Management Quiz

In the context of personality traits, which of the following traits can be classified under the Big Five personality traits? a. Agreeableness b. Honesty c. Intuition d. Submissiveness

a. Agreeableness

_____ is a cultural orientation in which individuals belong to tightly knit social frameworks and depend strongly on extended families or clans. a. Collectivism b. Individualism c. Behaviorism d. Socialism

a. Collectivism

_____ of ethics emphasize the results of behavior. a. Consequential theories b. Rule-based theories c. Character theories d. Fact-based theories

a. Consequential theories

In the context of social perception, which of the following is a characteristic of the situation in which the interaction between a perceiver and the target person takes place? a. Context of the interaction b. Perceptual lenses c. Nonverbal cues d. Intentions of the target

a. Context of the interaction

_____ is a type of emotional labor that involves attempting to feel the emotion one is displaying. a. Deep acting b. Emotional dissonance c. Surface acting d. Workplace deviance

a. Deep acting

_____ is defined as all forms of difference among individuals, including culture, gender, age, ability, religion, personality, social status, and sexual orientation. a. Diversity b. Power distance c. Guanxi d. Kibbutzim

a. Diversity

_____ is a discrepancy between one's felt emotion and one's expressed emotion. a. Emotional dissonance b. Emotional labor c. Emotional contagion d. Emotional inertia

a. Emotional dissonance

_____ is the ability to recognize and manage emotion in oneself and in others. a. Emotional intelligence b. Emotional contagion' c. Emotional labor d. Emotional convergence

a. Emotional intelligence

_____ are managers who work in a country other than their home country. a. Expatriate managers b. Repatriate managers c. Pitchfork managers d. Pontificating managers

a. Expatriate managers

In the context of the preferences in Myers-Briggs personality types, the _____ preference represents where one finds energy. a. Extraversion/Introversion b. Sensing/Intuition c. Thinking/Feeling d. Judging/Perceiving

a. Extraversion/Introversion

_____ is a leading force driving change at work and has increased significantly during the past few decades, especially in industries such as banking, finance, and air transportation. a. Global competition b. Politics c. Employee attrition d. Centralization

a. Global competition

Which of the following best defines organizational commitment? a. It is the strength of an individual's identification with an organization. b. It is acting in ways consistent with one's personal values and the commonly held values of an organization and society. c. It is the behavior that is above and beyond the call of duty. d. It is the process of deriving attitudes from family, peer groups, religious organizations, and culture.

a. It is the strength of an individual's identification with an organization.

Which of the following examples evaluates human behavior from an internal perspective? a. Megan is always late for work because she is lazy and unmotivated. b. Megan is always late for work because she encounters heavy traffic. c. Megan is always early for work because she lives nearby. d. Megan is always early for work because her supervisor requested it.

a. Megan is always late for work because she is lazy and unmotivated.

Which of the following is an example of counterproductive work behavior (CWB)? a. Natalia discovers a shortcut that saves her hours of time on routine projects and keeps the discovery to herself. b. Kendall gets stuck in heavy traffic and is late to work. c. Jackson shares the news of a coworker's promotion with others in his workgroup. d. Derek has the flu and calls in sick, which means he misses an important client meeting.

a. Natalia discovers a shortcut that saves her hours of time on routine projects and keeps the discovery to herself.

_____ is an employee's perceived obligation to remain with an organization. a. Normative commitment b. Affective commitment c. Continuance commitment d. Regulative commitment

a. Normative commitment

Which of the following organizational variables affects human behavior at work? a. Performance appraisal b. Job satisfaction c. Absenteeism d. Organizational turnover

a. Performance appraisal

In the context of ethical behavior, which of the following is an instrumental value identified by Rokeach? a. Self-sufficiency b. Freedom c. Self-respect d. Happiness

a. Self-sufficiency

_____ is the process of deriving attitudes from family, peer groups, religious organizations, and culture. a. Social learning b. Cognitive moral development c. Direct experience d. Cognitive dissonance

a. Social learning

In which of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development are most adults classified? a. Stage 4, where people try to live up to the laws and norms of society. b. Stage 1, where people obey rules to avoid punishment. c. Stage 6, where people follow self-selected ethical principles. d. Stage 5, where people make decisions based on principles of justice and rights.

a. Stage 4, where people try to live up to the laws and norms of society.

