Master Prep Chapter 35: Key Pediatric Nursing Interventions
The nurse is assessing the aspirate of a gavage feeding tube to confirm placement. Which assessment finding indicates intestinal placement? tan aspirate green aspirate clear aspirate yellow aspirate
Correct response: yellow aspirate Explanation: Yellow or bile-stained aspirate indicates intestinal placement. Clean, tan, or green aspirate indicates gastric placement.
The nurse is teaching parents of a 12-year-old child how to administer otic medication. Which statement by the parent indicates a need for further education? "After removing the medication from the refrigerator, I need to roll it gently in my palms to warm it." "I will pull the outer ear down and back before administering the medication." "I will hold the dropper 0.5 in (1.25 cm) above the ear canal and be certain not to touch the ear with the dropper." "After administering the drops, I will ask my child to remain side-lying for several minutes."
Correct response: "I will pull the outer ear down and back before administering the medication." Explanation: The proper technique to instill ear drops in a child older than 3 years of age involves pulling the pinna up and back. Otic medication should not be administered if it is cold. Cold medication may cause discomfort and produce vomiting or vertigo in the child. If an otic medication must be refrigerated, it should be warmed in the palms of the hands. Proper otic administration technique involves holding the dropper 0.5 in (1.25 cm) above the ear canal and being careful not to touch the dropper to the ear to prevent contamination of the dropper with microorganisms. The child should remain in a side-lying (or supine) position for several minutes after administration.
The nurse has been caring for a 12-year-old boy during his 5-day hospitalization. The child's IV has infiltrated, and the care provider is getting ready to change the intravenous line site. Which statement made by the nurse would be appropriate in supporting the child? "The nurses on the unit know the client well, so maybe a nurse could start the IV." "Would you like me to stay with you or are you OK alone?" "The client is left-handed and likes to draw; an IV site in his right arm would be best." "I will be back after your IV is in place."
Correct response: "The client is left-handed and likes to draw; an IV site in his right arm would be best." Explanation: The staff nurse may serve as the child's advocate when the care provider comes to start an infusion. The staff nurse who has cared for the child has the child's confidence and knows the child's preferences.
A child who is receiving TPN has developed the need to have insulin injections. The child's mother questions this and states that her child does not have diabetes. What is the appropriate response by the nurse? "There is a chance these feedings your child is receiving are causing her to have diabetes." "Illness can sometimes result in the need for insulin." "There is no need to worry. This is temporary." "The feedings are high in sugar and insulin is needed to manage this."
Correct response: "The feedings are high in sugar and insulin is needed to manage this." Explanation: Glucose levels may be elevated when TPN is administered. While illness can impact serum glucose levels, this is not an appropriate response. Telling the parent there is no need to worry minimizes concerns and is not a correct response. The child does not have diabetes but warrants insulin coverage.
The nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular immunization to a 5-year-old child. What statement to the child is appropriate for inclusion in the preadministration period? "This shot will help you." "I am going to give you an immunization." "This will help prevent you from getting sick." "If you don't hold still it will hurt more."
Correct response: "This will help prevent you from getting sick." Explanation: When providing teaching to a child it is important to be open and honest and provide developmentally appropriate information. Explaining that this will prevent later illness is something a child can understand. Saying that pain may result if movement occurs is a scare tactic and counterproductive. Using the word "immunization" employs terminology that is too complex for a child. Using the word "shot" is scary for the child and should be avoided if possible
The nurse is providing discharge education to the parents of a 2-year-old who will be taking amoxicillin orally at home. The nurse would include which statement in the teaching? "Use a dosing cap to measure the dosage." "Give the medication until your child has no symptoms." "Mixing the medication with milk will help." "Crush the pills and mix with applesauce when giving the medication."
Correct response: "Use a dosing cap to measure the dosage." Explanation: When talking to parents about giving medicine, stress that if a medicine comes supplied with a dosing cap, it is best to use that to measure the correct dose (Pham et al., 2011). If there is no dosing cap, then an oral medicine syringe or dropper are the next best methods to measure liquid medicine because kitchen teaspoons are rarely exactly 5 ml. Antibiotics need to be taken for the full course, not until symptoms subside. Mixing the medication with a drink or in food makes it difficult to determine how much the child has taken if the child refuses to finish it all. Amoxicillin comes in a liquid form, so crushing the pills is not appropriate.
