MAP CH1

Which organ system includes the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils?

Lymphatic system

Which of the following imaging techniques causes particles within atoms to line up in uniform direction allowing the imaging of soft tissue? CT scan ultrasound digital subtraction angiography PET scan MRI

MRI

Which system includes testes, epididymides, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, penis, and scrotum?

Male reproductive system

Which organ system includes skeletal muscles and associated tendons?

Muscular system

__________ feedback control reduces variations away from a desired physiological state. -Positive -Depressive -Negative -Neutral

Negative

Which organ system includes the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and sense organs?

Nervous system

The cranial bones almost entirely surround the brain and protect it. Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the cranial bones and the brain? Cranial bones are anterior to the brain. The cranial bones are proximal to the brain. The cranial bones are lateral to the brain. The cranial bones are superficial to the brain.

The cranial bones are superficial to the brain.

During lab, you notice that the kidneys are not directly associated with the other organs in the abdominal cavity. Upon closer inspection, you observe that they are located outside of the peritoneal lining. Which response best describes the position of the kidneys? -The kidneys lie within the parietal peritoneum. -The kidneys are retroperitoneal to the abdominal cavity. -The kidneys are infraperitoneal with respect to the abdominal cavity. -The kidneys lie within the visceral peritoneum.

The kidneys are retroperitoneal to the abdominal cavity.

An anatomical term that means the same as ventral is abdominal. posterior. superior. anterior. inferior.

anterior

Cardiac muscle tissue is part of the __________. -integumentary system -nervous system -cardiovascular system -muscular system

cardiovascular system

The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells is called embryology. physiology. histology. anatomy. cytology.

cytology

Which of these sciences began with the invention of the microscope? systemic anatomy cytology surface anatomy physiology

cytology

The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment in an organism is termed homeostasis. negative feedback. integration. positive feedback. effector control.

homeostasis

Which of the following imaging techniques is used to monitor blood flow through specific organs, such as the brain, heart, lungs, and kidneys? PET scan digital subtraction angiography MRI CT scan ultrasound

digital subtraction angiography

The integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the hypothalamus. positive feedback center. temperature sensor. skin. thermostat.

hypothalamus

You are a pathology intern at a prestigious medical school. Your instructor presents you with a box of leg bones and asks you to place them on the table in the correct anatomical position. You recall that anatomical position is determined __________. in reference to your left and right in reference to the sagittal plane in reference to the superior and inferior ends in reference to the subject's right and left

in reference to the subject's right and left

The chin is ________ to the nose. posterior inferior medial superior anterior

inferior

Which of these organs is retroperitoneal in location? stomach kidney urinary bladder large intestine

kidney

The lungs are __________ to the heart. -posterior -lateral -proximal -medial

lateral

Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the simplest to the most complex? Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the simplest to the most complex? -tissue, cellular, molecular, organ, organ system, organism -cellular, tissue, molecular, organ system, organ, organism -organ, organism, molecular, cellular, tissue, organ system -molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Which of the following is located in a median position? shoulder lung Right foot mouth

mouth

If a response decreases a disturbance, the control system is classified as a ________ feedback system. negative polarized deficit neutral positive

negative

Maintenance of a constant body temperature is an example of __________. -negative feedback -static equilibrium -hormonal signaling -positive feedback

negative feedback

Visceral pericardium is located on the heart itself. lining the peritoneal cavity. on the lung itself. lining the pericardial cavity. lining the pleural cavity.

on the heart itself.

Physicians draw on numerous sources of information on patient health. The function of lungs, for instance, can be checked through careful listening with a stethoscope. Such practice is called auscultation and falls under which of the following particular physiological specialties? organ physiology systemic physiology histology cell physiology

organ physiology

The study of kidney function is an example of __________. -regional anatomy -organ physiology -systemic physiology -pathological physiology

organ physiology

A scientist investigating the amount of force needed to perform a bicep curl with a 10 lb weight is studying which level of organization? -organ level -tissue level -chemical level -organ system level

organ system level

Moving from simpler to more complex, which level of organization is immediately before (simpler than) the cell? tissue atom molecule organelle

organelle

Based on the Biological Hierarchy of Organization, tissues join together to form what structures? cells molecules organelles organs

