MADM 431 leadership
11. Mary has managed the mailroom for 2 years. Management views Mary as a person with Special leadership talent such as intelligence sociability and determination. What approach is Management using in assessing Mary? A. trait approach B. attributions approach C. behavioral approach D. managerial grid approach
Ans: A
12. The common goals element of the definition of leadership means ______. A. leaders and followers have a mutual purpose B. leaders and followers have similar personalities C. leaders and followers have similar interests D. leaders and followers have a mutual desire for power
Ans: A
19. Simonet and Tett (2012) found that management is distinct from leadership by its focus on ______. A. extrinsic motivation B. intrinsic motivation C. strategic planning D. creative thinking
Ans: A
2. In the book's discussion of leadership power is described as ______. A. a relational concern for both leaders and followers B. use of force over others to manipulate them C. letting any follower do whatever he or she wants D. forcing people to engage in extreme behaviors
Ans: A
2. who conducted two major surveys of research on the trait approach? A. Stogdill B. Judge et al. C. Jung and Sosik D. Zaccaro
Ans: A
20. A student who practices the piano daily and tries new music despite the difficulty demonstrates which trait? A. determination B. sociability C. integrity D. self-awareness
Ans: A
20. Differences between management and leadership include ______. A. leaders are emotionally involved whereas managers have low emotional involvement B. managers shape ideas whereas leaders are reactive in solving problems C. leaders are unidirectional influencers whereas managers are multidirectional influencers D. leaders are controlling whereas managers are motivating
Ans: A
21. Who developed a model of emotionally intelligent leadership? A. Shankman and Allen B. Judge et al. C. Jung and Sosik D. Zaccaro
Ans: A
22. One key to emerging as a leader ______. A. is to be perceived by others as likable and knowledgeable B. is to be forceful in asserting your opinions C. is to avoid listening to opposing opinions D. is to be perceived by others as commanding and dominant
Ans: A
25. The emerging approach known as servant leadership ______. A. focuses on followers needs B. focuses on traits C. focuses on adapting to solve problems D. focuses on spirituality
Ans: A
26. Shankman and Allen's (2002) model of emotionally intelligent leadership suggests leaders must take into account these three fundamental facets of leadership: ______. A. context self and others B. referent power expert power and legitimate power C. desire for power desire to help others and desire to win D. determination integrity and sociability
Ans: A
27. Openness in the Big Five Personality Model is defined as ______ A. curious being informed creativity B. sociable assertive high energy C. organized dependable decisive D. accepting trusting nurturing
Ans: A
30. Leaders' power to provide pay raises and promotions is ______. A. reward B. coercive C. legitimate D. referent
Ans: A
31. Defining leadership as a process means ______. A. it is a transactional event between leader and followers B. it is restricted to certain people C. it is an inborn trait or characteristic D. it may only take place in formal groups
Ans: A
33. The primary functions of management are ______. A. planning organizing staffing and controlling B. forming storming norming and reforming C. building breaking down rebuilding and maintaining D. ruling listening adapting and adjusting
Ans: A
41. Often leadership occurs within a context where one individual influences a group of others to accomplish goals. Which best describes this component of leadership? A. Leadership occurs in groups. B. Leadership involves influence. C. Leadership includes organizations. D. Leadership includes attention to common goals.