The nurse is showing the student nurse how to flush a pediatric client's peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line. The nurse prepares a 3-ml normal saline flush using a 5-ml syringe. The student asks the nurse why the flush was prepared this way. What is the most accurate response by the nurse? "Using a larger-volume syringe exerts less pressure on the PICC line." "The 5-ml syringe is what we have the most stock of so I just always use it." "It is standard policy in our facility to use a 5-ml syringe for all PICC line flushes." "I like how the 5-ml syringe fits in my hand. I feel like I have a better grip on it than a smaller syringe."
Correct response: "Using a larger-volume syringe exerts less pressure on the PICC line." Explanation: Using a larger-volume syringe (i.e., 5 mL or larger) exerts less pressure on the PICC, thereby reducing the risk of rupture.
The child weighs 47 pounds. How many kilograms does the child weigh? Record your answer using one decimal place.
Correct response: 21.4 Explanation: There are 2.2 lb per kg. 47 lb x 1 kg/2.2 pounds = 21.363636 kg. When rounded to the tenths place, the answer is 21.4 kg.
The nurse is calculating the urinary output for the infant. The infant's diaper weighed 40 g prior to placing the diaper on the infant. After removal of the wet diaper, the diaper weighed 75 g. How many milliliters of urine can the nurse document as urinary output? Record your answer using a whole number.
Correct response: 35 Explanation: The diaper must be weighed before being placed on the infant and after removal to determine urinary output. For each 1 gram of increased weight, this is the equivalent of 1 milliliter of fluid. 75 grams - 40 grams = 35 grams = 35 ml
The nurse is preparing to administer oral ampicillin to a child who weighs 40 kg. The safe dose for children is 50 to 100 mg/kg/day divided in doses administered every 6 hours. What would be the low single safe dose and high single safe dose per day for this child? 100 to 500 mg per dose 1,000 to 5,000 mg per dose 500 to 1,000 mg per dose 50 to 100 mg per dose
Correct response: 500 to 1,000 mg per dose Explanation: To calculate the dosage, the nurse would set up a proportion to calculate the low dose as follows: 50 mg/1 kg = x mg/40 kg; solve for x by cross-multiplying: 1 × x = 50 × 40; x = 2,000 mg divided by 4 doses per day = 500 mg. Then calculate the high safe dose range using the following proportion: 100 mg/1 kg = x mg/40 kg; solve for x by cross-multiplying: 1 × x = 100 × 40; x = 4,000 mg divided by 4 doses per day = 1,000 mg.
The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old post-appendectomy client who weighs 86 pounds. The child has a temperature of 38.5ºC (101.3ºF). The nurse prepares to give the client a dose of oral acetaminophen. The order reads "Tylenol 15mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours PO PRN for fever or pain." How many milligrams of Tylenol should the nurse give the client? 1.3 milligrams 1,290 milligrams 147 milligrams 587 milligrams
Correct response: 587 milligrams Explanation: The child's weight must first be converted to kilograms by dividing 86 by 2.2. The result is 39.1 kilograms. Next, the 39.1 kilograms must be multiplied by 15 milligrams. This answer is 587 milligrams.
A neonate is to receive a hepatitis B vaccine within a few hours after birth. What is the best approach for the nurse to take when giving this medication? Administer the medication in the dorsogluteal with a 25-gauge needle. Administer the medication in the deltoid muscle with a 20-gauge needle. Administer the medication in the neonate's vastus lateralis with a 25-gauge needle. Administer the medication in the vastus lateralis with a 20-gauge needle.
Correct response: Administer the medication in the neonate's vastus lateralis with a 25-gauge needle. Explanation: The vastus lateralis site is a safe choice for intramuscular (IM) injections in a neonate. A 22- to 25-gauge needle is recommended for neonates, but the nurse must assess the neonate's size before determining needle size to use. The 25-gauge needle is recommended for neonates. The dorsogluteal site should not be used until school age. Neither the deltoid muscle nor the dorsogluteal muscle are recommended IM sites for neonates. These muscles should not be used until toddler age or older. The volume of the medication should not exceed 0.5 ml per injection until the child is preschool age.
The pediatric nurse is bringing the prescribed medication for a child but notes that the identification band is missing. The parents are at the bedside holding the child. What is the best method for identifying the child? Leave the medication at the bedside and get another identification band. Hold the medication, documenting in medication record as being held due to missing identification band. Ask the child to tell you their name. Ask the parents to tell you the child's name and date of birth.