organs

Identify the branch of biological science that deals with the study of how living organisms perform their vital functions. anatomy cytology embryology genetics physiology

physiology

Which of the following body cavities is superior to the diaphragm? -pleural cavity -peritoneal cavity -abdominal cavity -pelvic cavity

pleural cavity

Which of the following is a term that can be used instead of dorsal? posterior lateral distal ventral

posterior

A patient placed face down is in the __________ position. transverse anatomical prone supine

prone

A person lying on the bed and gazing at the ceiling is in the ________ position. caudal prone supine dorsal anatomical

supine

The study of the function of specific organ systems is called organ physiology. systemic physiology. cell physiology. histology. pathological physiology.

systemic physiology

Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts? -transverse -frontal -proximal -sagittal

transverse

The plane that separates the abdominal and the pelvic cavities is the mediastinum. superior to the thorax. midsagittal on the trunk. transverse at the hips. sagittal on the brachium.

transverse at the hips.

The kidneys are part of the __________ system. digestive cardiovascular urinary reproductive

urinary

Another term for "anterior" is __________. Anatomical directions caudal cranial dorsal ventral

ventral

The __________ attaches to the surface of the heart. Serous membranes visceral peritoneum visceral pericardium visceral pleura parietal pericardium

visceral pericardium

The membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the __________. -visceral pleura -visceral peritoneum -visceral pericardium -mediastinum

visceral peritoneum

The common term for the carpal region is the fingers. wrist. chest. ankle. shin.

wrist

The spleen is located in the __________ quadrant. -right upper -left upper -left lower -right lower

left upper

Identify the quadrant that contains most of the stomach. Abdominopelvic quadrants right upper quadrant right lower quadrant left lower quadrant left upper quadrant

left upper quadrant

Which of the following statements is NOT true about autopsies? Autopsies are interesting not just to scientists and physicians but also to artists. Autopsies can be used to identify a misdiagnosis. Autopsies can be used to verify the cause of death. Autopsies are used exclusively for internal examinations of a cadaver.

Autopsies are used exclusively for internal examinations of a cadaver.

While standing in the anatomical position, back refers to posterior. front refers to ventral. front refers to anterior. back refers to dorsal. All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following options best describes the main concept(s) associated with study of anatomy and physiology? -the hierarchy of structural relationships -the predisposition towards internal balance known as homeostasis -the principle of complementarity of structure and function -All of the listed responses are correct.

All of the listed responses are correct

Which organ system includes skin, hair, sweat glands, and nails?

Integumentary system

Which organ system includes teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas?

Digestive system

Which organ system includes pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal gland, gonads, and endocrine tissues in other systems?

Endocrine system

Which system includes ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia, clitoris, and mammary glands?

Female reproductive system

The imaging technique that assesses metabolic and physiological activity of a structure is called a MRI. CT scan. digital subtraction angiography. ultrasound. PET scan.

PET scan.

Which of the following is NOT correct for anatomical position? Arms fully extended Nose facing forward Legs are straight with toes aimed forward Palms facing inward towards the thighs

Palms facing inward towards the thighs

Which organ system includes the nasal cavity, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and alveoli?

Respiratory system

Which organ system includes bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, and bone marrow?

Skeletal system

The knee is proximal to the ankle. Which of these other terms could also be used to correctly describe the relationship between the knee and the ankle? The knee is medial to the ankle. The knee is superficial to the ankle. The knee is contralateral to the ankle. The knee is superior to the ankle.

The knee is superior to the ankle.

The diaphragm muscle separates the ________ from the ________. abdominal cavity; pelvic cavity pericardial cavity; pleural cavity pleural cavity; mediastinum pericardial sac; pericardial cavity thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavity

Thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavity

Which of the following statements in reference to true body cavities is FALSE? -The vital organs of the trunk are suspended within true body cavities. -True body cavities are fluid-filled. -True body cavities are lined by a thin layer of tissue called a mucosa. -True body cavities are closed such that they separate their contents from the external environment.

True body cavities are lined by a thin layer of tissue called a mucosa.

Which organ system includes kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra?

