a Linux server on the company's network. Users report that they are unable to write on a filesystem. You verify that there is no free space available on the hard disk drive. You mount another hard disk drive to resolve the issue. How will you prevent the issue from happening again?
chown John foofile
You work as a network administrator for Perfect Solutions Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. You are a root user on the Red Hat operating system. You want to grant ownership of the foofile file to a user named John. Which of the following commands should you use to accomplish this task?
ps > ProStat.txt
You work as a network administrator for Perfect Solutions Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. You want to save a list of the current processes running on the system to the ProStat.txt file. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish the task?
ls -l
You work as a network administrator for Perfect solutions Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. You want to see the file permissions on a file. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish the task?
GRUB
You work as a network administrator for Rick Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. You are configuring a Linux server. Which of the following bootloaders does not require to be rewritten after the configuration of the kernel has been changed?
Kill the process and rerun it by using the nice command with the -n 19 switch.
You work as a network administrator for Rick International. The company has a Linux-based network. A process is running on a server. It is using a lot of processing power. You want the process to use fewer resources. Which of the following actions will you perform to accomplish the task?
-c
Your ext3 file system has experienced a significant amount of corruption. To examine the file system, you want to use the debugfs utility, Which debugfs option should you use to examine the file system?
systemctl is-enabled atd.service
Your system is currently running the multi-user.target. What would you enter at the command prompt to find out if the add.service is configured to start every time the multi-user.target is loaded?
Step One: systemctl isolate graphical.target Step Two: systemctl enable bluetooth.service
Your system is currently running the multi-user.target. You want to enable the bluetooth.service to run when the graphical.target is loaded. There are two commands you much enter from a command prompt to accomplish this task.
Version number
example: arcoread-8.1.3-51.6.i586.rpm what is the 8.1.3?
Package name
example: arcoread-8.1.3-51.6.i586.rpm what is the acroread?
Architecture type
example: arcoread-8.1.3-51.6.i586.rpm what is the i586?
h
in vi command mode, Move the cursor one space to the left.
l
in vi command mode, Move the cursor one space to the right
k
in vi command mode, Move the cursor up a line.
dd
in vi command mode, cut an entire line from a file.
2 though 5
the entry 3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3 exists in the /etc/inittab file for the virtual terminal number 3. At which runlevels is this virtual terminal available for access?
/dev/sdc1
the full device file name for the first partition on the hard drive with the third lowest ID number.
/dev/sda2
the full device file name for the second partition on the hard drive with the lowest ID number?
xargs
which command overcomes the 128 KB shell command size restriction by breaking up long lists of arguments?
-P
which dpkg option completely removes a package and its configuration files?
alias sysmesg="tail -f /var/log/messages"
which of the following commands will create a shortcut to the tail -f /var/log/messages command?
list updates
which yum option displays whether updates are available for RPM packages?
-rw-r---- 1 george acctg 26256 June 1 04:16 yearend.xls
you have a critical file called yearend.xls. You want to set the permissions so that only the owner of the file can modify it and only group owners can read it. Which permission listed below will accomplish that?
upstart
As a Linux administrator for a cloud server, you need to ensure that sudden changes to system storage are taken into account by the server during initialization. Which of the following would you choose to run as PID 1 for your server?
soft links
As a Linux system administrator for human resources, you want to allow several users to run a timesheet application. However, the vendor keeps changing the application, and the application goes through monthly upgrades. The users of your Linux system use different filesystems. What would you use to allow them to use this application?
dmesg
As a Linux system administrator, you need to be able to check boot events in log files. Which of the following commands will help you do this?
find / -name "*2004" | xargs rm rm `find / -name "*2004"`
As part of routine maintenance, you need to delete all the files that end in the 2004 text string from your Linux computer. Which commands will delete these files? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
/tmp /home /var
As the administrator of a new Linux server, you need to design the hard disk layout for the server machine. Which of the following needs to be on a separate partition?
root
As which user is it bad practice for Linux administrators to regularly login as to do non-administrative tasks?
wc /home/gshant/servepath
At the command prompt, how would you enter a command that will print the line count, word count, and byte count respectively in the /home/gshant/servepath file?
testprog 2>> errors_til_now.txt
A Linux administrator wants to store all the error messages that are encountered when running the testprog program in an existing file named errors_til_now.txt. You want to error messages to be added to the current contents of the file. Which command should the administrator use to accomplish this?
killall
After a serve lighting strike nearby, a number of processes seem to be running on the server in runaway mode. Which utility terminates these processes by name, and not just by process ID number?
~/.bash_profile
After a user starts a BASH session and the scripts in /etc/profile are applied, what is the next file that could affect the shell session?
Only the link file remains accessible.
After creating a hard link to a file, the original file is removed from the filesystem. Which of the following is true?
Create file systems on the volumes and mount them.
After creating logical volumes with LVM, what are the next steps you need to do?
quotaon /home
After creating the aquota.user and aquota.group files in the /home directory, what command do you enter to enable quoatas for the /home directory.
systemctl start cups.service
After getting calls about users not being able to print, you check that status of the cups.service and find that it is not running, What would you enter at the command prompt to get the cups.service running?
systemctl restart anaconda.service
After making changes to the configuration of the anaconda.service, you much make those changes take effect. Which single command do you enter to make this service use the new configuration?
:
After opening a file in vi, you want to switch from command mode to command line mode. What key should you enter?
