management 13

The sudden shift from in-person late-night TV production to virtual production caused a dramatic shift for production crews. Based on what you know about punctuated equilibrium, the time before COVID-19 would be characterized as ______ while COVID-19 caused ______.

equilibrium; abrupt change

Wendy mentions that she is relying on Bernard's work to get her work done. This is an example of

team member interdependence.

Studies have shown that informal groups enhance innovation and productivity.

true

A committee investigating the impacts of health care reform on the organization is an example of a(n)

formal group.

One of the main issues is that some team members do not have faith in each other. This issue is primarily related to a lack of

trust.

The new, virtual environment of late-night TV production could cause taping delays if one part of the process was delayed due to glitches. For example, if writers had difficulty collaborating online, it could cause a delay in scripting, which would push back taping. What type of conflict could this result in?

intergroup

Which of the following best practices is James struggling with?

adapting communications

After three months of boot camp, the group of new Marines had learned many skills and developed lifelong friendships. The final week of boot camp, called Marine Week, signaled that this group had reached the ________ stage, and would soon be moving onto their next assignments.

adjourning

Collaboration results from formal structures such as designated leaders, planned agendas, and organizational charts.

false

Too much conflict in the workplace usually leads to apathy.

false

When the team executes the strategic plan, it is in which stage of development?

performing

A(n) ________ could be a collection of five employees who are studying industry pay scales, with the goal of making recommendations for adjusting pay grades within their company.

team

Managers are constantly confronted with conflicts—both functional and dysfunctional—while trying to reach organizational goals. This activity is important because effective management requires the ability to stimulate functional conflicts. The goal of this activity is to challenge your knowledge of the techniques for stimulating functional conflict. Select the most appropriate technique for stimulating functional conflict for each of the items listed below.

1. To prevent everyone from passively agreeing with each other in quarterly department meetings, one person will now be required to openly point out all the possible things that could go wrong with each new project. Use programmed conflict 2. HomeSafe sells and installs wireless home security systems in 5 districts across the Midwest. HomeSafe has about 20 sales reps in each district. At the end of each year, the top sales rep from each district wins an extra week of paid vacation time to use in the following year. Spur competition among employees 3. Your organization is in a rut. Everyone is doing the same things they've always done and there's nothing creative or groundbreaking happening. You have two employees retiring soon and decide to replace them with people from completely different industries to bring in novel perspectives and keep everyone on their toes. Bring in outsiders for new perspectives 4. People in your office seem to be afraid to try new things, so the company sets up a monthly brainstorming session where employees can safely present wild and innovative new ideas. The sessions happen after work hours, but everyone who attends and contributes at least one new idea gets to take the last Friday of the month off of work. Change the organization's culture and procedures 5. Some of your employees want to bring the company's training program entirely online (option 1), while others think it's best to keep a face-to-face component in addition to offering a few online sessions (option 2). Due to resource constraints, the company can only choose one option. The executives decide to assign one upper manager to argue for option 1 and another to argue for option 2. This will help them to gather the necessary facts to make a final call. Use programmed conflict

Kendall frequently spots issues that will affect both her team in Sacramento and their counterparts in San Bernardino. Kendall plays a ________ role by setting meetings with both teams so they can work openly and coordinate smoothly.

task

High-performance teams lead to stronger work units and better team performance. There are eight essential considerations when trying to build a group into an effective team. This activity is important because building high-performance teams requires work on the part of managers, but the payoff is substantial. The goal of this activity is to challenge your knowledge of the eight ways to build effective teams. Match the method for building effective teams that each scenario best exemplifies. 1. Motivation through mutual accountability and interdependence 2. Norms: unwritten rules for team members 3. Collaboration 4. Effective team processes 5. Team composition 6. Performance goals and feedback 7. Roles: how team members are expected to behave 8. Trust

3. Collaboration: Dominique focuses on rewarding her entire team's performance rather than individual team members' performance. 8. Trust: As a team manager, Leia makes a point to avoid speaking unkindly of team members to other team members, and she always sticks up for team members who are being treated unfairly. 6. Performance goals and feedback: Carter meets individually with each of his team members every quarter to review their performance and progress toward their objectives. 1. Motivation through mutual accountability and interdependence: Oscar gives team members the freedom to make important decisions on matters such as team deadlines and resource allocation. 5. Team composition: Javier hires team members that represent the wide array of diversity in his company's customer base. 7. Roles: how team members are expected to behave: Ki is careful not to put certain personalities on the same team. For example, Lauryl and Hamad are both extremely solutions-focused and have little tolerance for pleasantries, chit-chat, or other activities that help group members bond. Ki usually doesn't assign them to the same project teams. 2. Norms: unwritten rules for team members: For his first team meeting, Graham bakes and decorates a beautiful batch of holiday cookies for his teammates. His boss pulls him aside before the meeting starts and tells him that he should think about how this will be perceived; others might think he has too much time on his hands and doesn't spend enough time on his work. 4. Effective team processes: Selena holds a 15-minute informal chat session at the end of each team meeting where all team members are expected to express the things that are bothering them, issues they are having with team members, etc.

