MasteringMicro Chapter 13

Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by prions? A. scrapie B. Chagas' disease C. kuru D. bovine spongiform encephalitis

B

The enzyme lysozyme is critical for which of the stages of a bacteriophage T4 infection cycle? A. attachment B. entry and release C. assembly D. entry E. synthesis

B

Which of the following laboratory procedures is used for culturing animal viruses in the laboratory? A. synthetic cytoplasm B. both cell cultures and embryonated eggs C. embryonated eggs D. cell cultures E. broth cultures

B

Which of the following statements regarding virus taxonomy is true? A. Virus classes are well established. B. Some virus family names are derived from the name of an important member of the family. C. Virus classes are based on the domain of the host organism. D. The species epithet is a latin descriptor of the virion structure. E. Viruses are classified on the basis of the taxonomy of their host organisms.

B

Tumors invade other organs and tissues in a process called A. neoplasia. B. a plaque assay. C. metastasis. D. budding. E. latency.

D

Viroids infect A. bacteria. B. fungi. C. plants and animals. D. plants. E. all organisms.

D

Which of the following is NOT a way in which viruses differ from all other living things? A. They cannot respond to environmental stimuli through metabolic changes. B. They do not grow. C. They cannot self-replicate. D. They live inside host cells.

D

Which of the following is an essential component of all viruses? A. ribosomes B. DNA C. envelope D. capsid

D

Identify the components of the enveloped virus budding process

Check

Conventional genetic analyses of prions involving rRNA sequences are impossible because __________. A. they are too small to be analyzed genetically B. they cannot be isolated in a pure form C. they contain DNA, but not rRNA D. they do not contain nucleic acids

D

In what ways do viruses differ from other pathogens? A. Viruses lack cytoplasm and organelles. B. Viruses lack genetic material. C. Viruses have no protein structure. D. Viruses are composed of protein only. E. Viruses are composed of both protein and lipid.

A

A person has a suspected lung infection. A sputum sample is Gram stained, but no bacteria are visible. However, bacterial colonies do grow after a prolonged incubation. The patient is successfully treated with an antibiotic regimen that includes isoniazid. Why were no bacteria visible after the initial staining reaction? A. Mycolic acids in the wall of this pathogen resist uptake of the Gram stain. B. The bacteria are obligate anaerobes and die upon exposure to oxygen. C. The bacteria are obligate anaerobes and die upon exposure to oxygen. D. The bacteria lack a cell wall.

A

Both viruses and carcinogenic chemicals can cause tumors by __________. A. disruption of cell division B. killing cells C. slowing cellular growth D. creating new cellular genes

A

Host specificity of a virus is due to A. interactions between viral and cellular surface molecules. B. the presence of an envelope. C. the presence or absence of a cell wall on the host cell. D. particular genes that it shares with the infected cell. E. differences in size between the virus and the host cell.

A

How are viruses different from cells? A. They require a host in order to reproduce. B. They do not contain protein. C. They do not contain genetic material. D. They do not contain enzymes.

A

Students identified RSV and influenza as possible causes of Uncle Luis' lung infection. In terms of characteristics used to classify viruses, what distinguishes these two viruses? A. Genome structure B. Host cell C. Presence/absence of an envelope D. Genome composition

A

What is a virion? A. A single virus particle outside a cell. B. A virus genome integrated into a host cell genome. C. An extracellular virus genome. D. An empty capsid. E. A virus genome inside a cell.

A

What is the function of the structural elements of a virus? A. To package and protect the viral genome B. To provide a source of energy for the virus C. To use all of the cell proteins

A

Which of the following statements describes a generalist virus? A. It infects many kinds of cells in many different hosts. B. It can have several different types of genomes. C. It does not have a particular sequence of events in its life cycle. D. It does not cause disease in the organisms it infects.

A

Identify the steps of Lytic replication cycle

Attachment, entry, bacterial chromosome degraded, synthesis, assembly, release

A(n) ________ is a bacterial virus which is integrated into the host cell DNA. A. plasmid B. prophage C. transposon D. insertion phage E. lytic phage

B

A drug targets chitin. Which type of pathogen should this drug be effective against? A. bacteria B. viruses C. fungi D. both bacteria and fungi

C

A pathogen that has chitin in its cell wall would also have _________. A. Mycolic acids B. Peptidoglycan C. Ergosterol D. 70S ribosomes

C

The outermost layer of a virion fulfills which of the following functions of the virus? A. replication B. protection C. both protection and recognition D. both recognition and replication

C