Marieb A&P Chap 6 Skeletal
57) The heel bone is called the __________.
CALCANEUS
65) The part of the ethmoid bone that contains holey areas with fibers that carry impulses from the olfactory receptors of the nose to the brain is the __________.
CRIBRIFORM PLATE
10) The sella turcica is part of the __________ bone. A) ethmoid B) parietal C) frontal D) sphenoid E) temporal
D
17) The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that: A) bone is dead B) bone diameter is decreasing C) bone diameter is increasing D) bone length is increasing E) bone length is no longer increasing
D
26) A compound fracture can be described as when: A) the bone is broken into many fragments B) the bone is crushed C) the broken bone ends are forced into each other D) the broken bone is exposed to the outside E) adjacent bones fracture simultaneously
D
32) A round or oval opening through a bone is a: A) fossa B) fissure C) facet D) foramen E) trochanter
D
36) The most important minerals stored in bones are: A) calcium and iron B) calcium and potassium C) sodium and potassium D) calcium and phosphorus E) sodium and phosphorus
D
37) A bone fracture where the bone is broken into many fragments is a: A) compound fracture B) compression fracture C) simple fracture D) comminuted fracture E) greenstick fracture
D
38) The middle nasal conchae are part of the: A) sphenoid bone B) vomer bone C) nasal bone D) ethmoid bone E) maxillae
D
39) A fracture that is common in osteoporotic bones is a(n): A) depressed fracture B) spiral fracture C) simple fracture D) compression fracture E) impacted fracture
D
42) Bone formation can be referred to as: A) osteoarthritis B) gout C) osteoporosis D) ossification E) rickets
D
52) The area that contains glassy hyaline cartilage that provides a smooth slippery surface which decreases friction is indicated by letter __________. (pic)
D
67) The scapula is indicated by letter __________.
D
T/F 85) There are seven cervical, twelve thoracic, and five lumbar vertebrae.
TRUE
T/F 87) The zygomatic bones form the cheekbones.
TRUE
T/F 89) Fontanels allow for growth of the brain.
TRUE
58) A large rounded projection on a bone is called a __________.
TUBEROSITY
75) The fibula is indicated by letter __________.
X
47) The phalanges of the foot are indicated by letter __________.
Z
76) An increase in bone diameter is called __________ growth.
APPOSITIONAL
16) The sternum is the result of fusion of three bones called the: A) ischium, ilium, coccyx B) true ribs, manubrium, xiphoid process C) manubrium, body, xiphoid process D) jugular notch, sternal angle, xiphisternal joint E) pubis, ischium, ilium
C
20) Transverse foramina are found in the: 2 A) lumbar vertebrae B) thoracic vertebrae C) cervical vertebrae D) sacrum E) coccyx
C
21) A shallow, basin-like depression in a bone often serving as an articular surface is a: A) meatus B) foramen C) fossa D) sinus E) groove
C
22) Which is the correct order of ribs, from superior to inferior: A) floating ribs, true ribs, false ribs B) floating ribs, false ribs, true ribs C) true ribs, false ribs, floating ribs D) false ribs, floating ribs, true ribs E) true ribs, floating ribs, false ribs
C
25) Four of the five answers listed below are parts of the same anatomical area. Select the exception. A) radius B) clavicle C) fibula D) humerus E) scapula
C
44) The tailbone is the: A) pubis B) sacrum C) coccyx D) patella E) ischium
C
56) The diaphysis is indicated by letter __________.
C
64) The radius bone is indicated by letter __________.
Q
48) The sacrum is indicated by letter __________.
R
50) The disease in children whose diets lack calcium or vitamin D, where the bones fail to calcify, is called __________.
RICKETS
62) Cube-shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone are called __________ bones.
SHORT
60) A fracture where the bone breaks cleanly but does not penetrate the skin is termed a __________ fracture.
SIMPLE or CLOSED
73) The external acoustic (auditory) meatus is found on the __________ bone.
TEMPORAL
T/F 79) In anatomical position, the lateral lower leg bone is the fibula.
TRUE
T/F 82) The heaviest, strongest bone in the body is the femur.
TRUE
T/F 83) Hematopoiesis refers to the formation of blood cells within the red marrow cavities of certain bones.