According to research, how do most individuals respond to changes in their environment? a. They become rigid and reactive. b. They have a positive attitude. c. They demonstrate a commitment to success. d. They become open and responsive.

a. They become rigid and reactive.

_____ is the willingness of an individual to make decisions when all that needs to be known cannot be known and when the ethical issue has no established, unambiguous solution. a. Tough-mindedness b. Organizational citizenship behavior c. Cognitive dissonance d. Counterproductive work behavior

a. Tough-mindedness

_____ is a personality theory that advocates breaking down behavior patterns into a series of observable characteristics in order to understand human behavior. a. Trait theory b. Humanistic theory c. Psychoanalytic theory d. Behavior theory

a. Trait theory

According to Hofstede's research, what country is individualistic, has weak power distance, tolerates uncertainty, is masculine, and has a short-term orientation? a. United States b. Great Britain c. China d. Australia

a. United States

All of the following statements accurately describe attribution theory EXCEPT a. Women managers are more likely to attribute their successes to their own abilities. b. Attribution patterns differ among individuals. c. Many attributions are made during employment interviews when candidates explain the causes of previous performance situations. d. The way you explain your own behavior affects your motivation.

a. Women managers are more likely to attribute their successes to their own abilities.

_____ are those values that influence individuals' perceptions of right and wrong on the job. a. Work values b. Terminal values c. Cultural values d. Instrumental values

a. Work values

To affect both job satisfaction and performance, rewards must be a. contingent on individual performance. b. valued by society. c. contingent on company performance. d. valued by relevant coworkers.

a. contingent on individual performance.

Sydney is a single mother with two children, one of whom has a chronic medical condition. Sydney says she stays at her job because it provides medical benefits she likely would not receive at other companies. This is an example of ________ organizational commitment. a. continuance b. counterproductive c. affective d. normative

a. continuance

A popular athletic shoe company is focused on reducing the environmental impact of its supply chain, which is an example of a. corporate social responsibility. b. whistleblowing. c. distributive justice. d. procedural justice.

a. corporate social responsibility.

Leonard is so upset following his performance appraisal, he feels like crying. Because he has several hours left in the work day, he decides to picture himself lying on a tropical beach to improve his mood. This is an example of a. emotional labor. b. mindfulness. c. burnout. d. emotional contagion.

a. emotional labor.

In the context of the Big Five traits, a person who is _____ is calm, self-confident, and cool, as opposed to insecure, anxious, and depressed. a. emotionally stable b. agreeable c. conscientious d. open to new experiences

a. emotionally stable

All of the following are benefits of workforce diversity EXCEPT a. enhanced communication b. improved marketing efforts c. attraction and retention of the best talent d. better problem solving

a. enhanced communication

Substantial social learning occurs through _____, in which individuals acquire attitudes by observing others. a. modeling b. cognitive moral development c. direct experience d. self-monitoring

a. modeling

Which of the following is a self-enhancing impression management technique? a. name-dropping b. flattery c. favors d. agreeing with someone's opinion

a. name-dropping

Job satisfaction encourages _____, a behavior that is above and beyond the call of duty. a. organizational citizenship behavior b. cognitive dissonance behavior c. emotional contagion behavior d. counterproductive work behavior

a. organizational citizenship behavior

Which of the following is a terminal value? a. pleasure b. ambition c. honesty d. independence

a. pleasure

You are a student in the College of Business at Citywide University, which recently announced that all fees for students in the College of Engineering will double beginning next semester. You believe in quality education at an affordable price and would like to attend the protest rally with your best friends on Saturday, but you decide to attend a family wedding instead. Your decision was likely based on which factor in the attitude-behavior link? a. relevance b. low self-monitoring c. timing of the attitude measurement d. social constraints