Teamwork requires that a group of people integrate their efforts to achieve a common goal. This activity is important because in order to work effectively in groups and teams you will need to develop and draw on several career readiness competencies, particularly those captured by teamwork/collaboration. The goal of this activity is to challenge your knowledge of actions you can take to become a more effective team member. For each item, select the method of becoming a more effective team member that its description best exemplifies. If the item does not relate to one of the methods, select "Does not apply."

1. Gina learns that she has been awarded a bonus because of her team's performance in the previous year. Instead of taking the bonus for herself as the team's leader, she shares it with all of the team members. Commit to the team 2. Mae refrains from discussing personal issues with her teammates because she knows it's best for the team that everyone keep those things to themselves. Does not apply 3. Violet is always willing to stay at the office after work to help new team members figure out how to use the company's complex software platform. Support team members 4. Each quarter Sierra encourages her team to participate in some type of charitable fundraising. Members take turns deciding which organization will benefit in a particular quarter. Bring positive emotions to the team 5. Feng recently walked his team members through the broader organization's decision processes so they could understand exactly why the team did not receive certain resources they had requested. Support team members 6. A local blog wants to feature Wendell's team's accomplishments in its upcoming post. They ask him for a photo of himself as the team's leader. He asks that the author instead use a photo of the entire team so that everyone is given credit for their efforts. Commit to the team 7. Bruno suggests that the team begin each meeting by celebrating something noteworthy that one of the team members has accomplished since the previous meeting. Bring positive emotions to the team 8. Bahir stresses to his team members the importance of self-care over work. When he comes down with the flu, Bahir is tempted to go to the office anyway so as not to let his team members down. Instead, he remembers his own words and takes a week off to recuperate. Lead by example 9. Wyatt is careful to not put too much more work into a project than his team members. He knows it is vital that everyone contributes equal effort at all times. Does not apply 10. Anna wishes her teammates would feel more comfortable suggesting novel ideas. She realizes a good place to start is for her to model this behavior by putting her own ideas out there for her team to evaluate. Lead by example

If James asks team members to reply to each other within 24-hours during regular business hours, he would be instituting a(n)

norm.

There are two primary types of group roles—task roles and maintenance roles. This activity is important because group members need to perform various task and maintenance roles in order to ensure that their groups function effectively. The goal of this activity is to challenge your knowledge of group task roles and group maintenance roles. Determine whether each item describes an employee with a task role, or an employee with a maintenance role.

1. Clarence suggests new ideas for the group to look into. Task role 2. Quinn is the "sage" of the group—she is the person people go to for clarification on important issues. Task role 3. Minh is usually in the background as a passive audience member. Maintenance role 4. Nia is well respected among the group and is thus the person that others go to for clarification on the groups' values. Task role 5. When people need help understanding something, Musa is always able to come up with a good example to help. He also usually explores the implications associated with the issue. Task role 6. Bailey usually handles conflict by getting others to meet "half way." Maintenance role 7. Lucas makes note of the group's processes and dynamics and comments on them Maintenance role 8. Emeldi is the person the group looks to when it is time to pull together their ideas and suggestions. Task role 9. Jazmine is the group's compass. She keeps the group on track and headed toward their intended and stated goals. Task role 10. Miranda keeps the group together. She fosters this solidarity when she accepts others' points of view and offers them praise. Maintenance role 11. Jalen is sometimes the group's "class clown." When there is a conflict, he is there to help either through reconciliation or with his sense of humor. Maintenance role 12. Arati is the person who evaluates the groups' accomplishments for criteria logic and practicality. Task role 13. Zachary is the group cheerleader. He is the one who keeps the group moving ahead and accomplishing more. Task role 14. The group can always count on Emma to take care of the routine things like arranging seats or distributing materials for meetings. Task role 15. When members seem to be disengaging from participation (playing on their iPhones, drifting off), Peng encourages them to stay involved. Maintenance role 16. Pedro is the group member who examines the quality of the group's processes. Maintenance role 17. Owen could be considered the group's secretary. He serves the group by documenting group discussions and outcomes and performs a "memory function." Task role

Conflict is a part of our everyday life and is defined as "a process in which one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party." Conflict is not necessarily a bad thing and is a perfectly normal state of affairs. But some forms of conflict can indeed be bad (i.e., dysfunctional). This activity is important because managers should learn to differentiate between good and bad conflict in order to know how to best minimize dysfunctional conflict and capitalize on functional conflict. The goal of this activity is to challenge your ability to differentiate between functional and dysfunctional conflict. Select the most appropriate type of conflict for each scenario.

