Magoosh GRE 1000 Words

unstinting

Adjective: كريم جدا - adjective: very generous Helen is unstinting with her time, often spending hours at the house of a sick friend.

noisome

Adjective: كريه الرائحه - adjective: having an extremely bad smell Each August, when the winds moved in a south easterly direction, the garbage dump would spread noisome vapors through the small town.

malodorous

Adjective: كريه الرائحه - adjective: having an unpleasant smell Some thermally active fountains spew sulfur fumes--the air around them is sometimes so malodorous that many have to plug their noses.

lethargic

Adjective: كسول - adjective: lacking energy Nothing can make a person more lethargic than a big turkey dinner.

unimpeachable

Adjective: لا يرقي إليه الشك - adjective: free of guilt; not subject to blame; beyond doubt or reproach After his long and unimpeachable service to the company, Sharat felt that a gold watch was a slap in the face rather than an honor.

insufferable

Adjective: لا يطاق - adjective: intolerable, difficult to endure Chester always tried to find some area in which he excelled above others; unsurprisingly, his co-workers found him insufferable and chose to exclude him from daily luncheons out.

incontrovertible

Adjective: لا يقبل الجدل - adjective: necessarily or demonstrably true; impossible to deny or disprove Unless you can provide incontrovertible evidence, I will remain skeptical.

irrevocable

Adjective: لا يمكن التراجع عنه - adjective: incapable of being retracted or revoked Once you enter your plea to the court, it is irrevocable so think carefully about what you will say.

untenable

Adjective: لا يمكن الدفاع عنها - adjective: (of theories etc) incapable of being defended or justified With the combination of Kepler's brilliant theories and Galileo's telescopic observations, the old geocentric theory became untenable to most of the educated people in Europe

celerity

Noun: سرعه - noun: speed, rapidity We aim to respond to customers' questions with celerity and accuracy, with no longer than a 24 hour wait time.

melancholy

Noun: كآبه - noun: a deep, long-lasting sadness Hamlet is a figure of tremendous melancholy: he doesn't have a truly cheerful scene throughout the entire play.

underwrite

Verb: يمول - verb: to support financially The latest symphony broadcast was made possible with underwriting from the Carnegie Endowment.

discriminate

Verb: يميز - verb: recognize or perceive the difference Sarah couldn't discriminate between a good wine and a bad wine, so she avoided wine tastings.

dissemble

Verb: ينافق - يخفي مشاعره - verb: conceal one's true motives, usually through deceit To get close to the senator, the assassin dissembled his intentions, convincing many people that he was a reporter for a well-known newspaper.

decry

Verb: ينتقد بقسوه - يشجب - verb: express strong disapproval of The entire audience erupted in shouts and curses, decrying the penalty card issued by the referee.

start

Verb: ينخلع من مكانه - verb: to suddenly move in a particular direction All alone in the mansion, Henrietta started when she heard a sound.

appurtenant

adjective: supplying added support In hiking Mt. Everest, sherpas are appurtenant, helping climbers both carry gear and navigate treacherous paths.

imprudent

Adjective: أحمق - adjective: not wise Hitler, like Napoleon, made the imprudent move of invading Russia in winter, suffering even more casualties than Napoleon had.

maladroit

Adjective: أخرق - adjective: clumsy As a child she was quite maladroit, but as an adult, she has become an adept dancer.

cardinal

Adjective: أساسي - رئيسي - adjective: of primary importance; fundamental Most cultures consider gambling a cardinal sin and thus have outlawed its practice.

veritable

Adjective: حقيقي - adjective: truthfully, without a doubt Frank is a veritable life-saver -- last year, on two different occasions, he revived people using CPR.

archaic

Adjective: أثري - adjective: so old as to appear to belong to a different period Hoping to sound intelligent, Mary spoke in archaic English that was right out of Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice--needless to say, she didn't have many friends.

halcyon

Adjective: adjective: idyllically calm and peaceful; suggesting happy tranquillity; marked by peace and prosperity The first decade after WWI was a halcyon period in America with new-found wealth and rapidly improving technology.

pristine

Adjective: أصلي - غير مفسد - adjective: Unspoiled, untouched (usu. of nature) The glacial lake was pristine and we filled our canteens to drink deeply. adjective: Immaculately clean and unused Drill sergeants are known for demanding pristine cabinets, uniforms, and beds, and often make new recruits clean and clean and clean until they meet the expected high standards.

preemptive

Adjective: إستباقي - adjective: done before someone else can do it Just as Martha was about to take the only cookie left on the table, Noah preemptively swiped it

haphazard

Adjective: اتفاقي - تصادفي - بدون تنظيم - adjective: marked by great carelessness; dependent upon or characterized by chance Many golf courses are designed with great care, but the greens on the county golf course seem entirely haphazard.

indigenous

Adjective: السكان الاصليين - adjective: originating in a certain area The plants and animals indigenous to Australia are notably different from those indigenous to the U.S—one look at a duckbill platypus and you know you're not dealing with an opossum

vindictive

Adjective: انتقامي -

phlegmatic

Adjective: بارد المشاعر - adjective: showing little emotion Arnold is truly noble, remaining reserved until an issue of significance arises, but Walter is simply phlegmatic: he doesn't have the energy or inclination to care about anything.

exorbitant

Adjective: باهظ - مفرط - adjective: greatly exceeding bounds of reason or moderation Shelley made one exorbitant purchase after another, buying new clothes and taking vacations even though she earned a limited salary.

pugnacious

Adjective: بتاع مشاكل - adjective: eager to fight or argue; verbally combative The comedian told one flat joke after another, and when the audience started booing, he pugnaciously spat back at them, "Hey, you think this is easy - why don't you buffoons give it a shot?"

truculent

Adjective: بتاع مشاكل - عدواني - adjective: having a fierce, savage nature Standing in line for six hours, she became progressively truculent, yelling at DMV employees and elbowing other people waiting in line.

audacity

Adjective: بجاحه - جراءه - noun: aggressive boldness in social situations Mike was upset at the man who not only cut in front of him at the ticket counter but also had the audacity to cut in front of him at the bathroom line.

brazen

Adjective: بجح - وقح - Their large "donations" to the local police department gave the drug cartel the brazen confidence to do their business out in the open.

embryonic

Adjective: بدائي - غير ناضج - adjective: in an early stage of development The Board of Directors is hoping to launch a new product soon, but planning for the Z7 is in an embryonic stage.

perfunctory

Adjective: بدون اهتمام - باسلوب تقضيه واجب - adjective: done routinely and with little interest or care The short film examines modern perfunctory cleaning rituals such as washing dishes, doing laundry and tooth-brushing.

arrant

Adjective: بكل ما تحمله الكلمه من معني - adjective: complete and wholly (usually modifying a noun with negative connotation) An arrant fool, Lawrence surprised nobody when he lost all his money in a pyramid scheme that was every bit as transparent as it was corrupt.

unscrupulous

Adjective: بلا مباديء - adjective: without scruples or principles In the courtroom, the lawyer was unscrupulous, using every manner of deceit and manipulation to secure a victory for himself.

obtuse

Adjective: بليد - قليل الذكاء - adjective: slow to learn or understand; lacking intellectual acuity; lacking in insight or discernment Jackson was the most obtuse member of the team: the manager's subtle ironies were always lost on him.

convivial

Adjective: بهيج - adjective: describing a lively atmosphere The wedding reception was convivial; friends who hadn't seen each other for ages drank and ate together before heading to the dance floor.

peevish

Adjective: بيتضايق بسرعه - adjective: easily irritated or annoyed Our office manager is peevish, so the rest of us tip-toe around him, hoping not to set off another one of his fits.

moribund

Adjective: بيحتضر - adjective: being on the point of death; declining rapidly losing all momentum in progress Whether you like it or not, jazz as a genre is moribund at best, possibly already dead.

debonair

Adjective: تأثير - كاريزما - adjective: having a sophisticated charm James Bond is known for his good looks, high tech gadgets, and debonair manner.

picayune

Adjective: تافه - adjective: trifling or petty (a person) English teachers are notorious for being picayune; however, the English language is so nuanced and sophisticated that often such teachers are not being contrary but are only adhering to the rules.

reverent

Adjective: تبجيلي - adjective: feeling or showing profound respect or veneration The professor could speak objectively about the other composers, but he always lectured about Brahms with a particularly reverent air, unable to offer a single criticism of his compositions.

ostentatious

Adjective: تفاخري - adjective: intended to attract notice and impress others; tawdry or vulgar Matt wanted to buy stone lions for front of the house, but Cynthia convinced him that such a display would be too ostentatious for a modest house in an unassuming neighborhood.

histrionic

Adjective: تمثيلي - مسرحي - adjective: to be overly theatrical Though she received a B- on the test, she had such a histrionic outburst that one would have thought that she'd been handed a death sentence.

sardonic

Adjective: تهكمي - adjective: disdainfully or ironically humorous; scornful and mocking A stand-up comedian walks a fine line when making jokes about members of the audience; such fun and joking can quickly become sardonic and cutting.

steadfast

Adjective: ثابت - راسخ - adjective: marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable A good captain needs to be steadfast, continuing to hold the wheel and stay the course even during the most violent storm.

unflappable

Adjective: ثابت الجنان - adjective: not easily perturbed or excited or upset; marked by extreme calm and composure The house shook and the ground quaked, but my dad was unflappable and comforted the family

perspicacious

Adjective: ثاقب الفكر - حاد الذهن - adjective: acutely insightful and wise Many modern observers regard Eisenhower as perspicacious, particularly in his accurate prediction of the growth of the military.

affluent

Adjective: ثري - adjective: wealthy The center of the city had sadly become a pit of penury, while, only five miles away, multi-million dollar homes spoke of affluence.

ponderous

Adjective: ثقيل الوزن - adjective: weighed-down; moving slowly Laden with 20 kilograms of college text books, the freshman moved ponderously across the campus.

cumbersome

Adjective: ثقيل بسبب حجمه الكبير - adjective: difficult to handle or use especially because of size or weight Only ten years ago, being an avid reader and a traveler meant carrying a cumbersome backpack stuffed with books--these days we need only an e-reader.

dessicated

Adjective: جاف - adjective: uninteresting, lacking vitality Few novelists over 80 are able to produce anything more than desiccated works--boring shadows of former books.

benighted

Adjective: جاهل - adjective: fallen into a state of ignorance Far from being a period of utter benightedness, The Medieval Ages produced some great works of theological speculation.

timorous

Adjective: جبان - adjective: timid by nature or revealing fear and nervousness Since this was her first time debating on stage and before an audience, Di's voice was timorous and quiet for the first 10 minutes.

craven

Adjective: جبان رعديد - adjective: pathetically cowardly Though the man could have at least alerted the police, he crouched cravenly in the corner as the old woman was mugged.

commendable

Adjective: جدير بالإطراء - adjective: worthy of high praise The efforts of the firefighters running into the burning building were commendable.

estimable

Adjective: جدير بالاحترام والتقدير - adjective: deserving of esteem and respect After serving thirty years, in which he selflessly served the community, Judge Harper was one of the more estimable people in town.

creditable

Adjective: جدير بالتصديق - adjective: deserving of praise but not that amazing Critics agreed the movie was creditable, but few gave it more than three out of five stars.

laudable

Adjective: جدير بالثناء - adjective: worthy of high praise To say that Gandhi's actions were laudable is the greatest understatement; he overthrew an empire without violence.

intrepid

Adjective: جسور - مقدام - adjective: fearless Captain Ahab was an intrepid captain whose reckless and fearless style ultimately lead to his downfall.

ravenous

Adjective: جعان جدا - adjective: extremely hungry; devouring or craving food in great quantities John didn't eat much at all during the week he had the flu, so now that he is regaining his health, it's not surprising that he has a ravenous appetite.

macabre

Adjective: جنائزي - مأتمي - adjective: suggesting the horror of death and decay; gruesome Edgar Allen Poe was considered the master of the macabre; his stories vividly describe the moment leading up to—and often those moments after—a grisly death.

fledgling

Adjective: جونيور - لسه جديد - adjective: young and inexperienced noun: any new participant in some activity Murray has years of experience in family practice, but he is just a fledgling in surgery.

maudlin

Adjective: جياش العاطفه - بكاء - حساس - adjective: overly emotional and sad Just as those who were alive during the 70's are mortified that they once cavorted about in bellbottoms, many who lived during the 80's are now aghast at the maudlin pop songs they used to enjoy—really, just what exactly is a total eclipse of the heart?

malevolent

Adjective: حاقد - adjective: wishing or appearing to wish evil to others; arising from intense ill will or hatred Villains are known for their malevolent nature, oftentimes inflicting cruelty on others just for enjoyment.

ineluctable

Adjective: حتمي - adjective: impossible to avoid or evade: For those who smoke cigarettes for years, a major health crisis brought on by smoking is ineluctable.

genial

Adjective: حد ترتاحله - adjective: agreeable, conducive to comfort Betty is a genial young woman: everyone she meets is put at ease by her elegance and grace.

chary

Adjective: حذر - محترس - adjective: cautious, suspiciously reluctant to do something Having received three speeding tickets in the last two months, Jack was chary of driving at all above the speed limit, even on a straight stretch of highway that looked empty for miles ahead.

lugubrious

Adjective: حزايني - adjective: excessively mournful At the funeral, lugubrious songs filled the small church.

dolorous

Adjective: حزين - adjective: showing sorrow Chopin's ballades are filled with sharp changes in moods--a dolorous melody can give way to a lighthearted tempo.

lachrymose

Adjective: حزين - adjective: showing sorrow Lachrymose and depressed, Alexei Alexandrovich walked two miles home in the rain after learning that his wife was having an affair.

impregnable

Adjective: حصين - adjective: immune to attack; incapable of being tampered with As a child, Amy would build pillow castles and pretend they were impregnable fortresses.

uncanny

Adjective: خارق للطبيعه - adjective: suggesting the operation of supernatural influences; surpassing the ordinary or normal Reggie has an uncanny ability to connect with animals: feral cats will readily approach him, and sometimes even wild birds will land on his finger.

pernicious

Adjective: خبيث - مميت - adjective: exceedingly harmful; working or spreading in a hidden and injurious way The most successful viruses are pernicious: an infected person may feel perfectly healthy for several months while incubating and spreading the virus.

retiring

Adjective: خجول - منسحب اجتماعيا - adjective: to be shy, and to be inclined to retract from company Nelson was always the first to leave soirees—rather than mill about with "fashionable" folk, he was retiring, and preferred the solitude of his garret.

obliging

Adjective: خدوم - adjective: showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others Even after all his success, I found him to be accommodating and obliging, sharing with me his "secret tips" on how to gain wealth and make friends.

dilapidated

Adjective: خربان - مدمر - adjective: in terrible condition The main house has been restored but the gazebo is still dilapidated and unusable.

ignoble

Adjective: خسيس - حقير - adjective: dishonorable In 1919, the World Series was rigged--an ignoble act which baseball took decades to recover from.

base

Adjective: خسيس - حقير - adjective: the lowest, without any moral principles She was not so base as to begrudge the beggar the unwanted crumbs from her dinner plate.

rakish

Adjective: خليع - فاسق - adjective: marked by a carefree unconventionality or disreputableness As soon as he arrived in the city, the rakish young man bought some drugs and headed straight for the seedy parts of town.

assiduous

Adjective: دؤوب - مجتهد - مواظب - The top college football program recruits new talent assiduously, only choosing those who were the top in their county.

cerebral

Adjective: دماغي - مخي - adjective: involving intelligence rather than emotions or instinct A cerebral analysis of most pop music finds it to be simple and childish, but that ignores the point--the music's effect on the listener.

affable

Adjective: دمث - adjective: likeable; easy to talk to For all his surface affability, Marco was remarkably glum when he wasn't around other people

sordid

Adjective: دنيء - قذر - adjective: involving ignoble actions and motives; arousing moral distaste and contempt; foul and run-down and repulsive The nightly news simply announced that the senator had had an affair, but the tabloid published all the sordid details of the interaction.

obsequious

Adjective: دنيء - متذلل - مجامل بإفراط - adjective: attentive in an ingratiating or servile manner; attempting to win favor from influential people by flattery The obsequious waiter did not give the couple a moment's peace all through the meal, constantly returning to their table to refill their water glasses and to tell them what a handsome pair they made.

mundane

Adjective: دنيوي - ممل - - adjective: repetitive and boring; not spiritual Nancy found doing dishes a thorougly mundane task, although Peter found a kind of Zen pleasure in the chore. adjective: relating to the ordinary world Though we think of the pope as someone always dealing in holy matters, he is also concerned with mundane events, such as deciding when to set his alarm each morning.

limpid

Adjective: رائق - واضح جدا - adjective: having clarity in terms of expression Her limpid prose made even the most recondite subjects accessible to all.

nonchalant

Adjective: رابط الجأش - غير مكترث - adjective: coming across as uninterested or unconcerned; overly casual The twenty-somethings at the coffee shop always irked Sheldon, especially the way in which they acted nonchalantly towards everything, not even caring when Sheldon once spilled his mocha on them.

complacent

Adjective: راض عن نفسه - معجب بنفسه - adjective: contented to a fault with oneself or one's actions After the water polo team won their sixth championship, they became complacent and didn't even make it to the playoffs the next year.

humdrum

Adjective: رتيب - ممل - adjective: dull and lacking excitement Having grown up in a humdrum suburb, Jacob relished life in New York City after moving.

elegiac

Adjective: رثائي - adjective: expressing sorrow Few can listen to the elegiac opening bars of the Moonlight sonata without feeling the urge to cry.

garrulous

Adjective: رغاي - ثرثار - adjective: full of trivial conversation Lynne was garrulous: once, she had a fifteen minute conversation with a stranger before she realized the woman didn't speak English.

pedesterian

Adjective: ركيك - تقليدي - مبتذل - adjective: lacking imagination While Nan was always engaged in philosophical speculation, her brother was occupied with far more pedestrian concerns: how to earn a salary and run a household.

prosaic

Adjective: ركيك - مفتقر للخيال - adjective: dull and lacking imagination Unlike the talented artists in his workshop, Paul had no such bent for the visual medium, so when it was time for him to make a stained glass painting, he ended up with a prosaic mosaic.

redoubtable

Adjective: رهيب - adjective: inspiring fear or awe On television basketball players don't look that tall, but when you stand in front of a seven-foot tall NBA player, he is truly redoubtable.

pastoral

Adjective: ريفي - adjective: relating to the countryside in a pleasant sense Those who imagine America's countryside as a pastoral region are often disappointed to learn that much of rural U.S. is filled with cornfields extending as far as the eye can see.

fecund

Adjective: كثير الانتاج - adjective: intellectually productive The artist had entered a fecund period, producing three masterpieces in the span of two months

slapdash

Adjective: زي ما تيجي - كيفما اتفق - adjective: carelessly and hastily put together The office building had been constructed in a slapdash manner, so it did not surprise officials when, during a small earthquake, a large crack emerged on the façade of the building.

winsome

Adjective: ساحر - فاتن - مبهج - adjective: charming in a childlike or naive way She was winsome by nature, and many people were drawn to this free and playful spirit.

derisive

Adjective: ساخر - adjective: abusing vocally; expressing contempt or ridicule I was surprised by her derisive tone; usually, she is sweet, soft spoken, and congenial

largess

Adjective: سخاء - noun: extreme generosity and giving Uncle Frank was known for his largess, so his nephew was sad when he did not receive a present for his birthday.

munificent

Adjective: سخي - adjective: very generous Uncle Charley was known for his munificence, giving all seven of his nephews lavish Christmas presents each year.

perennial

Adjective: سرمدي - خالد - adjective: lasting an indefinitely long time; eternal; everlasting Even at the old-timers games, Stan Musial would get the loudest cheer: he was a perennial favorite of the fans there.

surreptitious

Adjective: سري - خفي - adjective: stealthy, taking pains not to be caught or detected Since his mom was a light sleeper, Timmy had to tiptoe surreptitiously through the entire house, careful to not make the floors creak, until he at last was able to enjoy his plunder: a box of chocolate chip cookies.

facile

Adjective: سطحي - adjective: arrived at without due care or effort; lacking depth Many news shows provide facile explanations to complex politics, so I prefer to read the in-depth reporting of The New York Times.

abysmal

Adjective: سيء جدا - adjective: extremely bad Coach Ramsey took his newest player off the field after watching a few painful minutes of her abysmal performance.

ignominious

Adjective: شائن - فاضح - adjective: (used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame Since the politician preached ethics and morality, his texting of revealing photographs was ignominious, bringing shame on both himself and his party.

cadaverous

Adjective: شاحب - معضم - She was gaunt , painfully thin, expressionless, wearing a sleeveless top, dark pants, and sandals.

laborious

Adjective: شاق - adjective: characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort The most laborious job I've had was working 20 hours a day as a fisherman in King Salmon, Alaska.

arduous

Adjective: شاق - adjective: demanding considerable mental effort and skill; testing powers of endurance In order to deal with the arduous cross-country journey, truck drivers often survive on a string of caffeinated drinks, staying awake for up to 30 hours at a time.

taxing

Adjective: شاق - مرهق - adjective: use to the limit; exhaust The hike to the summit of Mt. Whitney was so taxing that I could barely speak or stand up

mettlesome

Adjective: شجاع - Adjective: filled with courage or valor - The primeval versions of Alone in the Dark were critically panned, and with beatific reason: the mettlesome was a preventative mess.

doughty

Adjective: شجاع - adjective: brave; bold; courageous I enjoy films in which a doughty group comes together to battle a force of evil.