Ans: A
49. Social competence in emotional intelligence includes ______. A. empathy B. self-regulation C. confidence D. motivation
Ans: A
49. The leader is at the core of group change and activity representing the backbone of the group or organization. Leadership is viewed as ______. A. focus of group processes B. personality perspective C. leadership as an act D. leadership as a behavior
Ans: A
51. Coercive leadership is not considered ideal leadership as defined in this text because ______. A. influence in leadership includes followers and leaders working toward a common goal B. process is a part of the definition in both coercion and leadership C. forcing and manipulative behaviors are legitimate leadership tactics D. coercive leadership involves both individual and common goals
Ans: A
52. More research has been conducted on this approach than any other. A. trait B. skills C. French and Raven's D. path-goal
Ans: A
57. The trait definition of leadership suggests ______. A. leadership occurs because of who the leader is B. interaction is the key to leadership success C. self-confidence is required for good leadership D. dominance is required for good leadership
Ans: A
59. The essential ingredient in leadership is ______. A. influence B. intelligence C. efficiency D. expertise
Ans: A
59. The vast majority of research on traits from early to modern day has found ______. A. leaders are different from non-leaders B. masculinity is a common theme C. dominance is a common theme D. leaders and followers appear much the same
Ans: A
62. One benefit in using trait information is that managers can ______. A. develop an understanding of who they are and how they affect others B. determine the IQ of subordinates C. consistently predict who deserves a promotion. D. deny applications to those low in neuroticism
Ans: A
65. Emotional intelligence can be defined as our ability to perceive and ______. A. use emotions to facilitate thinking B. hide our emotions until we leave the workplace C. manipulate emotions of others D. seek counseling services at work
Ans: A
65. Group theory relationships and leader effectiveness were three themes that dominated leadership research in which decade? A. 1950s B. 1970s C. 1980s D. 1990s
Ans: A
67. Completing the strengthsfinder assessment can help ______. A. identity themes of talent that can be developed into strengths B. find the right potential employees in your geographic region C. pinpoint weaknesses in organizational systems D. definitively determine which of your subordinates should receive a bonus
Ans: A
7. Chief executive officers of any company have ______. A. legitimate power B. referent power C. expert power D. personal power
Ans: A
71. Subeena met Derrick at a job fair and she just hired him as an entry-level employee. Before his first day of work Subeena asked Derrick to complete a personality assessment online. Subeena's company most likely used this type of approach to help ______. A. increase organizational effectiveness B. determine Derrick's IQ C. Subeena improve her communication skills D. avoid discrimination lawsuits
Ans: A
72. The origins of the study of leadership can be traced back to ______. A. ancient Greeks B. the American Revolution C. the early 20th century D. the 1960s
Ans: A
74. Theo's boss is often described as friendly cooperative diplomatic and sensitive. Theo would be most accurate in saying his boss is high in which major leadership trait? A. sociability B. intelligence C. conscientiousness D. drive
Ans: A
75. The group thinks that Dawn is influential even though Dawn has no formal position of authority. Dawn can be described as ______. A. an emergent leader B. a legitimate leader C. an assigned leader D. a coercive leader
Ans: A
9. In a major review in 1948 Stogdill suggested ______. A. no consistent set of traits differentiates leaders from non-leaders B. leadership traits are independent of situation factors C. extraversion is a definitive leadership trait D. a consistent set of traits differentiates leaders from nonleaders
Ans: A
Answer Location: Criticisms 46. Arif is the leader of a small group of human resources professionals. Two of the staff members Nina and Bohan disagree about the leadership traits that Arif displays in their work situation. This disagreement describes which of the main criticisms of the trait approach? A. high subjectivity B. century of research C. lack of leadership emergence D. usefulness in training and development
Ans: A
Answer Location: Strengths 41. Which of the following is not a strength of the trait approach? A. self-confidence is the trait most important to leadership B. it is appealing to identify special traits in leaders C. more than a century of research has been conducted on traits D. it provides a benchmark for what traits to look for in individuals
Ans: A
1. Kirkpatrick and Locke's research postulated that ______. A. three traits are the ingredients for leadership B. traits can be both inborn and learned C. leaders are no different from followers D. traits are unimportant to leadership
Ans: B
13. The statement "She/he is born to be a leader" suggests a ______. A. process definition of leadership B. trait definition of leadership C. gender bias definition of leadership D. coercive definition of leadership