TRUE
13) Which of the following groups of bones in the human body, categorized according to shape, is correct: A) coxal bones - irregular bones B) cranium - sesamoid bones C) skull bones - flat bones D) arm and leg bones - short bones E) wrist and ankle bones - long bones
A
29) Osteons are characteristic of __________. A) compact bone B) articular cartilage C) yellow marrow D) spongy bone E) Sharpeyʹs fibers
A
3) Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are __________, whereas articulations permitting no movement are called __________. A) amphiarthroses synarthroses B) amphiarthroses diarthroses C) diarthroses amphiarthroses D) diarthrosessynarthroses E) synarthroses amphiarthroses
A
30) Which of the following is an example of a bone that forms from fibrous membranes: A) the parietal bone B) the femur C) the humerus D) the radius E) the tibia
A
34) The small cavities in bone tissue where osteocytes are found are called: A) lacunae B) lamellae C) trabeculae D) Volkmannʹs canals E) Haversian canals
A
35) The greater trochanter is located on the: A) femur B) humerus C) fibula D) tibia E) radius
A
4) There are __________ vertebrae in the neck region. A) seven cervical B) five lumbar C) twelve thoracic D) seven lumbar E) five thoracic
A
45) Which of the following bone categories is composed of two layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them: A) flat bone B) irregular bone C) compact bone D) long bone E) sesamoid bone
A
72) Spongy bone is indicated by letter __________.
A
70) The only freely movable bone in the skull is the __________.
MANDIBLE
8) Which of the following is correct of the female pelvis when comparing it with the male pelvis: A) the distance between the female ischial spines is greater B) the angle of the female pubic arch is smaller C) the female pelvis as a whole is deeper, and the bones are heavier and thicker D) the female iliac bones are less flared E) the distance between the female ischial tuberosities is less
A
92) Shoulder joint A) ball-and-socket joint B) condyloid jont
A
93) Fracture where bone fragments into many pieces A) comminuted
A
95) Coxal bone A) irregular bone
A
96) Wrist joint A) plane joint
A
97) Small channels that radiate through the matrix of bone A) canaliculi B) Sharpeyʹs fibers
A
98) Sternum A) flat bone
A
99) Type of fracture in which bone is crushed A) compression
A
100) Patella A) short bone B) <<
B
11) In adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to: A) decrease friction at joint surfaces B) store adipose tissue C) form blood cells D) store calcium and phosphorus E) cause lengthwise growth in long bones
B
14) A structure found on the femur is the: A) anterior crest B) intercondylar fossa C) trochlea D) lateral malleolus E) medial malleolus
B
15) What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo: A) dense fibrous connective tissue B) hyaline cartilage C) fibrocartilage D) elastic connective tissue E) loose fibrous connective tissue
B
23) The factor(s) that determine where bone matrix is to be remodeled is (are): A) sex hormones B) stresses of gravity and muscle pull on the skeleton C) calcium level of the blood D) growth hormone E) parathyroid hormone (PTH)
B
27) The axial skeleton contains: 1. skull 2. arms and legs 3. ribs and sternum 4. vertebrae 5. pelvic girdles A) 1, 2, 3, 5 B) 1, 3, 4 C) 1, 3, 4, 5 D) 2, 5 E) 2, 3, 4, 5
B
41) There are four stages in the healing of a bone fracture. Which of the following best illustrates the sequence of these stages: 1. bony callus formation 2. bone remodeling 3. fibrocartilage callus formation 4. hematoma formation A) 1, 3, 2, 4 B) 4, 3, 1, 2 C) 1, 2, 3, 4 D) 1, 3, 4, 2 E) 4, 3, 2, 1
B
43) The periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by dense connective tissue fibers called: A) endochondral bone B) Sharpeyʹs fibers C) articular cartilage D) a bony matrix with hyaline cartilage E) Volkmannʹs canals
B
91) Knuckle joints A) ball-and-socket joint B) condyloid jont
B
94) Cells that can dissolve the bony matrix A) osteons B) osteoclasts
B
71) List and discuss the structures of a long bone.