derelict

Adjective: شخص منبوذ Noun: مبني مهجور - adjective: (of a person) not doing one's duties The teacher was derelict in her duties because she hadn't graded a single student paper in three weeks. noun: (of a building) abandoned At one time the waterfront factories were busy and productive, but now that the economy has collapsed and the factories are all closed, these derelicts will be torn down.

fastidious

Adjective: شديد الحساسيه - adjective: overly concerned with details; fussy Whitney is fastidious about her shoes, arranging them on a shelf in a specific order, each pair evenly spaced.

fell

Adjective: شرير جدا - adjective: terribly evil For fans of the Harry Potter series, the fell Lord Voldemort, who terrorized poor Harry for seven lengthy installments, has finally been vanquished by the forces of good—unless, that is, JK Rowling decides to come out of retirement.

chivalrous

Adjective: شهم تجاه النساء - adjective: being attentive to women like an ideal knight Medieval tales are full of stories of chivalry, in which a young knight must commit deeds of heroism to win the hand of a fair maiden.

illustrious

Adjective: شهير - adjective: widely known and esteemed; having or conferring glory Einstein was possibly the most illustrious scientist in recent history.

ersatz

Adjective: شيء مصطنع - غير حقيقي - adjective: not real or genuine; phony The car dealer's ersatz laughter was immediately followed by a price quote, one that Shelley found highly inflated.

diabolical

Adjective: شيطاني - adjective: to be extremely wicked like the devil The conspirators, willing to dispatch anyone who stood in their way, hatched a diabolical plan to take over the city.

obstreperous

Adjective: صاخب - adjective: noisily and stubbornly defiant; willfully difficult to control When the teacher asked the obstreperous student simply to bus his tray, the student threw the entire tray on the floor, shouted an epithet, and walked out.

blatant

Adjective: صارخ - واضح - adjective: without any attempt at concealment; completely obvious Allen was often punished in school for blatantly disrespecting teachers.

stringent

Adjective: صارم - adjective: demanding strict attention to rules and procedures Most of the students disliked the teacher because of his stringent homework policy, but many students would later thank him for demanding so much from them

martinet

Adjective: صارم - noun: a strict disciplinarian The job seemed perfect to Rebecca, until she found out that her boss was a total martinet; after each project the boss would come by to scrutinize—and inevitably criticize—every little detail of the work Rebecca had done.

puerile

Adjective: صبياني - طفولي - adjective: of or characteristic of a child; displaying or suggesting a lack of maturity Helen enjoyed blowing soap bubbles, but Jim regarded this as puerile, totally unworthy of a woman with a Ph.D.

candid

Adjective: صريح - adjective: straightforward and honest Even with a perfect stranger, Charles was always candid and would rarely hold anything back.

forthright

Adjective: صريح - adjective: characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion I did not expect the insurance agent to give us any straight answers, but I was pleasantly surprised by how forthright he was.

unruly

Adjective: صعب المراس - adjective: (of persons) noisy and lacking in restraint or discipline; unwilling to submit to authority Walk in to any preschool and I am sure that you will find an unruly and chaotic scene—unless it's nap time.

erudite

Adjective: ضليع - واسع المعرفه - adjective: having or showing profound knowledge Before the Internet, the library was typically where you would find erudite readers.

blinkered

Adjective: ضيق الأفق - adjective: to have a limited outlook or understanding In gambling, the blinkered addict is easily influenced by past successes and/or past failures, forgetting that the outcome of any one game is independent of the games that preceded it.

provincial

Adjective: ضيق الأفق - ساذج - adjective: characteristic of a limited perspective; not fashionable or sophisticated Maggie's enthusiasm about her high school teams seemed provincial to her college classmates, all of whom were following a nationally ranked college team.

inviolate

Adjective: طاهر لا تنتهك حرمته - adjective: must be kept sacred While the literary critic subjected most of the classics to the harshest reviews, he regarded Cervantes as inviolate, and had nothing but praise for him.

facetious

Adjective: طريف - مرح - adjective: cleverly amusing in tone Facetious behavior will not be tolerated during sex education class; it's time for all of you to treat these matters like mature adults.

malleable

Adjective: طيع - adjective: capable of being shaped or bent or drawn out The clay became malleable and easy to work with after a little water was added. adjective: easily influenced My little brother is so malleable that I can convince him to sneak cookies from the cupboard for me.

patent

Adjective: ظاهر جدا - جلي - adjective: glaringly obvious Since the book had been through no fewer than six proof runs, the staff was shocked to see such a patent spelling mistake remaining, right in the middle of the front cover!

inequity

Adjective: ظلم - غبن - noun: injustice by virtue of not conforming with rules or standards After decades of racial inequity, the "separate but equal" doctrine was successfully overturned.

transient

Adjective: عابر - سريع الزوال - adjective: lasting a very short time The unpredictable and transient nature of deja vu makes it a very difficult phenomenon to study properly.

transitory

Adjective: عابر - مؤقت - adjective: lasting a very short time If we lived forever and life was not transitory, do you think we would appreciate life less or more?

surly

Adjective: عابس - adjective: inclined to anger or bad feelings with overtones of menace Every morning, Bhavin was a surly, unhappy person, but once he ate breakfast, he became loving, laughing, and a joy to be around.

curmudgeon

Adjective: عابس - متذمر - noun: a grouchy, surly person Since Uncle Mike was the family curmudgeon, each Thanksgiving he was plied with copious amounts of wine, in the hope that he would become less grouchy.

feckless

Adjective: عاجز - غير فعال - adjective: lazy and irresponsible Two years after graduation, Charlie still lived with his parents and had no job, becoming more feckless with each passing day.

inarticulate

Adjective: عاجز عن الإفصاح - adjective: without or deprived of the use of speech or words Although a brilliant economist, Professor Black was completely inarticulate, a terrible lecturer.

equitable

Adjective: عادل - منصف - adjective: fair to all parties as dictated by reason and conscience The equitable distribution of ice cream to a group of 5 year olds will ensure little to no fighting—at least until the ice cream is gone.

tempestuous

Adjective: عاصف - شديد - هائج - adjective: as if driven by turbulent or conflicting emotions; highly energetic and wildly changing or fluctuating Chuck and Kathy had always been stable and agreeable people on their own, but when they got involved, it was a tempestuous relationship.

inclement

Adjective: عاصف - صارم - adjective: (of weather) unpleasant, stormy After a week of inclement weather, we finally are able to go outside and enjoy the sun. adjective: used of persons or behavior; showing no mercy Marcus Aurelius, though a fair man, was inclement to Christians during his reign, persecuting them violently.

sentimental

Adjective: عاطفي - حساس - adjective: effusively or insincerely emotional, especially in art, music, and literature I don't like romanticism for the same reason I don't like melodramatic acting and soap operas—overly sentimental.

cosmopolitan

Adjective: عالمي - adjective: comprising many cultures; global in reach and outlook There are few cities in the world as diverse and cosmopolitan as New York.

futile

Adjective: غير مجدي - عقيم - adjective: producing no result or effect; unproductive of success I thought I could repair the car myself, but after two days of work with no success, I have to admit that my efforts were futile.

catholic

Adjective: عالمي - adjective: of broad scope; universal Jonah's friends said that Jonah's taste in music was eclectic; Jonah was quick to point out that not only was his taste eclectic but it was also catholic: he enjoyed music from countries as far-flung as Mali and Mongolia.

antiquated

Adjective: عتيق - قديم - adjective: old-fashioned; belonging to an earlier period in time Aunt Betty had antiquated notions about marriage, believing that a man should court a woman for at least a year before receiving a kiss.

hoary

Adjective: عتيق - قديم جدا - adjective: ancient Most workout gurus are young, fit people, whereas most yoga gurus are hoary men with long white beards.

stolid

Adjective: عديم الإحساس - adjective: having or revealing little emotion or sensibility; not easily aroused or excited Elephants may appear stolid to casual observers, but they actually have passionate emotional lives.

aboveboard

Adjective: علانيه - adjective: open and honest The mayor, despite his avuncular face plastered about the city, was hardly aboveboard - some concluded that it was his ingratiating smile that allowed him to engage in corrupt behavior and get away with it.

bilious

Adjective: علي طول غضبان - adjective: irritable; always angry Rex was bilious all morning, and his face would only take on a look of contentedness when he'd had his morning cup of coffee.

intermittent

Adjective: علي فترات متقطعه - adjective: stopping and starting at irregular intervals The intermittent thunder continued and the night was punctuated by cracks of lightning—a surreal sleepless night.

scrupulous

Adjective: عنده ضمير ومباديء - adjective: characterized by extreme care and great effort Because of his scrupulous nature, Mary put him in charge of numbering and cataloging the entire collection of rare stamps. adjective: having a sense of right and wrong; principled Everyone trusted what he said and followed his example because he was scrupulous and honest.

obdurate

Adjective: عنيد - adjective: unable to be persuaded or moved emotionally; stubborn; unyielding. No number of pleas and bribes would get him to change his obdurate attitude.

obstinate

Adjective: عنيد - متعنت - adjective: resistant to guidance or discipline; stubbornly persistent The coach suggested improvements Sarah might make on the balance beam, but she remained obstinate, unwilling to modify any of the habits that made her successful in the past.

indignant

Adjective: غاضب بسبب احساسه بالظلم - adjective: feeling anger over a perceived injustice When the cyclist swerved into traffic, it forced the driver to brake and elicited an indignant shout of "Hey, punk, watch where you're going!"

antic

Adjective: غريب - adjective: ludicrously odd The clown's antic act was too extreme for the youngest children, who left the room in tears.

eccentric

Adjective: غريب الأطوار - adjective: highly unconventional or unusual (usually describes a person) Mozart was well-known for his eccentricities, often speaking words backward to confuse those around him.

profuse

Adjective: غزير - adjective: plentiful; pouring out in abundance During mile 20 of the Hawaii Marathon, Dwayne was sweating so profusely that he stopped to take off his shirt, and ran the remaining six miles wearing nothing more than skimpy shorts.

prolific

Adjective: غزير الإنتاج - adjective: intellectually productive Schubert was the most prolific composer, producing hundreds of hours of music before he died at the age of 31.

irascible

Adjective: غضوب - adjective: quickly aroused to anger If Arthur's dog is not fed adequately, he becomes highly irascible, even growling at his own shadow.

unprepossessing

Adjective: غير جذاب - adjective: creating an unfavorable or neutral first impression World leaders coming to meet Gandhi would expect a towering sage, and often would be surprised by the unprepossessing little man dressed only in a loincloth and shawl.

imponderable

Adjective: غير قابل للتخمين - adjective: impossible to estimate or figure out According to many lawmakers, the huge variety of factors affecting society make devising an efficient healthcare system an imponderable task.

implausible

Adjective: غير قابل للتصديق - adjective: describing a statement that is not believable The teacher found it implausible that the student was late to school because he had been kidnapped by outlaws on horseback.

indecorous

Adjective: غير لائق - adjective: not in keeping with accepted standards of what is right or proper in polite society Eating with elbows on the table is considered indecorous in refined circles.

unseemly

Adjective: غير لائق - adjective: not in keeping with accepted standards of what is right or proper in polite society He acted in an unseemly manner, insulting the hostess and then speaking ill of her deceased husband.

gauche

Adjective: غير لبق - بيرمي دبش - adjective: lacking social polish Sylvester says the most gauche things, such as telling a girl he liked that she was much prettier when she wore makeup.

vicarious

Adjective: غير مباشر - نيابة عن - adjective: felt or undergone as if one were taking part in the experience or feelings of another The advent of twitter is a celebrity stalker's dream, as he or she can—through hundreds of intimate "tweets"—vicariously live the life of a famous person.

unforthcoming

Adjective: غير متعاون - غير موات - adjective: uncooperative, not willing to give up information The teacher demanded to know who broke the window while he was out of the room, but the students understandably were unforthcoming.

boorish

Adjective: غير مثقف - جلف - adjective: ill-mannered and coarse or contemptible in behavior or appearance Bukowski was known for being a boorish drunk and alienating close friends and family.

unviable

Adjective: غير مجديه - مش هتنجح - adjective: not able to work, survive, or succeed (also spelled inviable). The plan was obviously unviable considering that it lead to complete environmental destruction in the river valley.

inadvertent

Adjective: غير مدروس - غير متعمد - adjective: happening by chance or unexpectedly or unintentionally Although Prohibition was rooted in noble ideals, the inadvertent and costly consequences of making alcohol illegal in the U.S. led to its repeal.

precarious

Adjective: غير مستقر - خطر - adjective: fraught with danger People smoke to relax and forget their cares, but ironically, in terms of health risks, smoking is far more precarious than either mountain-climbing or skydiving.

illicit

Adjective: غير مشروع - adjective: contrary to or forbidden by law Though Al Capone was engaged in many illicit activities, he was finally arrested for income tax evasion, a relatively minor offense.

insipid

Adjective: غير مشوق - ملهوش طعم - adjective: dull and uninteresting The movie director was known for hiring beautiful actors in order to deflect attention away from the insipid scripts he would typically use.

unconcsionable

Adjective: غير معقول - adjective: unreasonable; unscrupulous; excessive The lawyer's demands were so unconscionable that rather than pay an exorbitant sum or submit himself to any other inconveniences, the defendant decided to find a new lawyer.

inchoate

Adjective: غير مكتمل - غير منجز - adjective: only partly in existence; imperfectly formed Inchoate ideas about the relation of humans to other animals had been discussed since the Middle Ages but the modern theory really began with Darwin.

untoward

Adjective: غير موات - adjective: unfavorable; inconvenient Some professors find teaching untoward as having to prepare for lectures and conduct office hours prevents them from focusing on their research.

wanton

Adjective: فاجر - وحشي - adjective: without check or limitation; showing no moral restraints to one's anger, desire, or appetites Due to wanton behavior and crude language, the drunk man was thrown out of the bar and asked to never return.

vacuous

Adjective: فارغ - adjective: devoid of intelligence, matter, or significance To the journalist's pointed question, the senator gave a vacuous response, mixing a few of his overall campaign slogans with platitudes and completely avoiding the controversial subject of the question.

raffish

Adjective: فاسق - سافل - adjective: marked by a carefree unconventionality or disreputableness The men found him raffish, but the women adored his smart clothes and casual attitude

sagacious

Adjective: فطن - حصيف - adjective: having good judgement and acute insight Steve Jobs is surely one of the most sagacious CEOs, making Apple one of the most recognizable and valuable companies in the world.

churlish

Adjective: فظ - غليظ الطبع - adjective: lacking manners or refinement The manager was unnecessarily churlish to his subordinates, rarely deigning to say hello, but always quick with a sartorial jab if someone happened to be wearing anything even slightly mismatching.

efficacious

Adjective: فعال - adjective: producing the intended result Since Maggie's cough syrup, which had expired five years back, was no longer efficacious, she coughed through the night.

penuroious

Adjective: فقير - adjective: lacking money; poor Truly penurious, Mary had nothing more than a jar full of pennies. adjective: miserly Warren Buffett, famous multi-billionaire, still drives a cheap sedan, not because he is penurious, but because luxury cars are gaudy and impractical.

destitute

Adjective: فقير - معدم - adjective: poor enough to need help from others Jean Valjean, is at first destitute, but through the grace of a priest, he makes something of his life. adjective: completely wanting or lacking (usually "destitute of") Now that the mine is closed, the town is destitute of any economic activity.

apposite

Adjective: في محله - مناسب - adjective: remarkably appropriate For a writer with such quick wit, Jonathan Swift has a rather apposite name.

improvident

Adjective: قصير النظر - adjective: not given careful consideration Marty was improvident, never putting money aside for the future but spending it on decorating the interior of his home.

flippant

Adjective: قليل الاحترام - adjective: showing inappropriate levity Although Sam was trying to honor Mark's sense of humor, many found it quite flippant that he wore a comic nose and glasses mask to Mark's funeral.

callow

Adjective: قليل الخبره - adjective: young and inexperienced Both Los Angeles and New York are known for callow out-of-towners hoping to make it big.

bleak

Adjective: كئيب - adjective: having a depressing or gloomy outlook Unremitting overcast skies tend to lead people to create bleak literature and lugubrious music — compare England's band Radiohead to any band from Southern California.

loath

Adjective: كاره - مشمئز - adjective: unwilling to do something contrary to your custom (usually followed by 'to') I was loath to leave the concert before my favorite band finished playing.

morose

Adjective: كالح - adjective: ill-tempered and not inclined to talk; gloomy After Stanley found out he was no longer able to go on vacation with his friends, he sat in his room morosely.

thoroughgoing

Adjective: كامل - تام - adjective: very thorough; complete As a thoroughgoing bibliophile, one who had turned his house into a veritable library, he shocked his friends when he bought a Kindle.

taciturn

Adjective: كتوم - متحفظ - adjective: habitually reserved and uncommunicative While the CEO enthusiastically shares his plans and agenda with all who will listen, the CFO is far more taciturn, rarely revealing his perspective.

inviolable

Adjective: لاتنتهك حرمته - adjective: never to be broken, infringed, or dishonored To many the grass at Wimbledon is inviolable and only greater tennis players are able to enjoy a game there.

vitriolic

Adjective: لاذع - adjective: harsh or corrosive in tone While the teacher was more moderate in her criticism of the other student's papers, she was vitriolic toward Peter's paper, casting every flaw in the harshest light.

piquant

Adjective: لاذع - adjective: having an agreeably pungent taste The chef, with a mere flick of the salt shaker, turned the bland tomato soup into a piquant meal.

glib

Adjective: لبق - adjective: (of a person) speaking with ease but without sincerity I have found that the more glib the salesman, the worse the product.

urbane

Adjective: لبق - ساكن المدينه - المتحضر - adjective: showing a high degree of refinement and the assurance that comes from wide social experience Because of his service as an intelligence officer and his refined tastes, W. Somerset Maugham became the inspiration for the urbane and sophisticate spy James Bond.

palatable

Adjective: لذيذ - مقبول الطعم - adjective: acceptable to the taste or mind Mikey didn't partake much in his friends' conversations, but found their presence palatable.

complaisant

Adjective: لطيف - خدوم - adjective: showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others On her first day at the job, Annie was complaisant, fulfilling every request of her new employer and anticipating future requests.

tractable

Adjective: لين العريكه - adjective: readily reacting to suggestions and influences; easily managed (controlled or taught or molded) Compared to middle school students, who have an untamed wildness about them, high school students are somewhat more tractable.

baleful

Adjective: مؤذ - منر بتطورات سيئه - adjective: threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments Movies often use storms or rain clouds as a baleful omen of evil events that will soon befall the main character.

provisional

Adjective: مؤقت - adjective: under terms not final or fully worked out or agreed upon Until the corporate office hands down a definitive decision on use of the extra offices, we will share their use in a provisional arrangement.

consummate

Adjective: ماهر - كامل - adjective: having or revealing supreme mastery or skill Tyler was the consummate musician: he was able to play the guitar, harmonica, and the drum at the same time. verb: to make perfect and complete in every respect The restoration of the ancient church was only consummated after a twenty years of labor

hackneyed

Adjective: مبتذل - adjective: lacking significance through having been overused Cheryl rolled her eyes when she heard the lecturer's hackneyed advice to "be true to yourself."

trite

Adjective: مبتذل - adjective: repeated too often; overfamiliar through overuse Many style guides recommend not using idioms in writing because these trite expressions are uninteresting and show a lack of imagination on the part of the writer.

beatific

Adjective: مبتهج - adjective: blissfully happy Often we imagine all monks to wear the beatific smile of the Buddha, but, like any of us, a monk can have a bad day and not look very happy.

ebullient

Adjective: مبتهج - متحمس - adjective: joyously unrestrained Can you blame him for his ebullient mood? He just graduated from medical school.

hagiographic

Adjective: مبجله - adjective: excessively flattering toward someone's life or work Most accounts of Tiger Woods's life were hagiographic, until, that is, his affairs made headlines

propitious

Adjective: مبشر بالخير - adjective: presenting favorable circumstances; likely to result in or show signs of success The child's heartbeat is still weak, but I am seeing many propitious signs and I think that she may be healing.

provident

Adjective: مبيبصش تحت رجليه - adjective: careful in regard to your own interests; providing carefully for the future In a move that hardly could be described as provident, Bert spent his entire savings on a luxurious cruise, knowing that other bills would come due a couple months later.

inveterate

Adjective: متأصل - راسخ - عتيق - He is an inveterate smoker and has told his family and friends that there is no way he will ever quit.

scintillating

Adjective: متألق - متلألأ - adjective: describes someone who is brilliant and lively Richard Feynman was renowned for his scintillating lectures—the arcana of quantum physics was made lucid as he wrote animatedly on the chalkboard.

sullen

Adjective: متجهم - حزين - adjective: showing a brooding ill humor Herbert took board games too seriously, often appearing sullen after losing.

pedantic

Adjective: متحذلق - adjective: marked by a narrow focus on or display of learning especially its trivial aspects Professor Thompson was regarded as an expert in his field, but his lectures were utterly pedantic, focused on rigorous details of the most trivial conventions in the field.

jaundiced

Adjective: متحيز ضد - adjective: to be biased against due to envy or prejudice - Shelly was jaundiced towards Olivia; though the two had once been best friends, Olivia had become class president, prom queen, and, to make matters worse, the girlfriend of the one boy Shelly liked.

irresolute

Adjective: متردد - adjective: uncertain how to act or proceed He stood irresolute at the split in the trail, not sure which route would lead back to the camp.

precipitous

Adjective: متسرع - متهور - adjective: done with very great haste and without due deliberation Instead of calling his financial advisor, Harold acted precipitously, buying 4,000 shares of the latest "hot" stock, only to find out that the company had a history of inflating its year end numbers.

sporadic

Adjective: متشتت - adjective: recurring in scattered and irregular or unpredictable instances The signals were at first sporadic, but now we detect a clear, consistent pattern of electromagnetic radiation emanating from deep space.

officious

Adjective: متطفل - adjective: intrusive in a meddling or offensive manner The professor had trouble concentrating on her new theorem, because her officious secretary would barge in frequently reminding her of some trivial detail involving departmental paperwork.

exacting

Adjective: متطلب الدقه - adjective: requiring and demanding accuracy Though his childhood piano teacher was so exacting, Max is thankful now, as a professional pianist.

sanctimonious

Adjective: متظاهر بالتدين والتقوي - adjective: making a show of being pious; holier-than-thou Even during the quiet sanctity of evening prayer, she held her chin high, a sanctimonious sneer forming on her face as she eyed those who were attending church for the first time.

empathetic

Adjective: متعاطف - adjective: showing understanding and ready comprehension of other peoples' states and emotions Most discrimination and hatred is based on a lack of empathetic awareness of people that have the same aspirations and fears.

cavalier

Adjective: متعجرف - adjective: given to haughty disregard of others Percy dismissed the issue with a cavalier wave of his hand.

imperious

Adjective: متعجرف - مستبد adjective: having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy Children are imperious with each other before they learn that earning someone's respect is better than demanding.

inscrutable

Adjective: متعذر الفهم - adjective: not easily understood; unfathomable His speech was so dense and confusing that many in the audience found it inscrutable.

sartorial

Adjective: متعلق بالملبس - adjective: related to fashion or clothes Monte was astute at navigating the world of finance; sartorially, however, he was found wanting—he typically would attempt to complement his beige tie with a gray suit and white pants

supercilious

Adjective: متغطرس - متكبر - adjective: haughty and disdainful; looking down on others Nelly felt the Quiz Bowl director acted superciliously towards the underclassmen; really, she fumed, must he act so preternaturally omniscient each time he intones some obscure fact—as though everybody knows that Mt. Aconcagua is the highest peak in South America.

sanguine

Adjective: متفائل - adjective: cheerful; optimistic With the prospect of having to learn 3,000 words during the course of the summer, Paul was anything but sanguine.