Ans: B
14. The trait approach focuses on ______. A. follower-leader interaction B. role of the leader C. role of the follower D. role of the organization
Ans: B
15. A manager arrives an hour early to work every day and is always completing his task early as well as constantly striving for excellence within the organization. Which two traits best represent the manager? A. articulate and self-confident B. dependable and diligent C. trustworthy and perceptive D. self-confident and empathetic
Ans: B
15. Coercive leadership ______. A. is rewarding players who met their goals B. is forcing followers to engage in extreme behaviors C. is using the influence relationship to affect change D. is supporting ethical behavior amongst team members
Ans: B
17. Being socially aware possessing social acumen practicing self-monitoring and having the ability to decide on the best response for any given situation and then following through with said decision are part of Zaccaro's definition of ______. A. problem solving B. social intelligence C. task knowledge D. cognitive ability
Ans: B
18. The primary functions of leadership are ______. A. directing ruling encouraging B. aligning visioning inspiring C. building maintaining staffing D. budgeting controlling problem solving
Ans: B
23. Which of the following bases of power is considered personal power? A. information B. referent C. reward D. legitimate
Ans: B
29. ______ argued that leaders and managers are distinct; they are different types of people. A. Jago B. Zaleznik C. Kotter D. Bass
Ans: B
31. Who found a strong relationship between the Big Five traits and leadership? A. Stogdill B. Judge et al. C. Jung and Sosik D. Zaccaro
Ans: B
32. Which of the following is not one of the classifications for a definition of leadership? A. the focus of group process B. an artistic process C. a behavior D. a personality trait
Ans: B
36. Fisher associates all of the following positive communication behaviors with emergent leadership except ______. A. being verbally involved B. establishing roles C. seeking others' opinions D. initiating new ideas
Ans: B
4. The four key elements of the definition of leadership used in the text are ______. A. trait goal emergent expert B. process influence group goal C. values ethics process performance D. capability competency skill relationship
Ans: B
40. On the way to track practice you get pulled over for speeding. When you arrive to practice late the coach makes you run laps. This is an example of ______. A. legitimate power B. coercive power C. expert power D. personal power
Ans: B
48. As captain of the soccer team your primary concern is winning games and maintaining the strength of the team. Your players couldn't care less about teamwork and just want to win. Which component of leadership would you recommend the leader focus on? A. roles B. common goals C. process D. influence
Ans: B
5. In their discussion about management and leadership Bennis and Nanus said that leaders ______. A. "do things right" B. "do the right thing" C. "do what followers want" D. "do enough to get the job done"
Ans: B
53. When trying to identify who leaders are I am using the ______ approach. A. skills B. trait C. behavioral D. social judgment
Ans: B
53. Writing about and researching leadership is ______. A. declining in popularity B. a universally appealing topic C. simplistic rather than complex D. less popular in the business area than in social sciences
Ans: B
58. When contemporary leadership researchers analyze conversations between leaders and subordinates in a workplace they are using which approach in their studies? A. trait approach B. discursive approach C. do as the leader wishes approach D. authentic leader approach
Ans: B
6. People in the organization like me because I know what I am doing and share knowledge with followers. I have ______. A. position power B. personal power C. information power D. legitimate power
Ans: B
60. Arvid works at a new smoothie shop that has not yet made a profit. The boss tells Arvid and the other workers that whoever sells more than 30 smoothies during their daily shift will earn a bonus. Arvid's boss is primarily using what type of function? A. leadership by building teams and coalitions to inspire people B. management by developing an incentive program to solve a problem C. management by placing people in the appropriate jobs according to skill D. leadership by creating a vision to inspire change
Ans: B
61. A process view of leadership means that ______. A. people with special characteristics are the ones who can engage in the leadership process B. anyone can learn leadership and emerge as a leader C. capacity to lead others is an inborn trait D. leadership cannot truly be observed
Ans: B
62. Simonet and Tett studied the difference between leadership and management. Which of the following best reflects their findings? A. leadership and management are two totally distinct competencies B. leadership involves creative thinking and comfort with ambiguity C. managers cannot practice leadership D. leaders cannot practice management
Ans: B