Correct response: Ask the parents to tell you the child's name and date of birth. Explanation: The parents are the best resource for finding out the child's legal name and date of birth, which can be compared to the medical record. The child may use a nickname or other name, which cannot be verified with the medical record. It is not safe to leave any medication at the bedside. It is appropriate to get another identification band once the child has been properly identified. Refusing to give the medication is not appropriate if the nurse is able to identify the child correctly.
The nurse is preparing to penicillin to a nonverbal pediatric client. Which action will the nurse perform prior to administering the medication? Check the full name and birth date on the client's wristband with the medication administration record. Check the full name and age on the client's wristband with the medication administration record and have the parent verbally confirm. Check the full name and room number on the client's wristband with the medication administration record. Check the birth date and full name on the client's wristband with the medication administration record and have another nurse verify.
Correct response: Check the full name and birth date on the client's wristband with the medication administration record. Explanation: When administering medications to a child, the nurse needs to use at minimum two client identifiers that are directly associated with the client and the medication to be given, such as full name, client ID number, and birth date. The nurse will take the medication administration record to the room to perform a "double-identifier" check. A client's identity must be verified with two acceptable identifiers, not just one. There is no need to have another nurse verify or have the parent state the client's information. A room number or a bed number is not an acceptable identifier.
A health care provider has prescribed hydroxyurea 650 mg for a child diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. The child weighs 65 lb (29.5 kg). The normal recommended dose is 20 mg/kg/day. What action should the nurse take? Contact the health care provider to lower the dose. Administer the medication as prescribed. Call the pharmacist to clarify the dosage. Contact the health care provider to increase the dose.
Correct response: Contact the health care provider to lower the dose. Explanation: The nurse should perform the needed calculations to check the dosage is correct for the client. The nurse will use the client's weight in kilograms and multiply by the prescribed milligrams per day. 29.5 kg x 20 mg = 590 mg Therefore, the nurse should contact the health care provider about lowering the dose.
A toddler requires 1.5 ml of an antibiotic given intramuscularly (IM). How will the nurse administer this medication? Reduce the volume of the dose using less diluent than recommended to prepare the antibiotic for IM injection. Seek an order for an oral form of the antibiotic. Administer the antibiotic IM in the rectus femoris. Divide the dose. Administer 0.75 ml IM in each vastus lateralis.
Correct response: Divide the dose. Administer 0.75 ml IM in each vastus lateralis. Explanation: The recommended amount of solution a toddler should receive in one IM injection should not exceed 1 ml. Dividing the dose is necessary even though two injections will cause additional stress. These could be given simultaneously by two nurses. Seeking an oral route could be explored, but may not be feasible. The manufacturer's directions regarding the amount of diluent should be followed to ensure safety.
A nurse is preparing a dose of insulin to give the client. Which action takes priority when preparing and administering this medication? Have another RN witness the injection given to the client. Double-check the math calculations. Ask the client if he or she has had any adverse reactions to insulin in the past. Double-check the dose with another RN before giving.
Correct response: Double-check the dose with another RN before giving. Explanation: Insulin is a high-alert medication and the dosage must be checked with another RN before administering. All rights of medication administration should be adhered to. Insulin dosages come in units and the prescription is to administer a specific number of units; thus, no calculations of dosages are needed. Insulin injections do not have to be witnessed. Insulin is not known for having adverse reactions, but it is always a good practice to ask the client if he or she has experienced any problems receiving insulin.
The nurse is assessing a child who is receiving TPN. The nurse determines the TPN bag was hung 24 hours ago. What initial action by the nurse is indicated? Document the amount of solution left in the bag and continue the administration. Discontinue the TPN bag and notify the physician. Hang a new bag of TPN. Increase the rate of the TPN to complete the bag.
Correct response: Hang a new bag of TPN. Explanation: TPN bags should not hang over 24 hours. The nurse should discontinue the current bag and hang a new one. There is no need to notify the physician. The rate of the TPN should never be changed without a physician's order.
The nurse has prepared an IM injection to give a 13-year-old child. After some searching, the nurse locates the child in the playroom in front of a video game. Which action is best for the nurse to take? Inform the child that it is time for an injection. Explain why the injection is needed and have the child move to the treatment room. Ask the child when the game will be over. Give the injection in the playroom since the child is distracted with the video game. Ask the child to take a break from the game and come back to the child's room to give the injection.
