Management 3000W Study Guide
An organization with a horizontal structure is also known as a flat organization because it often features only a few levels of organizational hierarchy. a. True b. False
a
The SMART framework can be applied to business or personal goals. A good goal should be specific, measurable, applicable, rewarded, and time-bound. a. True b. False
b
One of the reasons why there has been a dramatic increase in the number of small business startups is rapidly changing technology. a. True b. False
a
Our choices and decision-making processes and our moral principles and values that govern our behaviors regarding what is right and wrong are also part of ethics. a. True b. False
a
Strategic planning and implementation is perhaps the most common type of organization-level change. a. True b. False
a
Which act prohibits private employers, state and local governments, employment agencies, and labor unions from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities? A. ADA of 1990 B. FLSA of 1938 C. NLRA of 1947 D. ADEA of 1967 E. FMLA of 1993
a
Which of the following leadership profile describe the degree to which the leader can inspire and motivate others, according to the GLOBE project? A. Charismatic B. Team oriented C. Humane-oriented D. Autonomous E. Self-protective
a
A global strategy is based on the assumption that the world is extremely interconnected, and that patterns of consumption and production are fairly homogeneous worldwide. a. True b. False
a.
According to Caroucci, five ways organizations needlessly provoke good people to make unethical choices are as follows EXCEPT: A. People feel psychologically safe to speak up. B. Excessive pressure to reach unrealistic performance targets compromises people's choices. C. When individuals face conflicting goals, they feel a sense of unfairness and compromise their reasoning. D. Only talking about ethics when there is a scandal. E. When there is no positive example available, individuals react instead of choosing ethical decisions.
a.
Ethics is related to influencing behaviors to act in accordance to the law or face consequences—referred to as a "stick" approach. a. True b. False
b
Performance management began as a simple tool used for employee development. a. True b. False
b
Research finds that while education is necessary for job placement, it plays no role in socializing individuals into expected norms in their society. a. True b. False
b.
The global strategy is the one in which a company adapts its products to meet the needs of the local market. a. True b. False
b.
______ refers to the field of ethics concerned with our asking how should and ought we live and act. A. Business Ethics B. Normative ethics C. Ethical relativism D. Virtue ethics E. Stewardship
b.
A ____ is a decision to carry out a particular action in order to achieve a specific goal. A. plan B. strategy C. strategic objective D. SMART framework E. mission
a
A business-level strategy is the framework a firm uses to organize its activities, and it is developed by the firm's top managers. a. True b. False
a
A plan includes decisions about when and how actions should be accomplished and what resources will be required to complete the actions. a. True b. False
a
The strategy cycle is a process managers use to achieve an advantage in the marketplace, and the measurement and evaluation stage tells managers whether the advantage is being achieved. a. True b. False
a
Which of the following model of change proposed the sequence of "Unfreeze, Move, Refreeze"? A. Lewin's Change Model B. Kotter's Change Model C. Appreciative Inquiry (AI) model D. Complex Adaptive Systems E. Bureaucratic model
a
Which term describes a system for accomplishing and connecting the activities that occur within a work organization? A. Organizational structure B. Organizational design C. Organizational change D. Organizational development E. Complex adaptive systems
a
A positive aspect of opening a small business is that it takes very little management skill because it is small. a. True b. False
b
____ is mid-level planning that consists of broad ideas of what the company should do to pursue its mission. A. Operational planning B. Tactical planning C. Functional planning D. System-based planning E. Strategic planning
b
FDI is a contractual agreement whereby, in exchange for a royalty or fee, a company gives the right to another company to use a trademark, know-how, or other proprietary technology. a. True b. False
b.
According to the BCG Matrix, business units that have high market share but are in a market that is not growing are called ______. A. Dogs B. Stars C. Cash Cows D. Question Marks E. None of these
c
____ rights are universal and based on norms in every society. A. Legal B. Justice C. Leadership D. Resource E. Moral
e.