63. The tendency to be thorough dependable organized and decisive describes which Big Five personality factor? A. openness B. conscientiousness C. low neuroticism D. self-confidence
Ans: B
64. Which of the following is among the five major leadership traits outlined in the text? A. extraversion B. sociability C. conscientiousness D. charisma
Ans: B
69. The dean of the college appointed you to chair the student advisory committee. In this case you are an ______. A. intrinsic leader B. assigned leader C. emergent leader D. expert leader
Ans: B
73. According to Kotter management is about seeking stability and leadership is about seeking ______. A. order B. change C. followers D. rewards
Ans: B
73. As a member of your club you feel assured that your attempts to influence fellow club members are generally right and appropriate and that you can make a difference. This best describes which of the major leadership traits outlined in the text? A. integrity B. self-confidence C. determination D. sociability
Ans: B
76. In the 1990s and early 2000s researchers began to investigate leadership traits associated with ______. A. goal achievement B. social intelligence C. values-based actions D. self-confidence
Ans: B
76. What kind of power is given to a leader by her/his followers? A. position power B. personal power C. legitimate power D. reward power
Ans: B
77. Hitler's reign is not considered a form of leadership because ______. A. leadership was not a true field of study before 1950 B. Hitler used coercion which runs counter to the idea of working with followers C. Hitler did not possess the traits that are universally associated with leaders D. leadership is about teams and organizations not communities and regions
Ans: B
78. Coercing someone means to influence them ______. A. to try something new B. against their will C. toward a common goal D. in a challenging situation
Ans: B
8. I can emerge as the leader in my group project by ______. A. telling all group members exactly what to do B. communicating and listening well with group members C. sitting at the head of the table D. being designated by the instructor as the group leader
Ans: B
8. Research related to the trait approach has ______. A. been a newer area of research B. been around for over 100 years C. not been a focus of researchers until recently D. consisted of very few known models and studies
Ans: B
80. Which of the following is most accurate about leaders and followers? A. followers need leaders but leaders do not need followers B. leaders have an ethical responsibility to followers C. leaders do not initiate relationships with followers D. followers are not part of the leadership equation
Ans: B
9. Kellerman argues that in the last 40 years there has been a shift in leadership power from ______. A. shared power to top down power B. leader dominated power to shared power with followers C. follower dominated power to shared power with leaders D. referent power focus to coercive power focus
Ans: B
Answer Location: Application 37. An organization requires you to fill out a personality assessment instrument as part of your application process for a specific position with the organization. What best explains why they would have you do this? A. to place you with others who share the same traits B. to determine whether you fit their needs for the particular position C. to examine your attention to detail D. to decide on an amount for your salary
Ans: B
Answer Location: Application 38. People want to be able to identify leaders as those who are leading the way in our society. This is an example of what strength of the approach? A. century of research B. intuitive appeal C. benchmarking traits D. definitive list of traits
Ans: B
Answer Location: Criticisms 48. I just had an argument with my supervisor about spending more than was budgeted on my project. I had strong emotions during the argument and now I am thinking about how to improve my mood at work. This thinking about my emotions is ______. A. in the affective domain of emotional intelligence B. in the cognitive domain of emotional intelligence C. affective judgment of my emotions D. is neither affective nor cognitive judgment of my emotions
Ans: B
Answer Location: Strengths 42. A major criticism of the trait approach is ______. A. its intuitive appeal B. there is no definitive list of leadership traits C. it highlights the leader component in the leadership process D. research on leadership traits is fairly new
Ans: B
1. ______ argued that the major activities of management and leadership are played out differently; but both are essential to an organization. A. Jago B. Zaleznik C. Kotter D. Bass
Ans: C
10. Which best describes the overall results of Stogdill's second survey when compared with his Initial survey? A. there was little to no difference in the findings B. situational factors became less of a focus C. it was more balanced in its descriptions of the role of traits and leadership D. personality played a larger role in leadership
Ans: C
16. During the 2008 United States presidential election Barack Obama demonstrated this trait extensively and brought public attention to its value as it relates to leadership. A. readiness B. capacity C. charisma D. drive
