Management 220 Chapter 11 Sample Test Questions
Which of the following would not be considered semistructured knowledge? A) Corporate annual report B) Voice mail C) Videos D) Email E) Bulletin board posting
A. corporate annual report
Supervised machine learning involves: A) programmers supervising the machine learning program. B) training a system by providing specific examples of desired inputs and outputs identified by humans in advance. C) programs that process a development database and report whatever patterns they find. D) complex computer programs that decide what they want to learn. E) using very large databases to store common sense knowledge, then searching the database for patterns.
B
A chatbot is an example of which of the following? A) Computer vision system B) Genetic algorithm C) Augmented reality D) Virtual reality system E) Intelligent agent
E. intelligent agent
Which of the following is not one of the main four dimensions of knowledge described in the chapter? A) Knowledge is a firm asset. B) Knowledge has different forms. C) Knowledge has a location. D) Knowledge is situational. E) Knowledge is timeless.
E. knowledge is timeless
A(n) ________ is a type of intelligent technique that finds patterns and relationships in massive data sets too large for a human to analyze. A) inference engine B) CAD C) expert system D) genetic algorithm E) neural network
E. neural network
All of the following are intangible assets of a firm except its: A) brand. B) reputation. C) knowledge. D) information technology. E) unique business processes.
D. information technology
Which of the following best describes a difference between neural networks and genetic algorithms? A) Genetic algorithms are designed to process large amounts of information, while neural networks are designed to process small amounts of information. B) Genetic algorithms are a type of knowledge discovery, while neural networks are an intelligent technique. C) Genetic algorithms are used to evaluate alternative solutions to problems, whereas neural networks are used to discover patterns in data. D) Genetic algorithms are designed to work with small amounts of data, while neural networks can handle large quantities of data. E) Neural networks are a type of machine learning, whereas genetic algorithms are static programs.
C
The impacts of knowledge-based investments are easy to measure.
False
The text defines ________ as flows of events or transactions captured by an organization's systems. A) information B) data C) wisdom D) knowledge E) experience
B. Data
Which of the following involves where, when, and how to apply knowledge? A) Data B) Wisdom C) Tacit knowledge D) Explicit knowledge E) Organizational learning
B. wisdom
Which of the following statements about robotics is not true? A) Robotics involves the creation and use of machines than can substitute for humans. B) Robotics cannot substitute entirely for people. C) Robotics can be used for surgery, bomb deactivation, and other dangerous environments. D) Robotics does not require programming but instead relies solely on AI. E) Robotics has widespread use in manufacturing.
D
Apple's Siri application is an example of which of the following? A) Neural network B) Augmented reality C) Genetic algorithm D) Intelligent agent E) Robotics
D. intelligent agent
Which of the following statements about genetic algorithms is not true? A) Genetic algorithms are based on techniques inspired by evolutionary biology. B) Genetic algorithms are used to solve problems that are very dynamic and complex, involving hundreds or thousands of variables or formulas. C) Genetic algorithms are able to evaluate many solution alternatives quickly to find the best one. D) Genetic algorithms use an iterative process to refine initial solutions so that better ones are more likely to emerge as the best solution. E) Genetic algorithms discover knowledge by using hardware and software that parallel the processing patterns of the biological or human brain.
E
Neural networks are not well-suited for diagnostic systems in medicine.
False
Which of the following statements about machine learning is not true? A) More than 75% of AI development today involves some kind of machine learning. B) Machine learning is based on a different AI paradigm than expert systems. C) Machine learning involves finding patterns in large data sets. D) Genetic algorithms are a form of machine learning. E) Machine learning is based on computer code that reflects rules underlying an expert's understanding.
E
The text defines ________ as expertise of organizational members that has not been formally documented. A) wisdom B) information C) data D) experience E) tacit knowledge
E. tacit knowledge
An expert system cannot consider multiple rules at the same time.
False
Expert systems use real-time data to guide their decisions.
False
One apt slogan of the knowledge management field is "Effective knowledge management is 80 percent technological and 20 percent managerial and organizational."
False
Semistructured information is all the knowledge in a firm that resides in the heads of experienced employees.
False
Document management systems are essentially large databases.
True
Expert systems capture the knowledge of skilled employees in the form of a set of rules in a software system that can be used by others in the organization.
True
Some intelligent agent systems are capable of learning from experience and adjusting their behavior.
True
The yellow first-down markers shown on televised football games are examples of AR.
True
Which of the following is not true about the evolution of AI technologies? A) There have been many fundamental conceptual breakthroughs in AI during the last decade. B) Natural language speech recognition errors have dropped from 15 percent to 5 percent. C) Advances in image and speech recognition have made intelligent personal assistants like Siri and Alexa possible. D) Image recognition programs have gone from 25 percent error rates down to less than 3 percent. E) The development of Big Data databases is a major force driving the rapid evolution of AI.
A
Deep learning networks: A) rely on humans to help it identify patterns. B) use multiple layers of neural networks to detect patterns in input data. C) rely on experts to tell the system what patterns to expect in the data. D) require labeled data as input. E) require explicit programming by humans to identify patterns in unlabeled data.
B
Unsupervised machine learning involves: A) using very large databases to store common sense knowledge, then searching the database for patterns. B) using algorithms to simulate the neurons and synapses of human brains. C) programs that can "teach themselves" without human intervention. D) using labeled inputs identified by humans to recognize objects. E) using genetic algorithms to identify patterns in large datasets.
C
Which of the following is not a major benefit of expert systems? A) Improved decisions B) Better quality and service C) Ability to scale to deal with very large data sets D) Reduced errors E) Reduced training time
C
Which of the following statements about knowledge is not true? A) Knowledge involves knowing how to follow procedures. B) Knowledge involves causality. C) Knowledge is not subject to network effects. D) Knowledge is a cognitive event involving mental models. E) Knowledge can be either tacit or explicit.
C
AI applications are used by search engines and social networks to target ads.
True
According to experts, at least 80 percent of an organization's business content is semistructured or unstructured.
True
Genetic algorithms: A) are a form of machine learning. B) represent knowledge as groups of characteristics. C) consist of many layers of neural networks working in a hierarchical fashion. D) are based on logic. E) seek to emulate a human expert's way of solving problems.
A. are a form of machine learning
________ knowledge exists in formal documents, as well as in formal rules that organizations derive by observing experts and their decision-making behaviors. A) Unstructured B) Tacit C) Management D) Explicit E) Structured
E. structured