Anglo and Germanic Europe clusters are low on which leadership style, according to the GLOBE project? A. Charismatic B. Team oriented C. Humane-oriented D. Autonomous E. Self-protective
c
The difference between the small business owner and the entrepreneur is that the entrepreneur: A. manages the business B. files taxes for the business C. assumes the risk of the business D. is responsible for the profits of the business E. is accurately described by all of the above
c
The final phase of an Appreciative Inquiry (AI) practice, ______, occurs as employees put into practice the plans they have developed. A. Define B. Design C. Destiny D. Discover E. Dream
c
Which of the following describe the only two cultural dimensions unique to the GLOBE project? A. Uncertainty avoidance and power distance B. Future orientation and assertiveness orientation C. Performance orientation and humane orientation D. Gender egalitarianism and institutional E. Institutional and societal collectivism
c
According to Hofstede, which of the following is an implication of high uncertainty avoidance? A. Preference for smaller organizations B. Superiors optimistic about subordinate ambition and leadership abilities C. Rational championing D. Transformational leaders preferred E. Weak loyalty to companies
a
According to the evolution of HR work, the administrative work of HR personnel, such as the terms and conditions of work, delivery of HR services, and regulatory compliance were the focus of which of the following? A. Wave 1 B. Wave 2 C. Wave 3 D. Wave 4 E. Wave 5
a
As a general rule of thumb, the more complex the potential change, the greater the need to involve employees in the process of planning and implementing change. a. True b. False
a
From its earliest inception as a primarily compliance-type function, human resource management has further expanded and evolved into its current state as a key driver of human capital development. a. True b. False
a
Higher-potential employees, no matter what the level, often display the following competencies: business acumen, strategic thinking, leadership skills, people skills, learning agility, and technology skills. a. True b. False
a
Identifying and separating terminal from instrumental values in any given situation can assist individuals, groups, and work units in distinguishing between the "ends (goals) from the means (methods to reach the goals)" and vice versa in making decisions, thereby helping us choose more ethical options—or at least less unethical ones—in situations. a. True b. False
a
The culture of compliance refers to when people trust online reviews of their companies more than what companies communicate. a. True b. False
b
The skills, knowledge, and experience of an individual or group and its value to an organization refers to _____. A. war for talent B. human capital C. succession planning D. 360 assessment E. employee life cycle
b
The variables measured in BCG Matrix are: A. Dogs; question mark B. Market share; market growth C. Threat of substitutes; Barriers to entry D. Supplier power; buyer power E. Stars; cash cows
b
When BA Products managers assume that BA employees will change if they know they will otherwise face negative consequences, it refers to which of the following? A. Top-down change B. Deficit-based change C. Emergent approach D. Abundance-based change E. Appreciative mindset
b
When he read Chicken Soup From the Soul, Joe Farmer was struck by how many of the stories mentioned the scent of the islands. So Farmer created bottles filled with Hawaiian air and some scented essence beads. When customers shake the bottles up and open the lids, they're transported back to paradise. While many marketing experts did not think that consumers would buy bottles of air, Farmer has earned more than half a million dollars of sale during his first year of operation. Farmer was an example of a _____ entrepreneur. A. growth-oriented B. classic C. opportunistic D. risk-aversive E. debt-based
b
Which of these refers to small refinements in current organizational practices or routines that do not challenge, but rather build on or improve, existing aspects and practices within the organization? A. Differentiation change B. Incremental change C. Culture change D. Technological change E. Structural change
b
While a firm's _______ is a general statement about its values, a firm's ______ is more specific. A. SWOT; SMART framework B. vision statement; mission statement C. mission statement; objective statement D. SMART framework; SWOT E. mission statement; vision statement
b
____ is a process in which the performance standard is based on another firm's superior performance. A. Operational planning B. Benchmarking C. Functional planning D. System-based planning E. Strategic planning
b
Which of the following strategy is one in which the company decides that it makes sense to organize its functional activities, such as marketing, finance, etc., around geographical regions that play a critical role in terms of? A. A global strategy B. A social stratification strategy C. A regional strategy D. A local strategy E. A strategy
c
Which of these represents the first step in Kotter's Change Model? A. Create a vision of change B. Remove any obstacles C. Establish a sense of urgency D. Create small wins E. Anchor the changes
c
According to Hofstede, the degree to which people in a society are comfortable with risk, uncertainty, and unpredictable situations refers to which of these? A. Power Distance B. Individualism C. Uncertainty Avoidance D. Masculinity E. Collectivism
c.
James believes in the principle that an action is morally right if it produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people. This represents which of these ethical principles? A. Justice B. Rights C. Utilitarianism D. Universalism E. Virtue Ethics
c.
When a leader is not able to see inconsistencies among values he say he follows, it refers to which of these symptoms of the failure of ethical leadership? A. Ethical blindness B. Ethical muteness C. Ethical incoherence D. Ethical paralysis E. Ethical complacency
c.
Which of the following approach best defines the sum of those conditions of social life which allow social groups and their individual members relatively thorough and ready access to their own fulfillment? A. Justice B. Rights C. Utilitarianism D. The common good E. Virtue Ethics
d.
Which of the following describe vision of an organization? A. What is our product or service? B. What is our strategic purpose for operating? C. Who is our customer? D. Who are we? Who will we become? E. What do we stand for and believe in? What standards can be used to evaluate us and judge us?
d.