Urinary system

When standing, moving toward the cranium is moving in __________ direction. -a medial -a superior -an inferior -a lateral

a superior

An example of a sensor in a negative feedback loop that controls body temperature is __________. -skeletal muscle contraction -a sweat gland -a thermoreceptor -the hypothalamus

a thermoreceptor

In blood clotting, the platelets __________ to initiate the clotting process. Positive feedback, blood clotting aggregate constrict deliver oxygen dilate

aggregate

A chemical imbalance in the body can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn will cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view that blood has magical properties. all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent. congenital defects can be life-threatening. chemical molecules make up cells. all organisms are composed of cells.

all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.

Effective auscultation of the lungs relies on knowledge of which of the following anatomical concepts? sectional planes proximal and distal locations right and left lower abdominopelvic quadrants anatomical landmarks

anatomical landmarks

Records exist about ancient Greeks and Romans who performed dissections to get a better understanding of the structures that make up our body. Which of the following terms would best describe these early scientists? doctors anatomists embryologists physiologists

anatomists

Identify the branch of biological science that studies the external and internal structure of the body and the physical relationship among body parts. physiology genetics anatomy cytology embryology

anatomy

Which of the following is an example of a normal physiological process that uses a positive feedback loop? -blood sugar balance -blood pressure regulation -blood clotting -body temperature regulation -water balance

blood clotting

If a person's body temperature gets too high, the body will respond by decreasing its temperature to restore homeostasis. What are some of the body's homeostatic responses to decrease body temperature? (Figure 1-9) blood vessels constrict, sweating increases sweating decreases, shivering increases blood vessels are not affected but sweating decreases blood vessels dilate, sweating increases shivering increases

blood vessels dilate, sweating increases

A cell or an organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is termed a(n) stimulus. hypothalamus. receptor. effector. thermoregulator.

effector

Insulin and other hormones that regulate energy use in the body are produced by the __________ system. -respiratory -cardiovascular -digestive -endocrine

endocrine

Jared was working in a hot dish room all afternoon, sweating. After his shift, he stepped out into a cold December night and got "goose bumps." What type of homeostatic regulation best describes these physiological responses? -receptor-mediated homeostasis -positive feedback -extrinsic regulation -autoregulation

extrinsic regulation

Physiology is to __________ as anatomy is to __________. -form; structure -structure; form -function; structure -structure; function

function; structure

Many medical terms are rooted in Phoenician. German. Greek or Latin. Latin. Greek.

greek or latin

Visceral pericardium covers the __________. pleural cavity heart lungs peritoneal cavity

heart

The study of tissues with a microscope is called __________. surface anatomy cell physiology histology gross anatomy

histology

The central idea for understanding the existence of a stable internal environment is the principle of __________. disease nutrition evolution homeostasis

homeostasis

The central principle of physiology is reflexes. homeostasis. nutrition. temperature regulation. stimulation.

homeostasis

Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that detects a particular stimulus, and a(n) ________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) ________ whose activity has an effect on the same stimulus. receiver; communicator; effector effector; receiver; communicator control center; effector; receptor receptor; control center; effector control center; receiver; effector

receptor; control center; effector

The trachea belongs to the __________ organ system. -endocrine -respiratory -cardiovascular -digestive

respiratory

The liver is primarily located in the ________ quadrant. left upper right upper hepatic left lower right lower

right upper

Which plane divides the body into right and left parts? sagittal orthogonal transverse proximal frontal

sagittal

Which sectional plane divides into left and right sides? coronal frontal sagittal transverse

sagittal

What type of body membrane is found lining the internal cavities of the body? -mucous -serous -cutaneous -epithelial

serous

During wind sprints for field hockey practice, Sarah noticed that her face felt very hot and looked red. Of the choices below, which would be considered the initial location of the receptor(s) for the homeostatic response to Sarah's running? temperature sensors in Sarah's skeletal muscles and blood vessels sweat glands in Sarah's skin the thermoregulatory center in Sarah's brain Sarah's pacesetter cells in her cardiac muscle

temperature sensors in Sarah's skeletal muscles and blood vessels

The trunk is subdivided into the abdominopelvic and __________. pelvic cavity pericardial cavity peritoneal cavity thoracic cavity

thoracic cavity