Diaphysis, Epiphyse, Epiphyseal line/plate
1) The canal that runs through the core of each osteon contains: A) red marrow B) cartilage and lamellae C) yellow marrow and Sharpeyʹs fibers D) osteoclasts and osteoblasts E) blood vessels and nerve fibers
E
12) The hyoid bone is unique because: A) it has no specific function B) it largely consists of cartilage C) it has an unusual shape D) it is covered with mucosa E) it is the only bone of the body that does not directly articulate with any other bone
E
18) The suture found between the parietal and temporal bone is the: A) coronal suture B) sagittal suture C) both the squamous suture and the sagittal suture D) lambdoid suture E) squamous suture
E
19) The bone cells within lacunae receive nourishment from blood vessels through passageways called: A) perforating canals B) medullary cavities C) lamellae D) Haversian canals E) canaliculi
E
2) Which of these bones is NOT associated with the foot: A) tarsals B) calcaneus C) metatarsals D) talus E) metacarpals
E
24) The type of tissue shown in Figure 5.3 is found mostly in: A) articular cartilage B) short bones C) yellow marrow D) the epiphysis E) the diaphysis
E
28) Which of these bones is NOT a long bone found in the leg: A) femur B) fibula C) metatarsals D) tibia E) patella
E
31) Fingers and toes are referred to as: A) tarsals B) carpals C) metatarsals D) metacarpals E) phalanges
E
33) A fracture that is common in children, whose bones have relatively more collagen in their matrix and are more flexible than those of adults, is a(n): A) depressed fracture B) spiral fracture C) open fracture D) impacted fracture E) greenstick fracture
E
40) Which of these are bone-forming cells: A) osteocytes B) osteoclasts C) lamellae D) canaliculi E) osteoblasts
E
5) What type of cell does parathyroid hormone (PTH) activate: A) periosteum B) lacunae C) osteoblast D) osteocyte E) osteoclast
E
6) The type of joint shown in Figure 5.4 is: A) a suture B) a cartilaginous joint C) a fibrous joint D) an amphiarthrotic joint E) a synovial joint
E
61) The area that causes the lengthwise growth of a long bone is indicated by letter __________.
E
7) The atlas is the: A) last lumbar vertebra B) part of the sacrum C) first thoracic vertebra D) second cervical vertebra E) first cervical vertebra
E
9) All of the following facial bones are paired except one. Which of the following is the unpaired facial bone: A) maxillae B) lacrimal C) zygomatic D) palatine E) vomer
E
T/F 77) Osteoblasts respond to the parathyroid hormone (PTH).
FALSE
T/F 78) Spinal curvatures that are present at birth are called primary curvatures (the cervical and lumbar curvatures) and those that develop later are secondary curvatures (the thoracic and sacral curvatures).
FALSE
T/F 80) Most of the stress on the vertebral column occurs on the sturdiest vertebrae in the sacral region.
FALSE
T/F 81) The diaphysis of a long bone is composed of spongy bone.
FALSE
T/F 84) The master gland of the body (pituitary gland) is housed in a saddlelike depression in the temporal bone called the sella turcica.
FALSE
T/F 86) Ribs numbered 11 and 12 are true ribs because they have no anterior attachments.
FALSE
T/F 88) The spinal cord passes through the body of each vertebra.
FALSE
T/F 90) All flat bones are formed from hyaline cartilage.
FALSE
54) A round or oval hole through a bone, which contains blood vessels and/or nerves, is called a __________.
FORAMEN
51) The head of the humerus fits into the __________ of the scapula.
GLENOID CAVITIY
49) The disease in which uric acid accumulates in the blood and may be deposited as needle-shaped crystals in the soft tissues of joints is called __________.
GOUT
46) The femur is indicated by letter __________.
H
69) The area that serves as a storage area for fat in adults is indicated by letter __________.
H
74) Blood cell formation is called __________.
HEMATOPOIESIS
59) The elbow joint is an example of a __________ joint in which movement occurs in only one plane.
HINGE
53) The mandible is indicated by letter __________.
N
63) The sternum is indicated by letter __________.
O
66) _________ are giant cells that destroy bone.
OSTEOCLASTS
55) The distal epiphysis is indicated by letter __________.
I
68) The frontal bone is indicated by letter __________.
L