a. relevance

In the context of barriers to social perception, _____ is our tendency to prefer information that supports our viewpoints. a. selective perception b. stereotyping c. projection d. overdependence

a. selective perception

A large chain of barber shops operates in which sector of the economy? a. service b. manufacturing c. nonprofit d. government

a. service

Eighty percent of employers seek which of the following skills in their recruits? a. teamwork and collaboration b. data interpretation c. time management d. technology troubleshooting

a. teamwork and collaboration

The tendency to make attributions to internal causes when focusing on someone else's behavior is called _____. a. the fundamental attribution error b. self-serving bias c. situational attribution d. the false-consensus effect

a. the fundamental attribution error

Organizational behavior is defined as a. the study of individual behavior and group dynamics in institutions. b. the study of overseeing activities and supervising people in organizations. c. the modification of an institution or its stakeholders. d. the science of society.

a. the study of individual behavior and group dynamics in institutions.

Organizational behavior refers to: a. the study of individual mannerisms and group dynamics in organizations. b. the study of organizational ethics and values. c. the assessment of an organization's performance. d. the steps taken by an organization to address failures.

a. the study of individual mannerisms and group dynamics in organizations.

A perceiver will have a positive social perception of the target when a. the target matches the perceiver's attitude. b. the perceiver is in a bad mood. c. the target seems superior to the perceiver. d. the perceiver has a negative self-concept.

a. the target matches the perceiver's attitude.

In the context of human behavior in organizations, change is: a. the transformation or modification of an organization and/or its stakeholders. b. a customer-oriented philosophy of organizational management. c. a call to competition, contest, or battle. d. the probability of organizational success.

a. the transformation or modification of an organization and/or its stakeholders.

_____ explains how performance evaluation judgments can lead to differential rewards. a. Trait theory b. Attribution theory c. The Pygmalion effect d. The discounting principle

b. Attribution theory

_____ is the dynamic process through which emotions are transferred from one person to another, either consciously or unconsciously, through nonverbal channels. a. Emotional intelligence b. Emotional contagion c. Emotional dissonance d. Emotional deviance

b. Emotional contagion

_____ is the applied science of energy and matter. a. Biology b. Engineering c. Ecology d. Medicine

b. Engineering

_____ involves acting in ways consistent with one's personal values and the commonly held values of the organization and society. a. Dissonant behavior b. Ethical behavior c. Counterproductive work behavior d. Workplace deviance behavior

b. Ethical behavior

Which of the following statements accurately describes ethical behavior at work? a. The court system ruled that employees have the right to expect privacy at work, so companies are limited in their abilities to monitor employee e-mails. b. Ethical behavior requires actions consistent with one's own values, those of society, and those of the company. c. Organizations cannot depend on individuals to act ethically. d. Ethical behavior can hurt companies but rarely affects them positively.

b. Ethical behavior requires actions consistent with one's own values, those of society, and those of the company.

Which of the following statements accurately describes gender diversity? a. Global female business leaders predominately come from the West. b. In the United States, the glass ceiling tends to prevent women's movement to the executive level. c. The number of women in the U.S. labor force reached its peak in 1999 with a rate of 90%. d. Median weekly earnings for women now match their male counterparts' earnings.

b. In the United States, the glass ceiling tends to prevent women's movement to the executive level.

_____ is a cultural orientation in which people belong to loose social frameworks and their primary concern is for themselves and their families. a. Collectivism b. Individualism c. Communitarianism d. Socialism

b. Individualism

_____ describes personality as a composite of an individual's psychological processes. a. Projective theory b. Integrative approach c. Trait theory d. Behavioral theory

b. Integrative approach

Which of the following statements accurately describes the formal organization? a. It is less visible than the informal organization. b. It is influenced by the informal organization. c. It is the unofficial part of the organization. d. Its study originated the snake pit metaphor.

b. It is influenced by the informal organization.

