Management Quiz Chapter 1 and 2

__________ helped organizations achieve goals through systematic management.

Careful definition of duties and responsibilities

__________ introduced the scientific management approach that advocated the application of scientific methods to analyze work and to determine how to complete production tasks efficiently.

Frederick Taylor

__________ is the introduction of new goods and services.

Innovation

Which statement about bureaucracies is true?

It may invest too much authority in too few people.

Which statement about quality is true?

Quality can be measured in terms of product performance, customer service, and reliability.

__________ is a management approach that attempted to build into operations the specific procedures and processes that would ensure coordination of effort to achieve established goals and plans.

Systematic management

__________ refers to people's reactions to being observed or studied resulting in superficial rather than meaningful changes in behavior.

The Hawthorne effect

Which statement about the sources of competitive advantage is true?

The best managers and companies deliver all six competitive advantages.

Frederick Taylor's contributions to scientific management as an approach to management were significant because Taylor

advocated the use of the differential piecerate system.

Tyrone, manager at Engineering Systems, Inc. (ESI), is struggling to maintain a competitive advantage in ESI's marketplace. He wants to hire and retain the best staff that he can, but the best staff command high salaries. Tyrone knows that high staff salaries can erode his company's profitability. But passing along these higher costs to his clients means they will start doing less business with higher-priced ESI and more business with Tyrone's lower-priced competitors. Tyrone is struggling to

be cost competitive.

Because products __________, a firm must adapt to new competitors and to consumer demands.

do not sell forever

Savon was surprised to learn that when his business grew and he needed to order more raw materials, the costs of materials and unit production were less per item. This demonstrates the concept of

economies of scale.

Bureaucracy can be defined as a classical management approach that

emphasizes a structured, formal network of relationships among specialized positions in the organization.

A team leader's job is less challenging than frontline and other types of managers' jobs because team leaders always have direct control over team members.

false

Lower-level managers who possess technical skills tend to earn less credibility from their subordinates than comparable managers without technical know-how.

false

Management struggled to emerge as a formal discipline after the Industrial Revolution.

false

Successful managers do not need to utilize all four functions of management, just the ones relevant to their business.

false

The best managers prioritize efficiency over effectiveness.

false

The emergence of the Hawthorne effect drove managers to strive for further growth following the Industrial Revolution.

false

The four fundamental management principles include analyzing current situations, determining objectives, choosing business strategies, and determining the resources needed to achieve the organization's goals.

false

The ideas from the scientific management and administrative management approaches overshadowed those of the human relations approach and made it obsolete.

false

Top-level managers are also called tactical managers because they must translate general goals into specific objectives and activities.

false

Harry is surprised one day to learn that the parts that he has ordered from a small local supplier are delayed. He immediately calls his supplier, and the supplier admits that his shop is overbooked with orders, not only from Harry's business but also from new customers in China. As Harry realizes that his small U.S.-based business is competing for shop space with companies in China, he faces the management challenge involved with

globalization.

Mary Smith, Vice President of Human Resources, is finding that competition for human talent is becoming fiercer. She has implemented creative solutions to leverage diversity of the labor force to the benefit of her organization. For example, Mary has found that __________ allows her to supplement her available staff, particularly during times of work overload.

hiring older workers on a part-time basis

The unique ideas and products that Leverage Group has patented provide a significant advantage to its business because none of its competitors are able to offer them. Because Leverage's CEO recognizes the __________, he has authorized development of practices to discover and harness his organization's intellectual resources.

importance of knowledge management

Amazon is not necessarily known for its development of new products. However, Amazon has transformed the way that products are purchased and delivered. Thus, Amazon has leapfrogged its competition through its

innovation.

The critics of scientific management claimed that

it did not help managers deal with broader external issues.

Stacy manages a specialized environmental consulting practice. Client feedback obtained in the past 12 months indicates that her business is on the decline. Stacy decides to implement various changes within her practice to improve service quality. One of the key elements of these changes will be to refocus her staff on

making it easy and enjoyable for clients to experience a service.

Cost competitiveness means that one

prices his or her products or services at a level attractive to consumers.

Latosha's department has been introducing new goods and services on a rapid-fire basis over the past two years. However, business is down, largely because customer feedback on the usefulness, reliability, and durability of the new goods and services is negative. Latosha's division manager, Viceroy, reviews the situation and concludes that the innovation of Latosha's department is good; however, __________ is poor.

quality

Which of Henri Fayol's 14 principles of management refers to keeping communications within the chain of command?

scalar chain

In the development of the assembly line for the manufacture of the Model T, Ford studied and standardized the steps and equipment necessary to assemble automobiles, selecting the "the one best way" to complete tasks. In doing so, Ford used the __________ management approach.

scientific

Lucy has a sandwich shop in Seattle. One thing that attracts busy people to her shop is that she has perfected a way to make sandwiches in half the time her competitors take. Which fundamental driver of success has Lucy emphasized?

speed

Service refers to the

speed and dependability with which an organization delivers what customers want.

During a pandemic, many people found that they were more concerned about having a place to live and food to eat than with achieving personal fulfillment. This demonstrates Maslow's theory of needs.

true

If one does not anticipate change and adapt to it, one's firm will not thrive in a competitive business world.

true

Lillian Gilbreth focused on the human side of management and was interested in how job satisfaction motivated employees.

true

When Josef went to college in the early 1900s, he was taught that management was a profession with five main functions. Josef was taught the administrative management approach.

true

The evolution of management thought is divided into __________ major sections.

two

Toward the end of the Industrial Revolution, in the late 19th century, several university programs offering management and business education were founded, including the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. Establishment of these programs

was an acknowledgment of management as a formal discipline.