LV-25

Which laboratory results indicate a therapeutic drug level? Refer to chart. Select all that apply.

1) Carbamazepine (tegretol) 10 mcg/mL 3) Gentamicin (Garamycin) 8 mcg/mL 5)Theophylline 10 mcg/mL

A client with a history of seizure disorder is having a routine serum phenytoin level drawn. The nurse who receives a telephone report of the results notes that the client's blood level of the medication is within the normal range if which value is reported?

15 mcg/mL

A client has been treated for dehydration and pneumonia. The nurse evaluates that the client has been successfully treated if the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is which value?

19 mg/dL

The nurse volunteering at the health screening clinic reinforces instructions to a 22-year-old client that diet and exercise should be used as tools to keep the total cholesterol level under at least which level?

200 mg/dL

The nurse is providing directions to a client about how to test a stool for occult blood. The nurse cautions that which could cause a false-negative result?

Ascorbic acid

The nurse reviews the client's laboratory results. Which abnormal findings should the nurse report? Select all that apply.

Calcium 8.2 mg/dL Potassium 6 mEq/L Magnesium 2.9 mg/dL Phosphorus 5.2 mg/dL

Which laboratory result would verify the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis?

Cloudy cerebrospinal fluid with high protein and low glucose levels.

A primary health care provider is caring for a client who is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and has delivered a newborn baby. The nurse anticipates which interventions should be employed for the newborn to decrease the risk of HIV. Select all that apply.

HIV testing of the newborn within 48 hours. Antiretroviral prophylaxis for newborns testing HIV positive. Periodic testing for HIV at set intervals until the age of 6 months.

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client scheduled for surgery. Which laboratory result should indicate to the nurse that the surgery might be postponed?

Hemoglobin, 8.4 g/dL

Which cardiovascular sign should the nurse expect to note in a client with a diagnosis of hypocalcemia?

Hypotension

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of suspected myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results performed on the client. Which documented laboratory result specifically indicates the presence of an MI?

Increased creatine kinase (CK-MB)

A licensed practical nurse (LPN) is assisting in the care of a client receiving a continuous intravenous (IV) infusion of heparin sodium for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The LPN notes that the result of a newly drawn activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) level is 90 seconds. The client's baseline before the initiation of therapy was 30 seconds. The LPN should take which action?

Notify the RN about the value immediately.

A client is receiving standard oral anticoagulant therapy with warfarin. The result of a newly drawn international normalized ratio is 3.8 seconds. The client needs to have an invasive procedure done on the next day. Which medication will likely be ordered to reverse the anticoagulant effect?

Phytonadione

The nurse is reading a client's urinalysis report. The nurse interprets which item found on the report to be considered abnormal? Select all that apply.

Positive protein Leukocyte esterase positive White blood cells, 10 per high power screen

An adult client has had serum electrolytes drawn. The nurse receiving the results by telephone from the laboratory should be most concerned with which result?

Potassium 5.4 mEq/L

The nurse is reading a computer printout of the results of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis performed on an adult client who underwent lumbar puncture. The nurse knows that a reported value of 0 is normal for which substance in CSF?

Red blood cells

A nurse about to give a daily dose of digoxin and notes that a serum digoxin level drawn earlier in the day measured 2.7 ng/mL. The nurse should take which actions? Select all that apply.

Report the finding to the registered nurse. Gather data from the client related to signs of toxicity.

The nurse is assisting in monitoring a client who may be started on parenteral nutrition (PN). The nurse reviews the client's laboratory results and determines that the client is at risk of severe malnutrition if the report indicates which critical level?

Serum albumin 2.8 g/dL

A CD4+ count has been prescribed for a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The mother asks the nurse about the purpose of the test and why the test needs to be done if it is already known that the child has HIV. The nurse should reinforce which information to the mother? Select all that apply.

The CD4+ count is used to determine the child's immune status. The CD4+ count is used to identify the risk for disease progression. The CD4+ count identifies the need for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis after 1 year of age. The CD4+ count is measured at ages 1 and 3 months, every 3 months until the age of 2 years, and at least every 6 months thereafter. More frequent monitoring of CD4+ counts is indicated when pneumonia prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy are administered.

The nurse is explaining to a client the reason a peak and trough has been prescribed because the client is receiving an antibiotic. Which reason for the blood levels should be included in the teaching plan?

To determine if the dose of the antibiotic is effective against the organism causing the infection.

A client is suspected of having a myocardial infarction. The nurse should expect elevations in which laboratory values to support the diagnosis? Select all that apply.

Troponin I Creatinine phosphokinase MB (CPK-MB)

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of gout. Which laboratory value should the nurse expect to note in the client?

Uric acid level of 8.4 mg/dL

A client is admitted to the hospital with a fever and extreme weakness. Which laboratory studies are likely to be elevated if the client is experiencing an infection? Select all that apply.

White blood cell count (WBC) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

A client is seen in the urgent care center for complaints of chest pain 2 days ago. Since that time, the client has not been feeling well and fatigues easily. The nurse reviews the results of the laboratory tests. An elevation of which laboratory test indicates a myocardial infarction occurred at the time of chest pain 2 days ago?

Troponin I

A client with diabetes mellitus has a glycosylated hemoglobin A (HbA1c) level of 8%. Which instruction does the nurse plan to reinforce to the client based on this test result?

Prevent hyperglycemia.