All of the following statements about the study of organizational behavior are true EXCEPT a. Structured learning requires that students accept responsibility for their actions and actively participate in group activities. b. Organizational behavior is an applied discipline, so students are essentially trained in organizational behavior. c. An advantage of experiential learning is that students can explore new behaviors in a comparatively safe environment. d. Students of organizational behavior must master basic objective knowledge, develop specific skills, and apply these learnings in real-world settings.

b. Organizational behavior is an applied discipline, so students are essentially trained in organizational behavior.

_____ is a relatively stable set of characteristics that influences an individual's behavior. a. Discipline b. Personality c. Emotional intelligence d. Creative thinking

b. Personality

_____ of ethics emphasize the character of an act itself, not its effects, in arriving at universal moral rights and wrongs. a. Consequential theories b. Rule-based theories c. Character theories d. Fact-based theories

b. Rule-based theories

Why are ethical dilemmas so prevalent in business? a. Most companies are apathetic about the ethics involved in decision making. b. Since few ethical issues are clear-cut, they require individual interpretation. c. Unethical decision making rarely affects company finances. d. Few employees are aware of their own values.

b. Since few ethical issues are clear-cut, they require individual interpretation.

_____, the science of society, has contributed greatly to our knowledge of group and intergroup dynamics. a. Philosophy b. Sociology c. Engineering d. Anthropology

b. Sociology

In the context of organizations as open systems, which of the following is a major internal component of organizations? a. Customer b. Technology c. Office design d. Government regulation

b. Technology

Which of the following involves repeated pressures for dates? a. Sexual coercion b. Unwanted sexual attention c. Gender harassment d. Sexual abuse

b. Unwanted sexual attention

In the context of the ABC model of an attitude, cognitive elements are measured by _____. a. physiological indicators b. attitude scales c. observing behavior d. asking a person about intentions

b. attitude scales

Which of the Big Five personality traits refers to a person who is hardworking, organized, and dependable? a. openness to experience b. conscientiousness c. extraversion d. agreeableness

b. conscientiousness

Personality researchers are most concerned with the set of characteristics that lend ________ to behavior. a. positivity b. consistency c. projection d. flexibility

b. consistency

In a company-wide meeting, Spiro questioned the huge discrepancy between his salary and that of the company's CEO. Spiro's question can be viewed as a matter of a. whistleblowing. b. distributive justice. c. procedural justice. d. social responsibility.

b. distributive justice.

At the heart of character and virtue ethics is a. utilitarianism. b. emotional intelligence. c. a universal standard of behavior. d. religion.

b. emotional intelligence.

All of the following are typical of cultures characterized by traditional masculinity EXCEPT a. high valuation of materialism b. emphasis on the environment c. admiration of achievement d. importance of money and power

b. emphasis on the environment

The _____ perspective focuses on factors outside an individual to understand behavior. a. emotional b. external c. internal d. behavioral

b. external

Which of the following is a work value? a. self-control b. fairness c. intelligence d. freedom

b. fairness

What is the single best predictor of work performance across many occupations and across different cultures? a. attribution b. general mental ability c. core self-evaluation d. conscientiousness

b. general mental ability

While participating in a psychological study on her university campus, Yael was asked to play a word association game. The researcher said a word and Yael had to respond with another, related word as quickly as she could. The researcher summarized her personality based on the results. To measure Yael's personality, the researcher used a a. self-report questionnaire. b. projective test. c. personality type indicator. d. behavioral measure.

b. projective test.

Attitudes are best defined as a. mental states that include feelings, psychological changes, and the inclination to act. b. psychological tendencies expressed by evaluating something with a degree of favor or disfavor. c. actions consistent with one's own values and those of the organization and society. d. enduring feeling states with no clear cause.

b. psychological tendencies expressed by evaluating something with a degree of favor or disfavor.