Correct response: Inform the child that it is time for an injection. Explain why the injection is needed and have the child move to the treatment room. Explanation: Explaining the reason for a medication is appropriate for a 13-year-old child. The medication should not be given in the playroom. The playroom is a safe area for clients. Painful procedures should be done in a treatment room. Asking the child to take a break from the game sounds like the nurse is asking permission to give the medication. A child should not be given the opportunity to refuse a medicine.
The nurse is administering an oral liquid medication to a 5-year-old child. What would be the most appropriate for the nurse to do when administering this medication? Ask the parent to hold the child's arms during administration. Let the child hold the medication cup. Have the child lying down with the head elevated on a pillow. Administer the medication using a dropper.
Correct response: Let the child hold the medication cup. Explanation: Droppers and oral syringes can be used to administer medications to infants and young children. Medication cups and spoons can be used to administer liquid medications to the older child. The child can hold the medication cup and drink the liquid medication. Depending upon the age of the child, he or she may still prefer to take liquid medications via the syringe. It makes taking the medication fun when the child can squirt it into the mouth by himself or herself. The child who is lying down when being given medications should have the head of the bed elevated to at least 45 degrees A 5-year-old child does not need to be restrained for medication administration.
A 5-year-old boy is receiving an analgesic intravenously while in the hospital. What should the nurse do to determine whether the drug is being properly excreted from this child? Monitor the child's fluid intake and output. Measure the child's respiration rate. Ask the child to describe his pain level. Assess the child's blood pressure level.
Correct response: Monitor the child's fluid intake and output. Explanation: Monitoring intake and output is important in children receiving drugs to be certain urine excretion or an outlet for drug metabolites is adequate. The other interventions listed are not typically used to determine whether drug excretion is occurring.
Parents asks the nurse why their premature infant is receiving a feeding through the mouth rather than the nose. What is the best explanation by the nurse? It is equally acceptable to use either insertion site. Orogastric tube insertion can cause inflammation and obstruction of the nares. Nasogastric tubes decrease the possibility of striking the vagal nerve. Newborns are obligate nose breathers so nasogastric may obstruct their breathing.
Correct response: Newborns are obligate nose breathers so nasogastric may obstruct their breathing. Explanation: Whether enteral catheters should be passed through the nares or the mouth is controversial. Because newborns are obligate nasal breathers, passing a catheter through the nose may obstruct their breathing space, and repeated insertion of a nasogastric tube can cause inflammation and obstruction of the nose; thus most tubes are inserted orally in small infants. Orogastric insertion can also decrease the possibility of striking the vagal nerve in the back of the throat and causing bradycardia, whereas nasogastric tubes increase the possibility of striking the vagal nerve.
Included in the nursing care plan for the child receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) will be which intervention? Regularly monitoring the child's blood glucose Keeping the child nothing by mouth (NPO) Flushing the peripheral catheter delivering the TPN solution regularly with saline A daily stool softener
Correct response: Regularly monitoring the child's blood glucose Explanation: Monitoring the blood glucose is important with TPN since the glucose content of the solution is high and can cause hyperglycemia. The need for a stool softener would be determined on an individual basis. Children receiving TPN may or may not be taking food and fluids orally. The catheter delivering the TPN solutions will be centrally placed to accommodate the concentrated TPN solution (larger vessel with more rapid blood flow).
The nurse is caring for a comatose school-age child receiving gastrostomy tube feedings. The nurse aspirates 15 ml of stomach contents prior to administering a feeding. What is the appropriate action by the nurse? Discard the stomach contents and continue with the feedings as prescribed. Replace the stomach contents and hold the feeding. Replace the stomach contents and continue with the feedings as prescribed. Discard the stomach contents and notify the health care provider of the aspiration amount.
Correct response: Replace the stomach contents and continue with the feedings as prescribed. Explanation: The nurse should always aspirate nasogastric or gastrostomy tubes for stomach contents to check for tube placement and assess gastric residual amounts prior to administering feedings. The nurse will return any amount of stomach residue aspirated so the child does not lose large amounts of stomach acid. 15 ml is a very small amount of gastric contents and should not interfere with feedings.
A parent informs the nurse about having a hard time getting her 6-year-old child to take the liquid medication at home. Which would be the best suggestion for the nurse to offer the parent to help correct this concern? Tell the parent to tell the child, "It tastes just like candy!" Tell the parent to ask the child nicely, "Will you drink this for me?" Tell the parent to say calmly, "Can you drink this for me?" Tell the parent to state firmly, "It's time for you to drink your medicine."