Ans: C
16. To coerce means to ______. A. influence others toward a common goal B. influence others to behave ethically C. influence others to do something against their will D. influence others using positive rewards
Ans: C
17. Non-leadership is ______. A. a relational interaction between a group of people toward common goals B. sharing goal development with followers C. leadership that is focused on individual goals D. leadership that is focused on working with followers to achieve common goals
Ans: C
22. Goleman suggests that emotional intelligence is a set of ______. A. ethical and emotional competencies B. social and perceptual competencies C. personal and social competencies D. cognitive and expressive competencies
Ans: C
23. The underlying premise of emotional intelligence's impact on leadership is ______. A. intelligence is the most essential part of leadership B. sensitivity to personal emotions is most important to positive leadership C. understanding one's own and others' emotions provides a base for impactful leadership D. emotional intelligence has minimal impact on effective leadership
Ans: C
25. Emotional intelligence has to do with two different domains and the interplay between them. Those two domains are ______. A. task and process B. mind and body C. affective and cognitive D. traits and styles
Ans: C
26. Which way of classifying leadership involves capabilities to make leadership possible? A. group process B. personality C. skills D. power
Ans: C
28. Although there are clear differences between management and leadership ______. A. there is little research to support one or the other B. leadership is more valued than management C. the two constructs overlap D. management is more valued than leadership
Ans: C
28. The Big Five personality factor that is weakly associated with leadership is ______. A. conscientiousness B. neuroticism C. agreeableness D. sociability
Ans: C
3. The "natural leader" trait definition of leadership ______. A. is about the interaction between leaders and followers B. can be learned C. is restricted to those with inborn talent qualities or characteristics D. is about developing leadership skills
Ans: C
3. Who found several consistent traits among charismatic leaders? A. Stogdill B. Judge et al. C. Jung and Sosik D. Shankman and Allen
Ans: C
34. The trait approach is ______. A. no longer a viable leadership approach B. primarily a focus of outdated research C. still a focus of contemporary leadership research D. irrelevant in modern society
Ans: C
38. Leadership is a phenomenon that takes place in the context of the interaction between leaders and followers. This viewpoint would suggest leadership is accessible by all ______. A. reward B. referent C. process D. trait
Ans: C
43. Kotter suggested that management produces ______ and ______. A. change and structure B. vision and order C. order and consistency D. change and movement
Ans: C
44. You are trying to explain to your friend the difference between managers and leaders. You would be most accurate in saying ______. A. leaders and managers cannot coexist in an organization B. leaders make more money than managers C. managers maintain order and leaders seek change D. managers have more referent power than leaders
Ans: C
47. Your parents and older siblings are all successful elected officials. After graduation it is suggested by many that you should seek office and in turn they offer you their support. Which best describes the leadership approach being demonstrated by your supporters? A. behavioral approach to leadership B. leadership as a process C. trait perspective D. expert power
Ans: C
5. ______ is described as those abilities to understand one's own and others feelings behaviors and thoughts and to act appropriately. A. Great Man theory B. Social intelligence C. Emotional intelligence D. Big Five personalities
Ans: C
50. Goleman suggests that emotional intelligence ______. A. is not as important to leadership as IQ B. is less important for meeting life's challenges than traits C. plays a major role in a person's success D. plays a major role at only the top management levels
Ans: C
50. Jeffrey is the chief financial officer of an established marketing firm. He recently learned that the company is going to try to merge with a new firm. He shares this potential merger with only a few of his mid-level managers he trusts. Jeffrey has ______. A. information and referent power B. reward and referent power C. information and legitimate power D. personal and information power
Ans: C
51. Applying the trait approach to 21st century leadership ______. A. lacks credibility B. helps us understand behaviors of leaders C. informs that leader's traits are a part of leadership process D. tells us which traits are important in which contexts
Ans: C
52. My boss really does not understand the technical aspects of the job my group is trying to complete. I understand the intricacies of the project and my team members come to me with all of their questions. What has happened in this work setting? A. I have taken control and power of the group. B. I have undermined my boss. C. I have emerged as the team leader. D. My boss is no longer a leader.
