Mastering Microbiology Ch 4

Where is the genetic information of the cell stored?

nucleus

What structure acts as a selective barrier, regulating the traffic of materials into and out of the cell?

plasma membrane

One of the ways smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) differs from rough endoplasmic reticulum is that rough ER is covered by

ribosomes

Where are lipids made in the cell?

smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Which of the following is part of the endomembrane system?

golgi apparatus

A strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been genetically altered and can no longer produce fimbriae. What is a likely outcome?

It will be unable to adhere to host tissue and establish infection

Where in a cell is ATP made?

mitochondira

What carries instructions for making proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm?

mRNA

This activity requires that you sort cell structures according to whether they are found in prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells. Drag each of the following terms into the appropriate box, indicating whether it applies to prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells.

Prokaryotic cells Circular chromosome, not enclosed within a nuclear envelopePeptidoglycan-containing cell wall70s ribosomesFlagella that rotate, composed of flagellin Eukaryotic cells Linear chromosomes enclosed within a nuclear envelopeCellulose or chitin-containing cell wallFlagella that wave, composed of microtubulesGolgi apparatusLysosomesMitochondria80s ribosomesEndoplasmic reticulum Submit

A strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae is no longer able to synthesize its capsular polysaccharide. What is a likely outcome?

It will be readily phagocytized upon entering the host

There are some structures that are common to all prokaryotic cells, and others that are only found in some bacterial species or strains. Select the structures below that are found in all bacterial cells.

nucleoid ribosomes cytoplasm plasma membrane

Membrane transport refers to the mechanisms by which solutes cross the plasma membrane, but there are additional prokaryotic cell structures through which a solute would pass when entering or exiting a cell. Sequence the path of a solute from the external environment to the cytoplasm of a prokaryotic cell.

External Environment capsule cell wall plasma membrane Cytoplasm

The immune response of a host against an invading bacterium is often triggered by surface components on the bacterium that are recognized as "non-self" or "foreign" by the host. These non-self components, often protein or polysaccharide in nature, are referred to as antigens. The host responds to these antigens by making antibodies that will react with invading bacteria and mark them or tag them for destruction by phagocytes. Indicate the bacterial structures that are likely to be antigens, to which host antibodies bind, marking the invader for phagocytosis

capsule flagella fimbriae cell wall

The structural framework in a cell is the

cytoskeleton

An important characteristic of antibacterial drugs is their selective toxicity. If antibacterial drugs were not selectively toxic, then they would kill or interfere with the hosts' cells as well as bacterial cells. Examining cellular differences between bacterial (prokaryotic) cells and host (eukaryotic) cells suggests strategies to achieve selective toxicity. We can capitalize on these differences and take advantage of them in the design of antibacterial drugs Identify antibacterial strategies that would likely be selectively toxic for bacteria.

interfering with translation at 70s ribosomes inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis inhibition of fimbriae synthesis

Which of the following organelles breaks down worn-out organelles?

lysosomes