Correct response: Tell the parent to state firmly, "It's time for you to drink your medicine." Explanation: The best guideline for the parent to help in getting a child to take the liquid medication is to state firmly, "It's time to take your medication." Asking or pleading with the child does not work. Firmness is required. The child can be, however, allowed to choose what liquid to use to help swallow the medication. This helps with self-esteem and independence. The parent should also be honest about the taste of the medication. Adults also should never refer to medicine as candy. If a child happens to like a particular medicine, he or she may help themselves to it, and consuming too much can be fatal.
A preschool-age child who is receiving gastrostomy feedings occasionally vomits following a feeding. When the parent describes the feeding process, what does the nurse note as the likely cause of the vomiting? Bolus feedings are administered over a period of about 25 minutes. Caretakers omit flushing the tube at the conclusion of bolus feedings. The mother does not check gastric residual prior to feedings. A feeding pump is used to administer the feedings.
Correct response: The mother does not check gastric residual prior to feedings. Explanation: Because gastric residual (amount left in the stomach from prior feeding) is not checked before feeding, there may be times the child's stomach is overfilled when the current nutritional material is added. Aspirating to measure residual would confirm this as well as provide data about how fast the child's stomach is emptying. The feeding plan may need to be modified. Not flushing the tube would not be related to vomiting. Using 25 minutes to administer a bolus feeding is an appropriate amount of time in most instances. A feeding pump would precisely control feeding rate and should not be the source of vomiting.
The nurse is administering a gavage feeding through a nasogastric feeding tube. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority? The nurse documents how the child tolerated the feeding. The nurse verifies the position of the feeding tube. The nurse replaces stomach content that has been aspirated. The nurse positions the child in a sitting position.
Correct response: The nurse verifies the position of the feeding tube. Explanation: Verifying the position of the tube to ensure that the tube is in the stomach by aspirating stomach contents is the highest priority. This is a top priority because of the danger of aspiration if the tube is not in the stomach but rather in the esophagus or the lung.
An infant is to have a scalp-vein intravenous infusion begun. What is an advantage of this insertion site? Infiltration cannot occur with this insertion site. The child will not feel pain from the needle insertion. Glucose is absorbed best from scalp veins. The scalp veins are easily visualized.
Correct response: The scalp veins are easily visualized. Explanation: Peripheral IVs can be inserted in neonates and infants. The scalp veins are easily visualized, being covered only by a thin layer of subcutaneous tissue. These veins do not have valves, so the device may be inserted in either direction, although the preference would be in the direction of blood flow. Unless the area has been numbed before the procedure, the child will feel the pain of insertion. Infiltration can occur at any site a peripheral catheter has been inserted. Glucose can be absorbed from any vein from which it is infusing.
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication via a syringe pump as ordered for a 2-month-old girl. Which is the priority nursing action? Wash hands and put on gloves. Gather the medication. Gather the necessary equipment and supplies. Verify the medication order.
Correct response: Verify the medication order. Explanation: The priority nursing action is to verify the medication ordered. The first step in the eight rights of pediatric medication administration is to ensure that the child is receiving the right medication. After verifying the order, the nurse would then gather the medication, the necessary equipment and supplies, wash hands, and put on gloves.
If a medication is being administered by the otic route, it will be administered in which way? Warmed to room temperature and dropped into the eye Rolled between the hands and drawn up into a small syringe Lubricated and gently placed into the rectum Warmed to room temperature and dropped into the ear
Correct response: Warmed to room temperature and dropped into the ear Explanation: Otic means ear. Be sure that the ear drops are at room temperature. If necessary, roll the container between the palms of your hands to help warm the drops. Using cold ear drops can cause pain and possibly vertigo or vomiting when they reach the eardrum. If the medication were to be placed in the rectum the instructions would say "for rectal use only." A ophthalmic drug would be placed in the eye. Medications in a syringe could be for injection or a liquid for oral use.
The nurse is caring for a breastfed infant hospitalized for gastroenteritis. Which method can be used to most accurately measure intake? It is impossible to get an accurate intake measurement. Weigh the infant before and after feeding and subtract weight. Estimate based on comparison with bottle-fed infants. Document breastfeeding for elapsed time the baby feeds
Correct response: Weigh the infant before and after feeding and subtract weight. Explanation: Intake in breast-fed infants is generally recorded as "breast-fed for X minutes." If it is necessary to estimate the amount more closely than this, an infant can be weighed before and after a feeding. The difference in weight (measured in grams) is calculated to establish the number of milliliters of breast milk ingested (1 g = 1 ml). Weighing the infant before and after feeding is the most accurate method for strict intake. Comparing to a bottle-fed infant is inaccurate and therefore not correct.