A _____ is a formal written statement that describes in detail the idea for a new business and how it will be carried out. A. mission statement B. vision C. business plan D. statement of purpose E. venture plan
c
According to Hofstede, which of the following is an implication of low power distance? A. Very centralized organizational structure B. Tall hierarchies with clear levels of managers and subordinates C. Dispersed authority D. Managers rely on formal rules to manage E. Wide salary gap between top and bottom of company
c
A ______ strategy involves developing plans to increase the size of the firm in terms of revenue, market share, or geographic reach. A. stability B. defensive C. divestiture D. growth E. retrenchment
d
International trade specialists that buy goods at a discount from small businesses and resell them abroad are called: A. business trade unions B. export management companies C. domestic channel members D. commission house brokers E. export trading companies
d
Which change model argues that an organization is constantly developing and adapting to its environment, much like a living organism? A. Lewin's Change Model B. Kotter's Change Model C. Appreciative Inquiry (AI) model D. Complex Adaptive Systems E. Bureaucratic model
d
Which dimension of cultural intelligence is based on the ability of the individual to exhibit the appropriate forms of verbal and nonverbal behaviors when interacting with people from another culture? A. Cognitive dimension B. Meta-cognitive dimension C. Motivational dimension D. Behavioral dimension E. Societal dimension
d
Which of the following describe the first phase of an Appreciative Inquiry (AI) practice? A. Define B. Design C. Destiny D. Discover E. Dream
d
Which of the following represents the first step in the planning process? A. Design plan B. Implement plan C. Review results D. Set goals E. Modify plans
d
Which term describes the set of activities that firm managers undertake in order to try to put their firms in the best possible position to compete successfully in the marketplace? A. Strategic analysis B. strategic positioning C. Value chain D. Strategic management process E. SWOT
d
In societies with high _______ scores, individuals are valued for their achievements and are rewarded and recognized for such achievements. A. power Distance B. individualism C. uncertainty Avoidance D. masculinity E. collectivism
d.
Sylvia believes and tries to follow the principle that considers the welfare and risks of all parties when considering policy decisions and outcomes. She really tries incorporating a humane consideration of and for individuals and groups when deciding a course of action. Sylvia follows which of these ethical principles? A. Justice B. Rights C. Utilitarianism D. Universalism E. Virtue Ethics
d.
The worldwide phenomenon whereby the countries of the world are becoming more interconnected and where trade barriers are disappearing refers to A. immigration. B. global strategy. C. emerging markets. D. globalization E. cultural paradox.
d.
______ are preferred means of behavior used to obtain one's goals. A. Ethical dilemmas B. Normative ethics C. Ethical relativisms D. Instrumental values E. Terminal values
d.
"M" in SMART Framework refers to which of these? A. Matrix B. Mission C. Method D. Maturity E. Measurable
e
A well-written business plan should contain: A. executive summary or company overview B. a marketing plan C. a vision and mission statement D. a management plan E. all of the above
e
ABC Products is interested in understanding if new firms were coming into their market. ABC should use which of the following strategic analysis tools? A. SWOT B. Vision and Mission C. Resources and Capabilities D. PESTEL E. Porter's 5 Forces
e
Hannah Li wants to quit her job as a legal secretary and start her own small business. She knows that she will be successful if she can find the right idea. Where can Li look for ideas for her new business? A. Problems she noticed in her old job B. Her interest in the history of Asian art C. Suggestions from her family D. Other businesses in other regions of the country E. All of the above
e
Michael Bronner made a fortune in the direct marketing business as the cofounder and CEO of Bronner Slosberg Humphrey, a wildly successful direct-marketing firm. His newest venture, Upromise Inc., enlists some of America's largest corporations to help families pay for college and is extremely successful. Entrepreneur Bonner would more than likely have which of the following characteristics? A. Ambitious B. Independent C. Self-confident D. Visionary E. All of the above
e
When Allison Logue found out her children were allergic to corn, she started looking for sweets and starches that were corn-free and was dismayed to find very few such products on the market. As a result, she has started her own small business to produce and market corn-free desserts. It is a small market, and Logue plans to keep her business small. Logue is an example of a(n): A. interpreneur B. multipreneur C. intrapreneur D. growth entrepreneur E. micropreneur
e
Which of the following is a reason why small business thrives in the United States? A. guaranteed profits B. regular working hours C. an aversion to success D. the ability to avoid outsourcing E. rapidly changing technology
e
Which of the following represents the framework a firm uses to organize its activities, developed by the firm's top managers and includes examples such as cost leadership and differentiation? A. Corporate strategy B. BCG Matrix C. SMART framework D. International strategy E. Business-level strategy
e
Which of the following describe a steadfast devotion to improving the welfare of others? A. Servant leadership B. Rights approach C. Stewardship D. Ethical relativism E. Altruism
e.
Which term defines the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the member of one group or category of people from another? A. Immigration B. Expatriate C. Power distance D. Individualism E. Culture
e.