In the context of barriers to social perception, _____ are generalizations about a group of people. a. selective perceptions b. stereotypes c. projections d. self-fulfilling prophecies

b. stereotypes

Which preference in the Myers-Briggs Type theory has a strong gender difference? a. sensing/intuition b. thinking/feeling c. extroversion/introversion d. judging/perceiving

b. thinking/feeling

Which term refers to materials and resources as they are transformed by the organization's technology component? a. outputs b. throughputs c. capital d. inputs

b. throughputs

_____ encompasses loyalty and a deep concern for an organization's welfare. a. Emotional dissonance b. Continuance commitment c. Affective commitment d. Cognitive dissonance

c. Affective commitment

_____ is an employee's tendency to remain in an organization because he or she cannot afford to leave. a. Normative commitment b. Affective commitment c. Continuance commitment d. Regulative commitment

c. Continuance commitment

_____ includes crude comments or sexual jokes and behaviors that convey hostility toward a particular gender. a. Gender coercion b. Sexual exploitation c. Gender harassment d. Sexual abuse

c. Gender harassment

According to Eric Brown, which of the following is an action step for adapting to change? a. Being relentless to decisions b. Believing in leadership c. Having a positive attitude d. Having a reactive attitude

c. Having a positive attitude

Which of the following statements accurately describes guanxi? a. Guanxi is a concept unique to China. b. It is more common in societies with well-developed legal support for private businesses. c. It can mean anything from strongly loyal relationships to ceremonial gift giving. d. To build guanxi, Americans must negotiate quick, specific agreements with those in command.

c. It can mean anything from strongly loyal relationships to ceremonial gift giving.

All of the following statements about behavior in times of change are true EXCEPT a. Human behavior often determines the positive or negative outcome of environmental change. b. Change carries both the risk of failure and opportunity for success. c. It is important to ignore failures and focus all energies on new opportunities for success. d. During stressful times, our brains reduce information intake.

c. It is important to ignore failures and focus all energies on new opportunities for success.

Which of the following measures the specific facets of job satisfaction? a. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) b. ABC model c. Job Descriptive Index (JDI) d. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

c. Job Descriptive Index (JDI)

_____ is a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one's job or job experiences. a. Job dissonance b. Job lattice c. Job satisfaction d. Job orientation

c. Job satisfaction

_____ is the first discipline to take the modern corporation as the unit of analysis. a. Engineering b. Sociology c. Management d. Anthropology

c. Management

Which generation of workers tends to place high importance on creativity and seek work in line with their values? a. Baby busters (aka Generation X) b. Silent generation c. Millennials (aka Generation Y) d. Baby boomers

c. Millennials (aka Generation Y)

The _____ eliminated the heavy tariffs placed by Mexico on U.S. exports and provided that the remaining tariffs be phased out over time. a. G-3 Free Trade Agreement b. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade c. North American Free Trade Agreement d. ASEAN Free Trade Area

c. North American Free Trade Agreement

All of the following statements accurately describe organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) EXCEPT a. The impact of one worker's OCBs can spread throughout an entire department. b. Satisfied workers are more likely to engage in OCBs than those unsatisfied with their jobs. c. OCBs must be carefully managed since each behavior significantly depletes employee energy. d. OCBs are especially important to organizations using teams.

c. OCBs must be carefully managed since each behavior significantly depletes employee energy.

Which of the following statements accurately describes emotions and moods? a. People tend to maintain one mood regardless of the time of day. b. Emotions have little to no impact on work attitudes. c. Research has shown that emotions and cognitions are normal parts of decision making. d. Moods are less enduring than emotions and have no clear cause.

c. Research has shown that emotions and cognitions are normal parts of decision making.

Which of the following examples attributes success to an internal source? a. Diego won the sales contract since his father is friends with the CEO. b. Alexis has a GPA of 4.0 because coursework for her major is so easy. c. Satya's bonus was the result of many long days doing research. d. Braden got an A on his essay because he's such a flatterer.

c. Satya's bonus was the result of many long days doing research.

_____ is the extent to which people base their behavior on cues from other people and situations. a. Self-efficacy b. Positive affect c. Self-monitoring d. Self-esteem

c. Self-monitoring

In the context of ethical behavior, which of the following is a terminal value identified by Rokeach? a. Self-control b. Politeness c. Self-respect d. Obedience

c. Self-respect

Which of the following statements accurately describes the importance of organizational diversity in the study of organizational behavior? a. Attempts to explain organizational behavior rely heavily on external environmental considerations. b. Few small companies contribute to the economic health and welfare of the United States. c. Students should attempt to understand the industrial context of behavior. d. Not-for-profit companies are so similar to for-profit companies that they need not be considered part of the diverse environment.

c. Students should attempt to understand the industrial context of behavior.