Pollyannaish

Adjective: متفائل جدا - adjective: extremely optimistic Even in the midst of a lousy sales quarter, Debbie remained Pollyannaish, never losing her shrill voice and wide smile, even when prospective customers hung up on her

austere

Adjective: متقشف - صارم - غير مزين - adjective: practicing self-denial His lifestyle of revelry and luxurious excess could hardly be called austere. adjective: unadorned in style or appearance Late Soviet architecture, although remaining largely austere, moved into experimental territory that employed previously unused shapes and structures. adjective: harsh in manner of temperament The principal of my elementary school was a cold, austere woman; I could never understand why she chose to work with children.

capricious

Adjective: متقلب - نزوي - adjective: determined by chance or impulse or whim rather than by necessity or reason Nearly every month our capricious CEO had a new plan to turn the company around, and none of them worked because we never gave them the time they needed to succeed.

fickle

Adjective: متلون - adjective: liable to sudden unpredictable change, esp. in affections or attachments She was so fickle in her politics, it was hard to pinpoint her beliefs; one week she would embrace a side, and the next week she would denounce it.

protean

Adjective: متلون - adjective: readily taking on different roles; versatile Peter Sellers was truly a protean actor—in Doctor Strangelove he played three very different roles: a jingoist general, a sedate President and a deranged scientist.

elusive

Adjective: متملص - adjective: difficult to capture or difficult to remember Many first time skydivers say that describing the act of falling from the sky is elusive.

sycophant

Adjective: متملق - ذليل - noun: a person who tries to please someone in order to gain a personal advantage The CEO was unaware of the damaging consequences of his choices, largely because he surrounded himself with sycophants who would never dare criticize him.

moot

Adjective: متنازع فيه - مختلف فيه - adjective: open to argument or debate; undecidable in a meaningless or irrelevant way Since the Board just terminated Steve as the CEO, what the finance committee might have thought of his proposed marketing plan for next year is now a moot point.

antithetical

Adjective: متناقض - His deep emotional involvement with these ideas is, in fact, antithetical to the detachment Buddhism preaches.

evasive

Adjective: متهرب - adjective: avoiding or escaping from difficulty or danger or commitment His responses were clearly evasive; he obviously did not want to take on any responsibility or any new work. adjective: deliberately vague or ambiguous Every time I call the bank, I receive the same evasive answers about our mortgage and never get a clear response.

impetuous

Adjective: متهور - طائش - adjective: characterized by undue haste and lack of thought or deliberation Herbert is rarely impetuous, but on the spur of the moment, he spent thousands of dollars on a motorcycle today.

foolhardy

Adjective: متهور - طائش - adjective: marked by defiant disregard for danger or consequences The police regularly face dangerous situations, so for a police officer not to wear his bullet-proof vest is foolhardy

precipitate

Adjective: متهور - مندفع - adjective: hasty or rash Instead of conducting a thorough investigation after the city hall break-in, the governor acted precipitately, accusing his staff of aiding and abetting the criminals. verb: to cause to happen The government's mishandling of the hurricane's aftermath precipitated a widespread outbreak of looting and other criminal activity.

incessant

Adjective: متواصل - أبدي - adjective: uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing I don't mind small children in brief doses, but I think the incessant exposure that their parents have to them would quickly wear me down.

incumbent

Adjective: متوجب فعله - adjective: necessary (for someone) as a duty or responsibility Middle managers at times make important decisions, but real responsibility for the financial well-being of the corporation is ultimately incumbent on the CEO.

embroiled

Adjective: متورط - verb: involved in argument or contention These days we are never short of a D.C. politician embroiled in scandal—a welcome phenomenon for those who, having barely finished feasting on the sordid details of one imbroglio, can sink their teeth into a fresh one.

complicit

Adjective: متورط - adjective: Associated with or participating in an activity, especially one of a questionable nature. While the grand jury cleared the senator of all criminal charges, in the public mind he was still complicit in the corruption.

endemic

Adjective: متوطن - adjective: native; originating where it is found Irish cuisine makes great use of potatoes, but ironically, the potato is not endemic to Ireland.

enamored

Adjective: متيم - عاشق - adjective: strongly attracted to or in love with. She is completely enamored with Justin Bieber, and goes to all his concerts on the East coast.

precedent

Adjective: مثال سابق - noun: an example that is used to justify similar occurrences at a later time The principal explained that even though one student had done modelling work outside of school, the outfits that student wore in those photographs in no way established a precedent for what could be worn at school dances.

quixotic

Adjective: مثالي - خيالي - adjective: wildly idealistic; impractical For every thousand startups with quixotic plans to be the next big name in e-commerce, only a handful ever become profitable.

contentious

Adjective: مثير للخلاف - adjective: likely to argue Since old grandpa Harry became very contentious during the summer when only reruns were on T.V., the grandkids learned to hide from him at every opportunity.

factious

Adjective: مثير للشقاق - adjective: produced by, or characterized by internal dissension The controversial bill proved factious, as dissension even within parties resulted

poignant

Adjective: مثير للمشاعر - adjective: emotionally touching After the Montagues and Capulets discover the dead bodies of Romeo and Juliet, in the play's most poignant moment, the two griefstricken families agree to end their feud once and for all.

industrious

Adjective: مجتهد - adjective: characterized by hard work and perseverance Pete was an industrious student, completing every assignment thoroughly and on time.

miscreant

Adjective: مجرم - وغد - noun: a person who breaks the law "Come back you miscreant!" yelled the woman who just had her purse stolen.

dishartened

Adjective: محبط - فاقد للأمل - adjective: made less hopeful or enthusiastic After the visiting team scored nine times, the home team's fans were disheartened, some leaving the game early

contemptuous

Adjective: محتقر للآخرين - adjective: scornful, looking down at others with a sneering attitude Always on the forefront of fashion, Vanessa looked contemptuously at anyone wearing dated clothing.

arriviste

Adjective: محدث النعمه - noun: a person who has recently reached a position of power; a social climber The city center was aflutter with arrivistes who tried to outdo one another with their ostentatious sports cars and chic evening dress.

parvenu

Adjective: محدث النعمه - noun: a person who has suddenly become wealthy, but not socially accepted as part of a higher class The theater was full of parvenus who each thought that they were surrounded by true aristocrats.

mordant

Adjective: محرق - كاو - لاذع - adjective: biting and caustic in thought, manner, or style While Phil frequently made mordant remarks about company policy overall, he always was considerably gentler in discussing any person in particular.

doleful

Adjective: محزن - adjective: filled with or evoking sadness No event is more doleful than the passing of my mother; she was a shining star in my life, and it brings me great sadness to think that she is now gone.

impermeable

Adjective: محكم - غير نافذ - adjective: does not allow fluids to pass through The sand bags placed on the river formed an impermeable barrier, protecting the town from flooding.

punctilious

Adjective: مدقق للتفاصيل - adjective: marked by precise accordance with details The colonel was so punctilious about enforcing regulations that men feel compelled to polish even the soles of their shoes.

apostate

Adjective: مرتد - منشق عن جماعه معينه - noun: a person who has abandoned a religious faith or cause An apostate of the Republican Party, Sheldon has yet to become affiliated with any party and dubs himself an independent.

pejorative

Adjective: مزدري - محقر - adjective: expressing disapproval (usu. refers to a term) Most psychologists object to the pejorative term "shrink", believing that they expand the human mind, not limit it.

nettlesome

Adjective: مزعج - adjective: causing irritation or annoyance Maria found her coworker's cell phone nettlesome, because every few minutes it would buzz to life with another text message.

jocular

Adjective: مزوح - مازح - adjective: characterized by jokes and good humor My uncle was always in a jocular mood at family gatherings, messing up people's hair and telling knock-knock jokes to anyone who would listen.

specious

Adjective: مزيف - adjective: based on pretense; deceptively pleasing Almost every image on TV is specious and not to be trusted. adjective: plausible but false He made a career out of specious arguments and fictional lab results, but lost his job and reputation when his lies were exposed by an article in The New York Times.

invidious

Adjective: مسبب للإستياء - adjective: likely to cause resentment At a time when many others in the office were about to be laid off, many considered Cheryl's fine clothes that day an invidious display.

approbatory

Adjective: مستحسن - adjective: expressing praise or approval Although it might not be her best work, Hunter's new novel has received generally approbatory reviews.

jovial

Adjective: مسرور - adjective: full of or showing high-spirited merriment The presidential candidate and her supporters were jovial once it was clear that she had won

amok

Adjective: مسعور - adverb: in a frenzied or uncontrolled state Wherever the bowl haircut teen-idol went, his legions of screaming fans ran through the streets amok, hoping for a glance at his boyish face.

anodyne

Adjective: مسكن - مخفف لآلام الناس - Noun: شخص غير عدواني - noun: something that soothes or relieves pain Muzak, which is played in department stores, is intended to be an anodyne, but is often so cheesy and over-the-top that customers become irritated. adjective: inoffensive Wilbur enjoyed a spicy Mexican breakfast, but Jill preferred a far more anodyne meal in the mornings

besotted

Adjective: مسلوب العقل - محب أو ميال لدرجه كبيره - adjective: strongly affectionate towards Even though her father did not approve, Juliet became besotted with the young Romeo. - adjective: very drunk Never before have I seen my mom so besotted, and honestly, I hope it's the last time she drinks so much.

oblique

Adjective: مش دوغري - adjective: not straightforward; indirect Herbert never explicitly revealed anything negative about Tom's past, but at times he would obliquely suggest that Tom was not as innocent as he seemed.

immaterial

Adjective: مش مهم - adjective: not relevant The judge found the defendant's comments immaterial to the trial, and summarily dismissed him from the witness stand

peripatetic

Adjective: مشائي - adjective: traveling by foot Jim always preferred a peripatetic approach to discovering a city: he felt that he could see so many more details while walking.

contingnet

Adjective: مشروط بـ - adjective: dependent on (usually used with upon) Whether the former world champions can win again this year is contingent upon none of its star players getting injured. - Noun: فريق ممثل - noun: a gathering of persons representative of some larger group A small contingent of those loyal to the king have gathered around the castle to defend it.

apocryphal

Adjective: مشكوك بأمره - adjective: being of questionable authenticity The web is notorious for sandwiching apocryphal stories between actual news.

dilatory

Adjective: مضيع للوقت - adjective: wasting time Lawyers use dilatory tactics so that it takes years before the case is actually decided.

tempered

Adjective: مظبوط - adjective: moderated in effect The wide-eyed optimism of her youth was now tempered after she had worked many years in the criminal justice system.

inimical

Adjective: معاد - adjective: hostile (usually describes conditions or environments) Venus, with a surface temperature that would turn rubber to liquid, is inimical to any form of life.

trammeled

Adjective: معاق الحركه - واقع في الشرك - The whole notion of living untrammeled inspired the American Revolution and was enshrined in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.

telling

Adjective: معبر - adjective: significant and revealing of another factor Her unbecoming dress was very telling when it came to her sense of fashion.

demonstrative

Adjective: معبر عن العواطف - adjective: given to or marked by the open expression of emotion When Sally told James that she wanted to break up with him, she expected he would react demonstratively, but he quietly nodded his head and left without saying a word.

smug

Adjective: معجب بنفسه - adjective: marked by excessive complacency or self-satisfaction When Phil was dating the model, he had a smug attitude that annoyed his buddies.

prodigious

Adjective: معجز - أعجوبي - adjective: so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe After the relatively small homerun totals in the "dead ball" era, Babe Ruth's homerun totals were truly prodigious: every year, he set a new all-time record.

impecunious

Adjective: معدم - adjective: lacking money; poor In extremely trying times, even the moderately wealthy, after a few turns of ill-fortune, can become impecunious.

byzantine

Adjective: معقد - adjective: intricate and complex Getting a driver's license is not simply a matter of taking a test; the regulations and procedures are so byzantine that many have found themselves at the mercy of the Department of Motor Vehicles.

indigent

Adjective: معوز - محتاج - adjective: poor; having very little In the so-called Third World, many are indigent and only a privileged few have the resources to enjoy material luxuries. noun: a poor or needy person The indigents, huddled under the overpass, tried to start a small bonfire in the hope of staying warm.

tendentious

Adjective: مغرض - ذو نيه مبيته - adjective: likely to lean towards a controversial view Because political mudslinging has become a staple of the 24-hour media cycle, most of us, despite protestations to the contrary, are tendentious on many of today's pressing issues.

overweening

Adjective: مغرور - معجب بنفسه - adjective: arrogant; presumptuous Mark was so convinced of his basketball skills that in his overweening pride he could not fathom that his name was not on the varsity list; he walked up to the basketball coach and told her she had forgotten to add his name.

dupe

Adjective: مغفل - verb: to trick or swindle Once again a get-rich-fast Internet scheme had duped Harold into submitting a $5,000 check to a sham operation. noun: a person who is easily tricked or swindled The charlatan mistook the crowd for a bunch of dupes, but the crowd was quickly on to him and decried his bald-faced attempt to bilk them.

conducive

Adjective: مفض إلي - adjective: making a situation or outcome more likely to happen Studying in a quiet room is conducive to learning; studying in a noisy environment makes learning more difficult.

replete

Adjective: مفعم - ممتليء - adjective: completely stocked or furnished with something Only weeks after the hurricane made landfall, the local supermarket shelves were replete with goods, so quick was the disaster relief response.

insolvent

Adjective: مفلس - adjective: unable to pay one's bills; bankrupt With credit card bills skyrocketing, a shockingly large number of Americans are truly insolvent.

disparate

Adjective: مفيش علاقه للمقارنه - adjective: two things are fundamentally different With the advent of machines capable of looking inside the brain, fields as disparate as religion and biology have been brought together by scientists trying to understand what happens in the brain when people have a religious experience.

plucky

Adjective: مقدام - شجاع - adjective: marked by courage and determination Some scouts initially doubted Pedroia because of his short stature, but he is a plucky player, surprising everyone with his boundless energy and fierce determination.

remiss

Adjective: مقصر - adjective: to be negligent in one's duty Remiss in his duty to keep the school functioning efficiently, the principal was relieved of his position after only three months.

esoteric

Adjective: مقصور علي فئه معينه - adjective: confined to and understandable by only an enlightened inner circle Map collecting is an esoteric hobby to most, but to geography geeks it is a highly enjoyable pastime.

cogent

Adjective: مقنع - adjective: clear and persuasive A cogent argument will change the minds of even the most skeptical audience.

crestfallen

Adjective: مكتئب - adjective: brought low in spirit I asked Maria on a date and she refused without a moment's thought; I was crestfallen.

palpable

Adjective: ملموس - محسوس - واضح - Each decade has its own zeitgeist—the 1990's was a prosperous time in which the promise of the American Dream never seemed more palpable.

jejune

Adjective: ملهوش طعم - Adjective: غير ناضج - طفولي - adjective: dull; lacking flavor Although many top chefs have secured culinary foam's popularity in haute cuisine, Waters criticizes it for being jejune and unfilling. adjective: immature; childish Her boss further cemented his reputation for being jejune after throwing a fit when the water cooler wasn't refilled.

venial

Adjective: ممكن إغتفاره - adjective: easily excused or forgiven; pardonable His traffic violations ran the gamut from the venial to the egregious—on one occasion he simply did not come to a complete stop; another time he tried to escape across state lines at speeds in excess of 140 mph.

percipient

Adjective: مميز - مدرك - adjective: highly perceptive Even the most percipient editor will make an occasional error when proofreading.

anemic

Adjective: من الأنيميا - adjective: lacking energy and vigor After three straight shows, the lead actress gave an anemic performance the fourth night, barely speaking loudly enough for those in the back rows to hear.

unassailable

Adjective: من غير الممكن مهاجمته - adjective: immune to attack; without flaws Professor Williams is so self-assured as to seem arrogant, presenting each and every opinion as an unassailable fact.

discursive

Adjective: من موضوع لموضوع - استطرادي - Adjective: digressing from subject to subject. adjective: (of e.g. speech and writing) tending to depart from the main point Many readers find it tough to read Moby Dick since the author is discursive, often cutting the action short to spend 20 pages on the history of a whale.

becoming

Adjective: مناسب - ملائم - adjective: appropriate, and matches nicely Her dress was becoming and made her look even more beautiful.

lascivious

Adjective: منحرف بطريقه جنسيه - adjective: lecherous; sexually perverted Lolita is a challenging novel for many, not necessarily because of the elevated prose style but because of the depravity of the main character, Humbert Humbert, who, as an old, lascivious man, lusts after a girl.

pretentous

Adjective: منذر - adjective: ominously prophetic When the captain and more than half the officers were sick on the very first night of the voyage, many of the passengers felt this was portentous, but the rest of the voyage continued without any problems.

harried

Adjective: منزعج - متضايق - adjective: troubled persistently especially with petty annoyances With a team of new hires to train, Martha was constantly harried with little questions and could not focus on her projects.

docile

Adjective: منصاع - سهل الانقياد - adjective: easily handled or managed; willing to be taught or led or supervised or directed Barnyard animals are considerably more docile than the wild animals.

impartial

Adjective: منصف - adjective: free from undue bias or preconceived opinions The judge was not impartial since he had been bribed by the witness's family.

evenhanded

Adjective: منصف - adjective: without partiality Teachers often have trouble being evenhanded to all of their varied students.

ornate

Adjective: منمق - مزخرف - Adjective: marked by elaborate rhetoric and elaborated with decorative details The ornate Victorian and Edwardian homes spread throughout San Francisco are my favorite part of the city.

soporific

Adjective: منوم - مخدر - adjective: inducing mental lethargy; sleep inducing Although the professor is brilliant, his bland monotone gives his lectures a soporific effect.

imprevious

Adjective: منيع - لا يتأثر - adjective: not admitting of passage or capable of being affected I am not impervious to your insults; they cause me great pain.

solicitous

Adjective: مهتم بزياده - adjective: showing hovering attentiveness Our neighbors are constantly knocking on our door to make sure we are ok, and I don't know how to ask them to stop being so solicitous about our health.

forthcoming

Adjective: موات - adjective: available when required or as promised The President announced that the senators were about to reach a compromise, and that he was eager to read the forthcoming details of the bill. - Adjective: صريح - adjective: at ease in talking to others As a husband, Larry was not forthcoming: if Jill didn't demand to know details, Larry would never share them with her.

sedulous

Adjective: مواظب - مجتهد - adjective: done diligently and carefully An avid numismatist, Harold sedulously amassed a collection of coins from over 100 countries—an endeavor that took over fifteen years across five continents.

thrifty

Adjective: موفر - adjective: spending money wisely He was economical, spending his money thriftily and on items considered essential.

bellicose

Adjective: مولع بالقتال - adjective: warlike; inclined to quarrel Known for their bellicose ways, the Spartans were once the most feared people from Peloponnesus to Persia.

inimitable

Adjective: ميتقلدش - adjective: defying imitation; matchless Mozart's music follows a clear pattern that, anyone could imitate, but his music gives an overall sense of effortlessness that is inimitable.

contrite

Adjective: نادم - adjective: to be remorseful Though he stole his little sister's licorice stick with malevolent glee, Chucky soon became contrite when his sister wouldn't stop crying.

whimsical

Adjective: نزوي - متقلب - adjective: determined by impulse or whim rather than by necessity or reason Adults look to kids and envy their whimsical nature at times, wishing that they could act without reason and play without limitation.