A medical/surgical nurse has been floated to the pediatric unit. Which action by the float nurse would require the pediatric nurse to intervene? asking the child his or her name prior to giving medications scanning the child's barcode on the identification band speaking to both the parents and child about medications requesting the pediatric nurse to double-check calculations
Correct response: asking the child his or her name prior to giving medications Explanation: To prevent errors, the nurse should never ask children their names for identification. This action would require the pediatric nurse to intervenes. Instead, nurses must read or scan the bar code on clients' identification arm bands and compare them with the medication sheet or electronic record. It is important to include both the parents and child in teaching about a medication. Calculating pediatric doses is not something medical/surgical nurses do on a regular basis, so it would be appropriate for the float nurse to have a pediatric nurse double-check the calculations.
The nurse has just inserted a nasogastric tube for an enteral feeding in a 6-month-old infant. The best way to assess whether the tube has reached her stomach is to: listen at the distal end of the tube for bowel sounds. administer 1 ml of fluid and observe for coughing. aspirate the tube for stomach contents. lower the end of the tube and observe for drainage.
Correct response: aspirate the tube for stomach contents. Explanation: Observing the appearance of fluid aspirated from the tube can be used in conjunction with pH testing but is not a single reliable verification method.
The nurse is administering total parenteral nutrition to a pediatric client. How often should the nurse monitor the child's blood glucose level during the initial phase of the infusion? every hour every 4 to 6 hours every 2 to 4 hours every 6 to 8 hours
Correct response: every 4 to 6 hours Explanation: Because of the high carbohydrate content of total parenteral nutrition solution, during the initial phase of therapy the nurse should anticipate planning on monitoring the child's blood glucose level every 4 to 6 hours.
Immediately following administering a medication by enteral tube, the nurse will: check for signs of nausea or vomiting. position the child on his left side. flush the tube with water. elevate the head of the bed.
Correct response: flush the tube with water. Explanation: It is important to flush the tube to ensure all of the medication reaches the child's digestive tract and to prevent occlusion of the tube. Right (not left) side-lying position will aid in stomach emptying, although it was not specified that the enteral tube was located in the stomach. Elevating the head of the bed is done prior to placing material in the gastrointestinal tract. Checking for signs of nausea and vomiting is always important but does not have to be done immediately following enteral tube medication administration.
A child is being discharged from the hospital and the nurse has completed discharge teaching regarding prescribed liquid medications. Which comments by the parent demonstrates understanding of discharge instructions for safe medication administration? Select all that apply. "I can probably pinch my child's nose to help in swallowing the medication. I do this when I don't want to taste a liquid medication." "I need to make sure to use the medicine dropper the pharmacy gives me instead of the syringe I use for my B12 injections." "I will only need one medicine dropper for both of the medications being prescribed." "I will be sure to not give too much of the liquid medication at one time." "I shouldn't use a liquid dropper from my kitchen because it may be a different measurement than one from the pharmacy."
I need to make sure to use the medicine dropper the pharmacy gives me instead of the syringe I use for my B12 injections." "I shouldn't use a liquid dropper from my kitchen because it may be a different measurement than one from the pharmacy." "I will be sure to not give too much of the liquid medication at one time." Your selection: Explanation: Only droppers given by the pharmacy for the specific medication should be used. Different syringes may have different measurements than pediatric oral syringes. Mixing medication syringes is avoided if a dropper is packaged with a certain medication since the drop size may vary from one dropper to another. Giving small amounts of liquid avoids aspiration. Pinching the child's nose increases the risk for aspiration and interferes with the development of a trusting relationship.
Age affects how the medication is distributed throughout the body. Which factors affect how medication distribution is altered in infants and young children? Select all that apply. The livers of infants and young children are immature. The blood-brain barrier in infants and young children does not easily allow permeation by many medications. Infants and young children have an increased percentage of body fat. Infants and young children have an increased percentage of water in their bodies. Infants and young children have an increased number of plasma proteins available for binding to
Infants and young children have an increased percentage of water in their bodies. he livers of infants and young children are immature. Explanation: It is true that infants and young children have an increased percentage of water in their bodies. Infants and young children have immature livers.
