Management of Patients with Neurologic Infections, Autoimmune Disorders, and Neuropathies

Myasthenia gravis occurs when antibodies attack which receptor site? A. Acetylcholine B. GABA C. Serotonin D. Dopamine

A. Acetylcholine

The nurse is taking health history from a client admitted to rule out Guillan-Barre syndrome. An important question to ask related to the diagnosis is which of the following? A. "Have you noticed any difficulty with urination in the last 6 weeks?" B. "Have you experienced any viral infections in last month?" C. "Have you experienced any ptosis in the last few weeks?" D. "Have you developed any new allergies in the last year?"

B. "Have you experienced any viral infections in the last month?"

A client with a neurologic impairment reports having problems with constipation. Which foods might the nurse recommend? A. White rice B. Vegetables C. Meat D. Ice cream

B. Vegetables

Which drug should be available to counteract the effects of edrophonium chloride? A. Azithioprine B. Prednisone C. Pryidostigmine bromide D. Atropine

D. Atropine

The nurse is caring for a client with tetraplegia following a motor vehicle accident. A family member of the client states, "I know there is grief associated with the loss of independence, but how do I help my loved ones to move past that?" The nurse is most helpful to say which of the following? A. "Grief is a normal process. Let's discuss offering support throughout the process." B. "Provide comfort foods, which expresses your love and support." C. "Ask your loved one what you can do and decorate the room to elevate the mood." D. "There is nothing you can do. It must come from the client."

A. "Grief is a normal process. Let's discuss offering support throughout the process."

A client with Guillian-Barre syndrome has paralysis affecting the respiratory muscles and requires mechanical ventilation. When the client asks the nurse about the paralysis, how should the nurse respond? A. "The paralysis caused by this disease is temporary." B. "You'll be permanently paralyzed; however, you won't have any sensory loss." C. "It must be hard to accept the permanency of your paralysis." D. "You'll first regain use of your legs and then your arms."

A. "The paralysis caused by this disease is temporary."

The primary arthropod vector in Normal America that transmits encephalitis is the: A. Mosquito B. Tick C. Flea D. Horse

A. Mosquito

Which nursing intervention is a priority for a client with myasthenia gravis? A. Ensuring adequate nutritional support B. Assessing respiratory effort C. Administering intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) per orders D. Preparing for plasmapheresis

B. Assessing respiratory effort

Which is the primary medical management of arthropod-borne virus (arboviral) encephalitis? A. Preventing muscular atrophy B. Controlling seizures and increased intracranial pressure C. Maintaining hemodynamics and adequate cardiac output D. Preventing renal insufficiency

B. Controlling seizures and increased intracranial pressure

A client arrives at the emergency department complaining of extreme muscle weakness after minimal effort. The physician suspects myasthenia gravis. Which drug will be used to test for this disease? A. Pyridostigrmine (Mestinon) B. Edrophonium (Tensilon) C. Carbachol (Carboptic) D. Ambenonium (Mytelase)

B. Edrophonium (Tensilon)

A client is undergoing testing to confirm a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. The nurse explains that a diagnoses is made if muscle function improves after the client receives an IV injection of a medication. What is the medication the nurse tells the client he'll receive during this test? A. Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) B. Edrophonium (Tensilon) C. Azethioprine (Imuran) D. Immunoglobulin G (Iveegam EN)

B. Edrophonium (Tensilon)

Which is the most common cause of acute encephalitis in the United States? A. Lyme disease B. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) C. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) D. Western equine bacteria

B. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

Which is a chronic, degenerative, progressive disease of the central nervous system characterized by the occurrence of demyelination in the brain and spinal cord? A. Parkinson's disease B. Multiple sclerosis C. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease D. Huntington's disease

B. Multiple sclerosis

Myasthenia gravis occurs when antibodies attack which receptor site? A. GABA B. Dopamine C. Acetylcholine D. Serotonin

C. Acetylcholine

The primary arthropod vector in North America that transmits encephalitis is the: A. Flea B. Horse C. Mosquito D. Tick

C. Mosquito

The client with herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is receiving acyclovir. The nurse monitors blood chemistry test results and urinary output for: A. Signs and symptoms of cardiac insufficiency B. Signs of improvement in the patient's condition C. Renal complications related to acyclovir therapy D. Signs of relapse

C. Renal complications related to acyclovir therapy

A patient with myasthenia gravis is in the hospital for treatment of pneumonia. The patient informs the nurse that it is very important to take pyridostigmate bromide (Mestinon) on time. The nurse gets busy and does not administer the medication until after breakfast. What outcome will the patient have related to this late dose? A. The patient will require a double dose prior to lunch B. The patient will go into cardiac arrest C. The muscles will become fatigued and the patient will not be able to chew food or swallow pills D. There should not be a problem, since the medication was only delayed by about 2 hours

C. The muscles will become fatigued and the patient will not be able to chew food or swallow pills

A client is diagnosed with meningococcal meningitis. The 22-year-old client shares an apartment with one other person. What would the nurse expect as an appropriate care for the client's roommate? A. Bedrest at home for 72 hours B. Admission to the nearest hospital for observation C. Treatment with antimicrobial prophylaxis as soon as possible D. No treatment unless the roommate begins to show symptoms

C. Treatment with antimicrobial prophylaxis as soon as possible

The nurse is caring for a patient in the emergency department with an onset of pain related to trigeminal neuralgia. What subjective data stated by the patient does the nurse determine triggered the paroxysms of pain? A. "I was putting my shoes on." B. "I was taking a bath." C. "I was sitting at home watching television." D. "I was brushing my teeth."

D. "I was brushing my teeth."

Bell palsy is a disorder of which cranial nerve? A. Vagus (X) B. Trigeminal (V) C. Vestibulocochlear (VIII) D. Facial (VII)

D. Facial (VII)