proponent

Adjective: نصير - مؤيد - noun: a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea Ironically, the leading proponent of Flat-Earth Theory flies all over the world in an effort to win more adherents.

duplicity

Adjective: نفاق - noun: deceitfulness, pretending to want one thing but interested in something else A life of espionage is one of duplicity: an agent must pretend to be a totally different person than who she or he actually is.

pecuniary

Adjective: نقدي - مالي - adjective: relating to or involving money The defendant was found guilty and had to serve a period of community service as well as pay pecuniary damages to the client

voracious

Adjective: نهم - adjective: very hungry; approaching an activity with gusto Steven was a voracious reader, sometimes finishing two novels in the same day.

errant

Adjective: هائم علي وجهه - adjective: to be wandering; not sticking to a circumscribed path Unlike his peers, who spent their hours studying in the library, Matthew preferred errant walks through the university campus

serene

Adjective: هادي - رايق - adjective: calm and peaceful I'd never seen him so serene; usually, he was a knot of stress and anxiety from hours of trading on the stock exchange.

placid

Adjective: هاديء - مسالم - adjective: not easily irritated Doug is normally placid, so we were all shocked to see him yelling at the television when the Mets lost the game.

dilettante

Adjective: هاوي - noun: an amateur who engages in an activity without serious intentions and who pretends to have knowledge Fred has no formal medical training; while he likes to claim authority on medical issues, he is little more than a dilettante.

subversive

Adjective: هدام - adjective: in opposition to an established system or institution. The ruling political party has begun a campaign to shut down subversive websites that it deems as a threat to "national safety."

nonplussed

Adjective: واجم - adjective: unsure how to act or respond Shirley was totally nonplussed when the angry motorist cut her off and then stuck his finger out the window.

telltale

Adjective: واش - كاشف السر - adjective: revealing The many telltale signs of chronic smoking include yellow teeth, and a persistent, hacking cough.

lucid

Adjective: واضح - جلي - adjective: (of language) transparently clear; easily understandable Though Walters writes about physics and time travel, his writing is always lucid, so readers with little scientific training can understand difficult concepts.

pellucid

Adjective: واضح - شفاف - adjective: transparently clear; easily understandable The professor had a remarkable ability to make even the most difficult concepts seem pellucid.

pertinent

Adjective: وثيق الصله بالموضوع - adjective: having precise or logical relevance to the matter at hand While the salaries of the players might draw attention in the media, such monetary figures are not pertinent to the question of who plays the best on the field.

amiable

Adjective: ودود - adjective: friendly Amy's name was very apt: she was so amiable that she was twice voted class president.

impending

Adjective: وشيك الحدوث - adjective: close in time; about to occur The impending doom of our world has been discussed and debated for 2000 years—maybe even longer.

sinecure

Adjective: وظيفه ملهاش لازمه - noun: an office that involves minimal duties The position of Research Director is a sinecure: the job entails almost no responsibilities, nor does the person in that position have to answer to anyone.

presumptuous

Adjective: وقح - adjective: excessively forward Many felt that Barney was presumptuous in moving into the large office before the management even made any official announcement of his promotion.

insolent

Adjective: وقح - adjective: rude and arrogant Lilian could not help herself from being insolent, commenting that the Queen's shoes were showing too much toe.

staid

Adjective: وقور - adjective: characterized by dignity and propriety Frank came from a staid environment, so he was shocked that his college roommate sold narcotics.

magisterial

Adjective: يظهر أنه ذو صلاحيات - adjective: offensively self-assured or given to exercising unwarranted power Though she was only a third grade teacher, Ms. Martinet was magisterial in dealing with her class, lording over them like a queen.

effable

Adjective: يمكن للكلمات أن تصفه - While art critics can occasionally pinpoint a work's greatness, much of why a piece captures our imaginations is completely ineffable.

askance

Adverb: بإرتياب - adverb: with a look of suspicion or disapproval The old couple looked askance on the teenagers seated next to them, whispering to each other, "They've got rings through their noses and purple hair!"

amply

Adverb: بإسهاب - adverb: more than is adequate The boat was amply supplied for its year at sea—no man would go hungry or thirsty.

autonomously

Adverb: باستقلال - adverb: Acting independently; self-governing (of a country) Many of the factory workers are worried about being replaced by machines and computers that will work completely autonomously.

peremptorily

Adverb: بشكل آمري - مريسه - adjective: bossy and domineering My sister used to peremptorily tell me to do the dishes, a chore I would either do perfunctorily or avoid doing altogether.

brusquely

Adverb: بفظاظه - Not one for social pleasantries, the Chief of Staff would brusquely ask his subordinates for anything he wanted, even coffee.

chimera

Noun: الحيوان الاسطوري - كنايه عن المستحيل - noun: something desired or wished for but is only an illusion and impossible to achieve Many believe that a world free of war is a chimera—a dream that ignores humanity's violent tendencies.

nadir

Noun: الدرك الأسفل - noun: the lowest point For many pop music fans, the rap- and alternative-rock-dominated 90s were the nadir of musical expression

cupidity

Noun: الطمع في المال - noun: greed for money Some people believe that amassing as much wealth as possible is the meaning to life—yet they often realize that cupidity brings anything but happiness.

artlessness

Noun: العفويه - البراءه - noun: the quality of innocence I, personally, found the artlessness of her speech charming.

epiphany

Noun: Aha moment - noun: a sudden revelation or moment of insight Gary one day had an epiphany that he was a people person; he promptly quit his factory job and began working as a salesman.

moment

Noun: أهميه - noun: significant and important value Despite the initial hullabaloo, the play was of no great moment in Hampton's writing career, and within a few years the public quickly forgot his foray into theater arts.

zenith

Noun: أوج - قمه - At the zenith of his artistic career, Elvis was outselling any other artist on the charts.

primacy

Noun: أوليه - صداره - noun: the state of being first in importance The primacy of Apple Computers is not guaranteed, as seen in the recent lawsuits and weak growth.

phantasmagoria

Noun: أوهام - Noun: a sequence of real or imaginary images like those seen in a dream. - Those suffering from malaria fall into a feverish sleep, their world a whirligig of phantasmagoria; if they recover, they are unsure of what actually took place and what was simply a product of their febrile imaginations.

guardedness

Noun: إحتراس - Cheswick's motives are forever obscured by a guardedness so thoroughgoing as to make any attempt to dissect his actions futile

resignation

Noun: إستسلام - noun: the acceptance of something unpleasant that can't be avoided Since Jack could not think of a convincing reason why he had to miss the seminar, he attended it with a sense of resignation.

umbrage

Noun: إستياء - امتعاض - noun: a feeling of anger caused by being offended Since he was so in love with her, he took umbrage at her comments, even though she had only meant to gently tease him.

prolixity

Noun: إطناب - إسهاب - noun: boring verbosity I loved my grandfather dearly, but his prolixity would put me to sleep, regardless of the topic.

dispensation

Noun: إعفاء - noun: an exemption from a rule or obligation Since her father is a billionaire, she is given dispensation from many of the school's policies

presumption

Noun: إفتراض - Noun: وقاحه - noun: an assumption that is taken for granted When Mr. Baker found out the family car was gone, he acted under the presumption that his rebellious son had taken the car, calling his son's phone and yelling at him; only later did Mr. Baker realize that Mrs. Baker had simply gone out to get her nails done. noun: audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to The new neighbor quickly gained a reputation for her presumption; she had invited herself to several neighbors' homes, often stopping over at inopportune times and asking for a drink.

bastardization

Noun: إفساد - noun: an act that debases or corrupts The movie World War Z is a complete bastardization of the book with little more in common than zombies and a title.

duress

Noun: إكراه - noun: compulsory force or threat The witness said he signed the contract under duress and argued that the court should cancel the agreement.

perquisite

Noun: إمتياز - noun: a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right) Even as the dishwasher at the French restaurant, Josh quickly learned that he had the perquisite of being able to eat terrific food for half the price diners would pay.

virago

Noun: إمرأه سليطه - noun: an ill-tempered or violent woman Poor Billy was the victim of the virago's invective—she railed at him for a good 30-minutes about how he is the scum of the earth for speaking loudly on his cellphone in public.

reprisal

Noun: إنتقام - ثأر - noun: a retaliatory action against an enemy in wartime The Old Testament doctrine of "an eye for an eye" would seem to justify an immediate physical reprisal for any injury, but that interpretation neglects the many passages that value mercy and loving-kindness over revenge.

hauteur

Noun: استكبار - noun: overbearing pride evidenced by a superior manner toward inferiors As soon as she won the lottery, Alice began displaying a hauteur to her friends, calling them dirty-clothed peasants behind their backs.

eponym

Noun: اسم حاجه مشتق من اسم شخص - noun: the name derived from a person (real or imaginary); the person for whom something is named Alexandria, Egypt is an eponym because it is named after Alexander the Great.

canard

Noun: اشاعه كاذبه - اختلاق - noun: a deliberately misleading fabrication The public will always be fooled by the media's canards.

empiricism

Noun: التجريبيه - noun: any method that derives knowledge from experience, used in experimental science as a way to gain insight and knowledge Empiricism does not always lead to knowledge; an experience or experiment may raise more questions than it answers.

mendacity

Noun: الميل للكذب - noun: the tendency to be untruthful I can forgive her for her mendacity but only because she is a child and is seeing what she can get away with.

modicun

Noun: اليسير - القليل - noun: a small or moderate or token amount If my sister had even a modicum of sense, she wouldn't be engaged to that barbarian.

desideratum

Noun: امنيه - noun: something desired as a necessity The desideratum of the environmental group is that motorists should rely on carpooling.

solicitude

Noun: اهتمام - عنايه مفرطه - noun: a feeling of excessive concern I walked to his house in the rain to make sure he had enough to eat while he was sick, but he seemed not to appreciate my solicitude.

miser

Noun: بخيل - noun: a person who doesn't like to spend money (because they are greedy) Monte was no miser, but was simply frugal, wisely spending the little that he earned.

ingenuity

Noun: براعه - Daedalus was famous for his ingenuity; he was able to fashion his son Icarus with a pair of wings, using wax to hold them together.

sangfroid

Noun: بروده الأعصاب - noun: calmness or poise in difficult situations The hostage negotiator exhibited a sangfroid that oftentimes was more menacing than the sword at his throat, or the gun at his head.

recrimination

Noun: تبادل الاتهامات - noun: mutual accusations The two brothers sat and cried, pointing fingers and making elaborate recriminations of the other's guilt

reservation

Noun: تحفظ - noun: an unstated doubt that prevents you from accepting something wholeheartedly I was initially excited by the idea of a trip to Washington, D.C. but now that I have read about the high crime statistics there, I have some reservations.

surfeit

Noun: تخمه - افراط - noun: an excessive amount of something There was no such thing as a surfeit of shopping for Nancy--she could stay at the outlet stores from opening to closing time.

opulence

Noun: ترف - noun: wealth as evidenced by sumptuous living Russian oligarchs are famous for their opulence, living in fancy homes and dining on expensive caviar.

panacea

Noun: ترياق عام لجميع الامراض - حل كل المشاكل - noun: hypothetical remedy for all ills or diseases; a universal solution While the company credit card has made most large purchases easier, it is no panacea: some smaller basic transactions still must be conducted in cash.

rapprochement

Noun: تصالح - إعادة إقامه علاقات وديه - noun: the reestablishing of cordial relations Although Ann hoped that her mother and her aunt would have a rapprochement, each one's bitter accusations against the other made any reconciliation unlikely.

credence

Noun: تصديق - إيمان - noun: belief in something He placed no credence in psychics, claiming that they offered no special powers beyond the ability to make people part with their money.

lassitude

Noun: تعب شديد - noun: extreme tiredness, either mental or physical Upon finishing a 6-hour standardized exam, Dahlia emerged from the testing center overcome by lassitude.

banality

Noun: تفاهه - noun: a trite or obvious remark Herbert regarded the minister's remark as a mere banality until Sharon pointed out profound implications to the seemingly obvious words.

inanity

Noun: تفاهه - فراغ من المعني أو الافكار - noun: total lack of meaning or ideas Bill's poem was nothing more than a list of impressive sounding words, so there was no point in trying to take meaning from the inanity.

exegesis

Noun: تفسير - noun: critical explanation or analysis, especially of a text The Bible is fertile ground for exegesis—over the past five centuries there have been as many interpretations as there are pages in the Old Testament.

prognostication

Noun: تكهن - noun: a statement made about the future When the Senator was asked about where the negotiations would lead, he said that any guess he could make would be an unreliable prognostication.

recapitulation

Noun: تلخيص - noun: a summary (think of recap) Every point of the professors lesson was so clear that the students felt his concluding recapitulation was not necessary.

apotheosis

Noun: تمجيد - noun: exaltation to divine status; the highest point of development As difficult as it is to imagine, the apotheosis of Mark Zuckerberg's career, many believe, is yet to come.

collusion

Noun: تواطؤ - noun: agreement on a secret plot Many have argued that Lee Harvey Oswald, JFK's assassin, was in collusion with other criminals; others maintain that Oswald was a lone gunman.

intimation

Noun: توجيه الكلام بطريقه غير مباشره - noun: an indirect suggestion At first the hostess tried intimation, praising the benefits of cutlery; when Cecil continued eating with his hands, the hostess told him to use a fork at dinner.

quisling

Noun: جاسوس - متعاون مع العدو - خائن - noun: a traitor History looks unfavorably upon quislings; indeed they are accorded about the same fondness as Nero—who watched his city burn down while playing the violin.

temerity

Noun: جراءه - جساره - noun: fearless daring No child has the temerity to go in the rundown house at the end of the street and see if it is haunted.

avarice

Noun: جشع - noun: greed (one of the seven deadly sins) The Spanish conquistadors were known for their avarice, plundering Incan land and stealing Incan gold.

tumult

Noun: جلبه - ضوضاء - noun: a state of chaos, noise and confusion Riots broke out just in front of our apartment building, and the tumult continued late into the night.

anachronism

Noun: حاجه مش في مكانها الصحيح تاريخيا - noun: something that is inappropriate for the given time period (usually something old). Dressed in 15th century clothing each day, Edward was a walking anachronism.

flux

Noun: حاله من الارتباك بسبب عدم معرفه ما يجب فعله - noun: a state of uncertainty about what should be done (usually following some important event) Ever since Elvira resigned as the head of marketing, everything about our sales strategy has been in a state of flux.

asperity

Noun: حده - شده - noun: harshness of manner The editor was known for his asperity, often sending severe letters of rejection to amateur writers.

tyro

Noun: حديث عهد - noun: someone new to a field or activity All great writers, athletes, and artists were tyros at one time—unknown, clumsy, and unskilled with much to learn.

aphorism

Noun: حكمه - قول مأثور - noun: a short instructive saying about a general truth Nietzsche was known for using aphorisms, sometimes encapsulating a complex philosophical thought in a mere sentence.

maxim

Noun: حكمه - قول مأثور - noun: a short saying expressing a general truth Johnson initially suggests that the secret to business can be summarized in a single maxim but then requires a 300-page book to explain exactly what he means.

epigram

Noun: حكمه ساخره - noun: a witty saying My favorite epigram from Mark Twain is "A man who carries a cat by the tail learns something he can learn no other way."

gaffe

Noun: حماقه - noun: a socially awkward or tactless act In a famous gaffe, Vice President Quayle attempted to correct the spelling of a grade school student, only to find that the child was correct.

idiosyncrasy

Noun: خاصيه مميزه للشخص - noun: a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual Peggy's numerous idiosyncrasies include wearing mismatched shoes, laughing loudly to herself, and owning a pet aardvark.

pundit

Noun: خبير في علم ما - قطب - noun: someone who has been admitted to membership in a scholarly field Steven Pinker's credentials are unquestioned as a pundit; he has taught at MIT and Stanford, teaches at Harvard, and has published a number of influential books on cognition, language, and psychology.

artifice

Noun: خدعه - حيله - noun: cunning tricks used to deceive others The mayoral candidates both spent much of the campaign accusing each other of artifices designed to mislead the voting public.

screed

Noun: خطبه ممله - noun: an abusive rant (often tedious) Joey had difficulty hanging out with his former best friend Perry, who, during his entire cup of coffee, enumerated all of the government's deficiencies--only to break ranks and launch into some screed against big business.

hodgepodge

Noun: خليط - noun: a confusing mixture or jumble Those in attendance represented a hodgepodge of the city's denizens: chimney sweepers could be seen sitting elbow to elbow with stockbrokers.

melee

Noun: خناقه - noun: a wild, confusing fight or struggle After enduring daily taunts about my name, I became enraged and pummeled the schoolyard bully and his sycophantic friends in a brutal melee.

apprehension

Noun: خوف من شر مرتقب - noun: fearful expectation - She felt sick with apprehension - Test day can be one of pure apprehension, as many students worry about their test scores.

charlatan

Noun: دجال - noun: a flamboyant deceiver; one who attracts customers with tricks or jokes You may call him a "motivational speaker," but I call him a charlatan--he doesn't have any idea what he's really talking about.

apex

Noun: ذروه - adjective: warlike; inclined to quarrel Known for their bellicose ways, the Spartans were once the most feared people from Peloponnesus to Persia.

pinnacle

Noun: ذروه - noun: the highest point At its pinnacle, the Roman Empire extended across most of the landmass of Eurasia, a feat not paralleled to the rise of the British Empire in the 18th and 19th century.

heyday

Noun: ذروه - اوج - noun: the pinnacle or top of a time period or career During the heyday of Prohibition, bootlegging had become such a lucrative business that many who had been opposed to the 18th Amendment began to fear it would be repealed.

subterfuge

Noun: ذريعه - خدعه - حيله - noun: something intended to misrepresent the true nature of an activity Finally deciding to abandon all subterfuge, Arthur revealed to Cindy everything about his secret affair over the past two years.

savvy

Noun: ذكاء - إدراك - noun: a perceptive understanding Although a great CEO, he did not have the political savvy to win the election. verb: get the meaning of something The student savvies the meaning of astrophysics with little effort. adjective: well-informed or perceptive With his savvy business partner, the company was able to turn a profit within a year.

tact

Noun: ذوق - لباقه - noun: consideration in dealing with others and avoiding giving offense In a tremendous display of tact, Shelly was able to maintain a strong friendship with Marcia, even though Marcia's husband, Frank, confessed to finding Shelley more attractive than Marcia.

clemency

Noun: رأفه - رحمه - noun: leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice In the final moments of the trial, during his closing speech, Phillips was nearly begging the judge for clemency

raconteur

Noun: راو - noun: a person skilled in telling anecdotes Jude is entertaining, but he is no raconteur: beyond the handful of amusing stories he has memorized, he has absolutely no spontaneous story-telling ability.