Ans: C
55. Which of the following is a strength of the trait approach? A. it includes behaviors as a central component B. it is used in many leadership training and development programs C. it helps followers fulfill their need to see their leaders as gifted and special D. it has a definitive set of traits that researchers agree upon
Ans: C
56. The five traits that have been found to be the set of traits leaders must have to be considered leaders are ______. A. intelligence sociability self-confidence integrity determination B. self-confidence social judgment integrity determination extraversion C. there is not a set of traits that all leaders must have D. there is a set of leader traits that all leaders must have just not those listed above
Ans: C
56. Which of the following is a planning and budgeting management function? A. create a vision B. build teams and coalitions C. setting timetables D. aligning people
Ans: C
6. Persistence dominance and drive are characteristics of which trait? A. extraversion B. sociability C. determination D. intelligence
Ans: C
60. Zaccaro et al. in 2004 analyzed several studies about ______. A. masculinity and leadership B. self-confidence and leadership C. intelligence and leadership D. sociability and leadership
Ans: C
64. In the first few decades of the 20th century leadership definitions centered on the notion of ______. A. relationships B. process C. domination D. personality
Ans: C
66. Social competence in emotional intelligence includes ______. A. self awareness B. determination C. conflict management D. self confidence
Ans: C
67. After studying leadership for more than 100 years scholars can agree on this one thing: ______. A. a universal set of traits determines who can practice leadership B. true leadership is found in people holding positions of authority C. there is still not a common definition of leadership for all contexts D. leadership can be reduced to a few simple skills
Ans: C
68. Yolanda is writing a paper about the traits that made Martin Luther King a great leader. Yolanda is using which theory to underpin her paper? A. authentic leadership B. team development C. great man theory D. culture and leadership
Ans: C
70. According to Hogg's research on leadership and social identity theory a person is most likely to emerge as a leader in a group when she/he ______. A. stands out as being uniquely different from the rest of the group B. can correctly identify the social status of each group member C. is recognized as being most similar to the group prototype D. is the most socially networked person in the group
Ans: C
71. Which type of power have people used in recent years to level the playing field among leaders and followers? A. coercive B. reward C. information D. legitimate
Ans: C
72. The MSCEIT measures ______. A. potential for success in IT jobs B. competence in problem solving C. emotional intelligence D. the top six leader factors
Ans: C
74. At work you are on a team of people searching for a new CEO. Everyone agrees the new CEO needs to have excellent leadership skills so your team starts writing the job description. Which phrase would you use in the job description to reflect your search for a leader? A. looking for candidates skilled in safety and quality control B. seeking a dispassionate problem solver C. searching for a change agent and creative thinker D. hiring an experienced policy administrator
Ans: C
75. In a study by Judge et. al. the Big Five factor most strongly associated with leadership was ______ and the factor most weakly associated with leadership was ______. A. openness agreeableness B. conscientiousness neuroticism C. extraversion agreeableness D. openness extraversion
Ans: C
78. An overview of the trait approach over the past 100 years can best be described as ______. A. peaking in the 1950s and then largely abandoned since B. initially focusing on follower traits then moving toward leadership outcomes C. beginning with emphasis on great persons then shifting to include situation now back to traits D. the most widely agreed upon approach for determining who can be a leader
Ans: C
79. Your coach thinks Daniel should be the team leader because Daniel is strong confident and intelligent. The coach is using which viewpoint of leadership? A. process B. management C. trait D. power
Ans: C
Answer Location: Criticisms 44. Individuals displaying the five major leadership traits outlined in the text ______. A. are leaders in their workplace B. are beloved by their followers C. may be leaders in their workplace D. also display dominance in their workplace
Ans: C
Answer Location: Strengths 39. Benchmarking what to look for if you want to be a leader is about ______. A. trying to develop specifically the five major traits in the text B. giving a boss a specific set of traits to look for in potential new hires C. helping individuals see their own traits and decide if these are leadership traits D. specifically determining traits for a particular job promotion
Ans: C
10. Information power is ______. A. based on followers liking of their leader B. derived from having the ability to provide rewards C. focused on the social contract between leaders and followers D. derived from possessing knowledge that others want or need
Ans: D
11.Who is responsible for the leadership process? A. followers B. leaders C. organizations D. followers and leaders
Ans: D
12. Stogdill's second study found ______. A. no significant differences in traits from 1948 to 1974 B. situational factors could not be identified C. emotional intelligence plays a significant role in leadership D. both traits and situational factors are determinants of leadership
Ans: D
