lymphatic system study guide
plasma cells produce
antibodies
which of the following is NOT a nonspecific defense mechanism
antibodies
once a B cell has been activated by a specific antigen (an antigen binds to an antigen receptor on the B cell membrane), it will divide, making many copies of itself. This process is known as.
clonal selection
which of the following is not the major group of lymph nodes?
cervical, axillary, inguinal
the thymus is larger in adults or children?
children
which type of antibody found in breast milk, saliva, and other body secretions?
lgA
which type of antibody is involved in causing immediate allergic reactions?
lgE
an immediate allergic response is caused by
lgE and mast cell releasing histamine
am immediate allergic response that occurs when an allergen enters the blood stream is called
lgE mediated response
which type of the antibody is the main one in circulation?
lgG
which type of antibody is the first one made by a new born and generally the first one to combat the infection?
lgM
which of the following has a connective tissue capsule that encloses the lymphatic tissue?
lymph nodes
normal occuring bacteria live in
mouth, intestine
what is meant by auto immune disease
A disease in which the body's immune system attacks healthy cells.
which of the following is NOT true of antibodies?
Antibodies are produced by B lymphocytes, not T lymphocytes
which of the following is is NOT an action of antibodies with antigens?
Antigen stimulates immune system to make Amati bodies
which of the following produce antibodies?
B cells
which of the following cells are found in lymph nodes?
B lymphocytes
what type of immune cell reaches maturity in the thymus?
T lymph
sspecific
The immune system is the third line of defense. It consists of mechanisms and agents that target specific antigens (Ags). An antigen is any molecule, usually a protein or polysaccharide, that can be identified as foreign (nonself) or self (such as MHC antigens described below).
T cells are responsible for what type of immunity?
cell mediated
which of the following is not the chemical barrier that helps prevents entry of microbes into the body tissue?
acids, lysosomes, mucus, lacrimal fluid, sebum etc
as a child, you received an MMR immunization against measles, mumps, and rubella what kind of immunity do u have?
active
in which case does the recipient start making antibodies to the specific disease? active/ passive
active
a vaccine contains
antigens
antibodies bind to?
antigens
portions of bacteria, viruses, molds, parasites, and cancer cells that cause specific responses from the immune system are called?
antigens
what autoimmune disease effects the joints?
arthiritus
a child is bitten by a rabid dog. he is given a series of injections to fight the rabies infection.
artificial passsive
what is the function of the lymphatic system
balances fluid, absorbs fat, defense
which of the following is NOT true of human MHC proteins?
binds w/ an antigen to make helper t
lymphoma
cancer of the lymphatic tissue
which of the following is NOT an opportunistic disease that is generally causes death for an aids patient?
cd4 count of 200
apoptosis is?
cell death
pus consists of
dead leukocytes (white blood cells) from the body's immune system in response to infection
complement function are
destroy foreign substances
what does bone marrow do
divides red and white blood cells
what is considered Active immunity?
exposed to the pathogen lively, antibodies are made in the body
interferon is a defense against
fever
interferon does what
fight viral diseases
HIV 1 infects what specific T cell?
helper T cell
which of the following is NOT true of a category A stage of an HIV infection?
helper T count is 50 per mm or greater
------- , released by damaged tissue and mast cells, causes capillaries to dilate and become more permeable.
histamine
antibody mediated immunity is also known as?
humoral
the ability of body to react to the antigens and remain free of disease?
immunity
which of the following is a form of nonspecific defense
include physical and chemical barriers, the inflammatory response, and interferons. Physical barriers include the intact skin and mucous membranes. These barriers are aided by various antimicrobial chemicals in tissue and fluids.
lymphadentis
inflammation of the lymph nodes
lymphagitis
inflammation of the walls of the lymphatic vessels
HIV 1 is transmitted by?
interaction w/ other who has it
special lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine
lacteal
lymphatic system vessel begins with what vessel
lymphatic capillaries
T cells and B cells are what type of cells?
lymphatic cells
which lymphatic structure enters the sub clavian vien
lymphatic ducts
the tonsils are composed of?
lymphatic nodules
the white pulp of spleen contains?
lymphocytes
an antigen presenting cell APC is what type of cell?
macrophage
what happens after a T cell has been activated for a specific antigen?
makes cytokines and clones
B cells are responsible for making
mediated immunity
during clonal selection, most B cells become plasma cells, but other will become.
memory cells
what type of cells allow for long term protection against antigen?
memory cells
what nonspecific cells kill virus infected cells and tumor cells by cell to cell contract
natural killer cells
a mother who had the measles as a child. has a baby. at the age of 1 month , the baby is exposed to measles but does not get sick. what kind of immunity.?
passive
as a child, you had the chicken pox. you are exposed to chicken pox several year years later, but you do not get them again. what kind of immunity do u have? active/ passive
passive
which molecule from a cytotoxic T cells create holes in plasma membrane of virus infected or cancer cells?
perforin
what specific process has been occuring if pus is present around the infected area?
phagocytosis
under the influence of cytokines from helper T cells, B cells enlarge and divide, forming what cell
plasma cell
what is make up of lymph?
protiens, salts, glucose and fats
a booster shot
raises the antibody tighter and is given after the inityal vaccine.
which of the following are the four cardinal signs of inflammation
redness, heat, swelling, pain
the right lymphatic duct drains what part of the body into the right subclavian vien?
right upper arm
lysosomes is found in
saliva. respiratory mucus. lacrimal fluid
which of the following is not the physical barrier that helps prevent entry of microbes into the body tissues?
skin, mucus, membranes are the physical barriers
peyers patches are lymphatic,modules found in the?
small intestine
acid secretion occurs in the
stomach surface
what occurs because of increased capillary permeability at the cite of inflammation?
swelling
edema
swelling due to the accumulation of fluid
cytotoxic T cells may attack (know all types of cells it attacks)
target cells virus-infected cells (e.g., HIV-infected CD4+ T cells); cells infected with intracellular bacterial or protozoal parasites; allografts such as transplanted kidney, heart, lungs, etc. cancer cells. (The tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, TIL, that have shown some promise in cancer therapy contain CTLs.)
what is passive immunity?
the antigen is already present in the body
which is not the secondary lymph organ?
thymus
which is the primary lymph organ?
thymus
cilia are located in the
upper respiratory tract
lymph vessels are similar to what cardiovascular vessels.
walves
the red pulp of spleen contains what type of cells?
worn out red blood cells