Zeitgeist

Noun: روح العصر - noun: spirit of the times Each decade has its own zeitgeist—the 1990's was a prosperous time in which the promise of the American Dream never seemed more palpable.

credulity

Noun: سرعه التصديق - noun: tendency to believe readily Virginia's wide-eyed credulity as a five-year old was replaced by suspicion after she learned that Santa Claus didn't really exist.

hegemony

Noun: سيطره - noun: dominance over a certain area Until the Spanish Armada was defeated in 1587, Spain had hegemony over the seas, controlling waters stretching as far as the Americas.

reprobate

Noun: شخص بلا أخلاق - noun: a person without morals who is disapproved of Mr. Smith's two boys couldn't be more different; one was a hard-working and principled, the other was the town reprobate, always having run-ins with the law.

pariah

Noun: شخص منبوذ - noun: an outcast The once eminent scientist, upon being found guilty of faking his data, has become a pariah in the research community.

anomaly

Noun: شذوذ - noun: something that is not normal, standard, or expected After finding an anomaly in the data, she knew that she would have to conduct her experiment again.

schadenfreude

Noun: شماته - noun: joy from watching the suffering of others From his warm apartment window, Stanley reveled in schadenfreude as he laughed at the figures below, huddled together in the arctic chill.

serendipity

Noun: صدفه - noun: the instance in which an accidental, fortunate discovery is made By pure serendipity, Sarah discovered, at a flea market in Peoria, a matching earring to replace the one that fell down the storm drain back home.

candidness

Noun: صراحه - وضوح - noun: the quality of being honest and straightforward in attitude and speech Although I was unhappy that the relationship ended, I appreciated her candidness about why she was ready to move on from the relationship.

factitious

Noun: صنعي - متكلف - adjective: artificial; not natural The defendant's story was largely factitious and did not accord with eyewitness testimonies

enormity

Noun: ضخامه - شناعه - noun: an act of extreme wickedness The enormity of Pol Pot's regime is hard to capture in words--within months hundreds of thousands of Cambodians lost their lives.

juggernaut

Noun: طاغوت - noun: a force that cannot be stopped Napoleon was considered a juggernaut until he decided to invade Russia in winter; after which, his once indomitable army was decimated by cold and famine.

despot

Noun: طاغيه - مستبد - noun: a cruel and oppressive dictator The Emperor Claudius was regarded as a fair-minded leader; his successor, Nero, was an absolute despot.

invective

Noun: طعن - ذم - قدح - noun: abusive or denunciatory language The Internet has unleashed the invectives in many of us; many people post stinging criticism on the comments section underneath newspaper articles or YouTube videos.

catalyst

Noun: عامل حفاز - noun: something that speeds up an event Rosa Parks's refusal to give up her bus seat acted as a catalyst for the Civil Rights Movement, setting into motion historic changes for African-Americans.

animosity

Noun: عداء - noun: intense hostility The governor's animosity toward his rival was only inflamed when the latter spread false lies regarding the governor's first term.

enmity

Noun: عداوه - خصومه - noun: a state of deep-seated ill-will The rude remark Charles made toward Sarah yesterday was due to his illness, not due to any real enmity toward Sarah.

junta

Noun: عصبه عسكريه - مجلس عسكري - noun: an aggressive takeover by a group (usually military); the group that executes such a takeover As dangerous of a threat as North Korea is, some analysts believe that were a junta suddenly to gain power, it could be even more unpredictable and bellicose than the current leadership

snide

Noun: علامه انتقاص أو إحتقار - adjective: expressive of contempt; derogatory or mocking in an indirect way The chairman interpreted Taylor's question about promotions as a snide remark, but in all innocence Taylor was trying to figure out the company's process.

turpitude

Noun: عمل شائن - فساد خلقي - noun: depravity; a depraved act During his reign, Caligula indulged in unspeakable sexual practices, so it is not surprising that he will forever be remembered for his turpitude.

nuance

Noun: فارق دقيق - noun: a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude Because of the nuances involved in this case, I hired an outside consultant to advise us and help.

respite

Noun: فتره راحه - noun: a pause from doing something (as work) Every afternoon, the small company has a respite in which workers play foosball or board games.

graft

Noun: فساد من الرشوه - noun: corruption, usually through bribery In countries with rampant graft, getting a driver's license can require no more than paying an official.

veneer

Noun: قشره خارجيه - noun: covering consisting of a thin superficial layer that hides the underlying substance Mark Twain referred to the Victorian Period in America as the "Gilded Age", implying the ample moral corruption that lay beneath a mere veneer of respectability.

exiguity

Noun: قله - noun: the quality of being meager After two months at sea, the exiguity of the ship's supplies forced them to search for fresh water and food.

dearth

Noun: قله - ندره - noun: a lack or shortage I am surprised by the dearth of fast food chains; this is America and I assumed they were on every street.

apogee

Noun: قمه - noun: the highest point The apogee of the Viennese style of music, Mozart's music continues to mesmerize audiences well into the 21st century.

acme

Noun: قمه - noun: the highest point of achievement The new Cessna airplanes will be the acme of comfort, offering reclining seats and ample legroom.

travail

Noun: كدح - مجهود شاق - noun: use of physical or mental energy; hard work; agony or anguish While they experienced nothing but travails in refinishing the kitchen, they completed the master bedroom in less than a weekend.

insouciance

Noun: لا مبالاه - noun: lack of concern Surprisingly, Hank had become a high-powered CEO; his high school friends remembered him as "Hanky Panky", who shrugged off each failed class with insouciance.

indifference

Noun: لا مبالاه - عدم إكتراث - noun: the trait of seeming not to care In an effort to fight indifference, the president of the college introduced a new, stricter grading system.

pith

Noun: لب - جوهر - noun: the most essential part of something When Cynthia hears a speaker presenting a complex argument, she is always able to discard the irrelevant details and extract the pith of what the speaker is trying to convey.

bridle

Noun: لجام الفرس - Verb: يكبح - يعيق - verb: the act of restraining power or action or limiting excess New curfew laws have bridled people's tendency to go out at night. - verb: يتخذ موقف verb: to react with anger or to take offense The hostess bridled at the tactless dinner guests who insisted on eating before everybody had gotten their food.

jargon

Noun: لغه إصطلاحيه - noun: a characteristic language of a particular group To those with little training in medicine, the jargon of doctors can be very difficult to understand.

spendthrift

Noun: مبذر - noun: one who spends money extravagantly Taking weekly trips to Vegas, Megan was a spendthrift whose excesses eventually caught up to her.

pittance

Noun: مبلغ زهيد - noun: a small amount (of money) Vinny's uncle beamed smugly about how he'd offered his nephew fifty dollars for his Harvard tuition; even twice the amount would have been a mere pittance.

mendicant

Noun: متسول - noun: a pauper who lives by begging Tolstoy was an aristocrat, but he strove to understand the Christianity of the Russian peasants by wandering among them as a mendicant.

malingerer

Noun: متمارض - noun: someone shirking their duty by pretending to be sick or incapacitated At one time, our country was full of hardworking respectful people, but now it seems that everyone is a malingerer with little inclination to work.

raft

Noun: مجموعه كبيره من - noun: a large number of something Despite a raft of city ordinances passed by an overzealous council, noise pollution continued unabated in the megalopolis.

malfeasance

Noun: مخالفه - noun: misconduct or wrongdoing (especially by a public official) Not even the mayor's trademark pearly-toothed grin could save him from charges of malfeasance: while in power, he'd been running an illegal gambling rink in the room behind his office.

panegyric

Noun: مديح - إطراء - noun: a formal expression of praise Dave asked Andrew to do just a simple toast, but Andrew launched into a full panegyric, enumerating a complete list of Dave's achievements and admirable qualities.

malady

Noun: مرض - noun: a disease or sickness The town was struck by a malady throughout the winter that left most people sick in bed for two weeks.

maverick

Noun: مستقل الفكر - noun: someone who exhibits great independence in thought and action Officer Kelly was a maverick, rarely following police protocols or adopting the conventions for speech common among his fellow officers.

tribulation

Noun: مصيبه - محنه - noun: something, especially an event, that causes difficulty and suffering As of 2013, nearly 1.5 million Syrians have fled their country hoping to escape the tribulations of a civil war tearing their country to pieces.

semblance

Noun: مظهر خارجي - noun: an outward or token appearance or form that is deliberately misleading While the banker maintained a semblance of respectability in public, those who knew him well were familiar with his many crimes.

misanthrope

Noun: معاد للنوع الإنساني - noun: a hater of mankind Kevin is such a misanthrope that he refused to attend the Christmas party, claiming that everyone's happiness was "fake" and "annoying."

smattering

Noun: معرفه سطحيه - noun: a slight or superficial understanding of a subject; a small amount of something I know only a smattering of German, but Helen is able to read German newspapers and converse with natives.

inkling

Noun: معرفه محدوده - noun: a slight suggestion or vague understanding Lynne speaks four Romance languages, but she doesn't have an inkling about how East Asian languages are structured.

conundrum

Noun: معضله - لغز - noun: a difficult problem Computers have helped solve some of the mathematical conundrums which have puzzled man for many centuries.

egotist

Noun: مغرور - بيتكلم عن نفسه كتير - noun: a conceited and self-centered person An egotist, Natasha had few friends because of her inability to talk about anything except her dream of becoming the next American Idol.

firebrand

Noun: مفتعل للمشاكل - noun: someone who deliberately creates trouble Freddie is a firebrand: every time he walks into the office, he winds up at the center of heated argument.

bromide

Noun: ملاحظه مبتذله - noun: a trite or obvious remark Instead of sharing his umbrella, the cheeky stranger offered Martha the following bromide: "Looks like it's raining."

anathema

Noun: ملعون - شخص بغيض - noun: a detested person; the source of somebody's hate Hundreds of years ago, Galileo was anathema to the church; today the church is anathema to some on the left side of the political spectrum.

cataclysm

Noun: ممكن كارثه بيئيه مثلا - noun: an event resulting in great loss and misfortune The introduction of smallpox was a cataclysm for Native Americans, killing off more than half of their population.

gambit

Noun: مناوره - noun: a maneuver or risk in a game or conversation, designed to secure an advantage Randy played a gambit, telling his boss that he would leave at the end of the week if he didn't get a raise.

quandary

Noun: موقف مربك - ورطه - noun: state of uncertainty or perplexity especially as requiring a choice between equally unfavorable options Steve certainly is in a quandary: if he doesn't call Elaine, she will blame him for everything, but if he does call her, the evidence of where he currently is could cost him his job.

constituent

Noun: ناخب Noun: العنصر الأساسي - مقوم - noun: a citizen who is represented in a government by officials for whom he or she votes The mayor's constituents are no longer happy with her performance and plan to vote for another candidate in the upcoming election. noun: an abstract part of something The constituents of the metal alloy are nickel, copper, and tin.

paucity

Noun: ندره - noun: a lack of something There is a paucity of jobs hiring today that require menial skills, since most such jobs have either been automated or outsourced.

contrition

Noun: ندم - noun: the feeling of remorse or guilt that comes from doing something bad Those who show contrition during their prison terms--especially when under review by a parole board--often get shortened sentences.

presentiment

Noun: نذير شؤم - noun: a feeling of evil to come On the night that Lincoln would be fatally shot, his wife had a presentiment about going to Ford's Theater, but Lincoln persuaded her that everything would be fine.

row

Noun: نزاع - noun: an angry dispute The Prime Minister looked very foolish after his row with the foreign dignitary was caught on video and posted on youtube.

discord

Noun: نزاع - شقاق - noun: lack of agreement or harmony Despite all their talented players, the team was filled with discord--some players refused to talk to others--and lost most of their games.

probity

Noun: نزاهه - أمانه - إستقامه - noun: integrity, strong moral principles The ideal politician would have the probity to lead, but reality gravely falls short of the ideal of morally upright leaders.

alacrity

Noun: نشاط - حماس - noun: an eager willingness to do something The first three weeks at his new job, Mark worked with such alacrity that upper management knew it would be giving him a promotion.

euphoria

Noun: نشوه - noun: a feeling of great (usually exaggerated) elation The euphoria of winning her first gold medal in the 100 meter dash overwhelmed Shelly-Ann Fraser and she wept tears of immense joy.

boon

Noun: نعمه - noun: a desirable state Modern technology has been a boon to the travel industry. the navigation system will be a boon to both civilian and military users - adjective: very close and convivial He was a boon companion to many, and will be sadly missed.

antipathy

Noun: نفور - noun: an intense feeling of dislike or aversion Maria had an antipathy for tour groups, often bolting to the other side of the museum as soon as she saw a chaperone leading a group of wide-eyed tourists.

foible

Noun: نقطه ضعف - noun: a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual When their new roommate sat staring at an oak tree for an hour, Marcia thought it indicated a mental problem, but Jeff assured her it was a harmless foible.

exemplar

Noun: نموذج - مثال يحتذي به - noun: something to be imitated Lena's homework is on the wall because it is an exemplar of clean, neat, and thoughtful work.

paragon

Noun: نموذج مثالي - noun: model of excellence or perfection of a kind; one having no equal Even with the rise of Kobe Bryant, many still believe that Michael Jordon is the paragon for basketball players. noun: an ideal instance; a perfect embodiment of a concept Some say that Athens was the paragon of democracy, but these people often forget that slaves and women were still not allowed to vote.

polemic

Noun: هجوم عنيف مكتوب أو شفهي علي شيء معين - noun: a strong verbal or written attack on someone or something. The professor launched into a polemic, claiming that Freudian theory was a pack of lies that absolutely destroyed European literary theory.

diatribe

Noun: هجوم لاذع - noun: a strong verbal attack against a person or institution Steve's mom launched into a diatribe during the PTA meeting, contending that the school was little more than a daycare in which students stare at the wall and teachers stare at the chalkboard.

broadside

Noun: هجوم لفظي قوي - noun: a strong verbal attack Political broadsides are usually strongest in the weeks leading up to a national election.

decimation

Noun: هلاك - noun: destroying or killing a large part of the population The decimation after atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki is incomprehensible.

ascendancy

Noun: هيمنه - سطوه - noun: the state that exists when one person or group has power over another The ascendancy of the Carlsbad water polo team is clear—they have a decade of championships behind them.

truculence

Noun: وحشيه - noun: defiant aggressiveness When the boss confronted Aaron about his earlier remarks, Aaron responded with utter truculence, simply throwing a glass of water in the boss' face and walking away.

qualm

Noun: وخز الضمير - noun: uneasiness about the fitness of an action While he could articulate no clear reason why Harkner's plan would fail, he nevertheless felt qualms about committing any resources to it.

accolade

Noun: وسام شرف - noun: an award or praise granted as a special honor Jean Paul-Sartre was not a fan of accolades, and as such, he refused to accept the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1964.

wax

Verb: يتعاظم - يزداد - verb: to gradually increase in size or intensity Her enthusiasm for the diva's new album only waxed with each song; by the end of the album, it was her favorite CD yet.

imbroglio

Noun: وضع معقد - سوء تفاهم مربك - noun: a confusing and potentially embarrassing situation The chef cook-off featured one gourmand who had the unfortunate distinction of mixing the wrong broths, creating an imbroglio that diners would not soon forget.

cornucopia

Noun: وفره - noun: an abundant supply of something good The International Food Expo was a cornucopia of culinary delights: gourmet foods from every continent were under one roof.

profusion

Noun: وفره - noun: the property of being extremely abundant When Maria reported that she had been visited by Jesus Christ and had proof, a profusion of reporters and journalists descended on the town.

effrontery

Noun: وقاحه - noun: audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to The skateboarders acted with effrontery, skating through the church grounds and spray-painting signs warning trespassers.

relegate

Verb: بدل ما يفصله يشغله شغلانه أدني منزله - verb: assign to a lower position When Dexter was unable to fulfill his basic duties, instead of firing him, the boss relegated him to kitchen cleanup.

balk

Verb: توقف فجأه - رفض الإذعان - verb: refuse to comply The students were willing to clean up the broken glass, but when the teacher asked them to mop the entire floor, they balked, citing reasons why they needed to leave.

saturnine

Verb: كئيب المزاج - adjective: morose or gloomy Deprived of sunlight, humans become saturnine; that's why in very northerly territories people are encouraged to sit under an extremely powerful lamp, lest they become morose.

enthrall

Verb: مشدود - مسحور - verb: hold spellbound She was so enthralled by the movie that she never heard people screaming, "Fire! Fire!" in the neighboring theater.

enjoin

Verb: يأمر - verb: give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority The government agency enjoined the chemical company to clean up the hazardous dump it had created over the years.

dissipate

Verb: يبدد - يبذر مال - verb: squander or spend money frivolously The recent graduates dissipated their earnings on trips to Las Vegas and cruises in Mexico. verb: to disperse or scatter Kathleen's perfume was overwhelming in the cramped apartment, but once we stepped outside the smell dissipated and we could breathe once again.

abjure

Verb: يتبرأ - يتنكر - verb: formally reject or give up (as a belief) While the church believed that Galileo abjured the heliocentric theory under threat of torture, he later wrote a book clearly supporting the theory.

ferret

Verb: يتحري - verb: to search for something persistently Ever the resourceful lexicographer, Fenton was able to ferret out the word origin of highly obscure words.

bemoan

Verb: يتحسر - verb: express discontent or a strong regret While the CFO carefully explained all the reasons for the cuts in benefits, after the meeting employees bemoaned the cuts as further evidence that management was against them.

flounder

Verb: يتخبط - يتعثر - verb: behave awkwardly; have difficulties Sylvia has excelled at advanced calculus, but ironically, when she has to deal with taxes, she flounders.

bristle

Verb: يتخذ موقف معاديا - verb: react in an offended or angry manner As we discussed the painting, I noticed the artist's wife bristling at our criticisms, ready to defend her husband's work.

vacillate

Verb: يتذبذب - verb: be undecided about something; waver between conflicting positions or courses of action Some students vacillate between schools when deciding which to attend, while others focus only on one school.

retract

Verb: يتراجع - verb: pull inward or towards a center; formally reject or disavow a formerly held belief, usually under pressure Email is wonderfully efficient, but once something awkward or damaging has been sent, there is no way to retract it.

brook

Verb: يتسامح - يطيق - verb: put up with something or somebody unpleasant While she was at the chalkboard, the teacher did not brook any form of talking--even a tiny peep resulted in afternoon detention.

meander

Verb: يتسكع - verb: to wander aimlessly A casual observer might have thought that Peter was meandering through the city, but that day he was actually seeking out those places where he and his long lost love had once visited.

imbibe

Verb: يتشرب - يستوعب - يمتص - verb: to drink or absorb as if drinking Plato imbibed Socrates' teachings to such an extent that he was able to write volumes of work that he directly attributed, sometimes word for word, to Socrates.

ossify

Verb: يتصلب - يتحجر - verb: make rigid and set into a conventional pattern Even as a young man, Bob had some bias against poor people, but during his years in social services, his bad opinions ossified into unshiftable views.

patronize

Verb: يتعامل بإستعلاء - verb: treat condescendingly She says she genuinely wanted to help me, but instead she patronized me, constantly pointing out how I was inferior to her.

dovetail

Verb: يتعشَق - verb: fit together tightly, as if by means of an interlocking joint Although Darwin's evolution and Mendel's genetics were developed in isolation from one another, they dovetail very well. -

avert

Verb: يتفادي - يودي وشه الناحيه التانيه - verb: turn away Afraid to see the aftermath of the car crash, I averted my eyes as we drove by. verb: ward off or prevent The struggling video game company put all of its finances into one final, desperate project to avert bankruptcy

deign

Verb: يتفضل - يتنازل - verb: do something that one considers to be below one's dignity The master of the house never deigned to answer questions from the servants.

elude

Verb: يتملص - verb: escape understanding While some physics concepts might elude newbies, with a little grit and a good teacher, almost anyone can develop a deep understanding of the subject.

cede

Verb: يتنازل - يتخلي - verb: relinquish possession or control over Eventually, all parents must cede control of their growing childrens' educations and allow their offspring some autonomy.

plod

Verb: يتهادي - يتثاقل - adjective: (of movement) slow and laborious Charlie may seem to run at a plodding pace, but he is an ultramarathoner, meaning he runs distances of up to 100 miles, and can run for ten hours at a stretch.

equivocate

Verb: يتهرب بالكلام - verb: to speak vaguely, usually with the intention to mislead or deceive After Sharon brought the car home an hour after her curfew, she equivocated when her parents pointedly asked her where she had been.

edify

Verb: يثقف - adjective: enlightening or uplifting so as to encourage intellectual or moral improvement I recently read an article in the Times about whether good literature is edifying or not; specifically, does reading more make a person more moral.

encumber

Verb: يثقل - يعيق - verb: hold back The costume encumbered all my movements and caused me to sweat profusely.

deter

Verb: يثني - يعيق - verb: turn away from by persuasion His mother tried to deter him from joining the army, but he was too intoxicated with the idea of war to listen. verb: try to prevent; show opposition to The government's primary job should involve deterring paths to war, not finding ways to start them.

lacerate

Verb: يجرح - verb: deeply hurt the feelings of; distress The teacher was fired for lacerating a student who wrote a poor essay.

glean

Verb: يجمع - يلتقط - verb: collect information bit by bit Herb has given us no formal statement about his background, but from various hints, I have gleaned that he grew up in difficult circumstances.

besiege

Verb: يحاصر - verb: harass, as with questions or requests; cause to feel distressed or worried After discovering a priceless artifact in her backyard, Jane was besieged by phone calls, emails, and reporters all trying to buy, hold or see the rare piece of history.

thwart

Verb: يحبط - verb: hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of I wanted to spend a week in New York this autumn, but the high costs of travel and lodging thwarted my plans.

stultify

Verb: يحبط طاقه شخص بسبب الروتين - verb: cause one, through routine, to lose energy and enthusiasm As an undergraduate Mark felt stultified by classes outside his area of study; only in grad school, in which he could focus solely on literary analysis, did he regain his scholarly edge.

remonstrate

Verb: يحتج - يعترض - verb: to make objections while pleading The mothers of the kidnapped victims remonstrated to the rogue government to release their children, claiming that the detention violated human rights.

fete

Verb: يحتفل بـ - يكرم - verb: to celebrate a person After World War II, war heroes were feted at first but quickly forgotten.

lionize

Verb: يحتفي - verb: assign great social importance to Students in the U.S. learn to lionize Jefferson, Franklin, and Washington because they are the founding fathers of the nation.

stem

Verb: يحجز التيار - verb: to hold back or limit the flow or growth of something To stem the tide of applications, the prestigious Ivy requires that each applicant score at least 330 on the Revised GRE.

admonish

Verb: يحذر بشده - verb: to warn strongly, even to the point of reprimanding Before the concert began, security personnel admonished the crowd not to come up on stage during the performance.

begrudge

Verb: يحسد - يضن علي - verb: to envy someone for possessing or enjoying something Sitting all alone in his room, Harvey begrudged the happiness of the other children playing outside his window. verb: to give reluctantly We never begrudge money spent on ourselves.

degrade

Verb: يحط من قدر - verb: reduce in worth or character, usually verbally Jesse had mockingly pointed out all of Nancy's faults in front of their friends, publicly degrading the poor girl.

debase

Verb: يحط من قدر - verb: reduce the quality or value of something The third-rate script so debased the film that not even the flawless acting could save it from being a flop.

demean

Verb: يحط من قدر - verb: to insult; to cause someone to lose dignity or respect At first the soccer players bantered back and forth, but as soon as one of the players became demeaning, calling the other's mother a water buffalo, the ref whipped out a red card.

transmute

Verb: يحول - verb: change or alter in form, appearance, or nature One of the goals of alchemy was to find the substance or process that would transmute lead into gold.

immure

Verb: يحيط بأسوار - verb: to enclose, usually in walls The modern supermarket experience makes many feel claustrophobic, as they are immured in walls upon walls of products.

hail

Verb: يحيي - verb: enthusiastically acclaim or celebrate something Many college superstar athletes are hailed as the next big thing, but then flop at the professional level.

hoodwink

Verb: يخدع - verb: to deceive or trick someone Someone tried to hoodwink Marty with an email telling him that his uncle had just passed away, and to collect the inheritance he should send his credit card information.

misattribute

Verb: يخطيء في العزو verb: To erroneously attribute; to falsely ascribe; used especially of authorship. I made a mistake; I misattributed "Crime and Punishment" to Leo Tolstoy when it was actually written by Fyodor Dostoyevsky.