13. Which of the following traits are associated with charismatic leadership? A. intelligence self-confidence B. physical attractiveness height C. desire for power desire to help others D. self-monitoring impression management
Ans: D
14. Social identity theory would suggest leadership emergence occurs when ______. A. the group identifies with the leader B. an individual acquires the skills to do the job well C. the group assigns an individual the role of leader D. an individual becomes most like the group prototype
Ans: D
18. By comparing Stogdill's findings from his 1948 survey with the findings of his updated 1974 survey which of the following was suggested? A. leadership research has progressed little B. that risk taking and originality no longer play a role in problem solving C. that situational factors no longer play a large role within leadership D. that both personality and situational factors were predictors of leadership
Ans: D
19. Founder and former CEO of Apple Steve Jobs best demonstrated which trait? A. openness B. integrity C. sociability D. intelligence
Ans: D
21. The primary functions of management are ______. A. producing change and movement B. producing positive leadership outcomes C. producing a creative vision D. producing order and consistency
Ans: D
24. Scholarly research and popular work on the nature of leadership exploded in this decade. A. 1950s B. 1960s C. 1970s D. 1980s
Ans: D
24. The cognitive domain in emotional intelligence describes ______. A. confidence B. feeling C. competency D. thinking
Ans: D
27. The process definition of leadership implies ______. A. leadership is linear B. leadership is one-way top-down C. leadership is leader centered D. leadership is reciprocal between leaders and followers
Ans: D
29. Which of the Big Five personality factors means the tendency to be anxious vulnerable or depressed? A. extraversion B. determination C. conscientiousness D. neuroticism
Ans: D
30. Of the Big Five personality factors which is the most strongly associated with leadership? A. openness B. neuroticism C. social status D. extraversion
Ans: D
32. The Big Five consists of all of the following factors except ______. A. openness B. neuroticism C. conscientiousness D. dominance
Ans: D
33. The trait approach is concerned with ______. A. leadership situations B. leadership skills C. follower attributes D. leader characteristics
Ans: D
34. Some positive communication behaviors that account for successful leader emergence are ______. A. sense of humor facial expressiveness B. being dominant speaking frequently C. differentiating oneself from the group challenging group norms D. being informed initiating new ideas
Ans: D
35. A major strength of the trait approach is ______. A. there is a set list of traits that identify leadership B. it is easy to identify the best traits for leadership C. it can be used for leader training and development D. it highlights the leader component of the leadership process
Ans: D
35. Leadership definitions have evolved during the 20th century in the following way: ______. A. the trait approach remains the most popular approach over time B. a leader's power remains a key requirement for goal accomplishment C. focus on leadership effectiveness became prominent in the 1970s D. leadership research peaked in the 1980s
Ans: D
37. You are told you need to work weekends. Your supervisor gives you a pay raise in return. What type of power is your supervisor using? A. referent B. expert C. legitimate D. reward
Ans: D
39. You really enjoy working for your boss and look up to her or him as a role model. You are more than willing to work hard for the organization because of your relationship with your boss. This is an example of ______. A. legitimate power B. coercive power C. position power D. personal power
Ans: D
4. Who conducted studies of social intelligence and its relationship to leadership? A. Stogdill B. Judge et al. C. Jung and Sosik D. Zaccaro
Ans: D
42. Watson and Hoffman's study on leadership emergence with regard to gender-biased perceptions would suggest ______. A. influential women were rated the same as men in terms of leadership B. women are much more likeable than men C. emergence in leadership has little to do with gender bias D. there continue to be barriers to women's emergence as leaders in some settings
Ans: D
45. In which way will leadership and power be approached in upcoming chapters? A. as a form of coercion B. as positional power C. from the perspective of the follower D. as a relational concern for both leaders and followers
Ans: D
46. Understanding the nature of leadership has proved to be quite the challenge for practitioners and researchers because ______. A. its appeal is limited to academics and scholars B. very little research has been done C. it has not received much attention D. it is a highly valued phenomenon that is very complex
Ans: D
54. Leadership and management ______. A. are completely separate entities B. occur only in large corporations C. occur only in small organizations D. are both needed in organizations
Ans: D
54. The 100 or more years of research on traits was completed originally to ______. A. distinguish between traits and behaviors B. define the five major traits associated with leadership C. distinguish between traits and skills D. determine a universal set of traits associated with leadership
Ans: D
55. The faculty member on your study abroad trip to Costa Rica has traveled there many times and is quite knowledgeable about the country and places you visited. She gave you guidance about the country local culture and safety issues while you were interning with the local farmers. The faculty member was using ______. A. referent power B. positional power C. coercive power D. expert power