Some individuals respond to change by relying on well-learned behaviors. This kind of behavior would be most productive in which of the following examples? a. The company merged with another, smaller company. b. The company began outsourcing production. c. The business decided to move the supply room down the hall. d. The organization announced a downsizing.

c. The business decided to move the supply room down the hall.

In the context of organizational systems, which of the following is true of inputs? a. They are the transformed products delivered to consumers and clients. b. They are the materials and resources that are transformed by the organization's technology component. c. They are the human, informational, material, and financial resources used by an organization. d. They are the products that return to organizations from unsatisfied customers.

c. They are the human, informational, material, and financial resources used by an organization.

In the context of Jungian psychological types, the _____ preference describes the way we prefer to make decisions. a. Extraversion/Introversion b. Sensing/Intuition c. Thinking/Feeling d. Judging/Perceiving

c. Thinking/Feeling

_____ is the degree to which a culture tolerates ambiguity. a. Power distance b. Guanxi c. Uncertainty avoidance d. Kibbutzim

c. Uncertainty avoidance

The best source for rating an individual's emotional intelligence is a. the individual's work history. b. the individual himself/herself. c. a colleague. d. a standardized test.

c. a colleague.

The tension produced by a conflict between attitudes and behavior is _____. a. consonance b. emotional contagion c. cognitive dissonance d. competitive inertia

c. cognitive dissonance

Goran secured three bids for a project at work. He was about to award the job to the lowest bidder when his boss demanded he award the job to the highest bidder—a friend of hers from college. Goran feels torn between his strong sense of fairness and his boss' demand. He is experiencing a. emotional contagion. b. social learning. c. cognitive dissonance. d. organizational citizenship behavior.

c. cognitive dissonance.

In the context of the Big Five personality traits, across many occupations, _____ people are more motivated and perform better than others. a. reserved b. creative c. conscientious d. curious

c. conscientious

Corporations and business enterprises tend to subscribe to _____. a. cultural relativism b. universal moralism c. consequential ethics d. rule-based ethics

c. consequential ethics

Adam Smith's doctrine of natural liberty argues for open-market competition and free trade, which is similar to a. cultural relativism. b. rule-based theories of ethics. c. consequential theories of ethics. d. character theories of ethics.

c. consequential theories of ethics.

All of the following influences on attitude formation are related to social learning EXCEPT a. culture b. modeling c. direct experience d. peer pressure

c. direct experience

Clients, unions, and federal regulators are part of an organization's a. internal task environment. b. inputs. c. external task environment. d. outputs.

c. external task environment.

Federal regulators are part of an organization's: a. formal structure. b. internal task environment. c. external task environment. d. informal structure.

c. external task environment.

Which of the following is an element of the informal organization? a. goals b. financial resources c. group norms d. job descriptions

c. group norms

Which of the following is an environmental variable in interactional psychology? a. attitudes b. ethics c. personal life d. values

c. personal life

Madison sent a video to a small group of her coworkers. She assumed each would appreciate the video's political humor, but several vehemently complained and asked her never to send anything like that again. Which barrier to social perception is at play here? a. first impression b. self-fulfilling prophecies c. projection d. stereotype

c. projection

A target uses the peripheral route to persuasion when a. the information must be carefully processed. b. only quality arguments will change her attitude. c. she is distracted. d. a great deal of persuasion is needed

c. she is distracted.

In the context of the open systems view of organization, _____ involves the systems of communication, authority and roles, and workflow. a. task b. technology c. structure d. output

c. structure

Which internal component of an organization's open-system framework is defined as the organization's mission, purpose, or goal for existing? a. structure b. people c. task d. technology

c. task

People born from 1946 through 1964 are called _____. a. Generation X b. the baby boomlets c. the baby boomers d. Generation Y

c. the baby boomers

Procedural justice concerns: a. creativity and innovation. b. organizational flexibility. c. the fairness of the process by which outcomes are allocated. d. the fairness of outcomes individuals receive.

c. the fairness of the process by which outcomes are allocated.