perpetuate

Verb: يخلد - verb: cause to continue If you do not let him do things for himself, you are merely perpetuating bad habits that will be even harder to break in the future.

conflate

Verb: يخلط أفكار .. مفاهيم .. أو ماشابه - verb: mix together different elements or concepts In her recent book, the author conflates several genres--the detective story, the teen thriller, and the vampire romance--to create a memorable read.

exhort

Verb: يخلي شخص يعمل حاجه - verb: to strongly urge on; encourage Nelson's parents exhorted him to study medicine, urging him to choose a respectable profession; intransigent, Nelson left home to become a graffiti artist.

inure

Verb: يخليه يتعود - يخليه يتأقلم - verb: to make accustomed to something unpleasant Three years of Manhattan living has inured her to the sound of wailing sirens; she could probably sleep through the apocalypse.

advocate

Verb: يدافع - يؤيد - يناصر - verb: speak, plead, or argue in favor of While the senator privately approved of gay marriage, he was unwilling to advocate for the cause in a public venue. noun: a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea Martin Luther King Jr. was a tireless advocate for the rights of African-Americans in the United States.

machinate

Verb: يدبر مكيده - يدبر مؤامره - verb: engage in plotting or enter into a conspiracy, swear together The rebels met at night in an abandoned barn to machinate.

buttress

Verb: يدعم - verb: make stronger or defensible China's economy has been buttressed by a global demand for the electronic parts the country manufactures.

bolster

Verb: يدعم - verb: support and strengthen The case for the suspect's innocence was bolstered considerably by the fact that neither fingerprints nor DNA were found at the scene.

corroborate

Verb: يدعم - يعزز - verb: to confirm or lend support to (usually an idea or claim) Her claim that frog populations were falling precipitously in Central America was corroborated by locals, who reported that many species of frogs had seemingly vanished overnight.

arrogate

Verb: يدعي بغير الحق - verb: seize and control without authority Arriving at the small town, the outlaw arrogated the privileges of a lord, asking the frightened citizens to provide food, drink, and entertainment.

cosset

Verb: يدلع بزياده - verb: treat with excessive indulgence The king and queen cosseted the young prince, giving him a prized miniature pony for his fifth birthday.

desecrate

Verb: يدنس - ينتهك قدسيه - verb: to willfully violate or destroy a sacred place After desecrating the pharaoh's tomb, the archaeologist soon fell victim to a horrible illness.

objurgate

Verb: يدين بشده - يوبخ - verb: express strong disapproval of The manager spent an hour objurgating the employee in the hopes that he would not make these mistakes again.

flag

Verb: يذبل - يتدلي - verb: droop, sink, or settle from or as if from pressure or loss of tautness; become less intense After the three crushing defeats in the last three games, the team's enthusiasm began to flag.

repudiate

Verb: يرفض الاعتراف - ينكر - يتبرأ - يجحد - verb: reject as untrue or unfounded Many in the public believed the rumors of a UFO crash outside town, so the chief of police did everything he could to repudiate the rumors.

spurn

Verb: يرفض بإزدراء - verb: reject with contempt She spurned all his flattery and proposals, and so he walked off embarrassed and sad.

embellish

Verb: يزخرف - ينمق - verb: make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.; make more beautiful McCartney would write relatively straightforward lyrics, and Lennon would embellish them with puns and poetic images.

burgeon

Verb: يزدهر - verb: grow and flourish China's housing market is burgeoning, but some predict that the growth is merely a bubble and will burst much like the U.S. real estate bubble of 2008.

defray

Verb: يساعد في تحمل النفقات - verb: to help pay the cost of, either in part or full In order for Sean to attend the prestigious college, his generous uncle helped defray the excessive tuition with a monthly donation.

preempt

Verb: يسبق - verb: take the place of or have precedence over A governmental warning about an imminent terrorist attack would preempt ordinary network programming on television.

elicit

Verb: يستخرج - يستنبط - verb: call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses) Just smiling--even if you are depressed--can elicit feelings of pleasure and happiness.

placate

Verb: يسترضي - verb: cause to be more favorably inclined; gain the good will of I was able to placate the angry mob of students by promising to bring cookies on Monday

concilliate

Verb: يسترضي - verb: to make peace with His opponents believed his gesture to be conciliatory, yet as soon as they put down their weapons, he unsheathed a hidden sword.

propitiate

Verb: يسترضي - verb: to placate or appease The two sons, plying their angry father with cheesy neckties for Christmas, were hardly able to propitiate him - the father already had a drawer full of ones he had never worn before or ever planned to.

extrapolate

Verb: يستقرأ - verb: draw from specific cases for more general cases By extrapolating from the data on the past three months, we can predict a 5% increase in traffic to our website.

appropriate

Verb: يستولي Verb: يخصص - verb: to give or take something by force The government appropriated land that was occupied by squatters, sending them scurrying for another place to live. verb: to allocate The committee appropriated the funds to its various members.

squelch

Verb: يسحق - verb: suppress or crush completely After the dictator consolidated his power, he took steps to squelch all criticism, often arresting any journalist who said anything that could be interpreted as negative about his regime.

deride

Verb: يسخر - verb: treat or speak of with contempt The nun derided the students for trying to sneak insects and worms into the classroom.

devolve

Verb: يسند للي تحته - verb: pass on or delegate to another The company was full of managers known for devolving tasks to lower management, but never doing much work themselves. verb: grow worse (usually "devolve into") The dialogue between the two academics devolved into a downright bitter argument.

prevail

Verb: يسود - verb: be widespread in a particular area at a particular time; be current: During the labor negotiations, an air of hostility prevailed in the office. verb: prove superior Before the cricket match, Australia was heavily favored, but India prevailed.

misconstrue

Verb: يسيء الفهم أو التفسير - verb: interpret in the wrong way The politician never trusted journalists because he thought that they would misconstrue his words and misrepresent his positions.

pine

Verb: يشتاق - verb: to yearn for Standing forlornly by the window, she pined for her lost love.

prillory

Verb: يشهر - verb: ridicule or expose to public scorn After the candidate confessed, the press of the opposing party took the opportunity to pillory him, printing editorials with the most blatantly exaggerated accusations.

denigrate

Verb: يشوه سمعه - verb: charge falsely or with malicious intent; attack the good name and reputation of someone Count Rumford denigrated the new theory of heat, demonstrating that it was wholly inadequate to explain the observations.

sanction

Verb: يصادق - Noun: عقوبه - verb: give authority or permission to The authorities have sanctioned the use of the wilderness reserve for public use; many expect to see hikers and campers enjoying the park in the coming months. noun: a legal penalty for a forbidden action International sanctions have been placed on certain shipping lanes that were thought to be involved in human trafficking.

snub

Verb: يصد بإزدراء - verb: refuse to acknowledge; reject outright and bluntly Wheeler was completely qualified for the committee, but the board snubbed him, choosing an obviously lesser qualified candidate instead.

languish

Verb: يضعف - يذبل - verb: become feeble Stranded in the wilderness for four days, the hiker languished, eating protein bars and nuts.

attenuate

Verb: يضعف - يوهن - verb: to weaken (in terms of intensity); to taper off/become thinner. Her animosity towards Bob attenuated over the years, and she even went so far as to invite him to her party.

hound

Verb: يطارد - verb: to pursue relentlessly An implacable foe of corruption, Eliot Ness hounded out graft in all forms—he even helped nab Al Capone.

dog

Verb: يطارد - verb: to pursue relentlessly; to hound Throughout his life, he was dogged by insecurities that inhibited personal growth.

grovel

Verb: يطاطي - يخضع - verb: show submission or fear Every time Susan comes to the office, Frank grovels as if she were about to fire him.

kowtow

Verb: يطاطي بعبوديه - يخضع - verb: to bow or act in a subservient manner Paul kowtowed to his boss so often the boss herself became nauseated by his sycophancy.

banish

Verb: يطرد - يبعد - verb: expel from a community, residence, or location; drive away The most difficult part of the fast was banishing thoughts of food

reproach

Verb: يعاتب - verb: to express criticism towards At first, Sarah was going to yell at the boy, but she didn't want to reproach him for telling the truth about the situation.

hamstrung

Verb: يعجز - verb: made ineffective or powerless The FBI has made so many restrictions on the local police that they are absolutely hamstrung, unable to accomplish anything.

impute

Verb: يعزو - ينسب إلي - verb: attribute (responsibility or fault) to something He imputed his subpar performance on the test to a combination of stress and poor sleep.

promulgate

Verb: يعلن - يذيع - verb: state or announce The President wanted to promulgate the success of the treaty negotiations, but he had to wait until Congress formally approved the agreement.

recrudesce

Verb: يعود من جديد - ينشط من جديد - He was able to see a protest recrudescing

carp

Verb: يعيب - noun: persistently petty and unjustified criticism What seemed like incessant nagging and carping about my behavior from my mother turned out to be wise and useful advice that has served me well.

impede

Verb: يعيق - verb: be a hindrance or obstacle to Since the police sergeant had to train the pair of new hires, progress in his own case was impeded.

stymie

Verb: يعيق - verb: hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of The engineers found their plans stymied at every turn and were ultimately able to make almost no progress on the project.

hobble

Verb: يعيق - verb: to hold back the progress of something Bad weather has hobbled rescue efforts, making it difficult for crews to find bodies in the wreckage.

mulct

Verb: يغرم - verb: to defraud or swindle The so-called magical diet cure simply ended up mulcting Maria out of hundreds of dollars, but did nothing for her weight.

incense

Verb: يغضب - verb: make furious When Herb bought football tickets for a game on the day of their wedding anniversary, Jill was incensed.

inundate

Verb: يغمر - verb: to flood or overwhelm The newsroom was inundated with false reports that only made it more difficult for the newscasters to provide an objective account of the bank robbery.

proselytize

Verb: يغير أو يحاول تغيير معتقد أو فلسفه شخص ما - verb: convert (someone) to another religion, philosophy, or perspective Lisa loves her Mac but says little about it; by contrast, Jake will proselytize, interrogating anyone with an Android about why she didn't purchase an iPhone.

posit

Verb: يفترض - verb: assume as fact Initially, Einstein posited a repulsive force to balance Gravity, but then rejected that idea as a blunder.

beg

Verb: يفترض جدلا - verb: assume something is true (usu. followed by "the question", meaning that you ask a question in which you assume something that hasn't been proven true) By assuming that Charlie was headed to college—which he was not—Maggie begged the question when she asked him to which school he was headed in the Fall.

mesmerize

Verb: يفتن - يأسر - verb: to spellbind or enthrall The plot and the characters were so well developed that many viewers were mesmerized, unable to move their eyes from the screen for even a single second.

abrogate

Verb: يفسخ - يبطل - verb: revoke or relinquish formally; do away with As part of the agreement between the labor union and the company, the workers abrogated their right to strike for four years in exchange for better health insurance.

debunk

Verb: يفضح زيف شيء ما - verb: expose as false ideas and claims, especially while ridiculing Richard Dawkins tries to debunk religious belief, but his ridicule tends to push people away from his points rather than convince them.

impugn

Verb: يفند - يكذب - verb: attack as false or wrong Though many initially tried to impugn Darwin's theory, in scientific circles today, the idea is taken as truth.

champion

Verb: يقاتل من اجل هدف - verb: to fight for a cause Martin Luther King Jr. championed civil rights fiercely throughout his short life.

buck

Verb: يقاوم - verb: resist The profits at our firm bucked the general downturn that affected the real estate industry.

vituperate

Verb: يقدح - يذم بقسوه - verb: to criticize harshly; to berate Jason had dealt with disciplinarians before, but nothing prepared him for the first week of boot camp, as drill sergeants vituperated him for petty oversights such as forgetting to double knot the laces on his boots.

peruse

Verb: يقرأ بتمعن - verb: to read very carefully Instead of perusing important documents, people all too often rush to the bottom of the page and plaster their signatures at the bottom.

belittle

Verb: يقلل من شأن - verb: lessen the importance, dignity, or reputation of A good teacher will never belittle his students, but will instead empower them.

guffaw

Verb: يقهقه - verb: laugh boisterously Whenever the jester fell to the ground in mock pain, the king guffawed, exposing his yellow, fang-like teeth.

capitulate

Verb: يكف عن المقاومه - يستسلم - verb: to surrender (usually under agreed conditions) Paul, losing 19-0 in a ping-pong match against his nimble friend, basically capitulated when he played the last two points with his eyes closed.

coalesce

Verb: يلتئم - يلتحم - verb: fuse or cause to grow together Over time, the various tribes coalesced into a single common culture with one universal language.

palaver

Verb: يلغو - verb: speak (about unimportant matters) rapidly and incessantly During the rain delay, many who had come to see the game palavered, probably hoping that idle chatter would make the time go by faster.

countermand

Verb: يلغي أمر - يفسخ - يبطل - verb: a contrary command cancelling or reversing a previous command By the time the colonel countermanded his soldiers not to land in enemy territory, a few helicopters had already touched down amid heavy gunfire.

besmirch

Verb: يلوث سمعه - يلطخ السمعه - verb: damage the good name and reputation of someone The prince's distasteful choice of words besmirched not only his own name but also the reputation of the entire royal family.

exalt

Verb: يمجد - verb: praise or glorify The teenagers exalted the rock star, covering their bedrooms with posters of him.

expunge

Verb: يمحو بالكليه - verb: to eliminate completely When I turned 18, all of the shoplifting and jaywalking charges were expunged from my criminal record.

afford

Verb: يمنح - يعطي - verb: provide with an opportunity The summit of Mt. Kilimanjaro affords a panoramic view that encompasses both Tanzania and Kenya.

proscribe

Verb: يمنع - يحرم - verb: command against My doctor proscribed my habit of eating donuts with chocolate sauce and hamburger patties for breakfast.

disenfranchise

Verb: يمنع حق الانتخاب من - verb: deprive of voting rights The U.S. Constitution disenfranchised women until 1920 when they were given the right to vote.

quail

Verb: ينزوي - يجبن - verb: draw back, as with fear or pain Craig always claimed to be a fearless outdoorsman, but when the thunderstorm engulfed the valley, he quailed at the thought of leaving the safety of his cabin.

disseminate

Verb: ينشر فكره أو طريقه معينه - verb: cause to become widely known Before the effects of anesthesia were disseminated, patients had to experience the full pain of a surgery.

ostracize

Verb: ينفي - verb: exclude from a community or group Later in his life, Leo Tolstoy was ostracized from the Russian Orthodox Church for his writings that contradicted church doctrine.

expurgate

Verb: ينقح - verb: to remove objectionable material The censor expurgated every reference to sex and drugs, converting the rapper's raunchy flow into a series of bleeps.

bowdlerize

Verb: ينقح - يهذب - verb: edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate To receive an R rating, the entire movie was bowdlerized because it contained so much violence and grotesque subject matter.

assail

Verb: يهاجم - verb: attack in speech or writing In the weekly paper, the editor assailed the governor for wasting hundreds of thousands of dollars in public projects that quickly failed.

lampoon

Verb: يهجو - verb: ridicule with satire Mark Twain understood that lampooning a bad idea with humor was the most effective criticism.

assuage

Verb: يهدأ - يسكن - verb: make something intense less severe Her fear that the new college would be filled with unknown faces was assuaged when she recognized her childhood friend standing in line.

rebuke

Verb: يوبخ - يعنف - verb: criticize severely or angrily; censure The police chief rebuked the two officers whose irresponsible decisions almost led to the deaths of seven innocent by-standers.

indict

Verb: يوجه الاتهام بشكل رسمي - verb: to formally charge or accuse of wrong-doing The bankrobber was indicted on several major charges, including possession of a firearm.

resolve

Verb: يوصل لإستنتاج بعد مداوله - verb: reach a conclusion after a discussion or deliberation After much thought, Ted resolved not to travel abroad this summer because he didn't have much money in his bank account.

reconcile

Verb: يوفق بين - verb: make (one thing) compatible with (another) Peggy was unable to reconcile her kind friend Jane with the cruel and merciless character Jane played on television.

foment

Verb: يولب الرأي العام - After having his pay cut, Phil spread vicious rumors about his boss, hoping to foment a general feeling of discontent.

internecine

adjective: (of conflict) within a group or organization The guerilla group, which had become so powerful as to own the state police, was finally destroyed by an internecine conflict.

coterminous

adjective: being of equal extent or scope or duration The border of the state is coterminous with geographic limits on travel; the east and north are surrounded by a nearly uncrossable river and the south by a desert.

discreet

adjective: careful to protect one's speech or actions in order to avoid offense or draw attention The professor thought that he was discreet, subtly wiping the stain off of his shirt, but as soon as he stepped off the podium a heckler in the audience burst out, "You missed a spot".

autocratic

adjective: characteristic of an absolute ruler or absolute rule; having absolute sovereignty The last true autocratic country is certainly North Korea; nowhere does a leader exercise the absolute control over all aspects of a people the way that Kim Jong-un does. adjective: offensively self-assured or given to exercising usually unwarranted power The manager was finally fired for his autocratic leadership, which often bordered on rude and offensive.

ethereal

adjective: characterized by lightness and insubstantiality Because she dances with an ethereal style, ballet critics have called her Madame Butterfly.

trenchant

adjective: characterized by or full of force and vigor; having keenness and forcefulness and penetration in thought, expression, or intellect Jill presented a rather superficial treatment of sales in Asia, but her trenchant analysis of sales in Europe inspired a number of insights into how to proceed in that market.

expansive

adjective: communicative, and prone to talking in a sociable manner After a few sips of cognac, the octogenarian shed his irascible demeanor and became expansive, speaking fondly of the "good old days".

eclectic

adjective: comprised of a variety of styles Joey was known for his eclectic tastes in music, one moment dancing to disco the next "air conducting" along to Beethoven's 9th symphony

aesthetic

adjective: concerned with the appreciation of beauty The director, not known for his aesthetic sensibilities, decided not to use costumes at all, and put on the play in everyday clothing. noun: a set of principles underlying and guiding the work of a particular artist or artistic movement. The artist operated according to a peculiar aesthetic, not considering any photograph to be worth publishing unless it contained a marine mammal.

pithy

adjective: concise and full of meaning I enjoy reading the Daodejing for its pithy and insightful prose; it always gives me something to think about.

stalwart

adjective: dependable; inured to fatigue or hardships Despite all the criticism directed at the President during this scandal, Lisa has remained his stalwart supporter.

pyrrhic

adjective: describing a victory that comes at such a great cost that the victory is not worthwhile George W. Bush's win in the 2000 election was in many ways a pyrrhic victory: the circumstances of his win alienated half of the U.S. population.

artful

adjective: exhibiting artistic skill Picasso is generally considered the most artful member of the Cubist movement. adjective: clever in a cunning way Bernie Madoff's artful Ponzi scheme stole billions of dollars from investors and is considered the largest financial fraud in U.S. history.

derogative

adjective: expressed as worthless or in negative terms Never before have we seen a debate between two political candidates that was so derogative and filthy.

inflammatory

adjective: extremely controversial, incendiary It only takes one person to leave an inflammatory comment on an Internet thread for that thread to blow up into pages upon pages of reader indignation.

pragmatic

adjective: guided by practical experience and observation rather than theory Rather than make a philosophical appeal to the Congressmen, the Speaker decided to take a far more pragmatic approach, making small side-deals that would add votes to his bill.

vaunted

adjective: highly or widely praised or boasted about For years, they had heard of New York City's vaunted skyline, and when they finally saw it, the spectacular cityscape did not disappoint them in the least.

ribald

adjective: humorously vulgar The speaker was famous for his ribald humor, but the high school principal asked him to keep the talk G-rated when he spoke to the student body.

infelicitous

adjective: inappropriate During the executive meeting, the marketing director continued to make infelicitous comments about the CEO's gambling habit.

fractious

adjective: irritable and is likely to cause disruption We rarely invite my fractious Uncle over for dinner; he always complains about the food, and usually launches into a tirade on some touchy subject.

wanting

adjective: lacking - She did not think her vocabulary was wanting, yet there were so many words that inevitably she found a few she didn't know.

bumbling

adjective: lacking physical movement skills, especially with the hands Within a week of starting, the bumbling new waiter was unceremoniously fired.

rarefied

adjective: made more subtle or refined Jack's vulgar jokes were not so successful in the rarefied environment of college professors.

avid

adjective: marked by active interest and enthusiasm Martin is an avid birdwatcher, often taking long hikes into remote mountains to see some rare eagle.

rash

adjective: marked by defiant disregard for danger or consequences; imprudently incurring risk Although Bruce was able to make the delivery in time with a nighttime motorcycle ride in the rain, Susan criticized his actions as rash.

chekered

adjective: marked by disreputable or unfortunate happenings One by one, the presidential candidates dropped out of the race, their respective checkered pasts— from embezzlement to infidelity—sabotaging their campaigns.

effervescent

adjective: marked by high spirits or excitement After the sales result, the manager was in an effervescent mood, letting several employees leave work early that day.

furtive

adjective: marked by quiet and caution and secrecy; taking pains to avoid being observed While at work, George and his boss Regina felt the need to be as furtive as possible about their romantic relationship.

immutable

adjective: not able to be changed Taxes are one of the immutable laws of the land, so there is no use arguing about paying them.

mawkish

adjective: overly sentimental to the point that it is disgusting The film was incredibly mawkish, introducing highly likeable characters only to have them succumb to a devastating illness by the end of the movie.

puissant

adjective: powerful Over the years of service, and quite to his surprise, he became a puissant advisor to the community.