Gord Larose and his friend David Allan worked in Ottawa at Nortel Networks, a giant telecommunications-equipment maker. One Friday afternoon, over a few beers in Larose's kitchen, they dreamed up a scheme for renting software over the Internet. Instead of quitting their jobs, they reported to work on Monday, explained their plan to their boss, and began working to make their idea a reality. Four years later, their idea has evolved into an important division of Nortel called Channelware. Larose and Allan are examples of: A. interpreneurs B. multipreneurs C. intrapreneurs D. growth-oriented entrepreneurs E. Insourced entrepreneurs
c
Privately owned and managed _____ are licensed by the SBA and provide long-term financing for small businesses. A. Small Business Development Centers B. Service Corps of Retired Executives C. Small Business Investment Companies D. Angel Capital Electronic Networks E. Active Corps of Executives
c
The WTO's most important functions are all of these EXCEPT: A. providing the mechanism for countries to negotiate trade agreements B. monitoring trade agreements. C. financing the infrastructure development projects in less developed countries. D. providing the means to handle trade disputes. E. providing training to less-developed countries to implement agreements.
c
In the ______ phase of the organizational life cycle, the organization is usually very small and agile, focusing on new products and markets. The founders typically focus on a variety of responsibilities, and they often share frequent and informal communication with all employees in the new company. A. entrepreneurship B. survival and early success C. sustained success D maturity E. renewal
a
Kotter's change model aligns with mechanistic view of structure and thus it may be especially useful in organizations where there is a strong, hierarchical structure. a. True b. False
a
Performance management began as a simple tool to drive _____ but has evolved more recently into a tool used for _____. A. accountability; employee development B. profits; stockholder education C. market share; corporate acquisition D. employee development; accountability E. stockholder education; profits
a
The mission statement takes the why of a vision statement and gives a broad description of how the firm will try to make its vision a reality. a. True b. False
a
The most common use of a business plan is to persuade lenders and investors to finance the venture. a. True b. False
a
The person who takes the risk of starting and managing a business to make a profit is called a(n): A. entrepreneur B. venture capitalist C. capitalistic adventurer D. franchiser E. ultra capitalist
a
The strategic management process is the set of activities that firm managers undertake in order to try to put their firms in the best possible position to compete successfully in the marketplace. a. True b. False
a
Weber proposed all of these elements of bureaucracy that serve as a foundation for determining an appropriate structure EXCEPT: A. structural change. B. formalization. C. centralization. D. span of control. E. specialization.
a
XY Deliveries, a package delivery company, is organized as XY North, XY South, XY East, XY West, and XY Central divisions in the United States. Which of the following best describe the structure at XY Deliveries? A. Geographic structure B. Product structure C. Matrix structure D. Vertical structure E. Flat structure
a
Culture tells people who they are, which behaviors are appropriate, and which are not acceptable in any society. a. True b. False
a.
Samantha, manager at ABC International, is facing situations and predicaments in which there is not an optimal or desired choice to be made between two options, neither of which solves her issue or delivers an opportunity that is ethical. Samantha can be described as facing which of these? A. Ethical dilemma B. Normative ethics C. Ethical relativism D. Virtue ethics E. Stewardship
a.
The DHL Global Connected Index, which tracks the flow of capital, information, trade, and human resources, indicates that the degree of globalization continues to decline. a. True b. False
a.
_____ involves selflessly working with followers to achieve shared goals that improve collective, rather than individual, welfare A. Servant leadership B. Rights approach C. Stewardship D. Ethical relativism E. Altruism
a.
ABC Products has a highly vertical organizational structure that is designed to generate a high degree of standardization and control. ABC Products can be described to have which of these structures? A. Differentiation B. Mechanistic C. Transformational D. Strategic E. Organic
b
According to universalism is a principle, an action is morally right if the net benefits over costs are greatest for all affected compared with the net benefits of all other choices. a. True b. False
b
Compensation and benefits are the two elements that make up the total reward strategy used by organizations to attract, motivate, retain and engage employees. a. True b. False
b
Due to their size large businesses tend to have greater flexibility than small businesses. a. True b. False
b
Entrepreneurs, as a general group, dislike risk taking. a. True b. False
b
Ethical relativism is defined as the ability to influence followers to achieve common goals through shared purposes. a. True b. False
b
In deficit-based change, leaders assume that employees will change if they can be inspired to aim for greater degrees of excellence in their work. a. True b. False
b
In organizations today, success depends on talent acquisition outsourcing to external recruiters. a. True b. False
b
Many small businesses that sell their products internationally use the services of export management companies (EMCs). a. True b. False
b
Organizational design refers to the constant shifts that occur within an organizational system. a. True b. False
b
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) of 1967 protects individuals who are 30 years of age or older from employment discrimination based on age. a. True b. False
b