MAO ESSAY PLAN- How far do you agree that the consolidation of communist rule in China 1949-56 can be explained more by support of the CCP than by the use of intimidation?
KOREAN WAR- evidence
. "sick man of asia' . "resist america, aid korea"
ANTIS MOVEMENTS- evidence
. 3 antis 1951 . victims subjected to struggle meetings .5 antis 1952 . bourgeoisie and business owners targeted
POPULAR POLICIES- evidence
. Agrarian Reform Law(1950)- destroy "gentry landlord class" "system of peasant land ownership shall be introduced" .1-2 million landlords executed
REUNIFICATION CAMPAIGNS- evidence
. Dalai Lama . Tibet- 60,000 attempted resist . Guangdong- 28,000 executed
REUNIFICATION CAMPAIGNS
.control over all Chinese territory to be safe from foreign interference/ rival ideologies TIBET- buddhism= loyal to leader Dalai Lama, PLA banned traditions, lama forced to flee, boundaries redrawn so many lived outside Tibetan borders and forced to taken part in communal land reforms XINJIANG- muslim pop> ethnic ties some national groups in soviet union, mao feared soviet interference within borders, PLA attacked and cleared resistance by March 1950 GUANGDONG- economically important port, purged nationalist forces> forced flee to Taiwan
INTRO
1949-industry & agriculture destroyed, national infrastructure CCP SUPPORT- popular policies(inital support arguably most important) .koran war INTIMIDATION- Antis movements Reunification campaigns
POPULAR POLICIES
ATTACKS ON LANDLORISM- fuedal class enemy .destroyed to redistribute land .communist whipped anger against them-some cases years of pent up petty jeal and resentments REDISTRIBUTION OF LAND- summer 1952 43% land redistributed to 60% of population . rural production boomed between 1950-52 total agricultural production increased by 15% per annum
KOREAN WAR
ENHANCE CCP CONTROL/POWER- support from other communist countries- prove stalin trustworthy ally . "resist america, aid korea" campaign- mobilised public support for army, workers donate wages to war effort . sense shared national pride and unity ENHANCE CHINAS INTERNATIONAL PRESTIGE- proved west to be "paper tigers" (look tough, easy to defeat) . not sick man of asia . military success= feared & respected in west BUT SOME VIOLENCE & INTIMIDATION- provided excuse to lock up enemies> denounced non-communists as spies/traitors
ANTIs MOVEMENTS
THREE ANTIS- "big clean-up throughout Party"(mao) . encouraged citizens to organise rallies to denounce "counter revolutionaries" FIVE ANTIS- mass campaigns to remove possible opponents & seize control over economic assests . 'tiger beaters'- activists ordered to gather incriminating info against former bosses, tortured them & dragged to struggle meetings . party cadres sent to takeover leading management roles= increasing CCPs control