choleric

adjective: prone to outbursts of temper; easily angered While a brilliant lecturer, Mr. Dawson came across as choleric and unapproachable—very rarely did students come to his office hours.

grandlioquent

adjective: puffed up with vanity The dictator was known for his grandiloquent speeches, puffing his chest out and using big, important-sounding words.

self-effacing

adjective: reluctant to draw attention to yourself The most admirable teachers and respected leaders are those who are self-effacing, directing attention and praise to their students and workers.

resurgent

adjective: rising again as to new life and vigor The team sank to fourth place in June, but is now resurgent and about to win the division.

analogous

adjective: similar in some respects but otherwise different In many ways, the Internet's transformative effect on society has been analogous to that of the printing press.

mellifluous

adjective: smooth and sweet-sounding Chelsea's grandmother thought Franz Schubert's music to be the most mellifluous ever written; Chelsea demurred, and to her grandmother's chagrin, would blast Rihanna on the home stereo speakers.

muted

adjective: softened, subdued Helen preferred muted earth colors, such as green and brown, to the bright pinks and red her sister liked.

aphoristic

adjective: something that is concise and instructive of a general truth or principle Sometimes I can't stand Nathan because he tries to impress everyone by being aphoristic, but he just states the obvious.

extant

adjective: still in existence (usually refers to documents). Despite many bookstores closing, experts predict that some form of book dealing will still be extant generations from now.

martial

adjective: suggesting war or military life Americans tend to remember Abraham Lincoln as kindly and wise, not at all martial, despite the fact that he was involved in the fiercest war America has even fought.

tawdry

adjective: tastelessly showy; cheap and shoddy Carol expected to find New York City magical, the way so many movies had portrayed it, but she was surprised how often tawdry displays took the place of genuine elegance.

arch

adjective: to be deliberately teasing The baroness was arch, making playful asides to the townspeople; yet because they couldn't pick up on her dry humor, they thought her supercilious.

flush

adjective: to be in abundance The exam's passage is flush with difficult words, words that you may have learned only yesterday.

demure

adjective: to be modest and shy The portrait of her in a simple white blouse was sweet and demure.

sententious

adjective: to be moralizing, usually in a pompous sense The old man, casting his nose up in the air at the group of adolescents, intoned sententiously, "Youth is wasted on the young."

bereft

adjective: unhappy in love; suffering from unrequited love After 64 years of marriage, William was bereft after the death of his wife. adjective: sorrowful through loss or deprivation "You are not bereft if you haven't played on your Xbox in the past week," his mother said.

erratic

adjective: unpredictable; strange and unconventional It came as no surprise to pundits that the President's attempt at re-election floundered; even during his term, support for his policies was erratic, with an approval rating jumping anywhere from 30 to 60 percent.

splentic

adjective: very irritable Ever since the car accident, Frank has been unable to walk without a cane, and so he has become splenetic and unpleasant to be around

artless

adjective: without cunning or deceit Despite the president's seemingly artless speeches, he was a skilled and ruthless negotiator.

leery

adjective: غير واثق علنا - ومش هيثق - adjective: openly distrustful and unwilling to confide Without checking his references and talking to previous employers, I am leery of hiring the candidate.

intimate

intimate verb: to suggest something subtly At first Manfred's teachers intimated to his parents that he was not suited to skip a grade; when his parents protested, teachers explicitly told them that, notwithstanding the boy's precocity, he was simply too immature to jump to the 6th grade.

dissolution

noun: a living full of debauchery and indulgence in sensual pleasure Many Roman emperors were known for their dissolution, indulging in unspeakable desires of the flesh.

chauvinist

noun: a person who believes in the superiority of their group The chauvinist lives on both sides of the political spectrum, outright shunning anybody whose ideas are not consistent with his own.

misogynist

noun: a person who dislikes women in particular Many have accused Hemingway of being a quiet misogynist, but recently unearthed letters argue against this belief.

sybarite

noun: a person who indulges in luxury Despite the fact that he'd maxed out fifteen credit cards, Max was still a sybarite at heart: when the police found him, he was at a $1,000 an hour spa in Manhattan, getting a facial treatment.

atavism

noun: a reappearance of an earlier characteristic; throwback Much of the modern art movement was an atavism to a style of art found only in small villages through Africa and South America.

Simulacrum

noun: a representation of a person (especially in the form of sculpture) The Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Center showcases a simulacrum of all the present and approved buildings in the city of Shanghai. noun: a bad imitation The early days of computer graphics made real people into a simulacrum that now seems comical.

apothegm

noun: a short, pithy instructive saying Winston Churchill is famous for many apothegms, but this might be his most famous: "It has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all the others that have been tried."

solecism

noun: a socially awkward or tactless act Mother Anna was always on guard against any solecism from her children and scolded them immediately if any of them talked out of place in public.

conflagration

noun: a very intense and uncontrolled fire In the summer months, conflagrations are not uncommon in the southwest, due to the heat and lack of rain.

quip

noun: a witty saying or remark In one of the most famous quips about classical music, Mark Twain said: "Wagner's music is better than it sounds." verb: to make a witty remark, to say in jest When an old English teacher criticized Churchill for ending a sentence with a preposition, he quipped, "This is the kind of criticism up with which we will not put!"

litany

noun: any long and tedious account of something Mr. Rogers spoke to a Senate committee and did not give a litany of reasons to keep funding the program, but instead, appealed to the basic human decency of all present.

panache

noun: distinctive and showy elegance Jim, with his typical panache, came to the wedding reception with a top hat and cane.

jingoism

noun: fanatical patriotism North Korea maintains intense control over its population through a combination of jingoism and cult of personality.

raillery

noun: light teasing The new recruit was not bothered by the raillery, finding most of it light-hearted and good-natured.

aesthete

noun: one who professes great sensitivity to the beauty of art and nature A true aesthete, Marty would spend hours at the Guggenheim Museum, staring at the same Picasso.

hubris

noun: overbearing pride or presumption Bill Clinton was criticized for his hubris, since he believed he could get away with anything once in the White House.

gumption

noun: resourcefulness and determination Wallace Stegner lamented the lack of gumption in the U.S. during the sixties, claiming that no young person knew the value of work.

chagrin

noun: strong feelings of embarrassment Much to the timid writer's chagrin, the audience chanted his name until he came back on the stage. verb: cause to feel shame; hurt the pride of She never cared what others said about her appearance but was chagrined by the smallest comment from her mother.

versimilitude

noun: the appearance of truth All bad novels are bad for numerous reasons; all good novels are good for their verisimilitude of reality, placing the readers in a world that resembles the one they know.

malapropism

noun: the confusion of a word with another word that sounds similar Whenever I looked glum, my mother would offer to share "an amusing antidote" with me—an endearing malapropism of "anecdote" that never failed to cheer me up

denouement

noun: the final resolution of the many strands of a literary or dramatic work; the outcome of a complex sequence of events At the denouement of the movie, all questions were answered, and the true identity of the robber was revealed.

dispatch

noun: the property of being prompt and efficient She finished her thesis with dispatch, amazing her advisors who couldn't believe she had written 60 scholarly pages so quickly. verb: dispose of rapidly and without delay and efficiently As soon as the angry peasants stormed the castle, they caught the king and swiftly dispatched him.

altruism

noun: the quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others Albert Schweitzer spent most of his life doing missionary work as a doctor in Africa, seeking no reward, apparently motivated only by altruism.

tout

verb: advertize in strongly positive terms; show off At the conference, the CEO touted the extraordinary success of his company's Research & Development division.

differentiate

verb: be a distinctive feature, attribute, or trait (sometimes in positive sense) Mozart's long melodic lines differentiate his compositions from other works of late 18th century music. verb: evolve so as to lead to a new species or develop in a way most suited to the environment Animals on Madagascar differentiated from other similar animal species due to many years of isolation on the island.

obtain

verb: be valid, applicable, or true The custom of waiting your turn in line does not obtain in some countries, in which many people try to rush to front of the line at the same time.

derive

verb: come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example Many words in the English language are derived from Latin, including the word "derive." verb: reason by deduction; establish by deduction From the multiple set of footprints in the living room, the investigator derived an important clue: Sheila was not alone in the room at the time of the murder.

implicate

verb: convey a meaning; imply By saying that some of the guests were uncomfortable, the manager implicated to the hotel staff that it needed to be more diligent. verb: to indicate in wrongdoing, usually a crime The crime boss was implicated for a long list of crimes, ranging from murder to disturbing the peace.

hector

verb: يتغطرس - يتنمر - verb: to bully or intimidate The boss's hectoring manner put off many employees, some of whom quit as soon as they found new jobs.

construe

verb: interpreted in a particular way The author's inability to take a side on the issue was construed by both his opponents and supporters as a sign of weakness.

tender

verb: offer up something formally The government was loath to tender more money in the fear that it might set off inflation.

truncate

verb: reduce the length of something The soccer game was truncated when the monsoon rain began to fall.

pontificate

verb: talk in a dogmatic and pompous manner The vice-president would often pontificate about economic theory, as if no one else in the room were qualified to speak on the topic.

behoove

verb: to be one's duty or obligation The teacher looked down at the student and said, "It would behoove you to be in class on time and complete your homework, so that you don't repeat freshman English for a third straight year."

execrate

verb: to curse and hiss at Though the new sitcom did decently in the ratings, Nelson railed against the show, saying that it was nothing more than an execrable pastiche of tired clichés and canned laughter.

fawn

verb: يتزلف - يتودد - verb: try to gain favor by extreme flattery The media fawned over the handsome new CEO, praising his impeccable sense of style instead of asking more pointed questions.

gerrymander

verb: to manipulate voting districts in order to favor a particular political party Years ago, savvy politicians had gerrymandered the city center to ensure their re-election.

disabuse

verb: to persuade somebody that his/her belief is not valid As a child, I was quickly disabused of the notion that Santa Claus was a rotund benefactor of infinite largess—one night I saw my mother diligently wrapping presents and storing them under our Christmas tree.

goad

verb: urge on with unpleasant comments Doug did not want to enter the race, but Jim, through a steady stream of taunts, goaded him into signing up for it.

squander

verb: يبدد - verb: spend thoughtlessly; waste time, money, or an opportunity Fearing his money would be squandered by his family, he gave all of it to charity when he died

morph

verb: يتحول - verb: To undergo dramatic change in a seamless and barely noticeable fashion. The earnestness of the daytime talk shows of the 1970's has morphed into something far more sensational and vulgar: today guests actually stand up and threaten to take swings at one another.

maunder

verb: يتكلم أو يتمشي بلا هدف - verb: wander aimlessly Max liked to maunder down by the seaside and pick up whatever sea shells he would stumble upon. verb: speak (about unimportant matters) rapidly and incessantly After drinking two espressos each, the animated couple would maunder loudly, annoying the other patrons in the coffee shop.

vie

verb: يتنافس - verb: compete for something While the other teams in the division actively vie for the championship, this team seems content simply to go through the motions of playing.

connive

verb: يتواطؤ - verb: taking part in immoral and unethical plots With the help of the prince, the queen connived to overthrow the king.

emulate

verb: يحاكي - verb: strive to equal or match, especially by imitating; compete with successfully To really become fluent in a new language, emulate the speech patterns of people who speak the language.

flummox

verb: يحير - verb: be a mystery or bewildering to Mary's behavior completely flummoxes me: I never have any idea what her motivations might be.

cow

verb: يخاف - يروع - verb: to intimidate Do not be cowed by a 3,000-word vocabulary list: turn that list into a deck of flashcards!

finagle

verb: يخدع - verb: achieve something by means of trickery or devious methods Steven was able to finagle one of the last seats on the train by convincing the conductor that his torn stub was actually a valid ticket.

extenuate

verb: يخفف - يلطف - adjective: making less guilty or more forgivable The jury was hardly moved by the man's plea that his loneliness was an extenuating factor in his crime of dognapping a prized pooch.

renege

verb: يرجع في كلامه - verb: fail to fulfill a promise or obligation We will no longer work with that vendor since it has reneged on nearly every agreement

browbeat

verb: يرهب - يخوف - verb: be bossy towards; discourage or frighten with threats or a domineering manner During the interrogation, the suspect was browbeaten into signing a false confession.

perturb

verb: يزعج - يقلق - verb: disturb in mind or cause to be worried or alarmed Now that Henry is recovering from a major illness, he no longer lets the little trivialities, such as late mail, perturb him.

antedate

verb: يسبق زمنيا - verb: precede in time Harry was so unknowledgable that he was unaware the Egyptian pharaohs antedated the American Revolution.

redress

verb: يستدرك - يصلح - noun: an act of making something right Barry's redress for forgetting his wife's birthday two years in a row was surprising her with a trip to Tahiti.

irk

verb: يضايق - يزعج - verb: irritate or vex My little sister has a way of irking and annoying me like no other person.

badger

verb: يضايق بزن - verb: to pester Badgered by his parents to find a job, the 30-year-old loafer instead joined a gang of itinerant musicians.

excruciate

verb: يعذب - adjective: extremely painful After the boulder rolled a couple of feet, pinning my friend's arm, he experienced excruciating pain.

ascribe

verb: يعزو - verb: attribute or credit to History ascribes The Odyssey and The Iliad to Homer, but scholars now debate whether he was a historical figure or a fictitious name.

unnerve

verb: يعصب - verb: to make nervous or upset At one time unnerved by math problems, she began avidly "Magoosh-ing", and soon became adept at even combinations and permutations questions.

hamper

verb: يعيق - verb: prevent the progress or free movement of As the rain water began to collect in pools on the highway, it began to hamper the flow of traffic.

entice

verb: يغري - يغوي - verb: get someone to do something through (often false or exaggerated) promises Harold enticed his wife, Maude, to go on a vacation to Hawaii, with promises of luaus on the beach and all-you-can-eat seafood buffets.

rankle

verb: يغضب - يسبب امتعاض - verb: gnaw into; make resentful or angry His constant whistling would rankle her, sometimes causing her to leave in a huff.

exasperate

verb: يغضب - يسخط - verb: to irritate intensely As a child, I exasperated my mother with strings of never-ending questions.

rile

verb: يغيظ - يغضب - verb: cause annoyance in; disturb, especially by minor irritations Dan is usually calm and balanced, but it takes only one intense glare from Sabrina to rile him.

delegate

verb: يفوض - يسند مهامه لشخص ما - verb: give an assignment to (a person) Since the senior manager had to go on many international business trips, she was forced to delegate many of her responsibilities to two lower-level managers.

eke

verb: يقتصد - يعيش علي القد خالص - verb: To live off meager resources, to scrape by Stranded in a cabin over the winter, Terry was able to eke out an existence on canned food.

consecrate

verb: يقدس - يحيط بهاله - verb: to make holy or set apart for a high purpose At the church of Notre Dame in France, the new High Altar was consecrated in 1182.

importune

verb: يلح باستمرار - يزعج - verb: beg persistently and urgently After weeks of importuning the star to meet for a five-minute interview, the journalist finally got what she wanted.

tarnish

verb: يلطخ - verb: make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically Pete Rose was one of the best baseball players of his generation, but his involvement with gambling on baseball games has tarnished his image in the eyes of many.

incongruous

متضارب - غير متناغم - adjective: lacking in harmony or compatibility or appropriateness The vast economic inequality of modern society is incongruous with America's ideals.

check

verb: يمنع - verb: to limit (usually modifying the growth of something) Deserted for six months, the property began to look more like a jungle and less like a residence—weeds grew unchecked in the front yard noun: the condition of being held back or limited When government abuses are not kept in check, that government is likely to become autocratic.

excoriate

verb: ينتقد بأسلوب شديد جدا - verb: to criticize very harshly Entrusted with the prototype to his company's latest smartphone, Larry, during a late night karaoke bout, let the prototype slip into the hands of a rival company—the next day Larry was excoriated, and then fired.

admonitory

إرشادي - وعظي - adjective: serving to warn; expressing reproof or reproach especially as a corrective At the assembly, the high school vice-principal gave the students an admonitory speech, warning them of the many risks and dangers of prom night.

temperance

إعتدال - noun: the trait of avoiding excesses Welles wasn't known for his temperance--he usually ate enough for two and drank enough for three.

calumny

إفتراء - noun: making of a false statement meant to injure a person's reputation With the presidential primaries well under way, the air is thick with calumny, and the mud already waist-high.

abberation

إنحراف عن المألوف أو المتوقع - noun: a deviation from what is normal or expected - Aberrations in climate have become the norm: rarely a week goes by without some meteorological phenomenon making headlines.

gregarious

اجتماعي - adjective: to be likely to socialize with others Often we think that great leaders are those who are gregarious, always in the middle of a large group of people; yet, as Mahatma Gandhi and many others have shown us, leaders can also be introverted.

culpability

الإحساس بالذنب - noun: a state of guilt Since John had left his banana peel at the top of the stairwell, he accepted culpability for Martha's broken leg.

venality

القابليه للرشوه - الفساد - noun: the condition of being susceptible to bribes or corruption Even some of the most sacred sporting events are not immune to venality, as many of the officials have received substantial bribes to make biased calls.

forlorn

بائس - adjective: marked by or showing hopelessness After her third pet dog died, Marcia was simply forlorn: this time even the possibility of buying a new dog no longer held any joy.

belligerent

بتاع مشاكل وخناقات - adjective: characteristic of one eager to fight Tom said that he was arguing the matter purely for philosophical reasons, but his belligerent tone indicated an underlying anger about the issue

parsimonious

بخيل نتن - adjective: extremely frugal; miserly Katie is so parsimonious that she only buys a pair of socks if all of her other socks have holes in them.

rudimentary

بدائي - في مراحله الاوليه - adjective: being in the earliest stages of development; being or involving basic facts or principles I would love to be able to present a fully polished proposal to the board, but right now, our plans for the product are still in the most rudimentary stages.

guileless

بريء - ساذج - adjective: free of deceit At first I thought my niece was guileless, but I then found myself buying her ice cream every time we passed a shop.

prescience

بصيره - فراسه - noun: the power to foresee the future Baxter's warnings about investing in technology stocks seemed like an act of prescience after the whole market declined significantly.

didactic

تعليمي - معد للتعليم - adjective: instructive (especially excessively) Tolstoy's The Death of Ivan Ilyich is a didactic novel, instructing the reader on how to live a good life.

audacious

جريء - adjective: willing to be bold in social situations or to take risks As all of the other campers cowered in their tents, Bill, armed only with a flashlight, audaciously tracked down the bear that had raided their food

conspicuous

جلي - adjective: without any attempt at concealment; completely obvious American basketball players are always conspicuous when they go abroad--not only are they American, but some are over seven feet tall.

incisive

حاد الذهن - ثاقب - adjective: having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions The lawyer had an incisive mind, able in a flash to dissect a hopelessly tangled issue and isolate the essential laws at play.

acrimony

حده - noun: bitterness and ill will The acrimony between the president and vice-president sent a clear signal to voters: the health of the current administration was imperiled.

insidious

خبيث - adjective: working in a subtle but destructive way Plaque is insidious: we cannot see it, but each day it eats away at our enamel, causing cavities and other dental problems.

diffident

خجول - عارف قدراته - كاشش - adjective: showing modest reserve; lacking self-confidence As a young girl she was diffident and reserved, but now as an adult, she is confident and assertive.

harangue

خطبه مسهبه عنيفه - noun: a long pompous speech; a tirade Dinner at Billy's was more a punishment than a reward, since anyone who sat at the dinner table would have to listen to Billy's father's interminable harangues against the government. verb: to deliver a long pompous speech or tirade Tired of his parents haranguing him about his laziness and lack of initiative, Tyler finally moved out of home at the age of thirty-five.

amalgam

خليط - noun: a mixture of multiple things The band's music was an amalgam of hip-hop, flamenco and jazz, blending the three styles with surprising results

prefidy

خيانه - noun: an act of deliberate betrayal; a breach of a trust Sure, he was the best salesman in the company; but Michael had abused the trust of the firm, sharing product secrets with a competitor, and for such perfidy he was terminated

dogmatic

دوغمائي - adjective: highly opinionated, not accepting that one's own beliefs may not be correct Bryan is dogmatic in his belief that the earth is flat, claiming that all pictures of a spherical earth are computer generated.

entrenched

راسخ - adjective: fixed firmly or securely By the time we reach 60-years old, most of our habits are so entrenched that it is difficult for us to change.

gossamer

رقيق - هش - adjective: characterized by unusual lightness and delicacy The gossamer wings of a butterfly, which allow it to fly, are also a curse, so delicate that they are often damaged.

rustic

ريفي - adjective: characteristic of rural life; awkwardly simple and provincial The vacation cabin had no electricity and no indoor plumbing, but despite these inconveniences, Nigel adored its rustic charm

bucolic

ريفي - adjective: relating to the pleasant aspects of the country The noble families of England once owned vast expanses of beautiful, bucolic land

ascetic

زاهد - adjective: practicing self-denial His ascetic life is the main reason he inspired so many followers, especially since he gave up wealth and power to live in poverty. noun: one who practices great self-denial Historically, ascetics like Gandhi are often considered wise men partially because of their restraint.

precocious

سابق سنه - adjective: characterized by or characteristic of exceptionally early development or maturity (especially in mental aptitude) Though only seven years old, she was a precocious chess prodigy, able to beat players twice her age.

dissaffected

ساخط تجاه سلطه ما - adjective: discontented as toward authority After watching his superior take rations from the soldiers, he quickly became disaffected and rebelled.

ingenuous

ساذج - adjective: to be naïve and innocent Two-years in Manhattan had changed Jenna from an ingenuous girl from the suburbs to a jaded urbanite, unlikely to fall for any ruse, regardless of how elaborate.