People are more likely to be persuaded into an attitude change when a. they are in a bad mood. b. they have high self-esteem. c. the tone of the message matches their mood. d. their freedom is threatened.

c. the tone of the message matches their mood.

What is the most current term for organizations that do business in several countries? a. multicultural businesses b. multinational organizations c. transnational organizations d. international conglomerates

c. transnational organizations

A B Corp is a company that a. strives to be the second-best company in the related field. b. experiences five years of slow sales following an ethical scandal. c. uses the power of business as a force for good. d. monitors the ethical behavior of business.

c. uses the power of business as a force for good.

All of the following will affect how people perceive you EXCEPT a. what topics you discuss b. your facial expressions c. your positive self-concept d. how you dress

c. your positive self-concept

What does Kurt Lewin's equation B = ƒ (P, E) mean? a. Business is a function of profits and expenses. b. Brainstorming is a function of personality and the environment. c. Behavior is a function of perceptions and expectations. d. Behavior is a function of the person and the environment.

d. Behavior is a function of the person and the environment.

All of the following statements about sexual harassment in the workplace are true EXCEPT a. It is more likely to occur in male-dominated workplaces. b. Good corporate policies do not absolve the company of any problems resulting from harassment. c. Supreme Court rulings tend to blame the company when its managers create sexually hostile working environments. d. Bystander interventions have no effect on workplace sexual harassment.

d. Bystander interventions have no effect on workplace sexual harassment.

_____ allows a person to perceive multiple characteristics of another person rather than attending to just a few traits. a. Core self-evaluation b. Self-concept c. Locus of control d. Cognitive complexity

d. Cognitive complexity

_____ can be defined as any voluntary, attitude-driven behavior that violates organizational norms and causes some degree of harm to an organization, coworkers, or supervisors. a. Organizational citizenship behavior b. Cognitive consonance behavior c. Emotional contagion behavior d. Counterproductive work behavior

d. Counterproductive work behavior

Which of the following studies was conducted in the 1920s and 1930s and suggested the importance of the informal organization? a. Time and motion b. Maslow's hierarchical needs c. Deming d. Hawthorne

d. Hawthorne

Which of the following is a determinant of personality? a. Projection b. Time orientation c. Culpability score d. Heredity

d. Heredity

Which of the following statements is an example of the cognitive component of an attitude? a. I can't wait to see my new office. b. I would rather stay home than go to work today. c. I'm afraid of my new boss. d. I believe my coworkers are lazy.

d. I believe my coworkers are lazy.

In the context of barriers to social perception, which of the following best defines self-fulfilling prophecy? a. It is the overestimation of the number of people who share our own beliefs, values, and behaviors. b. It is our tendency to prefer information that supports our viewpoints. c. It is the formation of lasting opinions about an individual based on initial perceptions. d. It is a belief that allows our expectations about people to affect our interaction with them in such a way that those expectations are fulfilled.

d. It is a belief that allows our expectations about people to affect our interaction with them in such a way that those expectations are fulfilled.

In the context of human behavior in organizations, which of the following best defines a challenge? a. It is the mastery of abilities essential to successful functioning in organizations. b. It is the unofficial and less visible part of a system. c. It is the transformation or modification of an organization and/or its stakeholders. d. It is the call to competition, contest, or battle.

d. It is the call to competition, contest, or battle.

Which of the following statements accurately describes job satisfaction? a. Employees with high negative effect are more likely to be satisfied with their jobs. b. There is a strong correlation between high-paying jobs and job satisfaction. c. Job satisfaction is directly linked to greater productivity. d. Job satisfaction depends upon pay, the work itself, promotion opportunities, supervision, and coworkers.

d. Job satisfaction depends upon pay, the work itself, promotion opportunities, supervision, and coworkers.