Change to the /etc/rd.d/init.d/ directory and type ./atd start Use the service atd start command
After reviewing the running deamons on your system, you notice the atd daemon is not running in the current runlevel. You need to get the atd daemon running. What should you do?
-rwxr-xr-x
An example Hard Link
lrwxrwxrwx
An example Symbolic Link
--checksig
Before you install an RPM package, you want to verify the authenticity of the package and check the digital signature to ensure it has not been altered. Which rpm option should you use?
/udev
Dynamically creates device files in a virtual file system as devices are added and removed.
The BIOS boot order is incorrect.
Emily wants to configure a dual bootable system on a machine previously installed with Windows 8. Emily inserts the Linux bootable CD-ROM to install Linux, but the system boots to Windows 8. What is the possible cause of this error?
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sda1
Execute the command to create the ext3 filesystem on the /dev/sda1 partition.
ln -s order.txt order1.txt
Execute the command to create the symbolic link for order.txt as order1.txt.
lsmod
Execute the command to list all loaded kernel modules.
ps -j
Execute the command to print the process group ID and session ID
lspci -t
Execute the command to see how PCI devices are connected to the PCI bus in your system in a tree structure.
telinit 5
Execute the command to switch init to the 5th runlevel.
sysfs
Exports information about hotplug devices so that other utilities can access the information
Runlevel 2
Graphical, Multi-user Mode
Runlevel 0
Halt State
Dynamic Library
Has a .so or .so.version extension Is typically stored in /usr/lib/ and /usr/local/lib Can degrade program load time if the library is already in use by another program.
Type the slash key (/) followed by the text you want to find while in command mode.
How can you search for text in vi?
The grep command uses basic regular expressions by default, whereas egrep uses extended regular expressions by default.
How do grep and egrep differ?
6
How many fields are present in each line of the /etc/fstab file?
alien -i packagename
Mark works as a network administrator for Perfect Solutions Inc. He wants to install a non-Debian package on the Debian system. Therefore, he has to run a command to convert a non-Debian package into a Debian format. Which of the following commands should Mark use to accomplish the task?
/home /var
Most Linux distributions will propose to create the root (/) and swap partitions by default. To prevent user files and system log files from filling up the / partition, which 2 additional partitions are you most strongly recommended to create?
/var/log/boot.msg /var/log/boot.log
On a SysV init system, which file would you check to see system startup error messages?
hald
Provides all applications with data about current hardware
Runlevel 6
Reboot
set
The PAGER environment variable is configured, by default, to display man pages one page at a time. You want to change this variable so that the output is displayed all at once. Which command should you use?
systemctl set-default graphical.target
The current default boot target is multi-user.target, but you want to use this system as a desktop workstation. You need to a boot target that supports multiple users, networking, and has a graphical display. This is a systemd system. What command should you enter to change the default boot target to one that meets these needs?
Command mode
The initial vim mode used when vim is started. It has commands that cut and replace text, and it is the mode vi uses to enter the other modes.
/etc/ld.so.conf
The ldconfig command searches the shared libraries in the _______ file.
updatedb
The locate command is unable to find the recent files. Which command will you execute to resolve the issue?
Edit mode
The mode that vim uses to write and edit text in a file.
Command line mode
The mode that works with the file system. Use it to save files after editing them.
lsmod
The output of a command is as follows: Module Size Used By Vfat 9674 1 vfat usb_storage 86620 1 xt_limit 1656 15
10_linux
The script that identifies kernels on the root device and creates menu entries
:wq
Which of the following commands in vi editor writes the changes to a file and then quits from the editor?
chown -R ebates projects
There is a directory called projects owned by the user cmarcela and the group rd. cmarcela has left the company. You need to give ownership of the projects directory, its files, and sub-directories to the user ebates, who is a member of the mgmt group. Which command should you use to change the user ownership?
lilo
Thomas, a Linux administrator, makes changes to the system's configuration file and then reboots the system. The changes made to the file are not reflected, and the system continues to load the old configuration. Thomas decides he needs to compile the new configuration. Which utility should he use?
killall -i vi
Users are complaining that a Linux server is responding very slowly today. You discover that there are several vi processes running on the server. You need to terminate all of these processes. However, you want to confirm each process before terminating, just to check which processes are terminating. Which command should you run?
All kernel hardware information
What information is displayed by dmesg?
-a
Which of the following quota options enable quota for all filesystems?
tar -vcf /dev/st0 /var/oracle
Yo have a SCSI tape drive st0. You want to backup the contents of /var/oracle. Which command will perform the backup?
alien
______ is a command used to convert all non-Debian packages into Debian format.
Release number
example: arcoread-8.1.3-51.6.i586.rpm what is the 51.6?
Action
n Linux, the /etc/inittab file describes the processes that are started up during boot up. Each entry in the /etc/inittab file is divided into four parts separated by colons (:). _________ is the third entry in the /etc/inittab file.
40_linux
the script file that allows menu entries to be modified
dpkg -p
what dpkg command would you enter at the command prompt to list information about a currently install Debian package?
0
what is the default nice value for a process not executed with the nice command?
cat /usr/wordlist1 /usr/wordlist2 | sort | tee sortedwordlist
which of the following commands displays the contents of wordlist1 and wordlist2 then sorts the combined contents, then sends the results to the monitor and a file named sortedwordlist?