torpor

سبات - noun: inactivity resulting from lethargy and lack of vigor or energy After work, I was expecting my colleagues to be enthusiastic about the outing, but I found them in a state of complete torpor

ephemeral

سريع الزوال - عارض - adjective: lasting a very short time The lifespan of a mayfly is ephemeral, lasting from a few hours to a couple of days.

gall

سفاهه - حماقه - noun: the trait of being rude and impertinent The speeding car had the gall to switch five lanes at once, run through a red light, and then cut off a police car before finally coming to a stop in front of a sea of flashing red lights. noun: feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will In an act of gall, Leah sent compromising photos of her ex-boyfriend to all his co-workers and professional contacts.

amenable

سهل الانقياد - adjective: easily persuaded Even though she did not like the outdoors, Shirley was generally amenable and so her brother was able to persuade her to go camping

querulous

شكاء - adjective: habitually complaining The querulous old woman was beginning to wear down even the happier members of the staff with her ceaseless complaining.

magnanimous

شهم - رحب الصدر - adjective: noble and generous in spirit, especially towards a rival or someone less powerful He was a great sportsman: in defeat he was complimentary and in victory he was magnanimous.

platitude

شيء مبتذل أو بديهي - noun: a trite or obvious remark The professor argued that many statements regarded as wise in previous times, such as the Golden Rule, are now regarded as mere platitudes.

vociferous

صاخب - adjective: conspicuously and offensively loud; given to vehement outcry In giving Marcia a particular vociferous response, Paul caused people at every other table in the restaurant to turn around and look at them angrily.

veracious

صدوق - adjective: truthful - While we elect our leaders in the hope that every word they speak will be veracious, history has shown that such a hope is naive.

abstruse

صعب الفهم - عويص - adjective: difficult to understand; incomprehensible Physics textbooks can seem so abstruse to the uninitiated that readers feel as though they are looking at hieroglyphics

refractory

صعب المراس - عنيد - Used to studious high school students, Martha was unprepared for the refractory Kindergarteners who neither sat still nor listened to a single word she said.

parochial

ضيق الأفق - adjective: narrowly restricted in scope or outlook - Jasmine was sad to admit it, but her fledgling relationship with Jacob did not work out because his culinary tastes were simply too parochial; "After all," she quipped on her blog, "he considered Chef Boyardee ethnic food."

volubility

طلاقه - noun: the quality of talking or writing easily and continuously The professor's volubility knows no bounds; he could talk through a hurricane and elaborate a point from one St. Patrick's Day to the next.

apathy

عدم اكتراث - لا مبالاه - noun: an absence of emotion or enthusiasm Widespread apathy among voters led to a very small turnout on election day.

amorphous

عديم الشكل - adjective: shapeless His study plan for the GRE was at best amorphous; he would do questions from random pages in any one of seven test prep books

fortuitous

عرضي - تصادفي - adjective: occurring by happy chance; having no cause or apparent cause Though Maria's neighbor Ernie "bumped into" her at the Farmer's Market, the encounter wasn't nearly as fortuitous as Maria was led to believe: Ernie desperately wanted to ask Maria out on a date and had been following her about town.

implacable

علي طول غضبان - لا يمكن تهدئته - adjective: incapable of making less angry or hostile Win or lose, the coach was always implacable, never giving the athletes an easy practice or a break.

tenacious

عنيد - adjective: stubbornly unyielding Even the most tenacious advocates for gun ownership must admit some of the dangers that firearms present.

intransigent

عنيد - مش هيغير رأيه - adjective: unwilling to change one's beliefs or course of action Despite many calls for mercy, the judge remained intransigent, citing strict legal precedence.

vehement

عنيف - adjective: marked by extreme intensity of emotions or convictions While the other employees responded to the bad news in a measured way, Andrew responded in a vehement manner, tipping over his desk and shouting at the top of his lungs.

recondite

عويص - adjective: difficult to penetrate; incomprehensible to one of ordinary understanding or knowledge I found Ulysses recondite and never finished the book, waiting instead to read it with someone else so we could penetrate its meaning together.

treacherous

غادر - adjective: tending to betray Even though Jesse James was an outlaw, his killer, Robert Ford, is remembered more for his treacherous actions than for eliminating a criminal and murderer. adjective: dangerously unstable and unpredictable The bridge built from twine and vine is treacherous to walk across, and so I think I will stay put right here.

opaque

غامض - عويص - adjective: not clearly understood or expressed The meaning of the professor's new research was opaque to most people, so no one asked any questions.

copious

غزير - وافر - adjective: in abundant supply In midsummer, there are copious popsicle stands at the beach; in the winter, there are none.

disinterested

غير متحيز - adjective: unbiased; neutral The potential juror knew the defendant, and therefore could not serve on the jury, which must consist only of disinterested members.

apathetic

غير مكترث - adjective: marked by a lack of interest Mr. Thompson was so talented at teaching math that even normally apathetic students took interest.

languid

فاتر الهمه - adjective: not inclined towards physical exertion or effort; slow and relaxed As the sun beat down and the temperature climbed higher, we spent a languid week lying around the house.

egregious

فعل فاضح - adjective: standing out in a negative way; shockingly bad The dictator's abuse of human rights was so egregious that many world leaders demanded that he be tried in an international court for genocide.

myopic

قصير النظر - adjective: lacking foresight or imagination The company ultimately went out of business because the myopic managers couldn't predict the changes in their industry.

superfulous

كمالي - ملهوش لازمه - adjective: serving no useful purpose How can we hope to stay open if we don't eliminate all superfluous spending, like catered meetings and free acupuncture Tuesday? adjective: more than is needed, desired, or required The third paragraph in your essay is superfluous and can be deleted

inexorable

لا يمكن إيقافه - adjective: impossible to stop or prevent The rise of the computer was an inexorable shift in technology and culture.

incorrigible

لا يمكن تقويمه - adjective: impervious to correction by punishment Tom Sawyer seems like an incorrigible youth until Huck Finn enters the novel; even Sawyer can't match his fierce individual spirit.

decorous

لائق - adjective: characterized by good taste in manners and conduct Sally's parties are decorous affairs, and instead of the usual beer and music, there is tea and intellectual conversation.

acerbic

لاذع - adjective: harsh in tone Most movie critics are acerbic towards summer blockbusters, often referring to them as garbage.

frivolous

لُعبي - adjective: not serious in content or attitude or behavior Compared to Juliet's passionate concern for human rights, Jake's non-stop concern about football seems somewhat frivolous

banal

مبتذل - adjective: repeated too often; overfamiliar through overuse The professor used such banal expression that many students in the class either fell asleep from boredom or stayed awake to complete his sentences and humor friends.

jubilant

مبتهج - متهلل - adjective: full of high-spirited delight because of triumph or success My hardwork paid off, and I was jubilant to receive a perfect score on the GRE.

profligate

مبذر - مسرف - adjective: spending resources recklessly or wastefully The composer Wagner, while living on a limited salary, was so profligate as to line all the walls of his apartment with pure silk.

cryptic

مبهم - adjective: mysterious or vague, usually intentionally Since Sarah did not want her husband to guess the Christmas present she had bought him, she only answered cryptically when he would ask her questions about it.

equivocal

مبهم - غامض - adjective: confusing or ambiguous - The findings of the study were equivocal—the two researchers had different opinions on what the results signified.

itinerant

متجول - متنقل - adjective: traveling from place to place to work Doctors used to be itinerant, traveling between patients' homes.

reticent

متحفظ - adjective: disinclined to talk, not revealing one's thoughts When asked about her father, Helen lost her outward enthusiasm and became rather reticent.

ambivalent

متردد - adjective: mixed or conflicting emotions about something Sam was ambivalent about studying for the exam because doing so ate up a lot of his time, yet he was able to improve his analytical skills.

tortuous

متعرج - ملتو - adjective: marked by repeated turns and bends; not straightforward Because the logic behind McMahon's side of the debate was so tortuous, his audience came out either completely confused or, worse, feeling they'd been tricked.

adamant

متعنت - adjective: refusing to change one's mind Civil rights icon Rosa Parks will forever be remembered for adamantly refusing to give up her seat on a public bus--even after the bus driver insisted, she remained rooted in place.

haughty

متغطرس - مغرور - adjective: having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy The haughty manager didn't believe that any of his subordinates could ever have an insight as brilliant as his own.

mercurial

متقلب المزاج - adjective: (of a person) prone to unexpected and unpredictable changes in mood The fact that Ella's moods were as mercurial as the weather was problematic for her relationships—it didn't help that she lived in Chicago.

commensurate

متناسب - adjective: to be in proportion or corresponding in degree or amount The convicted felon's life sentence was commensurate with the heinousness of his crime.

travesty

محاكاه ساخره - What I expected to be an intelligent, nuanced historical documentary turned out to be a poorly-produced travesty of the form

iconoclast

محطم الاصنام - noun: somebody who attacks cherished beliefs or institutions Lady Gaga, in challenging what it means to be clothed, is an iconoclast for wearing a "meat dress" to a prominent awards show

staunch

مخلص - وفي - adjective: firm and dependable especially in loyalty No longer a staunch supporter of the movement, Todd now will openly question whether its goals are worthwhile.

meticulous

مدقق للتفاصيل - adjective: marked by extreme care in treatment of details The Japanese noodle maker was meticulous in making his noodles and would never let another person take over the task.

eminent

مرموق - متفوق - adjective: standing above others in quality or position Shakespeare is an eminent author in the English language, but I find his writing uninteresting and melodramatic.

innocuous

مسالم - غير ضار - adjective: harmless and doesn't produce any ill effects Everyone found Nancy's banter innocuous—except for Mike, who felt like she was intentionally picking on him.

prodigal

مسرف - adjective: rashly or wastefully extravagant Successful professional athletes who do not fall prey to prodigality seem to be the exception—most live decadent lives.

anomalous

مش طبيعي - adjective: not normal - According to those who do not believe in climate change, the extreme weather over the last five years is simply anomalous—daily temperatures should return to their old averages, they believe.

deferential

مظهر للإحترام - adjective: showing respect If you ever have the chance to meet the president, stand up straight and be deferential.

involved

معقد - adjective: complicated, and difficult to comprehend The physics lecture became so involved that the undergraduate's eyes glazed over

spurious

مغالط - يبدو معقول ولكنه يحتوي علي مغالطه منطقيه - adjective: plausible but false When listening to a politician speak, it is hard to distinguish the spurious claims from the authentic ones.

frugal

مقتصد - adjective: not spending much money (but spending wisely) Monte was no miser, but was simply frugal, wisely spending the little that he earned.

tantamount

مكافيء - معادل - adjective: being essentially equal to something In many situations, remaining silent is tantamount to admitting guilt, so speak to prove your innocence.

germane

مناسب - ملائم - adjective: relevant and appropriate The professor wanted to tell the jury in detail about his new book, but the lawyer said it wasn't germane to the charges in the cases.

aberrant

منحرف عن المألوف - adjective: markedly different from an accepted norm When the financial director started screaming and throwing food at his co-workers, the police had to come in to deal with his aberrant behavior.

fallacious

منطو علي مغالطه - adjective: of a belief that is based on faulty reasoning The widespread belief that Eskimos have forty different words for snow is fallacious, based on one false report.

heretic

مهرطق - noun: a person who holds unorthodox opinions in any field (not merely religion) Though everybody at the gym told Mikey to do cardio before weights, Mikey was a heretic and always did the reverse

laconic

موجز - adjective: (describes a person, speech, or style of writing) using very few words While Martha always swooned over the hunky, laconic types in romantic comedies, her boyfriends inevitably were very talkative—and not very hunky.

auspicious

ميمون - adjective: favorable, the opposite of sinister Despite an auspicious beginning, Mike's road trip became a series of mishaps, and he was soon stranded and penniless, leaning against his wrecked automobile.

predilection

نزوع - ولع - noun: a strong liking Monte had a predilection for the fine things in life: Cuban cigars, 200 dollar bottles of wine, and trips to the French Riviera.

restive

هائج - adjective: restless The crowd grew restive as the comedian's opening jokes fell flat.

unequivocal

واضح لا لبس فيه - قطعي - adjective: admitting of no doubt or misunderstanding; having only one meaning or interpretation and leading to only one conclusion The President's first statement on the subject was vague and open to competing interpretations, so when he spoke to Congress about the same subject later, he was careful to make his position completely unequivocal.

glut

وفره - noun: an excessive supply The Internet offers such a glut of news related stories that many find it difficult to know which story to read first. verb: supply with an excess of In the middle of economic crises, hiring managers find their inboxes glutted with resumes.

impertinent

وقح - adjective: being disrespectful; improperly forward or bold Dexter, distraught over losing his pet dachshund, Madeline, found the police officer's questions impertinent—after all, he thought, did she have to pry into such details as to what Madeline's favorite snack was?

impudent

وقح - adjective: improperly forward or bold In an impudent move, the defendant spoke out of order to say terribly insulting things to the judge.

underscore

يؤكد - verb: give extra weight to (a communication) While the hiking instructor agreed that carrying a first aid kit could be a good idea under certain circumstances, he underscored the importance of carrying enough water.

castigate

يؤنب بشده - verb: to reprimand harshly Drill sergeants are known to castigate new recruits so mercilessly that the latter often break down during their first week in training.

venerate

يبجل - verb: to respect deeply - The professor, despite his sleep-inducing lectures, was venerated amongst his colleagues, publishing more papers yearly than all of his peers combined.

exonerate

يبريء - verb: pronounce not guilty of criminal charges The document clearly indicated that Nick was out of the state at the time of the crime, and so served to exonerate him of any charges.

vindicate

يبريء شخص ما من تهمه - verb: to clear of accusation, blame, suspicion, or doubt with supporting arguments or proof Even seven Tour de France wins cannot vindicate Lance Armstrong in the eyes of the public--that the athlete used performance enhancing drugs invalidates all those wins.

culminate

يبلغ الذروه - verb: reach the highest or most decisive point Beethoven's musical genius culminated in the 9th Symphony, which many consider his greatest work.

espouse

يتبني - يعتنق - verb: to adopt or support an idea or cause As a college student, Charlie espoused Marxism, growing his beard out and railing against the evils of the free-market.

eschew

يتحاشي - noun: an act of deliberate betrayal; a breach of a trust Sure, he was the best salesman in the company; but Michael had abused the trust of the firm, sharing product secrets with a competitor, and for such perfidy he was terminated

circumvent

يتحايل - يدور حول verb: cleverly find a way out of one's duties or obligations One way of circumventing the GRE is to apply to a grad school that does not require GRE scores.

ingratiate

يتملق - يتزلف - verb: gain favor with somebody by deliberate efforts Even though Tom didn't like his new boss, he decided to ingratiate himself to her in order to advance his career.

maintain

يحافظ علي - يبقي علي - verb: to assert The scientist maintained that the extinction of dinosaurs was most likely brought about by a drastic change in climate.

ameliorate

يحسن وضع سيء - verb: make something bad better "Three Cups of Tea" tells the story of western man who hopes to ameliorate poverty and the lack of education in Afghanistan.

mitigate

يخفف - verb: make less severe or harsh I can only spend so much time mitigating your disagreements with your wife, and at certain point, you need to do it on your own. verb: lessen the severity of an offense If it weren't for the mitigating circumstances, he would have certainly lost his job

qualify

يخفف من حده شيء ما - verb: to make less severe; to limit (a statement) Chris qualified his love for San Francisco, adding he didn't like the weather there as much as he liked the weather in Los Angeles.

supplant

يخلف - يزيح شيء ويحل محله - verb: take the place or move into the position of For many, a cell phone has supplanted a traditional phone; in fact, most 20-somethings don't even have a traditional phone anymore

prevaricate

يراوغ - يتهرب - verb: to speak in an evasive way The cynic quipped, "There is not much variance in politicians; they all seem to prevaricate".

confound

يربك - يحير - verb: to cause confusion Though Harry loved numbers, calculus confounded him. verb: mistake one thing for another Americans often confound sweet potatoes with yams, and refer to both vegetables by the same name.

eradicate

يستأصل - verb: to completely destroy I tried eradicating the mosquitos in my apartment with a rolled up newspaper, but there were too many of them.

enervate

يستنفذ طاقه - verb: to sap energy from John preferred to avoid equatorial countries; the intense sun would always leave him enervated after he'd spent the day sightseeing.

censure

يستنكر - يستهجن - verb: to express strong disapproval After being caught in bed with a mistress, the mayor was quickly censured by the city council.

galvanize

يشحذ همه - verb: to excite or inspire (someone) to action - At mile 23 of his first marathon, Kyle had all but given up, until he noticed his friends and family holding a banner that read, "Go Kyle"; galvanized, he broke into a gallop, finishing the last three miles in less than 20 minutes.

expound

يشرح بالتفصيل - verb: add details or explanation; clarify the meaning; state in depth The CEO refused to expound on the decision to merge our department with another one, and so I quit.

delineate

يشرح بالتفصيل - verb: describe in detail After a brief summary of proper swimming technique, the coach delineated the specifics of each stroke, spending 30 minutes alone on the backstroke.

villify

يشوه سمعه شخص ما - verb: spread negative information about Todd was noble after the divorce, choosing to say only complimentary things about Barbara, but Barbara did not hesitate to vilify Todd.

denote

يشير إلي - verb: be a sign or indication of; have as a meaning Even if the text is not visible, the red octagon denotes "stop" to all motorists in America.

subsume

يصنف شيء ضمن شيء أو فئه - verb: contain or include The rogue wave quickly subsumed the pier and boardwalk, destroying everything in its path. verb: consider (an instance of something) as part of a general rule or principle Don Quixote of La Mancha subsumes all other modern novels, demonstrating modern literary devices and predating even the idea of a postmodern, metanarrative.

chortle

يضحك - verb: to chuckle, laugh merrily, often in a breathy, muffled way Walking into the cafe, I could hear happy, chortling people and smell the rich aroma of roasted coffee beans.

juxtapose

يضع جنبا إلي جنب - verb: place side by side for contrast The appeal of her paintings comes from a classical style which is juxtaposed with modern themes.

undermine

يضعف - verb: to weaken (usually paired with an abstract term) The student undermined the teacher's authority by questioning the teacher's judgment on numerous occasions.

concede

يعترف بشيء سلبي - verb: acknowledge defeat I concede. You win! verb: admit (to a wrongdoing) After a long, stern lecture from her father, Olivia conceded to having broken the window. verb: give over; surrender or relinquish to the physical control of another The Spanish were forced to concede much of the territory they had previously conquered.

obscure

يعمي - مُعمَي .. معروف بين القليل - verb: make unclear On the Smith's drive through the Grand Canyon, Mr. Smith's big head obscured much of Mrs. Robinson's view, so that she only saw momentary patches of red rock. adjective: known by only a few Many of the biggest movie stars were once obscure actors who got only bit roles in long forgotten films.

exacerbate

يفاقم - verb: make worse Her sleeplessness exacerbated her cold--when she woke up the next day, her sinuses were completely blocked

elucidate

يفصل في شرح - يبين - يفسر - verb: make clearer and easier to understand Youtube is great place to learn just about anything--an expert elucidates finer points so that even a complete novice can learn.

betray

يفضح - verb: to reveal or make known something, usually unintentionally With the gold medal at stake, the gymnast awaited his turn, his quivering lip betraying his intense emotions.

belie

يكذَب - verb: to give a false representation to; misrepresent The smile on her face belies the pain she must feel after the death of her husband

contrive

يلاقي حل - verb: to pull off a plan or scheme, usually through skill or trickery Despite a low GPA, he contrived to get into college, going so far as to write his own glowing letters of recommendation.

upbraid

يلوم - verb: to reproach; to scold Bob took a risk walking into the "Students Barbershop"—in the end he had to upbraid the apparently drunk barber for giving him an uneven bowl cut

abstain

يمتنع - verb: choose not to consume or take part in (particularly something enjoyable) Considered a health nut, Jessica abstained from anything containing sugar--even chocolate.

demur

يمتنع - verb: to object or show reluctance - Wallace disliked the cold, so he demurred when his friends suggested they go skiing in the Alp

negligible

يمكن اهماله - adjective: so small as to be meaningless; insignificant The GRE tests cumulative knowledge, so if you cram the night before it is, at best, likely to only have a negligible impact on your score.

preclude

يمنع - يعيق - verb: keep from happening or arising; make impossible The manager specified that all other gates be locked, to preclude the possibility of persons without tickets entering the arena undetected.

lambast

ينتقد بشده - verb: criticize severely or angrily Showing no patience, the manager utterly lambasted the sales team that lost the big account

petulant

ينزعج بسرعه - adjective: easily irritated or annoyed Although the three year old was often described as mature for his age, he was petulant and whiny whenever his father forgot to remove the crust from his sandwiches.

gainsay

ينفي - يخالف - verb: deny or contradict; speak against or oppose I can't gainsay a single piece of evidence James has presented, but I still don't trust his conclusion.

mollify

يهديء - verb: to make someone angry less angry; placate In the morning, Janine was unable to mollify Harry, if he happened to become angry, unless he'd had his cup of coffee.

chastise

يوبخ - verb: to reprimand harshly Though chastised for eating the snacks for the party, Lawrence shrugged off his mother's harsh words, and continued to plow through jars of cookies and boxes of donuts.

engender

يولد - verb: give rise to The restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles were so severe that they engendered deep hatred and resentment in the German people.

quotidian

يومي - adjective: found in the ordinary course of events Phil gets so involved thinking about Aristotle's arguments that he totally forgets quotidian concerns, such as exercising and eating regularly.