Ans: D
57. A leader who is assured and dominant in her manner is expressing ______. A. agreeableness B. openness C. integrity D. self-confidence
Ans: D
58. ______ is one of Northouse's five major leadership traits focused on a leader's inclination to seek out pleasant social relationships. A. Surgency B. Agreeableness C. Extraversion D. Sociability
Ans: D
61. Intelligence as a leader characteristic is found in which of the following approaches? A. behavioral and trait B. trait and situational C. skills and behavioral D. skills and trait
Ans: D
63. You and your co-workers are struggling to learn a new software program at work and you are on a tight deadline to get a report to a major client when your boss decides to step in. Which of the following uses of power by your boss would run counter to the common goals at work? A. sharing new guidelines he just received from the software engineers B. offering to take the team to dinner when the report is complete C. sitting with your team and troubleshooting the program alongside you D. announcing that anyone who is not proficient by Friday will be replaced
Ans: D
66. One of the most contemporary approaches to studying leadership is the focus on ______. A. traits B. transformation C. skills D. followership
Ans: D
68. Which part of the leadership definition offered in the textbook gives leadership its ethical tone? A. group B. process C. influence D. common goals
Ans: D
69. Research indicates that a leader's intellectual ability ______. A. is negatively correlated with leadership potential B. should outrank followers by a factor of 2 C. has not been given much attention in the trait approach D. should not differ too much from that of followers
Ans: D
7. ______ is one of the five major leadership traits that focuses on a leader's inclination to seek out pleasant social relationships. A. Agreeableness B. Extraversion C. Intelligence D. Sociability
Ans: D
70. The trait approach to leadership ______. A. determines the most important traits in a highly objective way B. has produced a definitive list of specific leader traits C. examines leadership outcomes of groups and teams D. has been used in research for the past 100 years
Ans: D
77. Leadership research using the trait approach is popular because it ______. A. helps all kinds of organizations train and develop employees B. does a good job of taking context into consideration C. is a fresh new approach to studying leadership D. fills our need to see leaders as gifted in some way
Ans: D
Answer Location: Criticisms 43. The trait approach ______. A. takes followers into account B. is highly objective C. is quite useful for training programs D. has not found one definitive list of leadership traits
Ans: D
Answer Location: Criticisms 45. Research over the past 100 years on leadership traits ______. A. has clear and unambiguous findings B. has produced a definitive list of traits C. has described leader traits that are common to all situations D. has failed to produce a definitive list of traits
Ans: D
Answer Location: Criticisms 47. The trait approach is criticized for its failure to take ______ into consideration. A. emotional intelligence B. personality C. differences in leaders D. situations
Ans: D
Answer Location: Strengths 36. Within an organization the trait approach can be applied to ______. A. low-level managers B. middle-level managers C. upper-level managers D. all levels of the organization
Ans: D
Answer Location: Strengths 40. A strength of the trait approach is reflected in the idea that ______. A. self-confidence is the trait most important to leadership B. there is a clear list of leader traits C. identifying traits is highly objective D. it is appealing to identify special traits in leaders
Ans: D
10. A major strength of the trait approach is that it is quite useful for training.
Ans: F
2. A strength of the trait approach is that it links specific leader traits to organizational outcomes.
Ans: F
4. According to Burns followers should remember that their leaders are above them and act accordingly.
Ans: F
4. The great person approach stresses that leaders' traits are learned.
Ans: F
6. The view that leadership is a behavior rather than a trait emerged in the 1930s.
Ans: F
8. In his early studies Stogdill found that leaders in one situation would almost always be leaders in another situation.
Ans: F
9. The process definition of leadership states that certain individuals have inborn qualities that differentiate them from non-leaders.
Ans: F
True/False 1. Openness is one of the five traits in the text that focuses on honesty and trustworthiness.
Ans: F
True/False 1. The research on leadership generally has found it to be a relatively simple process.
Ans: F
10. The governor of your state possesses French and Raven's legitimate power.
Ans: T
2. More than 60 different leadership classification systems have been developed.
Ans: T
3. Leadership occurs in both large and small groups.
Ans: T
3. The trait approach focuses primarily on the leader not on the followers or the situation.
Ans: T
5. The earliest leadership theories in the 20th century emphasized control and centralization of power.
Ans: T
5. The great person approach focuses on important political leaders.
Ans: T
6. The trait approach has a century of research to back it up.
Ans: T
7. A boss by definition has position power over subordinates.
Ans: T
7. The trait approach failed to identify a definitive set of specific leadership traits.
Ans: T
8. Leaders who use coercion are mostly interested in their own goals rather than those of subordinates.
Ans: T
9. Stogdill's later studies argued that personality and situational factors were both determinants of leadership.
Ans: T