1. David sometimes brings hard boiled eggs for lunch at work, which several of his coworkers do not enjoy the smell of. One day at work, David and his coworkers discussed how they could best share the break room space. They decided that on days David brought in hard boiled eggs he would eat them in his office rather than in the break room. Functional Conflict 2. Don was having a great year in terms of his sales numbers, but his team seemed to be struggling to hit their goals. Don went to Lai, one of the other members of the team, and told her he didn't think she was taking her job seriously and that perhaps she should focus on prioritizing her work over her petty personal life. Dysfunctional Conflict 3. Both Yaz and Jasper had great ideas for a new marketing campaign and their supervisor liked both of the ideas. During their discussion of which campaign they should ultimately choose, Yaz reminded Jasper that his last campaign was ridiculous and a terrible flop and that her campaigns were always the good ones. Dysfunctional Conflict 4. Both Smitha and Lars were very passionate about their small business venture. When they were trying to decide on a location for their new storefront, the two had a very lengthy debate and somewhat heated discussion about the merits and drawbacks of each of their preferred locations. Functional Conflict

Which of the following is not a benefit to working on James's team?

duplication of effort

Late-night TV production requires efficient and collaborative processes. Producers source material, writers take the material and script the show, then video, audio, and makeup act to meet taping deadlines. Finally, editors ensure the show meets broadcast standards. Based on what you know about team effectiveness, this sequence of events requires

high team interdependence.

Assume that one of the production crew members is known for mediating conflict between different individuals or teams. This person would have the ______ role of ______.

maintenance; harmonizer

Late Night with Seth Meyers showrunner Mike Shoemaker had a highly performing team that regressed to its more primitive days due to the challenges associated with COVID-19. Based on Tuckman's Five-Stage Model, Shoemaker's team most likely went from ______ to ______.

performing; storming

Groups and teams go through fairly predictable stages of development, from birth to maturity to eventual decline. One theory proposes five stages of development: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. This activity is important because research suggests that high-performing groups and teams that are able to successfully navigate the development process tend to display more productive energy toward accomplishing tasks. The goal of this activity is to challenge your knowledge of the five stages of group development. First, imagine that you have been assigned to a project team at your job. Read each description of an experience you might have on the team and match it to the stage of group and team development that its description best represents. 1. Forming 2. Norming 3. Performing 4. Storming 5. Adjourning

1Members aren't very trusting of one another; they are spending time assessing what their contribution will be to this particular group as this is currently unclear. 4Members seem to be coming out of their shells, grouping into small alliances, and even arguing about the group's goals. 2Members decide on their regular meeting days/times, rules about tardiness or non-attendance, and set expectations regarding how they will interact with one another. 3Members of your 8-person team break off into smaller groups of 2 or 3 and work on their sub-groups' individual tasks. 5Members get together to discuss what they have learned and to share memories. Members get together to discuss what they have learned and to share memories.

Conflict occurs when one party perceives their interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party. Even the best managers will often have to help resolve disagreements and even destructive conflicts. This activity is important because good managers should understand the various techniques or styles they can use to handle workplace conflicts. The goal of this activity is to challenge your knowledge of the five conflict handling styles. Match each item to the appropriate conflict handling style. 1. Obliging 2. Dominating 3. Compromising 4. Integrating 5. Avoiding

5. Avoiding: Milton always finds something petty to be upset about. Today Milton is complaining to you that he did not get a shiny new red Swingline stapler like his office mate did 1. Obliging: Lauryl works hourly shifts at a restaurant and she isn't happy about her schedule for the upcoming week. You are Lauryl's coworker and offer to switch schedules with her this week. You don't have much going on outside of work this week, and one day in the future you may need a favor from her. 2. Dominating: Your company withdrew the funding you planned to use to put your employees up at a really fancy hotel on this week's work trip. Instead, you'll have to stay at a cheap motel and double up in rooms. You announce the disappointing news and quickly move on to other business. There's no point in fielding questions or complaints since the money just isn't there. 3. Compromising: Stanley and Phyllis are both top salespeople at their company. Both believe that the biggest, most important potential clients should be given to them. They decide that a good system is to alternate evenly—one important potential client goes to one of them, then the next goes to the other, etc. 4. Integrating: Your department has just been given a $4,000 end-of-year bonus. Everyone has an opinion on how it should be spent, including fancy new desk chairs, a big party, a new copy machine, and new laptops. You take a few days to evaluate the office's needs using historical data and discussing options with each employee individually before finally arriving at a decision that you believe everyone will see as the best decision for all in the group.