Mastery Level Quiz Chapter 19: Degenerative Changes in Aging prep u

A 75-year-old female has been admitted to the hospital with a hip fracture. She states, "All I did was fall into my chair, not even very hard." Upon diagnostic testing, the client's bones shows loss of trabeculae from cancellous bone and thinning of the cortex. Which diagnosis is mostlikely?

Osteoporosis

To help diagnose problems in cognitive function, many nursing facilities utilize the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) tool. Which of the following statements accurately describes this tool?

It is a brief, objective tool that will assess memory, orientation and attention.

A daughter is concerned because her elderly parent has been diagnosed with osteomalacia. The daughter asks the nurse why this happened. The best response would be that:

intestinal absorption slows as natural aging occurs.

The educator of a geriatric unit is orienting new staff and is teaching strategies on communicating with older adults with impaired hearing. Which teaching point is mostappropriate?

"Ensure that the hearing aid is in place, turned on, and properly functioning."

The adult child of a client with end-stage Alzheimer disease asks the nurse if Alzheimer disease can be passed on to him or her. What is the nurse's most accurate response?

"Research supports a possible genetic link with an early onset."

The spouse of a client diagnosed with Alzheimer disease asks the nurse why the client often neglects to take a shower. The spouse states that the client was always diligent with hygiene in the past; however, over the past few months that has not been the case. What is the nurse's best response?

"You should remind the client to shower."

Recognizing that falls are a significant source of morbidity among older adults, the manager of a geriatric medical unit is conducting a workshop for the health care team on fall prevention. Which of the following patients would the care providers be most likely to anticipate being at a potentially high risk for falls?

A 76 year old woman with diagnoses of Parkinson's disease and orthostatic hypotension.

Which best describes metatarsus adductus?

An adducted forefoot that gives the foot a kidney-shaped appearance

A client with confirmed low bone density asks the nurse if there is anything she can to decrease the risk of trauma. The best response would be:

Brisk walking three times per week on a flat surface

The nurse is assessing a client with stage 3 Alzheimer disease. Which finding(s) does the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply).

Difficulty with word or name finding Decreased performance at work or home Difficulty with reading retention Misplacing valuable objects

Disorders that affect cortical bone typically result in:

Fractures of long bones

The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with osteomalacia about treatments to improve the condition. The best information for the nurse to provide would be:

Increasing dietary consumption of vitamin D

The nurse is assessing a female client's risk for osteoporosis. Which factor places this client at greatest risk?

Menopause

Which statement correctly describes osteogenesis imperfecta, or brittle bone disease?

Osteogenesis imperfecta is caused by deficiencies in the synthesis of type I collagen.

Which structural change can contribute to mixed sensorimotor deficit?

Polyneuropathies involving demyelination of peripheral nerves

Which of the following factors in an elderly client may increase their risk for an adverse drug reaction? Select all that apply.

Poor eyesight requiring prescription lens. Short-term memory loss leading to forgetfulness [as to whether they took their medications].

A postmenopausal client questions the nurse about the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Which statement describes the pathology of osteoporosis?

The process of bone renewal after menopause is slowed in relation to the occurrence of bone breakdown.

The family of an older adult reports increasing inability to perform basic activities of daily living. After evaluation, the client is diagnosed with Alzheimer disease. What intervention will be implemented to slow cognitive decline?

cholinesterase inhibitors

An older adult client is diagnosed with depression. Which medication category will the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for this client?

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)