_____ is a cultural orientation in which assertiveness and materialism are valued. a. Femininity b. Low power distance c. High power distance d. Masculinity

d. Masculinity

All of the following statements accurately describe work attitudes EXCEPT a. Demanding jobs over which employees have little control negatively affect work attitudes. b. Attitudes directly affect work behavior. c. Attitudes indirectly affect work behavior. d. Positive psychological climates are not enough to generate positive attitudes or good performance.

d. Positive psychological climates are not enough to generate positive attitudes or good performance.

_____ is the degree to which a culture accepts unequal distribution of power. a. Power ceiling b. Power deck c. Power norm d. Power distance

d. Power distance

A successful manager is most likely to have a. low self-monitoring. b. a reactive personality. c. low general self-efficacy. d. an internal locus of control.

d. an internal locus of control.

Which discipline is defined as the science of human learned behavior and studies how organizational culture affects performance? a. engineering b. psychology c. sociology d. anthropology

d. anthropology

In the context of understanding human behavior, Kurt Lewin combined internal and external perspectives with his claim that behavior is a function of: a. individual preferences for leadership styles. b. compliance and deviance within social groups. c. organizational culture and group dynamics. d. both a person and his or her environment.

d. both a person and his or her environment.

Which of the following is an element of Six Sigma? a. self-directed work teams b. lack of mass training in statistics and quality c. single-function operation d. business results orientation

d. business results orientation

To master basic objective knowledge, students must engage in a. technology use. b. group projects. c. rote memorization. d. critical thinking.

d. critical thinking.

Which term refers to the theory that there are no universal ethical principles and that people should not impose their own ethical standards on others? a. Aristotelian principle b. categorical imperative c. utilitarianism d. cultural relativism

d. cultural relativism

What is the best way to gain a competitive edge, especially against international competition? a. increase the diversity of the workforce b. restructure the company to match international competitors c. create a system of constant change and innovation d. develop a system focusing on total quality

d. develop a system focusing on total quality

Which term refers to the assumption that an individual's behavior is accounted for by the situation? a. cognitive structure b. projection c. selective perception d. discounting principle

d. discounting principle

Which of the following is a powerful force and causes the biggest changes in the workplace? a. corporate competition b. workforce diversity c. part-time professionals d. global competition

d. global competition

In the context of personality measurement tools, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI): a. elicits an individual's response to abstract stimuli. b. involves observing an individual's behavior in a controlled situation. c. measures ideas about individual differences advocated by Carl Jung. d. helps diagnose several neurotic or psychotic disorders.

d. helps diagnose several neurotic or psychotic disorders.

All of the following are major characteristics of a persuasive source EXCEPT a. trustworthiness b. expertise c. attractiveness d. intelligence

d. intelligence

What global business practice has the greatest potential for creating economic challenges? a. use of symbols in technology b. gift giving c. communication between generations d. layoffs

d. layoffs

Managers are more likely to consult employees and work with them to achieve harmonious results when the culture is characterized by a. low uncertainty avoidance b. future time orientation. c. individualism. d. low power distance.

d. low power distance.

Which sector of the economy has the greatest variety of organizations? a. service b. manufacturing c. government d. private

d. private

Which term refers to the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal causes and one's failures to external causes? a. self-fulfilling prophecy b. fundamental attribution error c. impression management d. self-serving bias

d. self-serving bias

Which preference in the Myers-Briggs Type theory represents perception or information gathering? a. thinking/feeling b. extroversion/introversion c. judging/perceiving d. sensing/intuition

d. sensing/intuition

Trevon interviewed dozens of candidates for a sales job with his company and now must select one of them. He decides to hire Natalie because she graduated from an Ivy League college. He assumes anyone from such a prestigious school is smart and hardworking. Which barrier to social perception is at play here? a. selective perception b. self-fulfilling prophecies c. first impression d. stereotype

d. stereotype

A(n) _____ is a situation that overwhelms the effects of individual personalities by providing strong cues for appropriate behavior. a. weak situation b. integrative situation c. rigid situation d. strong situation

d. strong situation